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INMARSAT-C MOBILE EARTH STATION MODEL

FELCOM 12

c

FURUNO E L E C T R I C C O., LT D.

Yo u r L o c a l A g e n t / D e a l e r

9-52, Ashihara-cho, Nishinomiya, Japan 662 Te l e p h o n e : Te l e f a x :

0798-65-2111 0798-65-4200

FIRST EDITION : APR 1998 All rights reserved.

Printed in Japan

PUB. No. SME-56130-A (KAOK)

FELCOM 12

CONTENTS Chapter 1 Inmarsat System 1.1 System Overview LES ID List 1.2 Inmarsat C Services

1-1 1-3 1-4

1) Store-and-forward Telex Service

1-4

2) Communication Services

1-5

3) Code

1-6

1.3 Communications Network Inmarsat C Channels and Signals 1.4 Message & Signal Transfer

1-7 1-9 1-10

1. Ship-originated Call

1-10

2. Shore-originated Call

1-12

3. Log in

1-14

4. Log out

1-14

5. Distress Alert

1-15

1.5 Different Classes of Inmarsat-C MES

1-16

Class 1 MES

1-16

Class 2 MES

1-16

Class 3 MES

1-16

Chapter 2 Channel Types and Signal Prosessing 2.1 Channel Types

2-1

1. NCS CC/CES TDM Channel

2-2

2. Signalling Channel

2-3

3. SES Message Channel

2-5

2.2 Signal Processing 1. Signal Processing Flow for Each Channel

2-6 2-6

Chapter 3 Block Description 3.1 General

3-1

3.2 Block Diagrams

3-2

1. Antenna and Communication Units

3-2

2. Terminal Unit

3-3

3.3 Functions of each board

3-4

3.4 Antenna Unit (IC-112)

3-5

3.5 Communication Unit (IC-212)

3-7

1. TX board (16P0157)

3-7

2. RF CON board (16P0147)

3-7

3. CPU board (16P0148)

3-9

Chapter 4 Location of Parts 4.1 Antenna Unit (IC-112)

4-1

4.2 Communication Unit (IC-212)

4-3

4.3 Distress Alert Unit/Received Call Unit (IC-302/303)

4-5

Chapter 5 Maintenance 5.1 PV (Performance Verification) Test

5-1

5.2 LED Check

5-4

5.3 Check Points

5-5

Measurement of DEMOD output 5.4 DIP Switch Setting External Alarm Setting 5.5 Memory Contents Backed-up by Battery

5-5 5-6 5-6 5-7

Communication Unit: EE-PROM

5-7

Communication Unit: S-RAM(U40)

5-7

Terminal Unit Flash ROM

5-7

Memory for Menu Settings

5-8

5.6 Updating System Program

5-9

1. Terminal Unit

5-9

2. Communication Unit

5-10

5.7 Replacement of Backup Battery

5-11

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 6.1 Self-Test

6-1

1. Self-test at Power-up

6-1

2. Self-test by F7 Key (F7:Test)

6-2

6.2 Description of Status Monitor Display Analysis of NG Display

6-3 6-5

6.3 Error Messages

6-10

Appendix 1 Menu List

AP1-1

Appendix 2 Specifications

AP2-1

Parts List

D-0

Circuit Diagrams

S-0

Chapter 1 1.1

Inmarsat System

System Overview

The Inmarsat system divides the world into four regions and each region is covered by its own satellite. The regions are Atlantic Ocean Region-East (AOR-E), Atlantic Ocean Region West (AOR-W), Pacific Ocean Region (POR), and Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The system consists of the bodies shown in the figure below. Each region has its own SCC (Satellite Coordination Center), NCS (Network Coordination Station), and several LES (Land Earth Stations). The OCC is the nerve center of the system and is located at Inmarsat's London headquarters. The OCC provides round-the-clock coordination of all functions in the Inmarsat system. OCC

NCS

LES

SCC

LES

LES

Same as left

Same as left

Same as left

AOR-E Atlantic Ocean Region-East

IOR Indian Ocean Region

POR Pacific Ocean Region

Satellite

MES

AOR-W Atlantic Ocean Region-West

OCC : (Operation Control Center) SCC : (Satellite Control Center) NCS : (Network Coordination Station) LES : (Land Earth Station), same as CES MES : (Mobile Earth Station), same as SES Figure 1-1

Inmarsat Bodies

1-1

1-2

LES ID List LES

AOR WEST

AOR EAST

Perth Goonhilly

002

France Telecom Burum

012

POR

322

222

102 121

321

112

312

Blaavand

131

Eik

104

Sentosa Tangua

IOR

304 328

014

114

Nakhodka

212

Odessa

107

Maadi

103

Arvi

307

306

Umm al Aish

106

Fucino

105

335

Thermopylae

305

Jeddah

315

Yamaguchi

303

Santa Paula 118 001

Ata

101 110

Kumsan

310 308

Raisting

115

Beijing 116

Boumehen

208

333 311

Psary

211

316 314

Buitrago Laurentides

203 201

Sintra Southbury

210

* 032

132

Nonthaburi

319 Goonhilly

Goonhilly

Thermopylae

Singapore

044

144

344

244

NCS

*:scheduled

1-3

1.2

Inmarsat C Services

The Inmarsat C system provides the following communication services. That is, all LESs supports these services. (1) Store-and-forward Telex message service (2) EGC (Enhanced Group Call) broadcasting (3) Distress alerting and safety services The following services are also available if supported by the CES selected. • Ship-to-shore half duplex communication • Full duplex communication • Polling: Individual polling, Group polling, Area polling (The facility whereby an operational center sends an instruction to selected MES, to perform a defined task, such as return a pre-assigned data report.) • Data reporting (Data report, such as ship's position is sent regularly to a terrestrial subscriber.) • EGC Fleet NETTM service (Commercial service) 1) Store-and-forward Telex service

In the store-and-forward techniqne, data that is to be transmitted is converted into digital form, and sent in data packets over the satellite link, to be stored and subsequently forwarded to the called party when traffic loading permits. The following briefly describes how a MES sends a ship-to-shore message. The MES operator prepares the message in the text editor. The MES stores the message in its DTE, ready to pass it to the DCE for transmission. The DCE transmits a channel assigment request to LES. After receiving a channel assigment, the DCE starts transmitting the message in packets. The LES checks the receivied packets for errors, and if it finds any, returns an acknowlegement packets identifying the packets in error. The CES receives all the data packets with no errors, and forwards the message via public network to the intended desitination.

1-4

2) Communication services

TELEX: The MES can send and receive messages to and from a telex terminal connected to the international telex networks. The standard alpha-numeric character set known as Telex or ITA2 or 5-bit packeted. This character set is based on 5-bit codes, and supports only upper case characters, so any lower case characters entered on your MES will be received at the destination as upper case. Note that if the destination is a Inmarsat C terminal, this limitation is ignored. PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network): The MES can send and receive messages to and from a computer or E-mail service on the international PSTN (telephone) landlines. If the land subscriber uses a modem T30 FAX, the MES can send messages to the fax. PSDN (Packet Switched Data Network): The MES can send and receive messages to and from a computer or E-mail service on the international PSDN (data) landlines. These networks are also known as the X.25 networks. The Internet E-mail service uses this network. X.400 (Electronic Mail): The MES can send and receive messages to and from registered subscribers to E-mail services which use the X.400 communications standards (protocol) on the PSDN landlines. This service is not available yet. DNID (Data reporting Network ID): For a data reporting closed network, the owner/shipping company must register the MES with the relevant operational center. The center arranges with an Inmarsat-C CES to download data reporting network identification information, comprising a data network identification (DNID) code and a member number within the group. CSDN (Circuit Switched Data Network): This service is not available yet. SPEC: 2-digit codes Special service provided by a LES is accessible, using a special access code. Two-digit codes are examples of special access code. E-mail: E-mail can be sent through the LES which supports E-mail service. The MES must register with the LES at first time and use the mail format specified by each LES. 22.5k byte image file can be attached to the E-mail if the LES supports.

1-5

3) Code

IA5:

Known as ASCII, characters 7-bit codes. Supporting characters in messages sent or received using international alphabet 5. Specify this code to transmit English containing lower case alphabet.

ITA2: Known as 5 bit packed. International Telegraph Alphabet 2 supports only upper case. Specify this code for message which contains only No.2 international communications alphabet. ITA2 code is transmitted faster than IA5 code. Land-based telex machines use ITA2. The LES converts all codes into ITA2. Codes which cannot be converted is shown with a question mark. DATA: Known as 8-bit data format. Used when sending data. Message

Destination Network

Destination Type

Code

Inmarsat-C

TELEX

IA5

Telex terminal

TELEX

IA5

FAX terminal

PSTN

IA5

E-mail

PSDN

IA5

Inmarsat-C

PSDN

DATA

Telex terminal

not available

FAX terminal

not available

E-mail

PSDN

DATA

Inmarsat-C

PSDN

DATA

Telex terminal

TELEX

IA5

FAX terminal

not available

E-mail

PSDN

DATA

Inmarsat-C

PSDN

DATA

Landlines

PSDN

DATA

Remarks

English Modem Type : T30 FAX

Japanese

Russian

Data

1-6

Thermopylae only

1.3

Communications Network

The illustration below shows the Inmarsat-C network. 6 NCS/NCS

Network Coordination Station (NCS) 2 NCS/CES

Signalling Channel

1 NCS Common Channel

Signalling Link Mobile Earth Station (MES) 5 SES Signalling

Data landlines

Telex landlines

Land Earth Station (LES) or Coast Earth Station (CES)

Channel 4 SES Message

Channel 3 CES TDM

Channel

Data Circuit Terminating Equipment (DCE)

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) 7

EGC Received

8 Landlines

1) NCS commom channel

This channel is transmitted continuously (24 hours/day) by the NCS. All SESs must be tuned to the NCS common channel when not engaged in message transfer. Its main functions are; a. shore-to-ship message announcements b. ship-to-shore message announcements c. polling commands d. EGC message transmission e. login and logout acknowledgement 2) NCS/CES signalling link

This is the link between an NCS and all LESs in its region. Its functions are; a. establishing initial signalling link between CES and NCS to transmit via the NCS common channel b. forwarding EGC message to NCS c. forwarding NCS received distress alerts to LES. 3) CES TDM channel

This channel carries all signalling and message traffic to the SESs concerned with message transfer with a particular LES.

1-7

4) SES message channel

The SESs use this channel to transfer messages to a LES. Each LES has a number of SES message channels assigned to it by the NCS. Message transfer begins with the reception of a logical channel assignment packet. Allocation of SES message channels to SESs is done by the LES via the assignment packet. 5) SES signalling channel

This channel is used by the SESs to transmit signalling packets (channel assignment request, distress call, data reporting, etc.). Each LES have more than one SES signalling channels. 6) NCS/NCS signalling link

This is an inter-regional data connection between each of the NCSs. It functions for NCSs to exchange information about SESs currently operational in their coverage area. 7) MES interface

The MES consists of the Data Circuit Terminating Equipment (DCE) and the Data Terminal Equipment (DTE). In this system, the DCE consists of the antenna unit and the communication unit. And the DTE consists of the terminal unit (or PC). 8) Terrestrial network interface

The major functions of the LESs are; (1) Store-and-forward telex service (2) EGC broadcasting (3) Distress alerting and Safety services LES channel assignment

All LES channel assignments are made by the NCS in its region; the assignments can be permanent or demand assigned on the following channels. (a) CES TDM channel (b) SES signalling channel (40 CH max per CES TDM channel) (c) SES message channel requested by LES

1-8

Inmarsat C Channels and Signals Data Report Distress Polling Status Commission&Test Request Registration SES Status, SES Status Request TDM Assignment TDM Release Ack

Acknowledgement Acknowledgement Requset Bulletin Board Clear Data Packets Distress Alert Ack Distress Test Request Forced Clear Logical Channel Assignment Message Status Request Status Test Results

Confirmation Distress EGC Polling Request SES Status SES Status Request TDM Release Test Result

SES Signalling Channel

SES Message Channel CES TDM Channel

Data

SES Signalling Channel

Acknowledgement Announcement Response Assignment Response Clear Data Reporting Distress Alert Forced Clear Assignment Request Request for Transfer Status Request for Message Status

Network Coordination Station (NCS)

Interstation Signalling Channel

Data Report Distress Alert Initiate Call Log in Request Log out Request Message Status Request Test Request

NCS Common Channel

Land Eart Station (LES)

Ship Earth Station (MES)

The MES operates in the TX frequency band 1626.5 to 1646.5 MHz and the RX frequency band 1530.0 to 1545.0 MHz. The channel numbers are assigned in increments of 5 kHz as follows: Channel No.

TX (MHz)

RX (MHz)

6000

1626.500

-

6002

1626.505

-

:

:

-

:

:

-

8000

1631.500

1530.000

8002

1631.505

1530.005

:

:

:

:

:

:

13998

1646.495

1544.995

14000

1646.500

1545.000

1-9

Announcement Bulletin Board Confirmation Distress Alert Ack EGC Log in Ack Log out Ack Network Update Polling Request Status

1.4

Message & Signal Transfer

1. Ship-originated Call The following describes how an MES send a ship-to-shore message, using store-and forward techniques. LES

MES

NCS

Creating message Tunes to NCS CC NCS CC Decodes BB (LES network data)

Transmitting message Tunes to CES TDM Tunes to SES signalling channel

CES TDM

SES Sig. ch (Assignment Request) When LES is idle. ISL CES TDM

NCS updates data on this MES to busy.

(MES Status: busy)

Tunes to CES TDM (Channel Assignment) Tunes to SES message channel SES Message ch

(Message)

CES TDM Tunes to CES TDM

(Acknowledgement) CES TDM (Clear) NCS CC ISL

Re-tunes to NCS CC

(MES Status: idle)

END

ISL) Interstation Signalling Link

1-10

NCS updates data base (MES status changed to idle).

Ship-to-shore Message Transfer Steps

1. The MES normally receives via the NCS common channel, which contains network configuration information (LES frequency, etc.). 2. The MES tunes to the shore-to-ship CES TDM frequency for the required LES. 3. The MES sends an "Assignment Request" packet on a signalling channel associated with the CES TDM. 4. In response to the "Assignment Request" packet, the LES informs the NCS that it is communicating with the MES. 5. The LES sends the MES an "Assignment" packet. This establishes the link between LES and MES. 6. The MES sends the message on the assigned channel slot timing. 7. After the LES receives all messages it sends "Aknowledgement" to the MES. 8. This "Acknowledgement" packet contains a list of any packets that were missed or received in error. Reception of an "Acknowledgement" packet prompts the MES to retransmit any messages in error. 9. When all messages are received error free, the LES sends "Clear" to the MES and tells the NCS that the MES is idle.

1-11

2. Shore-originated Call The following describes how a subscriber to the public telecommunications networks can send a message to an MES. Call

Terrestrial subscriber

LES Check if MES is logged-in. Message

NCS

Stores all message. ISL

Check of MES status. • not in the region • Idle • Busy

(MES Status Request + Announcement)

MES

(MES Status) When MES is idle.

Tunes to NCS CC NCS CC Receives update on BB and tunes to CES TDM channel. And decodes BB & SCD.

ISL

(Announcement)

(MES Status: Announcing) Tunes to SES signalling channel

SES Signalling Channel (Assignment Response) ISL (MES Status: busy)

NCS updates data on this MES to busy.

Message Reception CES TDM Tunes to CES TDM channel Receives all messages and finds packets in error.

(Message)

CES TDM (Acknowledgement Request)

Tunes to SES signalling channel

SES Signalling Channel (Acknowledgement)

Retransmits any packets received by MES in error.

CES TDM Tunes to CES TDM

(Clear) NCS CC

Re-tunes to NCS CC

After 60 sec. ISL (MES Status: idle)

END

SCD) Signal Channel Descriptor Packet ISL) Interstation Signalling Link BB) Bulletin Board

1-12

NCS updates data base. (MES status changed to idle)

Shore-to-ship Message Transfer Steps

1. On receipt of the call over the public networks, the LES checks its MES database, to ensure that the MES is valid and logged-in. 2. The LES sends the result (MES status) to over the public networks. 3. If the MES is logged-in, the LES accepts and stores the incoming message. 4. The LES sends a MES status request over Interstation Signalling Link (ISL) to the NCS in its ocean region. 5. The NCS checks its database to find the status of the MES, and returns this information to the LES in a MES status packet over the ISL. (a) Not in the region (b) Idle (free) (c) Busy (not free) 6. If the MES is idle, the NCS transmits a shore-to-ship announcement over its common channel to the MES. 7. The MES receives the announcement and finds the CES TDM channel, to which it should tune. And then, the MES tunes from NCS common channel to the CES TDM channel. 8. The announcement signal contains the bulletin board and signalling channel packets, which the MES uses to select a slot in one of the signalling channels to transmit an "Assignment response" packet to the LES. 9. The MES transmits the "Assignment response" packet to the LES. This establishes the connection between MES an LES. 10. The LES sends a "MES status" packet to the NCS indicating busy status. 11. The LES transmits the message on the LES TDM channel to the MES. 12. After the message is transmitted, the LES sends a "Acknowledgement request" packet to the MES. 13. In response to the "Acknowledgement request" packet, the MES sends an "Acknowledgement" packet, which contains a list of any packets that were missed or received in error. Reception of an "Acknowledgement" packet prompts the LES to retransmit any messages in error. 14. After all packets have been received error free, the MES sends the "Acknowledgement" packet. 15. If there are no further calls, the LES begins the call clearing process by sending a "Clear" packet. 16. After receiving the "Clear" packet the MES synchronizes to the NCS common channel to go to idle status. 17. The LES tells the NCS that the MES is idle. 18. The NCS updates its data base to show the MES is idle.

1-13

Login and Logout

Each time the DTE and Communication Unit are turned on, the vessel should be registered with the Inmarsat C system to enable communications between vessel and CES. This is called login. If the vessel is not going to be using the equipment for a prolonged period it should logout from the Inmarsat C system so the vessel can be registered as inactive.

3. Log in LES

MES

NCS

NCS CC

Power-up Tunes to NCS CC

SES Signalling Channel (Log in Request) NCS CC (Log in ACK) ISL Updating ship list

(Registration)

Informs other NCSs.

4. Log out LES

MES

NCS

SES Signalling Channel (Log out Request )

NCS CC (Log out ACK) Deleting MES from ship list

ISL (MES Status) Informs other NCSs.

ISL) Interstation Signalling Link

1-14

5. Distress Alert MES

LES

NCS

( MES logged-in)

Tunes to NCS CC NCS CC Decodes BB (LES network data) Permanently assigned TDM Channel Tunes to CES TDM Tunes to SES Signalling Channel

SES Signalling Channel

(Continuous transmission on defined frequency)

(DISTRESS ALERT)

CES TDM Tunes to CES TDM

(DISTRESS ALERT ACK)

ISL (DISTRESS ALERT)

Records MES distress alerted

(DISTRESS ALERT ACK)

Demand Assigned TDM Channel SES Signalling Channel

(assigned temporarily on a demand basis)

(DISTRESS ALERT) Records MES distress alerted NCS CC (DISTRESS ALERT ACK)

ISL (DISTRESS) (DISTRESS ALERT ACK)

( MES logged-out)

SES Signalling Channel (DISTRESS ALERT) Enforces a log-in for MES sending distress alert. NCS CC (DISTRESS ALERT ACK)

Note) NCS Common channel includes the LES information, so the LES which receives the distress alert is automatically selected.

1-15

1.5

Different Classes of Inmarsat-C MES

Different Classes of Inmarsat C MES are manufactured as below. The FELCOM12 belongs to class 2 MES.

Class 1 MES This may be used only for ship-to-shore and shore-to-ship message transfer and distress alerting, but is not able to receive EGC messages. Inm-C Antenna

Transmitter

Receiver

Message Processor

Class 1 (no EGC)

Class 2 MES This is capable of two modes of operation (selectable by the operator): 1. As Class 1, and also capable of receiving EGC messages when not engaeged in Inmarsat-C traffic. 2. Ready for EGC reception exclusively, (and not available in that mode for Inmarsat-C message transfer). Inm-C Antenna

Transmitter

Receiver

Message Processor

EGC Message Processor

Class 2

Class 3 MES This has two independent receivers, one capable of two-way Inmarsat-C message transfer, the other capable of receiving EGC messages. So this class makes possible the independent simultaneous operation of both modes, via the one MES. In addition to the above classes, Figure 8-1 shows that EGC receives may be fitted as listed below. Inm-C Antenna

Transmitter

Receiver

Message Processor

EGC Receiver

EGC Message Processor

Class 3

1-16

Chapter 2 2.1

Channel Types and Signal Processing

Channel Types

A MES uses the following channels for the communications. 1) NCS Common Channel (NCS CC) 2) CES TDM Channel 3) SES Signalling Channel 4) SES Message Channel Details of each channel are tabulated below. NCS Common Channel MES signalling (Line control), EGC, etc.

Use

CES TDM SES Signalling Channel Channel NCS, LES MES signalling signalling (Line control), LES (Line control) to MES message Refer to section 1.3. TDM TDMA (Time Division Multiplex), (Time Division Multiplex Access) Continuous or on demand 1200 symbols/sec, 8.64sec/frame 28 slots 1200 symbols/sec (2nd Gen.SV) 640 bytes 15 bytes Every frame -

Contents Continuous TDM

TX method

8.64sec/frame 1200 symbols/sec 640 bytes Every frame

Speed Packet Bulletin Board Scrambling Encoding Unique word Signal process (TX) Permuting Preamble Interleaving Number of Symbols

128 symbols

128 symbols

-

-

10368 symbols

10368 symbols

64 symbols 316 symbols

SES Message Channel MES to LES message

SCPC (Single Channel Per Carrier) 1200 symbols/sec (2nd Gen.SV) 128 bytes -

128 symbols (192bits) 10368

TDM: Time division multiplex. A process for transmitting two or more channel signals simultaneously to MES over a common channel path by using successive time intervals (time slots) for different channels. TDMA:Time division multiplex access. A system which allows a plural number of MES to access an LES (NCS) over a single transmission line by assigning each MES a time slot on the TDM channel in which to transmit over. SCPC: Single channel per carrier. Enables assignment of channel for a call. Satellite

1.5

Hz z

1.6

H

Hz 4G

6G

4G

4G

1.6

Hz Hz

6G

1.5 GH

GH

GH

GH

z

z SE

z NC

z SE

CE SM

SS

ST

ess

SC

ign

DM

ag

om

all

Ch

eC

ha

mo

ing

an

nn

nC

Ch

ne

ha

an

nn

ne

l

el

l

el

NCS MES LES

2-1

Figure 2-1

1. NCS CC/CES TDM Channel The NCS common channel and CES TDM channels share a common overall structure. The TDM channels are based on fixed-length frames of 10368 symbols tarnsmitted at 1200 symbols/s giving a frame time of 8.64S. 10,000 frames are transmitted every day (8.64s x 10000= 24 hours). Each frame carries a 639 byte information field, followed by a flush byte (all 0s). The first packet in the information field is always the Bulletin Board (BB) packet. The bulletin board contains information on the network configuration and the correct frame number. 8.64sec (10368 TDM symbols)

TDM Frame

TDM Frame

TDM Frame 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Type

0

Length

1

Network Version

Frame Format

Packet descriptor 0 (gero) when in CES TDM

Frame Number

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

1

Frame descriptor

2-F

Sig Channel Count

E

Spare

Channel

Local

Spare

TDM descriptor Origin ID

Bulltin Board Packet

Status

Service descriptor

14

Services

Signalling Channel Descriptor Packet

Rnd Interval

Randomizing Interval

Check sum 14

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Message or Signlling Packet

Type

0

A C D S

Length

1

L AE Spare

Satellite Freq. Code

640

Indicating the channel of the signalling channel

28 × 2bit Slot State Markers

Check sum 13

Figure 2-2

2-2

Packet descriptor

2. Signalling Channel The SES signalling channel packet is always a fixed length of 15 bytes (120 bits). This channel is used for signalling from MES to LES and NCS. For example, the packet "Assignment Request" contains MES ID, LES ID, message size, and information of network to be connected. Further, short messages such as data reporting (ship's position, speed and course, etc.) is sent to LESs and NCSs on this channel. 8.64 sec

1

2

3

K

4

UW (64 Symbols)

26

27

28

Convolutional Encoded Data (253 Symbols)

316 Symbols (263.5ms) 370 Symbols

Figure 2-3 Signalling Channel Frame Format (2nd Generation Satellite, 1200 symbols per second) The signalling channel is based on the frame length of 8.64 seconds. Each frame is divided into 28 slots and the transmission rate for a burst within a slot is 1200 symbols/s for second generation satellite. There are two types of access to the signalling channel: reserved and unreserved. For reserved access the slot that is to be used by the MES is pre-allocated by the LES (Bulletin Board). For unreserved access the MES selects slot(s) unreserved for data transmission.

2-3

SES Signalling Channel Packet Types Packet Acknowledgement Announcement Response Assignment Response Clear Data Report Distress Alert Distress Alert Test MES Forced Clear Login Request Logout Request Message Status Request Test Request Test Result Acknowledgement Transfer Status Request Assignment Request

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Destination LES LES LES LES NCS & LES NCS & LES LES NCS & LES NCS NCS NCS & LES NCS LES NCS & LES NCS & LES

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P C

Type

Note) P: Priority (Distress, Normal) C: Continuation (Last packet in sequence, Another packet to follow) Type:Packet type Logical Channel No.: Communication Channel 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

1

P C

Type

1

MES ID

MES ID

LES ID

Logical Channel No. Packets

Service Depend Descriptor

Check sum Destination Descriptor

FILL

Check sum 15

15

3. Assignment Response 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P C

Type

15. Assignment Request

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1

P C

Type

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1

P C

Type

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1

P C

Type

1

Logical Channel No. Errored Packet No.

MES ID

MES ID

MES ID

Errored Packet No. LES ID

Errored Packet No.

Class

Errored Packet No.

Check sum

Version Number

Errored Packet No. Errored Packet No.

Check sum

Position

Errored Packet No. Errored Packet No. Errored Packet No.

P

Errored Packet No.

Nature

FILL

Speed

Errored Packet No.

DA PA CU

Check sum

Check sum 15

1. Acknowledgement

FILL

Course

15

15

6. Distress Alert

9. Login Request

Figure 2-4 Signalling Channel Packet Formats

2-4

15

10. Logout Request

3. SES Message Channel The message channels operate in TDMA mode and are controlled by the LES. Message channels are used by MESs to transfer messages to an LES. Each LES has one or more message channels assigned to it by the NCS. Allocation of a message channel to an MES is performed by the LES using assignment packets. Each message channel may be used by several MESs simultaneously engaged in From-Mobile calls. The message channel is quasi-continuous mode with variable frame duration depending on the length of the message to be transferred. A maximum frame length is 640 bytes or 5 packets. The first packet of a message contains a mssage header, destination address and message data. The remaining packets contain message data only. It takes 8.64 seconds to send 5 packets or one frame. The message can be up to 32k bytes, that is, about 50 frames can be sent consecutirely. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Packet No. 1 C R

1

C : Delivery Class (Immediate/Deferred) R : Confirmation Request

Length

Logical Channel Number Presentation Control

Message format (ITA2 or IA5)

Last Count

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Number of whole characters in last packet of message

Additional Information

1 Messagre Packet No.1

Data

127 128

Flush byte : all "0" Check sum

Messagre Packet No.2 256

127

Flush byte : all "0" Messagre Packet No.3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

14

Packet No. 2-5

1

Flush byte : all "0" 512

Messagre Packet No.4 Data

640

Flush byte : all "0" Messagre Packet No.5

640

Flush byte : all "0" Check sum 127

Figure 2-5

Message Channel

2-5

2.2

Signal Processing

1. Signal Processing Flow for Each Channel Message are processed on each channel as below. TX on SES Signalling Channel

TX on NCS/CES TDM Channel

TX on SES Message Channel

RX on NCS/CES TDM Channel

Message

Message

Message

RX signal

Scrambling

Scrambling

Scrambling

BPSK demod.

Convolutional Encoding

Convolutional Encoding

Convolutional Encoding

Adding unique word

Adding unique word

Detecting U.W. (Frame synch.)

Adding unique word

De-permuting

BPSK mod.

Interleaving

Interleaving

De-interleaving

TX signal

Permuting

Permuting

Viterbi decoding

Adding pre-amble

BPSK mod.

De-scrambling

BPSK mod.

TX signal

Packet detection

TX signal

Message

Scrambling

Data is scrambled by exclusive ORing original data with scramble generator output bit by bit. Scrambling prevents 0 from continuing excessively; if 0 continues, clock recovery would be reduced at the BPSK modulator. The scramble generator consists of an eight step shift register and polynomial G. Data Scrambling Generator

DATA G

+

+

OUT

(To encoder) Modulo-2 adder (exclusive OR)

G=X3+X4+X5+X7 LSB X0

MSB X1

X2

X3

X4

X5

X6

X7

(Shift Register)

Start state : 1000000

Figure 2-6

Scrambling

2-6

Convolutional Encoding

The end of scrambled bit stream data of 120 bits is affixed with 6 bits of continuous flash bits and sent to the half-rate convolutional encoder which consists of a 7 bits shift register (constraint length-7) and two polynomials. 126 bits of signalling packet input are encoder to 252 symbols. The first state of the shift register is all zeroes. +

exclusive OR

G1=X0+X2+X3+X5+X6

G1 Formatted (Scrambled) data

Coded symbols (To interleaver) X0

X1

X2

X3

X4

X5

X6

G2

Start state: 0 0 0 0 0 0

(Half-rate: Output of 2 bits with input of 1 bit)

G2=X0+X1+X2+X3+X6

+ exclusive OR

Figure 2-7

Encoding

Unique Word

The 252 symbols from the encorder is affixed with an unique word (uw) to be used for bit synchronization at the recorder. The uw is 64 bits in length on the SES signalling channel and 64 × 2 bits on the NCS/CES TDM channel. Interleaving and Permuting Encoder

symbol

UW

BPSK modulator or interleaver

(added)

Figure 2-8

UW

Interleaving and Permuting Encoder

The figure below shows the interleave matrix, consisting of 64 rows by 162 columns. Symbol data comes in column by column. Note that columns 0 and 1 are filled with unique words. Column 0 Row 0 1 2

1

2 ....................................161 1

65

10177

2

66

3

67

10177 10177

............... 62 63

Interleave Matrix

63 127

10239 10240

64 128

Bit stream UW 64bits

UW 64bits

1

2

3

Figure 2-9

...

64 65 ... 128

..................

Interleave Matrix

2-7

10177 ... 10240

The first 64 symbols of convolutional encorder output go to column 2, rows 0 to 63. The next 64 symbols to column 3, rows 0 to 63 and so on. The interleave block is transmitted on a row by row basis. The symbols in a row are transmitted in asccending order of column position; that is, the two indentical unique word symbols are transmitted first. However, rows are not transmitted in a sequential order; they are transmitted according to a permuted sequence. If the rows in the interleave block are numbered from i = 00 to i = 63 sequentially and the transmitted order is from j = 0 sequentially through to j = 63; then, i and j are related by i = (j × 39) modulo 64 1 st output j = 0 : i = (0 × 3S) modulo 64 = 0 2 st output j = 1 : i = (1 × 3S) modulo 64 = 39 3 st output j = 2 : i = (2 × 3S) modulo 64 = 14 Modulo 64 is the remainder of division by 64. Column 0 1 2....................................161 Row 0 1 2

1

65

10177

2

66

3

67

10177 10177

Permute Matrix

............... 62 63

63 127

10239 10240

64 128

.................

25 row

39 row

(Last frame)

0 row (1st frame)

Figure 2-10

Permuting

Preambling

The SES message channel is quasi–continuous therefore a preamble is added to aid acquisition. The maximum message length is 32k bytes (about 32000 characters), as about 50 frames can be sent consecutively. 2nd frame

n frame

1sd frame

(max : 50) 10240bits 128bits

DATA UW

...............

DATA UW

DATA UW

Preamble

clock regeneration : carrier recovery : 128bits 64bits all = 1

Figure 2-11

Preambling

2-8

BPSK Modulation

BPSK is a kind of phase modulation using a digital signal. Depending on carrier phase difference, BPSK is expressed as 0 or 1. Data signal "0" is not phase shifted; data signal "1" is phase shifted 180 degrees. H

L

L

H

L

BPSK modulator Carrier

BPSK modulated signal

Digital signal Phase change by 180°

Figure 2-12

no phase change

Phase Phase change change by 180° by 180°

BPSK Modulation

Frame synchronization

Detects a unique word. De-permuting

Demodulated signal is de-permuted and input to the interleave matrix. De-interleaving

Reassembles the message in the interleave matrix. Viterbi Decoding

Decodes the viterbi-encoded signal. De-scrambling

Scrambled signal is decorded.

2-9

Chapter 3 3.1

Block Description

General

Interconnection diagram of FELCOM 12 is shown below. Communication Unit: IC-212 and Antenna Unit: IC-112 are connected with a coaxial cable, through which receiving signals of 1530.0 to 1545.0 MHz, transmitting signals of 1626.5 to 1646.5 MHz, and power supplies from IC-212 to IC-112 ( +29 V for the transmitting and +18 V for the receiving ) are sent. The signal transmission loss of the coaxial cable in 1.6 GHz band is estimated to be 3 to 13 dB, so the cable to be used should be selected from specified cables in accordance with the cable length between the two units. IC-212 consists of REG, CPU, RF CON, and TX boards. IC-112 consists of an antenna board: ANT, a diplexer: DIPLEXER, and a helical antenna. GPS position signals can be received with an optional GPS receiver board (GN-74) installed in IC-212. The GPS signals are not only utilized for FELCOM 12, but outputted therefrom in NMEA-0183 format. Outputted are GLL, GGA, VTG, RMC, and ZDA.

IC-112

FURUNO

IB-581 • 5D-FB-CV : 30m • 8D-FB-CV : 50m • 12D-SFA-CV : 100m

DTE 1

KEYBOARD

PRINTER

COM 2

24V DC

DC24V ANT

COM 1

KEYBOARD

IC-302

IC-302

NP

NP

PP-510

DC24V

IC-303

IC-212

DC24V

NP

DMC 1

• IC-302 : Distress Alert Unit • IC-303 : Received Call Unit

DMC 2 BUZZER

* * AC/DC power

24V DC

GPS received board

supply (PR-300)

NMEA

NMEA-0183

DTE 2

I/F BOX (OP16-14)

Navaid

*

EGC printer (PP-505)

*

AC100/200 BATT 24V

IB-581 DATA

IB-581 or PC

Figure 3-1

* *

Configuration of FELCOM12

3-1

*: optional

3.2

Block Diagrams

1. Antenna and Communication Units -148 ~ -136dBW/m 2 RX : 1530.0 ~ 1545.0MHz

12 ~ 16dBW (20W) TX : 1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz

+1.5dBi

IC-112 +43dBm

-141.5 ~ -129.5dBm

DIPLEXER TX

RX GAIN DIPLEXER+ANT=33 ~ 38dB GPS) 29 ~ 38dB

RX

ANT

TX : -5 ~ +10dBm RX : -118.5 ~ -91.5dBm

TX : +29V RX : +18V

• D-FB-CV : 30m • 8D-FB-CV : 50m • 12D-SFA-CV : 100m

Loss : -3 ~ -13dB

TX/RX L BAND

TX : +8 ~ 13dBm RX : -120.5 ~ -94.5dBm

FAN

(on during TX) TX : +30V RX : +18V

TX TX : 28dB RX : -2dB

• +12V • TX ON • HPA ON

CB1

REG TX/RX L BAND HPA ON +5/15V

1575.42MHz

GPS RF CON

RX IF 50kHz

GPS TD/RD

• SYN DATA/CK/LE • HPA ON • REF CONT • TX ON TX S-DATA • 15.6MHz

ANT VOL/CUR

CPU • SYN UN-LOCK • AGC LVL

+24V

RCV BZ

DMC 2

DMC 1

PC / DATA

NMEA

DTE 2

DTE 1

IC-212

Figure 3-2 Block Diagram of Antenna and Communication Units

3-2

2. Terminal Unit (IB-581)

T. BOARD (16P0141) LCD

LCD control

CPU CARD (AR-B1374) VGA CARD (AR-B1041)

CPU 80386SX-33

Power supply for LCD illumination

IC-212

PRINTER

PRINTER (PP-510)

SIMM MODULE

×4

FLASH ROM (AT29C040)

BRIGHT

CONTRAST

DET 1

COM 2

256k

KEYBOARD

FDD (FD-235HF-7529)

KEY BOARD (BTC-5100C PS/2) ±5V/±12V

+5V

POWER (ACE-870C-B1)

VR (16P0145)

+24V POWER

IB-581

COM 1

2A

BREAKER

FIL (16P0144)

+24V

Figure 3-3 Block Diagram of Terminal Unit (IB-581)

3-3

3.3

Functions of Each Board

Unit

PCB Name

PCB Type

Helical ant.

-

DIPLEXER

-

ANT

16P0146

TX

16P0157

RF CON

16P0147

Antenna Unit (IC-112)

Communication Unit (IC-112) CPU

Includes a switching regulator power supply circuit with a 24V input which supplies +5 V, +12 V, and a power switching circuit; between +29 V in TX and +18 V in RX. ANT VOL detection circuit to detect short-circuits in ANT coaxial cable and ANT CUR detection circuit to detect transmitting power are also included. GPS receiver circuit

16P0149

GPS

GN-74

CPU CARD

AR-B1374

Controls printer, keyboard, main unit, and memory.

VGA CARD

AR-B1041 FD-235HF7529

Controls LCD.

T. BOAED

16P0141

POWER

ACE-870CB1

LCD FIL Keyboard

16P0144 BTC-5100C PS/2 PP-510

Printer Disterss Alert Unit Received Call Unit

IB-302

16P0150

IB-303

16P0150

I/F BOX

OP16-14

EGC Printer AC/DC PWR Unit

Consists of BPSK demodulation circuit, control circuit, transmitting/receiving signal processing circuits (by CPU), and input/output interfaces.

REG

FDD Terminal Unit (IB-581)

16P0148

Function Consists of two pairs of antenna elements different in length, generating a right circular polarization wave. An isolation circuit between transmitting and receiving signals. Its Isolation is: • TX → RX: more than 40 dB, • RX → TX: more than 40 dB. The loss in the pass band is less than 1.0 dB. Comprises L-band amplifier circuits for signal transmission (1626.5 - 1646.5 MHz) and reception (1530.0 - 1545.0 MHz). The operational input voltage is +29 V for transmission and +18 V for reception. The amplifier gain is: • -5 dBm (input) → +43 dBm (output) for transmission, and • +33 to 38 dB for reception. Consists of a switching circuit between transmitting and receiving signals, and a transmitting amplifier circuit (L band). • Transmitting gain: +28 dB • Receiving gain: -2 dB Comprises a reference oscillator: VCXO (15.6 MHz), transmitting/receiving synthesizer circuits, BPSK modulator, and amplifier and frequency converter circuits for receiving signals. • Receiving IF signal: 50 kHz, supplied to CPU board. • Transmitting modulation signal: S-DATA is fed from CPU board.

Remarks

Do not adjust any screws.

EE-PROM (U11) Having FID/RID Fan is on during TX.

Optional

Controls floppy disk drive. Power supply circuit for VGA CARD - LCD relay and LCD illumination. Generates ±12 and ±5 V by a switching power circuit from +24-V input. LCD A power line filter A keyboard Centronics specifications Consists of a button-ON detector of distress alert unit, a lamp, and a buzzer. Consists of a reception buzzer, a buzzer-OFF detector, and an indicator lamp. A circuit for converting RS-232C to current loop for the purpose of extending PP-505 cable

Optional Two units supplied

PP-505

A printer exclusively used for EGC

Optional

PR-300

An AC/DC automatic switching power supply

Optional

3-4

Optional

3.4

Antenna Unit (IC-112)

The transmitting signal from the Communication Unit (1626.5 to 1646.5 MHz) is supplied to Antenna Unit with an input level of -5 to +10 dBm. The signal is amplified in the ANT board  a C-class amplifier which amplifies an input of -5 dBm to an output of +43 dBm  , then sent through the diplexer to the antenna. The transmitting signal is an EIRP of 12 to 16 dBW. The antenna is a Quadrifilar Herix Antenna and radiates a right circular polarization wave. The antenna gain is 1.5 dBi. The receiving signal from satellite (1530.0 to 1545.0 MHz) is supplied through the antenna and diplexer to the ANT board, then amplified 33 to 38 dB, and output to the Communication Unit. The isolation between transmitting and receiving signals in the diplexer is more than 40 dB. The insertion loss of the diplexer is less than 1.0 dB.

RX : -148 ~ -136dB/m 2 (1530 ~ 1545MHz) TX : 12 ~ 16dBW (1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz)

ANT element +1.5dBi

U3 5V REG

RX : 1530 ~ 1545MHz

AN78L05M

FL1 Q1 ATF10136

Q2

Q14

AT41486

AT42086

U2 12V REG

AN7812F

TX28V

RX18V TX30V

-141 ~ -129dBm

6DFC-1550K-10

CR1

VR1 : BIAS

C30

HSMP-3894

TX28V

-1dB

2SA1213/2SC2837

12V SW

TX : 1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz C81

C70 R36-38 75/1W

DIPLEXER

MRF16030

Q8 MRF16006

Q7 PTB20078

FL2

Q6

U5

AT42086

INA10386

ATT -2dB

4DFB-1636G-12

U4 VR3 : BIAS

TX +8 ±13dBm ANT

Communication unit (IC-212)

RX -120.5 ~ -94.5dBm

Attenuation : -3 ~ -13dB (1.6G BAND) • 5D-FB-CV : 30m • 8D-FB-CV : 50m • 12D-SFA-CV : 100m

Figure 3-4 Block Diagram of Antenna Unit (IC-112)

3-5

RX -108.5 ~ -91.5dBm

VR2 : BIAS

TX -5 ~ +10dBm

DS1-20R1.637G

RX18V TX29V

+44dBm

Q9

×3

U1

T/R CONT

Q4/5 TX12V RX12V

ANT (16P0146)

T/R DET. µPC842G2

3-6

3.5

Communication Unit (IC-212)

1. TX board (16P0157) The TX board includes amplifier circuits and a transmission/reception switching circuit. The receiving signal from the Antenna Unit is supplied to the RF CON board through the transmission/reception switching circuit in the TX board. The switching loss of the receiving signal is less than 2 dB. The transmitting signal from RF CON board is amplified 28 dB and supplied to the Antenna Unit through the transmission/reception switching circuit in the TX board. TX (16P0157)

TX: 1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz

RF CON (16P0147)

TX RF

FL1 U1 µPC2709

Q1

Q2

AT42086

AT42086

DFC31R64P034BHA

C23 +5V TX ON

RX -120.5 ~ -94.5dBm

Ant.unit (IC-112)

HSMP-3894

RX: 1530 ~ 1545MHz

TX +8 ~ 13dBm • HPA ON • HPA ON

• +12V • +5V TX ON • HPA ON • HPA ON

REG (16P0149)

Figure 3-5

RX18V TX29V

RX RF

ANT

CR1

Block Diagram of TX Board

2. RF CON board (16P0147) A simplified block diagram of RF CON board is shown below. The RF CON board includes a 15.6 MHz reference oscillator, a PLL synthesizer local oscillator for transmission and reception, a BPSK transmitting modulator, and receiver circuits. In the transmitting circuit a carrier of 1626.5 to 1646.5 MHz is modulated in BPSK by serial data (S-DATA) which is supplied from CPU board. In the receiving circuit a receiving signal of 1530.0 to 1545.0 MHz is converted to a first IF signal of 90.05 MHz by mixing with a RX 1Lo signal of 1620.05 to 1635.05 MHz, and further converted to a second IF signal of 50 kHz by mixing with a RX 2Lo signal of 90.1 MHz. This 50kHz signal (TP2: 4Vp-p) is supplied to the CPU board and demodulated in BPSK there. Block diagram of RF CON board is shown on next page. RF CON (16P0147) TP2

RX: 1530 ~ 1545MHz

90.05MHz

50kHz

TX (16P0157)

(4Vp-p) 90.1MHz

CPU (16P0148)

PLL3 REF CONT

1620.05 ~ 1635.05MHz

15.6MHz

REF

T/RX L Band

PLL1/2

SW

1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz

RX18V TX 29V T/RX Vcc

TX: 1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz

S-DATA BPSK MOD

Figure 3-6

Block Diagram of RF CON Board

3-7

3-8

+5 /+12V

TX RF

+5V TX ON

+12V

HPA ON HPA ON

TX (16P01570)

RX RF

U7, 8 Q7, 8

DIV

TX ON

BPSK MOD

U7

U19

U40

Figure 3-7

890 ~ 915MHz

TX: 736.5 ~ 731.5MHz

U15

U10

U34

SUB PLL

MAIN PLL

U30

U31

U33

AGC

50kHz

REF (15.6MHz)

UNLOCK 1

SYN DATA, CK, LE1

REF (15.6MHz)

UNLOCK 2

SYN DATA, CK, LE2

REF (15.6MHz)

UNLOCK 3

Q10

U32

R122

TP2

VCXO

50kHz

REF CONT

U34 U10 U15

U10, 15, 34

U10, 15, 34

U33

TP1

GPS RF

U4 TCO-976X1 ( 15.6MHz)

DET

CR8

REF (15.6MHz) SYN DATA, CK, LE3

TP3

Q12

90.1MHz

2nd Lo PLL

U29

PLL IC: U10 / 15 (MC145158) U34 (MC145170D1)

U39

1633.3MHz

FL2

U28

FL6

Block Diagram of RF CON

TX Lo: 1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz

S-DATA

DIV

U27

FL5

90.05MHz

RX Lo: 1620.05 ~ 1635.05MHz

U18

U25

RF CON (16P0147)

U41

UNLOCK 2

UNLOCK 1

+5V TX

U24 FL4

TX: 1626.5 ~ 1646.5MHz

U23

RX: 1530 ~ 1545MHz

GPS: 1575.42MHz

HPA ON TX ON

S-DATA

REF CONT

15.6MHz

UNLOCK 2

SYN LE3 SYN LE2 SYN LE1

UNLOCK 1

SYN CK

UNLOCK 3

SYN DATA

AGC LEV

CPU (16P0148)

(4Vp-p)

50kHz IF (3dBm/1k Ω)

GPS (GN-74)

3. CPU board (16P0148) A simplified block diagram of the CPU board is shown below. The CPU board includes CPU1, CPU2, and interfacing circuits with outside. The functions of CPU1 are BPSK demodulation, and receiving signal processing, such as unique word detection, de-permutation, de-interleaving, Viterbi decoding, de-scrambling, and packet separation. The functions of CPU2 are communication protocol control, system control for operating units, communication with terminal units, and processing of transmitting data signal, such as scrambling, convolution encoding, adding unique words, interleaving, permutation, and adding preambles. The receiving 50kHz signal from the RF CON board is demodulated in BPSK and quantized to a 3-bit signal. That is, the demodulated output (H- or L-level) is expressed by 3 bits to indicate which level, H or L, is more probable for the output. For example, if all three bits are H, it means it is most probable for the signal to be H. This 3-bit quantized signal is processed in CPU 1 and then passed to CPU2. In accordance with the content of the signal, CPU2 delivers a message to the own ship and EGC message to terminals, or follows a protocol of communicative information. During transmission, transmitting data such as IA2, ITA5, and DATA (binary) from terminal units input to CPU2 through interfaces. CPU2 processes the transmitting signal and outputs serial data (S-DATA) to RF CON board, where the serial data is modulated in BPSK. RF CON (16P0147) 1.5GHz

Receiver

CPU (16P0148) RX: 50kHz

BPSK modulation

A/D DSP A/D 0/90°

PLL 1/2/3

15.6MHz

DDS 3 bit digital data

T/RX REF CLK VITERBI

REF (15.6MHz)

REF CONT

CPU 1

Signal processing

D/A

DTE 1 : IB-581 SYN DATA

I/F

DTE 2 : IB-581

S-DATA (TX)

1.6GHz BPSK modulation

SHR System control data (TX ON,HPA ON)

PC/DATA I/F

Detected data (PLL, AGC LVL) 1) RX Signal processing 2) TX Signal prosessimg 3) Communication protocol controlling 4) System Contorolling 5) Interfacing

NAV

CPU 2 Distress alert unit : IC-302 I/F

Distress alert unit : IC-302 Received call unit : IC-303

Figure 3-8 Block Diagram of RF CON and CPU Boards

3-9

3-10

15.6MHz

50kHz

REF CONT

50kHz

36MHz

TEST LOCK CARRIER

RAM (U53/52)

15.6MHz

Q

I

DEMODO DSP (U58)

RUN ERR UWDET

VITERBI (U54)

(U10)

INT

MRES

RESET 8MHz

0/90 °

DDS (U66)

RAM (U56)

ROM (U44)

D/A (U12)

BIO CONT

DMA 0 DMA 1

Analog PIN

Flash ROM (U26)

16MHz

P/S CONV.

TX DATA

Watch Dog Timer Power ON Reset

(U17)

SRAM (U27 )

CTC 0 CTC 1 CTC 2

SRAM (U40 )

S-DATA

INTP2

INTP0 INTP1

DMA 1 DMA 0

NMEA level converter

SIO (U33)

EE-PROM (U11)

TIM CRT TIM 1 TIM 0

SIO 1

SIO 0

PIO

Analog PIN

CPU 2 (U23) CPU 2

RTC (U36)

Block Diagram of CPU Board

REF DIV.

Dual port RAM (U41)

TIM 0 TIM 1 TIM CTR

CPU1

CPU 1 (U49)

SIO 0 SIO 1

INTP1 INTP2

INTP0

PIO

SRAM (U51)

Figure 3-9

ROM (U39)

RESET

REF CONT

8MHz

BATT

RESET

PIO (U13)

TX ON

ALARM driver

RS-232C Level converter BZ

ANT CUR ANT VOL AGC LEVEL TX LEVEL

UNLOCK 1 UNLOCK 2 UNLOCK 3

RUN ERR SYN HPA ON

Level converter RS-232C Level converter

A/D (U71)

DIP SW (S1)

NMEA-0183

SIO (U22)

RX MODE

RS-232C Level converter

TX ON S-DATA

RCV BZ DMC 1 DMC 2 DTE 1 DTE 2

NAV DEVICE

PC/DATA

GPS

CPU block CPU board consists of a pair of CPU1 and CPU 2 a demodulator, and a Viterbi decoder. Functions of each circuit are summarized as follows. CPU1:

• • • • • •

Data entry of a receiving symbol every RX CLK Synchronous detection by unique words Receiving data processing before Viterbi decoding Frequency adjustment control Synchronization control of TX CLK TX start timing control

CPU2:

• • • • • • • • • • • • •

Receiving data processing after Viterbi decoding Transmitting data processing Transmitting control Slot number control Synthesizer control Measurement of TX/RX level RF block monitoring Alarm processing Releasing alarm sound Clock control Data interfacing with terminals (DTE1, 2) and its data processing Data interfacing with DATA (PC) and its data processing Data interfacing with navigation devices (including internal GPS) and its data processing • Input/output control of distress alert unit (DMC1, 2) and received call unit • Polling and data-reporting • Forward and return ID handling Demodulator:

• Regenerates RCV CLK from receiving IF signal (50 kHz, BPSK signal), and demodulates to 3-bit quantized data. Viterbi Decoder:

• Decodes 3-bit quantized data which is supplied from the demodulator through CPU1.

3-11

Communication between DCE (Data Circuit terminating Equipment) and DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) The two units are connected by a serial I/O, using hardware that conforms to RS-232C, start-stop synchronization, and non-procedure protocol. Communications between DCE and DTE are in a free flow. However, DCE checks commands sent from DTE and returns its responses to DTE. For example, suppose that DTE sends a setup data to DCE and asks DCE for its various relevant data. If DCE does not return its response within 2 seconds, DTE resends the request command up to twice. Then, if DTE does not yet receive any response from DCE, DTE asserts a warning ' No response from communication unit ' and terminates the communication process. Communication parameters

• • • • •

Baud rate : 4800 Data length : 8 bits Stop bit : 1 bit Parity : ODD Flow control line : No (using TX/RX data line)

Signals between DCE and DTE No.

Command from DTE to DCE

Information from DCE to DTE

1

Changing EGC channel

Network information

2

Abort

3

Alarm stop

4

Finding TX message storage area

Current channel type Rx message data (LES, date, priority, size, etc) EGC message

5

Login

Login status

6

Logout

TDM Information

7

Forced clear

No. of RX message in DCE

8

Message transmission start

9

Distress alert

10

Start PV test start

BBER Available memory size for RX message in DCE MES status

11

TX channel

Current TDM type

12

Message delivery confirmation request

NCS in use

13

Common channel assignment

PV test result

14

NCS scan

Message transmission result

15

Distress alert test

16

Response for repeating

17

Message transfer

18

Self-test start

Message delivery information Request for repeating (distress alarm, distress alarm test) DCE information (Status, position, Self-monitoring, self-test result) Alarm (Print, command response, etc.)

19

Polling data

3-12

Chapter 4 4.1

Location of Parts

Antenna Unit (IC-112)

Antenna element

N-type coaxial connector

Reflector

Figure 4-1

Antenna Reflector

Antenna element and reflector removed

Note: Do not adjust any screws.

Diplexer cover

Diplexer

Figure 4-2

4-1

Diplexer

Diplexer cover removed

Cavity resonator

Antenna base fixing screw (Hex. socket head bolt : M6 x 30 4 pcs.)

Figure 4-3

Cavity Resonator

Antenna base cover

Antenna fixing hole (4xM6)

Figure 4-4

Antenna Base

4-2

Antenna base cover removed Antenna board (16P0146) Q7: Pre-driver (PTB20078)

Q8: Driver (MRF16006)

Q2: RX RF (AT41486) Q1: LNA (ATF10136)

Q9: PA (MRF16030)

U2: AVR (AN7812F)

Figure 4-5

4.2

U4: Circulator

Antenna Board

Communication Unit (IC-212) DMC 1 BUZZER

DTE 1

ANT DMC 2

24V DC BREAKER

DATA DTE 2

GND NMEA

Figure 4-6 Communication Unit, Rear Panel

4-3

Top cover removed ANT · RX:1530 - 1545MHz (-120.5 ~ - 94.5dBm) · TX:1626.5 - 1646.5MHz (+8 ~ 13dBm)

R21 (+12V ADJ)

REG board (16P0149)

RX 2Lo PLL (90.1MHz) RF CON board (16P0147)

TX board (16P0157)

U4 : VCXO (TCO-976 x 1 15.6MHz)

MOD:U19 MAIN PLL (736.5 - 731.5MHz)

Figure 4-7

SUB PLL (890 - 915MHz)

RF CON/TX/REG Board

Figure 4-8

TX Board

4-4

Bottom cover removed GPS board (Optional)

LED:CR2/3/4/5/6

U44:DEMOD ROM

U58:DSP FAN U66:DDS

U11:EE-PROM (Forward and return IDs memorized)

LED:CR7/8/9

CPU board (05P0148)

BT1:CR1/2 8L (BACKUP BATT)

JP 1

S1

U39:CPU 1 ROM TP4 TP5 (Used to measure Lissajous figure.)

Figure 4-9

4.3

CPU Board

Distress Alert Unit/Received Call Unit (IC-302/303)

Buzzer

Switch BUZZER board (05P0150) T.B.

Figure 4-10

IC-302/303

4-5

Chapter 5 5.1

Maintenance

PV (Performance Verification) Test

The PV test consists of the message reception test, message transmission test and distress alert transmission test. The results of the test appear on the PV Test Result display (see page 5-3). The MES-originated PV test proceeds in the following sequence. When an LES originates a test, the test starts from the step 5. Sequence

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Select PV test on the Test menu. The MES requests NCS to conduct PV test. The NCS acknowledges request for testing. The MES, upon receiving acknowledgement from NCS, goes into pending state. NCS selects a (not busy) LES to perform the test. The LES transmits a test message to the MES. The MES transmits the test message to the designated LES. The LES receives the test message. Distress alert testing. The MES transmits the distress alert transmission test, either manually or automatically. (The distress alert is automatically transmitted if it is not transmitted within two minutes after the completion of step 8.) 10. When the distress alert test is finished the results of the PV test are sent to MES.

5-1

Procedure

Be sure to Communication Unit is in idle condition and logged in before beginning the test. This test can only be conducted from the main DTE. 1. Press [7] to display the "option" menu. 2. Press [6] to display the Test menu. 3. Press [1]. Options Test PV Test Start Yes

No

4. Press [Enter] to transmit the PV Test request to NCS. Options Test PV Test Starting PV Test Process. Automatic test mode : Normal communication disabled. Do not press any distress button unless you are in distress.

5. Press [Esc] to return to the default display. 6. The screen displays "Current State: IDLE (pending!)" when the acknowledge signal is received from the NCS. 7. Testing begins and the screen displays "Current State: TESTING". 8. A to-mobile test message transfer and a from-mobile call the LES tests are automatically carried out. 9. After about 2 minutes, a test distress alert is initiated. 10. When testing is completed the indication "TESTING" is replaced by "IDLE". The test results appear on the Disp menu. (The next section shows how to interpret the results.)

5-2

How to display the results of the PV test

1. At the default display, press [F7] to display the Disp menu. 2. Press [6]. Options Test 1. PV Test 2. PV Test Result 3. Self Test 4. Distress Alarm Button Test

3. Press [2] key. The results of the PV test appear on the display. Options Test PV Test Result Ctrl + P : print ESC : quit Test Date & Time

97-12-12 01 : 58 (UTC)

Attempts BBER Shore - to - Ship Attempts Ship - to - Shore Attempts Distress Alert Signal strength Overall Result

First attempt Pass First attempt First attempt Pass (Test OK) Pass (Greater than Std level + 6dB)

Pass (Applicable tests pass)

4. To escape, press any key. The default display appears. The test result can be printed out by pressing [P] while pressing and holding down [Ctrl].

Interpreting the PV Test Results Display

Test Date & Time:

Date and time of test

Attempts:

Number of times the PV test was conducted.

BBER:

Bulletin Board Error Rate (%). "Pass" appears for no error.

Shore-to-Ship Attempts:Number of tests initiated by LES. Ship-to-Shore Attempts:Number of tests initiated by MES. Distress Alert:

"Pass (Test OK)" appears for successful testing.

Signal Strength:

"Pass" appears if Tx signal strength is greater than +6dB (standard).

Overall Result:

"Pass" appears for satisfactory completion of test.

5-3

5.2

LED Check

The table below shows LED state on the PCBs. : on

Board

LED No. CR 2

CPU Board (16P0147)

: blinking

: off

State

Function Blinks when CPU2 operates correctly.

(GRN)

CR 3 (RED)

Lights when CPU2 error is detected.

CR 4 (GRN)

Blinks when unique words are detected (on for 8.14 sec, off for 0.5 sec)

CR 5 (RED)

Lights when CPU1 error is detected.

CR 6 (GRN)

Blinks when CPU1 operates correctly.

CR 7

Lights during carrier signal acquisition and goes off when signal is aquired. (FFT)

CR 8 CR 9

(RED)

Lights when signal is acquired. (FFT) (GRN)

Lights during set-up process at power-up.

(ORG)

TP1

BUZZER

CR 2 CR 3 CR 4 CR 5 CR 6

FFT: Font Fourier Transform

U11 : EE-PROM

TP3 TP2

U44 : DEMOD ROM

CR 7 CR 8 CR 9

U39 : ROM

TP4 TP5

BATT

S1

Figure 5-1 Location of LED and Test Point on CPU Board

5-4

5.3

Check Points Board name

CPU Board (16P0148)

TP No.

Status

Signal

TP 1

GND

TP 2

GND 5Vp-p (1200Hz)

TP 3

Remarks

TX CLK

TP 4 DEMOD OUT

Rx waveform, during synchronization

TP 5 TP 1

RF CON Board (16P0147)

TP2 TP 3

4Vp-p

DC5V ~ 6V

50kHz IF

Rx waveform

50kHz IF

Rx waveform output

AGC Level

Rx IF AGC Level on status monitor display; 130=5V, 100=4V, 80=3V

GND

TP 4

Measurement of DEMOD output Oscilloscope Settings

• MODE : X-Y CONV • VOLTS/DIV : 0.5/DIV • TIM/DIV : X-Y Connections

CH1 ------ TP4 or TP5 CH2 ------ TP5 or TP4 GND ----- TP1 or TP2 Lissajous Figures

• When C/N in status monitor display is 40dB (synchronized); Two poles can be recognized. • When C/N in status monitor display is 35dB (synchronized); Two poles can be recognized. • When C/N in status monitor display is 28dB (not synchronized); Two poles cannot be recognized.

Note) The synchrozination is made when the C/N is 32dB or more. Figure 5-2

5-5

Lissajous Figures

5.4

DIP Switch Setting

External Alarm Setting All bits of the DIP switch S1 on the CPU board must be set to "OFF" position. If the switch is set to "ON" position, the received call unit IC-302 and/or the distress message controller DMC-5 cannot release alarm signal when a distress and an urgency (including EGC) message are received.

TP1

BUZZER

CR 2 CR 3 CR 4 CR 5 CR 6

Note that the distress alert unit IC-303 does not release alarm sound when a distress and an urgency message are received.

TP3 TP2

U11 : EE-PROM

U44 : DEMOD ROM

CR 7 CR 8 CR 9

U39 : ROM

TP4 TP5

S1

BATT

ON OFF 1

Figure 5-3

SW No.

Alarm type

2

3

4

CPU Board (16P0148)

OFF

ON

Remarks

1

Always OFF

-

Factory use

2

Always OFF

-

Not used

3

Distress

Output

No output

4

Urgency

Output

No output

5-6

5.5

Memory Contents Backed-up by Battery

Communication Unit: EE-PROM

TP1

U11 (M6M80041P) : EE-PROM Forward/Return ID programmed

BUZZER

CR 2 CR 3 CR 4 CR 5 CR 6

MES ID, Foward ID and Return ID is factory-programmed. When replacing the CPU Board (16P0148), remove the EEROM from the old board and put it on the new board.

U11 : EE-PROM

TP3 TP2

U44 : DEMOD ROM

CR 7 CR 8 CR 9

U39 : ROM U36

BACK UP • U40 (SRM20100LLM70) : SRAM • U36 (RTC62423) : TIMER

TP4 TP5

BATT

S1 JP1

U40

BACK UP ON/OFF

Figure 5-4

CPU Board

Communication Unit: S-RAM (U40) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

System Setup Menu --------[F8] EGC Setup Menu-----------[F8] NCS Channel List Menu --[F8] EGC Channel List Menu --[F8] PV Test Result --------------[F7] Distress Message Setup----[F8] Ship Position ----------------[F9] Ocean Region ---------------[F7]

[2] [5] [9] [9] [6] [1]

[4] [3] [2]

[5]

Terminal Unit: Flash ROM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

LES List Menu--------------[F8] Station List Menu ----------[F8] Editor Setup -----------------[F8] Terminal Setup -------------[F8] Auto Mode Setup-----------[F8] E-Mail Setup ----------------[F8] E-Mail Service List --------[F8]

[9] [9] [3] [4] [6] [7] [9]

[2] [1]

[5]

5-7

Memory for Menu Settings

FUNCTION key

Menu

Communication unit SRAM:U40 (Backed-up)

Stored onto; Terminal unit (Flash ROM)

Communication unit SRAM:U27 (Not backed-up)

Remarks

1. Transmit Message [F3] : Transmit 3. Request Delivery Status 1. Display EGC Message [F4] : EGC 2. EGC Network ID 1. Data Report [F5] : Reports

2. Message Report 3. Data Network ID 1. Send Message Log 2. Receive Message Log

[F6] : Logs 3. EGC Log 4. Log 5. Ocean Region [F7] : Options 6-2. PV Test Result 1. Distress Message Setup 2. System Setup 3. Editor Setup 4. Terminal Setup 5. EGC Setup 6. Auto Mode Setup [F8] : Setup

7. E-Mail Setup 8. Directories

FDD

9-1. Station List 9-2. LES List 9-3. EGC Channel List 9-4. NCS Channel List 9-5. E-Mail Service List [F9] : Position

Ship Position

5-8

5.6

Updating System Program

1. Terminal Unit The following describes how to change the terminal software.

*Terminal software number: 16501161xx

Note) Flash ROM is assigned to Drive A, and floppy disk drive to Drive B. Procedure

1. While pressing and holding down [Alt] and [Fn], press [F2]. "OK to quit system Yes/No" appears. 2. Select "Yes" with the cursor, and press [Enter]. "A: > FELCOM12", MS-DOS prompt display appears. 3. Insert the program floppy disk. 4. Type [B] [:] and press [Enter]. The prompt, B: > appears. 5. Type [I] [B] [I] [N] [S] [T] and press [Enter]. After a while, "It is completed to install programs to A: >FELCOM12." appears. And then, the message changes to "B: >". 6. Turn off the unit. 7. Insert a working floppy disk. 8. Turn on the unit. The normal display must appear.

5-9

2. Communication Unit The system program for the CPU2 in the communication unit is stored onto the flash ROM U26 on the CPU Board. Updating the software is made as follows.

*Program Number for CPU 2: 16501181XX U26 contains loader program and system program. Procedure

1. While pressing and holding down [Alt] and [Fn], press [F2]. "OK to quit system Yes/No" appears. 2. Select "Yes" with the cursor and press [Enter]. "A: > FELCOM12", MS-DOS prompt display appears. 3. Insert the floppy disk which contains CPU2 system program. 4. Type [B] [:] and press [Enter]. The prompt "B: >" appears. 5. Type [U] [P] [F] [1] [2] and press [Enter]. The message "About to update FELCOM12 CPU2 software. Press 'Y' to update the software to 165-0118-1xx. If you wish to cancel, press 'N' key" appears. 6. Press [Y]. "Loader Version 6.00 Erase wait: 0 sec Write wait:0 Wait counter = 100 TARGET power ON" appears. 7. Turn off the communication unit and turn it on again. "Execute STEP1, Execute STEP2, 233096 byte transfer Now Erasing xxx percent completed" appears.

Note) xxx changes from 000 to 100. 8. After about 5 minutes, erasing will finish with the following indication. "Finish version update. B: >" 9. Turn off the terminal and communication units. 10. Insert a working floppy disk. 11. Turn on the unit.

5-10

5.7

Replacement of Backup Battery

TP1

U11 (M6M80041P): EE-PROM Forward/Return ID programmed

BUZZER

CR 2 CR 3 CR 4 CR 5 CR 6

The life of the lithium battery on the CPU board is about five years. The longer the time when the unit is off, the shorter the life of the battery.

TP3 TP2

U11: EE-PROM

U44: DEMOD ROM

CR 7 CR 8 CR 9

U39: ROM U36

TP4 TP5

BACK UP • U40 (SRM20100LLM70): SRAM • U36 (RTC62423): TIMER

S1

BATT JP1

U40

BACK UP ON/OFF

Figure 5-5 • Battery Type:

CPU Board

CR 1/2 8L-F

• Code Number: 000-103-769

Note) Remove JP1 when replacing the battery soldered. The settings backed-up by the battery is listed on page 5-7. The figure below shows the outline of memory back-up circuit. JP1

U17 VBAT

U40

VOUT

VBAT

(CPU monitor)

(SRAM)

U36 (RTC)

BT1

J8-5

CPU (16P0148)

Figure 5-6

5-11

GN-74 (GPS)

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 6.1

Self-Test

The self-test is carried out at every power-up, however you can diagnose the communication unit by using the self-test menu at any time.

1. Self-test at Power-up The communication unit is checked for proper operation each time the power is turned on. The conducted tests are; (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ROM sum test RAM read and write test DP RAM read and write test EE PROM sum test VITERBI decoder test

At the completion of each test, a short beep is released. If an error is detected, a long keep is released and CR3 or CR5 on the CPU board will light with the following message(s). The self-test proceeds until the end of the sequence even if any error is detected. The CPU board must be replaced when an error message appears. Error Indications • TROUBLE:CPU1 ROM NG. • TROUBLE:CPU2 ROM NG. • TROUBLE:CPU1 RAM NG. • TROUBLE:CPU2 RAM1 NG. • TROUBLE:CPU2 RAM2 NG. • TROUBLE:CPU1 DP RAM NG. • TROUBLE:CPU2 DP RAM NG. • TROUBLE:CPU1 VITERBI NG. • TROUBLE:CPU2 EEPROM NG.

Note) Very important! EE-PROM (U11) contains Forward and Return ID. When ordering the EEPROM, ship’s name and serial number must be written down.

6-1

2. Seft-test by F7 Key (F7:Test) Procedure

1. Press [F7] to display the Test menu. 2. Press [6]. 3. Press [3]. The Communication Unit test screen appears. Options Test Communication Unit Start Yes

No

4. Press [Enter] to start the test. The message " Now Communication Unit testing" appears in blinking reverse video during testing. 5. When the test is completed the screen shows the test result. Option Test Communication Unit CPU1 165-0112-10X ROM OK RAM OK DP-RAM OK Viterbi OK

CPU2 ROM RAM1 RAM2 EEPROM GPS DP-RAM

165-0118-10X OK OK OK OK OK OK

Press any key to escape

6. Press any key to terminate the Communication Unit Test.

6-2

6.2

Description of Status Monitor Display

This section shows how to interpret the System Status Monitor.

File

Edit

Transmit

Date Time Position

EGC

Reports

97-12-24 06:12 (UTC)

Course Speed Current NCS Current Channel Current TDM MES Status GPS Status

LAT 35:00.00N LON 135:00.00E LAT LON DEG KTS 344 (IOR) LOGIN LES TDM LES TDM Busy 3D

DCE Memory

32818 Bytes free

Waypoint

Logs

Current State : TESTING TESTING -- RECEVING MESSAGE DCE Ver 0x Oct - 199x

Options

Setup

Position

BBER C/N Send Level RxIF AGC Level REF Offset Freq Synthe 1st-1 Local 1st-2 Local RX2nd Local

000 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK

Antenna Power Supply

OK

Water Temperature Water Current Direction Speed Depth

DEG DEG KTS

SYNC (LES) NCS : IOR LOGIN

StopAlarm

(38dB) ( 0) (133) ( 0Hz)

97-12-24 06:12 (UTC) LAT : 35:00.00N LON : 135:00.00

Interpreting the Status Monitor Display

Date:

Current date

Time:

Current time

Position:

Vessel's position (either manual entry or automatic input by navigation aid)

Waypoint:

Position of waypoint selected on navigation aid

Course:

Heading

Speed:

Ship's speed

Current NCS:

NCS which your vessel is logged in with

Current Channel:

Channel in use, such as NCS common channel, MES message channel etc.

Current TDM:

Current TDM (NCS Commom TDM or CES TDM)

MES Status:

Operational status of MES

6-3

GPS Status:

GPS signal status CST: Cold Start ACQ: Acquired; Almanac data acquired IMP: Impossible; Cannot receive GPS signal INT: Interrupted; Object interfering with reception of GPS signal ALM: Receiving the almanac 2D, 3D: Position-fixing method by 2 or 3 dimensions

DCE memory:

Memory not is used.

BBER:

Bulletin Board Error Rate (%)

C/N*:

Check of circuit status with LES, receiving circuit in Antenna Unit, RF CONV Board, TX/RX IF Board and CPU Board (DEMOD section). OK appears when figure is higher than 31.

Send Level*:

TX level check. At transmission, OK appears when figure is higher than 123. At reception OK appears when figure is lower than 32.

RX IF AGC Level*:

Check the RX circuit in the Antenna Unit and the RF CONV Board or TX/RX IF Board in the Communication Unit. OK appears when figure is higher than 80.

REF Offset Freq*:

Operating normally if SYNC lamp on Communication Unit lights during synchronizing. If it does not light check RX Synthesizer or REF OSC on the TX/RX IF Board. OK appears when figure is lower than 150.

Synthe 1st Local*:

Check of local oscillator on RF CONV Board.

RX 2nd local*:

Check of RX 2nd local oscillator on RF CON Board.

Antenna Power Supply*: NG appears for discontinuity or short in cable. Water Temperature:

Water temperature

Water Current Direction :

Tidal current direction

Speed:

Tidal current speed

Depth:

Depth of water

(*1): See "Analysis of NG display" beginning on the next page.

6-4

Analysis of NG Display CN/NG

NG appears, even if the equipment is operating normally when the satellite signal is weak. The CPU1 on the CPU board receives C/N data from the DEMOD circuit. If the signal level is below 31dB, NG appears, indicating that receiver circuit is defective, ocean region selection is incorrect, or blocking problem exists.

1530 - 1545MHz DIPLEXER

ANT

TX

Antenna unit

Communication unit C/N data (8bit)

RF CON

50kHz J10-4

DEMOD

RX sig.

CPU 1 (U49)

RX freq. offset data VITERBI (U54)

CPU

6-5

RX sig.

CPU 2 (U23)

To terminal unit

Send Level NG

Send level is calculated based on the current on the power supply line to the antenna unit. The current detector R51 locates at the output of the rectifier on the SW REG board. The signal detected by R51 is sent to U8, Q55 and Q51, and output to the CPU board as ANT CUR signal. On the CPU board, the ANT CUR signal is A/D-converted by U71 and delivered to CPU2 U23. Transmission sequences: The HPA ON signal generated by CPU2 U23 is sent to the PIO U13 and then the voltage controller Q52/U10 through U54 and U57 on the SW REG board. The voltage controller selects +29V for transmission, resulting that the current on Q51 increases and Q56 goes on to turn on the fun. The send level is more than 123, normally the maximum 255. If the level is less than 123, TX circuit in the antenna unit or the SW REG board may be defective.

Power trans

Rectifier

(T1)

+ 18V (RX) J3-1 or + 29V (TX)

Voltage control (Q52/U10) R61

R52

R51

R62

(0.05Ħ)

5V

IN

U8•FRC9083

Q57

Q54

J4-6 J4-5

ANT VOL

J4-8

HPA ON

J4-7

ANT CUR

Q55

Q51 J5-2 FAN Q56

SW REG (16P0149)

12V

FAN

J5-2

ANT VOL A/D (U71)

J9-7 J9-6

ANT CUR AGC LEV TX LEV

CPU2 (U23) HPA ON

J9-8

PIO (U13)

CPU (16P0148)

6-6

Antenna unit

Antenna Power Supply NG

RX+18V/TX+29V, supply voltage to the antenna is divided by R61 and R62 to generate a monitor signal ANT VOL. The A/D converter (U71) receives the ANT VOL signal and sends it to the CPU2. If the voltage is not within the rating, “NG” will appear to indicate short-circuit and/or disconnection. The voltage between J4, #6(+) and J4,#5(-) must be; RX; 0.91 to 1.01 Vdc TX; 1.45 to 1.49 Vdc RX AGC Level NG

CPU 2 (U23) monitors the IF AGC level from the RF CON Board. If the level is less than 80, the receiver circuit in the antenna unit, TX Board, or RF CON Board may be defective.

1530 - 1545MHz DIPLEXER

ANT Antenna unit

Communication unit

TX 1530 - 1545MHz

J6

U30,31

U25

U32

Q12

90.05MHz

50kHz

J2-4

U33 AGC AMP

RX Lo 2nd Lo (1620.05-1635.05MHz) (90.1MHz)

AGC LEV J2-17

RF CON (16P0147)

AGC LEV J10-17

CPU 2 (U23)

ANT VOL

A/D (U71)

ANT CUR TX LEV

J10-4

CPU (16P0148)

6-7

DEMOD

50kHz

REF Offset Freq NG

CPU1 (U49) receives offset data generated by the DEMOD and finely adjusts the frequency of the reference oscillater VCXO. Based on the received signal, the oscillation frequency of TX/RX PLL synthesizer is adjusted to 15.6 MHz ±150Hz. When the offset frequency is more than 150Hz, “REF Offset Freq. NG” appears, indicating that CPU and/or RF CON board may be defective.

1530 - 1545MHz DIPLEXER

ANT

Antenna unit

Communication unit

TX

C/N data (8bit) RX sig. CPU 1 (U49)

50kHz RXLo

2ndLo

J2-4

DEMOD

J10-4

RX freq. offset data

TXLo

TX/RX PLL SYN

VCXO S-DATA (TX)

15.6MHz

J2-1

J10-1

RFE CNT

CPU (16P0148)

RF CON (16P0147)

6-8

U10

D/A (U12)

RX sig.

CPU 2 (U23)

Synthe 1st-1Local, 2Local, RX 2nd Local NG

Synthe 1 st – 1 Local When the PLL (U15) unlocks, LD(Lock Detect) line becomes to “L” level. The CPU 2 receives the unlock signal and generates the NG indication. Synthe 1 st – 2 Local When the PLL (U10) unlocks, LD(Lock Detect) line becomes to “L” level. The CPU 2 receives the unlock signal and generates the NG indication. Synthe RX 2 nd Local When the PLL (U34) unlocks, LD(Lock Detect) line becomes to “L” level. The CPU 2 receives the unlock signal and generates the NG indication. UNLOCK 1 and 2 signals are also used to generate 5V TX ON signal which controls the TX circuit on the TX board. When the PLL, either of U10 or U15 unlocks, transmission is automatically stopped. TX Lo 1626.5-1646.5MHz

1626.5-1646.5MHz

TX

S-DATA

To terminal unit

BPSK

RX Lo

1620.05-1635.05MHz Q12

1530-1545MHz

90.05MHz

50kHz IF

Q25 U34 90.1MHz

PLL 3

U5

LD

730MHz

FL7

Q39

RX Lo

FL2

CPU 2 (U23)

J10-12/10/11

TX Lo U6

U15

UNLOCK 2

J2-11

FL1

CPU (16P0148)

900MHz

U6

LD

J2-10

UNLOCK 1

VCXO (15.6MHz) VCXO CNT

UNLOCK 1

DIV

LD

PLL 1 (SUB)

UNLOCK 3 UNLOCK 2

U10

PLL 2 (MAIN)

J2-12

UNLOCK 3

5V TX

RF CON (16P0147)

J7-2 U7/8

6-9

5V TX ON

TX (16P0157)

6.3 No.

Error Messages Message

Meaning

Action

1

Warning : Internal GPS UNIT failure

GPS signal could not be detected.

Replace GPS receiver Board (GN-74) or check cable between CPU, J8 and GN74, J2.

2

Warning : External NAV equipment failure

No input of NMEA 0183 data from navigation device.

Check navigation device connected.

3

No response from communication unit

No response.

Turn on or check the unit.

4

TROUBLE : ANT power voltage abnormality

Supply voltage for antenna unit is out of rating.

Check if antenna cable is shorted (Check antenna connector). If OK, replace SW REG Board.

5

TROUBLE: EE PROM ERROR

EE PROM is damaged.

Replace EE PROM with a new one having vessel's ID.

No ID number in EE PROM. Not registered with Inmarsat.

Replace EE PROM with a new one having vessel's ID.

EE PROM not installed.

Put EE PROM having vessel's ID.

6

7

TROUBLE: Invalid MES ID. This equipment is deffected, Please contact FURUNO. TROUBLE: Invalid MES ID . This equipment is deffected, Please contact FURUNO. → TROUBLE: EE PROM ERROR

8

TROUBLE: Synthesizer UNLOCK

Synthesizer circuit is faulty.

Find out which circuit is defective on "System Status Monitor" display.

9

TROUBLE: Remote cable short

Remote lines (BZ OUT-H and C) for IC-303 are shorted.

Check remote lines. (Check connector.)

10

TROUBLE: DMC 1(2) cable short

Remote lines (DMC IN-H and C) for DMC or IC-302 are shorted.

Check remote lines. (Check connector.)

TX current could not be detected by SW REG Board at transmission, that is, no transmission.

Check system status monitor for send level in ST-BY. If 255, check cable between SW REG Board J4 and CPU Board J9. If 0, check TX, ANT, RF CON Boards.

11

TROUBLE: Carrier power level

6-10

Appendix 1 Function

Menu 1

Menu 3

Menu 4

Menu 5

Short cut Key

1. New

Alt+N

2. Open

Alt+O

3. Close

F1: File

Menu 2

Menu List

Yes or No

Alt+Q

4. Save

Yes or No

Alt+S

5. Delete

Yes or No

Alt+D

6. Rename 7. Print 8. Format Disk

Alt+P 2HD(1.44MB) 2DD(720KB)

Yes or No

9. MIME (Decode) 1. Cut

Del

2. Copy

Alt+C

3. Paste 4. Insert (With Citation)

INS

5. Select All

Alt+A Search Word 1.Seach

Direction

Alt+F Forward

Search Start ? (Yes or No)

Back

Search Word F2: Edit

6. Serch or Replace

Replace Word 2. Replace

Direction Query or All

7. Goto Line

Alt+R Forward Back

Replace Start ? (Yes or No)

Query All

1. Top of Text

Home

2. End of Text

End

3. Go to Line

Line No.

8. Time or Pos. 1. Time Ins 2. Position 9.ChangeWindow

Alt+V

AP1-1

Function

Menu 1

Menu 2 Priority

Menu 3

Menu 4

Menu 5

Note

Normal Distress

Message File Station Name TELEX

Country / Ocean Code Station ID Country / Ocean Code

FAX

Station ID Modem Type T30/V21--Other

T30

Address Destination Type

E-Mail

Subject

No LES ID

Attach File CSDN

1. Transmit Message

PSDN

F3: Transmit

Country / Ocean Code Station ID

X400 DNID

Station ID

SPEC

Station ID

LES ID Confirmation Send Delay Option

Delivery Delay

ON OFF 00:00 Immediate Deferred IA5

Code

ITA2 DATA

[TRANSMIT]

Yes / No

2. Cancel 3. Request Delivery Status 1. Display EGC Message F4 : EGC 2. EGC Network ID

AP1-2

No LES ID

Function

Menu 1

Menu 2 Status

Menu 3

Menu 4

Menu 5

Note

ON OFF 1

Report Length

2 3 DNID

1. Data Report

Destination

LES ID

Entry (Yes/No)

Member No. Regular Interval

Interval Time Report Times Start Time 1

Activation Daily

Start Time 2 Start Time 3 Start Time 4

PIN Code Status

ON OFF

Station Name TELEX

Country /Ocean Code Station ID Country/Ocean Code

F5: Reports

FAX

Destination Type

E-Mail

Station ID Modem Type (T30/V21--Other)

T30

Address

No LES ID

Subject

CSDN

2. Message Report

PSDN

Country/Ocean Code

Entry (Yes/No)

Station ID X400 DNID

Station ID

SPEC

Station ID

LES ID Regular Interval

Interval Time Report Times Start Time 1

Activation Daily

Start Time 2 Start Time 3 Start Time 4

Report Contents

NAV+SEA INF

3. Data Network ID

AP1-3

No LES ID

Function

Menu 1

F6: Logs

1. Send Message Logs 2. Receive Message Logs

Menu 2

Menu 3

3. EGC Logs 4. Logs 1. Login 2. Logout 3. Abort

YES NO YES NO YES NO

4. Select NCS Auto West-Atlantic F7: Options

5. Ocean Region

East-Atlantic

Start (Yes/No)

Pacific Indian 1. PV Test

Yes No

2. PV Test Result 6. Test 3. Self Test 4. Distress Alert Button Test

Yes No Yes No

AP1-4

Menu 4

Menu 5

Note

Function

Menu 1

Menu 2

Menu 3

Menu 4

Menu 5

Note

LES ID Update Time Position Protocol

LAT LON Maritime

Fix

Undesignated Fire/Explosion Flooding Collision Grounding

1. Distress Message Setup

Listing Nature

Update (Yes/No)

Sinking Disabled &Adrift Abandoning ship Further assistance required Piracy or Armed attack

Course F8: Setup

Speed System Date & Time Auto AOR(WEST) Preferred NCS AOR(EAST) POR IOR MES Operation INMARSAT-C Mode EGC OFF 2. System Setup

Nav Port

EXT INT

Active Port

DTE 1 ALL DTE 1

Message Output Port

DTE 2 PC/DATA AUTO

EGC Output Port

DTE 1 DTE 1+DTE 2

AP1-5

Update (Yes/No)

Function

Menu 1

Menu 2 Text Mode Edit Mode Word Wrap Line No.

3. Editor Setup

Menu 3

Menu 4

Menu 5

Note

Telex Ascii Insert Overwrite ON OFF ON OFF 2 Cha

Tab Width

4 Char 8 Char

F8: Setup

Column Width Cursor Type Scroll

Telex(69 ) ASCII(40-80) Block Underline Full Screen Half Screen YY-MM-DD

Date Disp. Form

MMM-DD-YY DD-MMM-YY

4. Terminal Setup

Screen Saver Display Mode

ON OFF Normal Mode Reverse Mode

AP1-6

Fixed

Function

Menu 1

Menu 2

Menu 3

Menu 4

Additional Position Navarea Fixed Area Waypoint

ON OFF

Station Code Ice reports Meteo.forecasts Pilot service 5. EGC Setup DECCA messages LORAN messages F8: Setup

OMEGA message SATNAV massages Other navaid msg QRU (no message) Auto Log Print Receive Alarm 6. Auto Mode Setup

Auto Telex Msg Save

ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON

Auto EGC Msg Save

ON(No Print) OFF

AP1-7

Update (Yes/No)

Menu 5

Note

Function

Menu 1

Menu 2

7. E-Mail Setup 8. Directories

Menu 3

Menu 4

Menu 5

Note

Update(Yes/No) Message Directory EGC Message Directory Station Name TELEX

Country Code Station ID Country Code

FAX

Station ID Modem Type T30/V21--Other

1. Station List

Destination Type

E-Mail

E-Mail Address

CSDN PSDN

Country Code Station ID

X400 DNID

Station ID

SPEC

Station ID

Remarks

F8: Setup

Name 2. LES List

ID Remarks

9. Configuration 3. EGC channel List 4. NCS Channl List

Update(Yes/No) Update(Yes/No) Service Station Name Service ID LES ID(AORW) (AORE)

5. E-Mail Service List

(POR) (IOR) TO: Cc: Subject: Separator Attach File(MIME)

F9: Position

LAT LON

Update(Yes/No)

F10: Stop Alarm

AP1-8

ON OFF