F4 Physics Paper 3 Section B Experiments

EXAMPLE QUESTIONS FOR PHYSICS PAPER 3 Chapter 2 1. Diagram 3 shows two catapults A and B made from same catapult rubber. Difference forces are applied on the catapults.

Base on the information and observation above: (a) State one suitable inference. [1 mark] (b) State one suitable hypothesis. [1 mark] (c) With the use of apparatus such as spring, retort stands and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). (i) The aim of the experiment (ii) The variables in the experiment (iii) The list of apparatus and materials (iv) The arrangement of the apparatus (v) The procedure of the experiment. (vi) Describe how to control the manipulated variables and how to measure the responding variables. (vii) The way to tabulate the data. (viii) The way to analyse the data [10 marks] Answers: (a) The length of catapult rubber depends on the force (b) The bigger the force, the longer the extension of the catapult rubber (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the force and extension of a spring (ii) Manipulated variable : Force Responding variable : Extension Constant variable : Length of the spring//diameter of the spring//type of spring (iii) Spring, retort stand, ruler, slotted weight (iv) State a functionable arrangement of the apparatus (v) Measure the initial length of the spring, l1 (vi) Put one slotted mass, 20 g at the end of the spring. (vii) Measure the length of the spring, l2 (viii) Calculate extension of the spring, x = l2 – l1 (ix) Repeat the experiment for the mass 40g, 60g, 80g, 100g. (x) Tabulate the data

Plot graph of extension /length of spring against force/mass

2. A boy pushes the boxes along a level walkway as shown in Diagram 3.1. The boy experiences that the boxes on trolley move slowly. When the boy removes two of the boxes as shown in Diagram 4.2, he experiences that the trolley move faster than before although the same force was applied, 8 N.

Based on the information and observation above : (a) State one suitable inference. [1 mark] (b) State one suitable hypothesis. [1 mark] (c) With the use of apparatus such as a trolley, ticker timer, ticker tape, elastic cord and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b). In your description, state clearly the following : (i) The aim of the experiment (ii) The variables in the experiment (iii) The list of apparatus and materials (iv) The arrangement of the apparatus (v) The procedure of the experiment. (vi) Describe how to control the manipulated variables and how to measure the responding variables. (vii) The way to tabulate the data. (viii) The way to analyse the data [10 marks] Answers: (a) Acceleration is influenced by the mass (b) When the mass increased, the acceleration will be decreased. (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the acceleration and the mass. (ii) Manipulated variable : mass, m Responding variable : acceleration, a Constant : Force applied (iii) 5 Trolleys, ticker timer, ticker tape, a rubber band, a wooden runway, 12 V a.c power supply, ruler (iv)

(v) The ticker-timer is switched on and a trolley (of 1 kg) is pulled using a rubber band. The extension of the rubber band is ensured to be of the same length. Acceleration of the trolley is calculated using the tickertape. a = ( v-u ) / t. Procedure 2 and Procedure 3 are repeated using 2, 3, 4 and 5 trolleys (vi)

The experiment is repeated by lowering the rod to different depths, i.e,h = 6.0 cm, 7.0 cm, 8.0 cm and 9.0 cm (vi) Tabulate the data :

CHAPTER 3 3. A man who is fishing, pulled out a fish out of the water as shown in Diagram 3.1. It becomes more difficult to pull out the fish out of the water and the rod is getting bender in Diagram 3.2.

4. Diagram 3.1 shows a diver is diving into the sea. Diagram 3.2 shows a diver is diving into the swimming pool. They are at the same depth but the diver in Diagram 3.1 feel that his ear was sick.

Based on the information and your observation above: (a) State one suitable inference. (b) State one suitable hypothesis. (c) With the use of apparatus such as measuring cylinder, spring balance, metal rod and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b) Answer: (a) The buoyant force can be determined by finding the weight of water displaced (b) The more the rod is immersed, the lower the reading on the spring balance (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between weight of water displaced and the buoyant force (ii) Manipulated : length of rod below the liquid level Responding : weight/ loss in weight Constant : Density of liquid (iii) Beaker, rod, spring balance, metre rule (iv)

(v) A rod which is 10 cm long is marked at intervals of 1 cm and suspended from the hook of a spring balance. The experiment is started by lowering the rod to depth of 5.0 cm and reading on the spring balance, W is recorded. The length of rod below the liquid level is measured and the reading on the spring balance is recorded.

Based on the observation above and your knowledge of pressure in liquid; (a) State one suitable inference. (b) State one suitable hypothesis. (c) With the use of apparatus such as thistle funnel, meter ruler and others, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b) Answer: (a) The density of the water affects the pressure (b) As the density increase , the different level/pressure increase. (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the density of liquid and the pressure/ different level. (ii) MV : density RV : pressure //different level CV : Depth (iii) Tall beaker, small thistle funnel, flexible tube, manometer, meter rule, retort stand, liquids (iv)

(iv) List of apparatus and materials Measuring cylinder, a metal rod, spring balance and metre rule, beaker, water, retord stand (v) Arrangement of apparatus

(v) Insert the thistle funnel vertically down to the bottom of the beaker of liquid density of 1.2 gcm-3 Measure the different level in manometer, l. Repeat the experiment 4 time using another liquid with different density such as 1.5 gcm-3. 2.0 gcm-3, 3.0 gcm-3 3.5 gcm-3 and 4.0 gcm-3 (vi) Record the data

(vi) Procedure - The meter rule was clipped to the retort stand beside of the iron bar. - The height of the iron bar is set at h = 20.0 cm. - The iron bar is immersed into the water. The reading of the spring balance is recorded. 4. Step 2 and 3 is repeated for the height, h= 25.0 cm, 30.0cm, 35.0 cm and 40.0 cm. (vii) Tabulation of data

(vii) Plot graph pressure against density. 5. Diagram 3.1 shows an aluminium foil which has been shaped into a boat and put into a water container. Diagram 3.2 shows the same piece of aluminium foil that has been crumpled and put into the same water container.

Based on the above information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference. (b) State one suitable hypothesis. (c) With the use of apparatus such as a measuring cylinder, a metal rod, spring balance and other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). answer: (a) The different shape of platisicine , give different buoyant force (b) When the surface area increase, the buoyant force increase (c) Aim of experiment : To determine the buoyant force acting on an object in different states of flotation (i) Manipulated variable: Height of the iron bar (ii) Responding variable:Reading of the spring balance (iii) Fixed/ constant variables:Volume of the water

(viii) Analysis of data: Draw a graph of weight, W against height, h

CHAPTER 4 6. Diagram 3.1 shows a half glass of hot coffee that is left for ten minutes. Diagram 3.2 shows a full glass of similar hot coffee that is left for the same time. It is notice that the hot coffee in Diagram 3.1 cools down faster than Diagram 3.2.

Based on the information and observation above: (a) State one suitable inference.

(b) State one suitable hypothesis. (c) With the use of apparatus such as immersion heater, beaker and other apparatus, describe an experiment framework to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). Answer: (a) The change in temperature of water depends on its volume / mass (b) When the volume / mass increases, change in temperature decreases (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the volume / mass and temperature (ii) Manipulated variable : volume / mass of water Responding variable : change in temperature Fixed variable : heating time (iii) Power supply, immersion heater, connecting wires, beaker, stirrer, thermometer, water, measuring cylinder / balance , heater and stop watch (iv)

(v) 20 cm3 of water is heated by an immersion heater for 5 minutes. Final temperature is recorded after 5 minutes. Repeat step 1 and 2 using 40 cm3, 60 cm3, 80 cm3 and 100 cm3 of water. (vi)

Based on the information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference (b) State one suitable hypothesis (c) With the use of apparatus such as a Bourdon gauge and the other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). answer: (a) The force // weight affects the volume of the gas The pressure affects the volume of the gas (b) When the pressure of a fixed mass of gas decreases , the volume of the gas increases//The bigger the acting force the smaller the volume of the gas // The bigger the acting force the smaller the volume of the gas // The greater the weight the smaller the volume of the gas. (c) (i) To investigate the relationship the pressure and the volume of the gas (ii) MV : Pressure of gas , V RV : Volume of gas , P CV: Temperature and mass of the gas. (iii) 100 cm3 glass syringe , rubber tube , Bourdon gauge , load, triple beam balance , retort stand. (iv)

(vii)

7. Diagram 3.1 shows a worker pushing down on the piston of a clogged bicycle pump. Diagram 3.2 shows the same worker finding it harder to push the piston further down.

(v) Weight is added onto the piston until the Bourdon gauge shows a reading 10 Pa Record the enclosed volume, V , of the syringe Repeat the experiment by increasing the pressure to 15 Pa , 20 Pa, 25 Pa and 30 Pa. (vi) Tabulate the data.

(vii) Plot graph V against P.

8. Before going to Johor Bahru, Afiff measures the air pressure of the tyres of his car, as shown in Diagram 3. He noticed that the air pressure one of the tyres is 200 kPa. At Johor Bahru, Afiff measured the air pressure. He found that the air pressure in tyre has increased to 240 kPa. Afiff also found that the tyre become hot after he arrived at Johor Bahru. However the size of the tyre remains the same.

Based on the information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference (b) State one suitable hypothesis. (c) With the use of apparatus such as Bourdon gauge, a round bottom flask and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in Question 3(b). Answer: (a) Pressure depends on temperature (b) The higher the temperature, the higher the pressure (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the air pressure and its temperature (ii) Manipulated : temperature Responding : pressure Fixed : volume / mass of gas (iii) Round-bottomed flask, glass tube, bourdon gauge, thermometer, rubber tube, retort stand, tripod stand, Bunsen burner, stirrer, beaker, wire gauze, water, water bath. (iv) - Read thermometer when the temperature reach 30°C. - At the same time, read the bourdon gauge to get the reading of gas pressure. - Stir the water continuously, and repeat the experiment when the temperature reach 40°C, 50°C, 60°C and 70°C. (vi) Tabulate the data Temperature, T/oC Pressure, P/Nm –2 30 40 50 60 70 (vii) Plot the graph pressure against temperature

9. Diagram 3.1 shows an inverted beaker contains an air trapped is converted and immersed in the water. Diagram 3.2 shows the volume of air trapped in the beaker decreased when the beaker is pushed down in the water.

Based on your observation on the volume of air trapped in the beaker; (a) State one suitable inference, (b) State one appropriate hypothesis that could be investigated, (c) With use of apparatus such as a syringe, thick rubber tube and other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b) Answer: (a) Pressure depends on volume// Volume influences pressure (b) When the volume decrease , the pressure increase , (c) To investigate the relationship between volume and pressure (i) Manipulated : volume (ii) Responding : pressure (iii) Fixed : mass of gas // temperature (iv) Syringe, clip , thick rubber tube, bourdon gauge .

(v) The piston of the 100 cm-3 syringe is adjusted until the volume of air in the syringe at atmospheric pressure.The other end of the rubber tube is connected tppo bourdon gauge and the pressure of the air in the syringe is read on the gauge. The piston of the syringe is pushed in until the enclosed volume is 98 cm3 / V1. The pressure on the Bourdon gauge is recorded. The steps is repeated for an enclosed volume of 96 cm3/V2, 94 cm3/V3, 92cm3/V4, 90 cm3/V5

10. Diagram 3.1 shows two pot, X and Y, with X containing more water than Y. Both the pot are heated. After a few minutes it was observed that the water in pot Y is hotter than the water in pot X.

Based on the information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference (b) State one suitable hypothesis. (c) With the use of apparatus such as beaker, thermometer immersion heater and other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in Question 3(b). Answer: (a) The mass // volume affects the rise in temperature // temperature (b) The greater the mass // volume, the smaller the rise in temperature // temperature (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the mass and rise in temperature (of water) (ii) Manipulated variable : Mass Responding variable : Increase in temperature Fixed variable : Heat supplied // Time of heating // Power of the heater (iii) Beaker, water, thermometer, immersion heater, stopwatch, balance for measuring mass (iv) Draws a labeled and functional diagram of the set up of the apparatus (v) Put a mass of 100 g of water in a beaker Switch on the heater for 5 minutes and record the temperature rise. Repeat the experiment with 150g, 200g, 250g and, 300g of water. (vi) Tabulate the data

Based on the information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference. (b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated (c) With the use of apparatus such as power supply, beaker, immersion heater and other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in Question 3(b). Answer: (a) The heat/ time taken of the water depends on its mass/volume (b) The greater the mass/volume, the time taken increase (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the time taken and mass/volume (ii) Manipulated variable : mass/volume Responding variable : Time taken Constant variable : Initial temperature/specific heat capacity/ changes in temperature (iii) Power supply, thermometer, beaker, immersion heater, stirrer (iv)

(v) The 20 g of water is filled in the beaker. The initial temperature, _0, of water is recorded. The heater is switched on until the water boiled. The time taken for the water is observed and recorded/ The heat is calculated. Repeat with masses of boiling water 40 g, 60 g, 80 g and 100 g. (vi) Tabulate the table Mass, m / g Time taken, t/s 20 40 60 80 100 (vii)

(vii) The graph of temperature rise against mass is drawn 11. Diagram 3.1 shows a boy accidentally spilt a few drops of hot noodle soup onto his hand and felt slight pain. Later on, he accidentally spilt the whole bowl of hot noodle soup onto his body and he felt very pain. CHAPTER 5 12. Diagram 3.1 shows a student using a convex lens to form a sharp image of a lamp at the ceiling. Diagram 3.2

shows the student using another convex lens to form a sharp image of the lamp.

Observe the thickness of the lens and the distance from the lens to the image in both situations. Based on the observation: (a) State one suitable inference. (b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated. (c) With the use of apparatus such as convex lenses, a screen and other apparatus, describe an experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). answer: (a) To investigate the relationship between the thickness of the lens and the distance from the lens to the screen / focal length (b) The greater the thickness of the lens, the smaller the distance from the lens to the screen / focal length (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between the thickness of the lens and the distance from the lens to the screen / focal length (ii) Manipulated variable : Thickness of the lens Responding variable : distance from the lens to the screen focal length / f (Note: Constant variable can be ignored) (iii) Convex lenses, screen, metre rule, lens holder (iv)

(v) A convex lens with thickness 0.4 cm is placed in front of a screen. The screen is adjusted until a sharp image of a distant object is obtained and the distance between the lens and the screen is measured. The previous steps are repeated using convex lenses of thickness 0.6 cm, 0.8 cm, 1.0 cm and 1.2 cm. (vi)

(vii) The graph f against d is plotted 13. Diagram 3.1 shows a line under a glass block. Diagram 3.2 shows an identical line under a Perspex block of the same size. An observer noticed that the image of the line formed in the glass block is nearer to the surface of the block.

Based on the information and observation: (a) State one suitable inference, (b) State one hypothesis that could be investigated. (c) With the use of apparatus such as a tall beaker, water and other apparatus and material, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 3(b). answer: (a) Apparent depth depends on the density/type of block/material (b) When the density (of material) increase, the apparent depth decrease/depth of image (c) (i) To investigate the relationship between density and apparent depth/depth of the image (ii) manipulated V : density// mass of salt responding V : apparent depth/depth of image fixed V : real depth , volume water(ignore the change of volume of water + salt ) (iii) Tall Beaker/cylinder, pin, retort stand, water, salt, meter rule, triple beam balance (iv)

(v) Fill the beaker with ( V = 1000 cm3 ) water. Put the 20 g of salt into the beaker and stir. Place a pin O into the water. Adjust the position of the pin I (at the retort stand) by observing above the beaker until it appears in line with the image. Measure the apparent depth of the straight line,d. Repeat the experiment with( different four densities of liquids) by mixing the mass of salt , m = 30g , 40g, 50g, and 60g .