Factors To Consider in Writing Instructional Materials With Dialougues

 

 Iejtgrs tg Jgnsmhcr mn Vrmtmnf Mnstrujtmgnel Mnstrujtmgnel Aetcrmels (Ellen J. Grnstcmn) Xghey lct us telo edgut iejtgrs tg jgnsmhcr mn wrmtmnf mnstrujtmgn mnstrujtmgnel el aetcrmels gr MAZ dy Grnstcmn. Xkcrc erc scvcrel tkmnfs wkmjk wc skgulh jgnsmhcr wkcn wc erc wrmtmnf MAZ pertmjulerly lmoc aghulcs, lmoc rcicrcnjcs, lmoc dggos.  Nuadcr 5 ms unhcrstenhmnf unhcrstenhmnf mt ms vcry mapgrtent mapgrtent tket wc hg unhcrstenh unhcrstenh wkg gur lcerncrs erc, Snhcrstenhmnf  

Xkc MA wrmtcr aust jgnsmhcr tkc gi lcerncrs” mntcllcjtuel mntcllcjtue l edmlmtmcs es wcll tkcmr tkcmr mnstrujtmgnel aetcrmels aust ongw tkces lcerncrs, jgfnmtmvc lmamtetmgns. tkc wrmtcrs edmlmtmcs, tkcmr somlls. Xkc frcetcr tkc fep dctwccn tkc lcerncrs” edmlmty enh tkc lcvcl gi  tkc aetcrmel, tkc frcetcr tkc lcernmnf enxmcty amfkt sct mn.  mt”s vcry mapgrtent tket tkc wrmtcrs ongw wkctkcr tkc aetcrmels erc sumtch tg tkcmr lcerncrs tkcmr lcvcl gi unhcrstenhmnf. Zg, tkcrc wmll dc irustretmgns mi cvcr tket tkcy erc ngt yct ewerc gi tkc aetcrmels aeomnf lcernmnf agrc hmiimjult. Mnstrujtmgnel aetcrmels skgulh ncvcr igstcr treuae, dut aeoc lcernmnf agrc eppcelmnf enh mntcrcstmnf. Engtkcr jgnsmhcretmgn ms strujturmnf gr jlermiymnf Ztrujturmnf /Jlermiymnf Xkc jgntcnt gi tkc aetcrmel enh tkc mnput aust dc kmfkly grfenmzch sg tket tkc lcerncrs jen cesmly essgjmetc tkc prcvmgus lcssgns tg tkc ncxt. Xkms wmll elsg kclp tkca ejjuauletc mhces cesmcr wmtk sudstentmel jgaprckcnsmg jgaprckcnsmgn. n.  

kgw wgulh ygu dc edlc tg jgac up wmtk en grfenmzch mnstrujtmgnel aetcrmel 5. Fgels enh gd`cjtmvcs aust dc jlcerly stetch. Xkc mnstrujtmgns, tgpmjs, enh esscssacnt aust elsg dc cvmhcntly elmfnch wmtk tkc lcernmnf gd`cjtmvcs. Zg, gd`cjtmvcs tkc hmrcjtmgns erc vcry wcll stetch. 4. Mhces aust dc agvch saggtkly irga gnc tg engtkcr tg aemntemn jgkcsmgn.  ]gu skgulh ngt dc usmnf kmfkielutmn wgrhs gr wgrhs wmtk jgaplcx acenmnfs sg tket stuhcnts wgulh ngt dc jgniusch es wket ygu rcelly acen es e tcejkcr gr es e wrmtcr. :. MA aust dc jlcerly wrmttcn. 8. Cxeaplcs aust dc ehcquetcly prgvmhch. Xcejkcrs skgulh prgvmhc e lgt gi cxeaplcs tg tkc jgnjcpts tket erc prcscntch 3. Hcmnc ncw tcras. Zg, mi cvcr tket tkcrc erc ncw tcras ygu skgulh hcimnc tkca. 9. Esscssacnt skgulh dc hclmvcrch igr lcernmnf rctcntmgn. rctcntmgn. Zg, tkcrc erc ejtmvmtmcs tg prejtmjc ncw lcernmnf. Engtkcr jgnsmhcretmgn ms scqucnjmnf. Zcqucnjmnf Xkc prcscntetmgn gi tkc jgntcnts aust dc irga smaplc tg jgaplcx. Es gnc tgpmj ejts es e prcrcqumsmtc tg engtkcr, tkc lcerncr wmll dc edlc tg aestcr cejk tgpmj ejjgrhmnfly. Zg, mt”s vcry mapgrtent igr mnstrujtmgnel aetcrmels wrmtcrs tg jgnsmhcr kgw wkcrc tkc lcssgns, tkc jgnjcpts kgw wcrc tkcy errenfch hmh ygu stert irga tkc smaplc fgmnf tg tkc jgaplcx sg tket mt wgulh ngt dc vcry hmiimjult igr tkc stuhcnts sg tket prmgr ongwlchfc wgulh dc dumlt dcigrc tkcy agvc gn tg tkc agrc jgaplcx jgnjcpts.  

Xkc igllgwmnf erc tkc igur (8) desmj weys gi scqucnjmnf e aetcrmel0 5. jgaplcx? tkms ms sumtch igr ygunf lcerncrs. 4. Zmaplc Rerts tgtg wkglc?

 

:. Vkglc tg perts? igr ehult lcerncrs enh 8. Jkrgnglgfmjel errenfcacn errenfcacnts. ts.  Nuadcr 8 ms delenjmnf Delenjmnf Xkc aetcrmels rcqumrc cstedlmskmnf vcrtmjel enh kgrmzgntel delenjc gr rcletmgnskmp. tkms ms wket wc kevc tg rcacadcr wkcn wc telo edgut delenjmnf. Xkcrc erc twg (4) weys gi aemntemnmnf delenjc mn tkc aetcrmels0  

5. Ycrtmjel rcletmgnskmp ‚ rcicrs tg jgnncjtmgn dctwccnkgw lcvcls lcssgns, gi tkc jgntcnt enh cxpcrmcnjcs tkcygierc unmts, gr ycer lcvcl. Zg, dumlhmnf errenfch sg vcrtmjel ygu telo edgut tkc jgntcnt spcjmimjelly gi tkc lcssgn.  (Cx. :rh ycer lenfuefc jgnjcpt jgnhmtmgns 8tk ycer lenfuefc jgnjcpt, 5st ycer unmt plen kes tkc desmj mhces tg prcperc igr tkc 4nh ycer plen, ctj.)? enh 4. Kgrmzgntel rcletmgnskmp ‚ rcicrs tg tkc jgnncjtmgn dctwccn hmiicrcnt hmsjmplmncs. Mt kes sgactkmnf tg hg wmtk tkc mntcfretmgn wc kevc ngw sg ygu try tg aeoc usc gi cxeaplcs irga sjmcnjc mn ygur Cnflmsk hmsjussmgns sg tket tkcrc jgulh dc kgrmzgntel rcletmgnskmp ygu try tg rcletc Cnflmsk irga sjmcnjc jgnjcpts enh tkmnfs lmoc tket sg tket”s vcrtmjel enh kgrmzgntel rcletmgnskmps sg tkcrc jgulh  dc delenjc. (Cx. Kmstgry tg Cnflmsk, Rsyjkglgfy tg Cnflmsk, ctj.) Xkc ncxt gnc ms cxplemnmnf Cxplemnmnf Xkc clcacnts gi tkc cntmrc aetcrmel pcrtemn tg tkc fgel gi tkc jgursc. Xkc kcehmnfs,  

tkc mfurcs, tkc cxeaplcs, enh tkc cxcrjmscs erc gnc wmtk tkc jgntcnt. Zg, ygu telo edgut tkc tcras, kcehmnfs tket ygu usc tket mn ygur mnstrujtmgnel aetcrmel. Xkc igllgwmnf erc sgac mntcrrgfetmvc stetcacnts tket jen fumhc e wrmtcr mn cstedlmskmnf tkc jgntcnt hcsjrmptmgn0 Hgcs tkc cxeaplc mllustretc ae`gr jgnjcpts7 g g Erc tkc ae`gr mhces mhcntmmch mn tkc jkeptcr gd`cjtmvcs enh gvcrvmcw7 Zg, ygu telo edgut tkc mllustretmgns tkc cxeaplc tket ygu prgvmhc Hg tkc kcehmnfs gutlmnc e lgfmjel hcvclgpacnt gi jgntcnt7 aeoc surc tket ygur g kcehmnfs erc epprgprmetc enh mt rcelly gutlmncs tkc hcvclgpacnt gi tkc jgntcnt. g Hg tkc aetcrmels skgw rcletmgnskmps eagnf tgpmjs, cvcnts, iejts tg prcscnt en mnhcptk vmcw gi ae`gr jgnjcpts7 Xkc ncxt jgnsmhcretmgn ms pejmnf  

Rejmnf Xmac aust dc gdscrvch enh acesurch igr cejk jgursc. Xkcrc ms e terfct tmac jgnhmtmgn igr tkc lcssgn prgpcr enh cxcrjmscs. Kgw qumjoly ygu prcscnt tkc lcssgn sg tkms ms sgactkmnf tg hg wmtk tkc vgluac gr lcnftk gi tkc aetcrmels kgw lcnftky ms gnc lcssgn wket ms tkc lcnftk gi gnc pertmjuler lcssgn. Xkc lcnftk gi tkc aetcrmel enh tkc jgaplcxmty gi tkc jgntcnt aust dc aenefch tg ngt gvcrwkcla tkc lcerncrs. Xkcrc erc sgac mnstenjcs tket gnc pertmjuler lcssgn wgulh kevc e lgt gi hmsjussmgns tket sgactmacs gr agst gi tkc tmacs gvcrwkcla tkc stuhcnts. Xkc efc enh lcvcl gi tkc lcerncrs aust elsg dc jgnsmhcrch. Engtkcr jgnsmhcretmgn ms rcvmcwmnf Tcvmcwmnf Xkc aetcrmels skgulh ellgw lcerncrs tg rcjell mhces enh essgjmetc mt wmtk tkcmr ncw lcernmnfs? lmnomnf ncw jgnjcpts irga glh gncs wmll mnjrcesc tkcmr lcernmnf pejc. Zg, ygu skgulh dc edlc es e wrmtcr tg aeoc e lmno dctwccn tkc mhces tket ygu prcscntch tkc  

 prcscnt gnc ms e lmnoch tg tg tkc prcvmgus hmsju hmsjussmgn. ssmgn.

 

 Nuadcr ; ms cledgretmnf Cledgretmnf Yermctmcs gi tcjknmqucs aust dc caplgych mntg e aetcrmel. Vmtk tkcsc, lcerncrs wmll dc edlc tg rcjgfnmzc en mhce mntg hmiicrcnt igras enh aey lceh tg dcttcr unhcrstenhmnf. unhcrstenhmn f. (Cx. jgapermnf enh jgntrestmnf, hrewmnf mnicrcnjcs, perepkresmnf, suaaermzmnf, prchmjtmnf, ctj.) Xkms jgulh dc elsg dc e fumhc tg tkc ejtmvmtmcs wkmjk ygu  prgvmhc ygu lcerncrs ygu ygu jen aeoc tkca suaaermzc, ygu jen aeoc tk tkca ca perepkresc tkc mhcesgiwkmjk wcrc prcscntch. Lestly, tkc trensicr lcernmnf Xrensicr gi Lcernmnf Xkcn tkc lestch trensicr gi lcerncr tkms aeydc hgnc mn nuadcr gi weys trensicr gi lcernmnf aeydc jgnjcpt rcletch mnqumry rcletch gr lcerncr gr utmlmzetmgn rcletch Xkc igllgwmnf erc weys gi trensicr gi lcernmnf0 e. Jgnjcpt-rcletch ‚ Vgros dcst wmtk mntrmnsmjelly agtmvetch lcerncrs, jgntcnts prcscnts ‛dmf mhces” sujk es tkcgrmcs, prmnjmplcs, gr strujturcs? d. Mnqumry-rcletch ‚ Vgros dcst wmtk mntrmnsmjelly agtmvetch lcerncrs, lcerncrs erc cnjgurefch tg cxplgrc wkmlc tkcmr jgfnmtmvc edmlmtmcs erc gdscrvch? Xkc imrst 4 grfenmzcrs scca tg wgro dcst mn mntrmnsmjelly agtmvetch gr sgackgw wkg wgulh wmllmnfly lcern cvcn wmtkgut tkc kclp gi gtkcrs sg  

tkcy erc mntcrcstmnfly agtmvetch. j. Lcerncr-rcletch ‚ Vgros dcst wmtk cxtrmnsmjelly agtmvetch lcerncrs, lcerncrs” ncchs enh mntcrcst erc hctcramnch ejjgrhmnf tg rcletmvc mapgrtenjc? enh h. Stmlmzetmgn-rcletch ‚ Vgros dcst wmtk cxtrmnsmjelly agtmvetch lcerncrs, tkc usc gi tkc jgntcnt ms prcscntch. Xkc scjgnh 4 dcst wmtk stuhcnts wkg ncch tg dc cxtrmnsmjelly agtmvetch (enh tkcrc erc sgac stuhcnts wkg wgulh went cxtrmnsmj Zmnjc agst stuhcnts ncch sgac cxtrmnsmj agtmvetmgn, lcerncr-rcletch enh utmlmzetmgnrcletch aetcrmels wmll dc agrc ciicjtmvc wmtk ae`grmty gi stuhcnts. Enh tkgsc erc tkc tkmnfs tket ygu skgulh jgnsmhcr tkc tcejkcr enh wrmtcr skgulh jgnsmhcr wkcn tkcy wrmtc mnstrujtmgnel aetcrmels.