Extremitas Inferior

EXTREMITAS INFERIOR

Sufitni Mega Sari Sitorus

Tulang-Tulang Yang Membentuk Ekstremitas Inferior       

Os Coxae Os Femur Os Patella Os Tibia – Fibula Os Tarsalia Os Metatarsal Os Phalanges

OS Coxae Pada bagian anterolateral terdapat mangkuk sendi = fossa acetabuli, bersendi dgn caput femoris Pada pinggir fosssa acetabuli terdapat penebalan yang dilapisi oleh tulang rawan Facies Lunata

FEMUR Pada bgn atas terdapat caput femoris Dibagian atas caput ini terdapat fovea capitis yg merupakan tempat melekat ligamentum teres femoris Bagian – Bagian Femur , antara lain : • Trochanter major , minor • Fossa trochanterica : tempat insersi otot bokong • Linea aspera - labium interna : tpt origo otot –otot adductor - labium eksterna ; origo m.biceps femoris caput brevis

Tulang-Tulang Yang MembentukPergelangan Kaki ( ossa tarsalia)

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os calcaneus os tallus os naviculare pedis os cuneiforme I, II, III os cuboideum

Perdarahan Pada Ekstremitas Inferior • A. Femoralis • A. Poplitea • A. Tibialis Anterior • A. Tibialis Posterior • A. Peronea • V. Femoralis • V. Saphena magna • V. Saphena parva

Posterior Thigh

• Gluts (gluteal nn.) • Maximus—extensor of thigh • Medius--pelvic tilt

• Lateral rotators (spinal nn.) • Piriformis syndrome

• Hamstrings (sciatic n.) Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

• Biceps femoris • Semimembranous

Anterior thigh (femoral n • Sartorius (Tailor’s muscle) • Quads (four) • Rectus femoris (crosses hip) • 3 vastus mm. (vast--big) Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

Medial compartment (obturator n.) • Adductor muscles • Gracilis • Adductor • Magnus • Longus • brevis

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

Anterior Leg (deep fibular n.) • Fibularis (peroneus) longus • Extensor digitorum longus • Extensor hallicus longus • Tibialis anteriorus Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

Lateral Leg (superficial fibular n.) • Fibularis brevis/longus

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

Posterior Leg (tibial n.)

• Gastrocs and soleus • Flexor digitorum longus • Flexor hallucus longus

Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

Intrinsics of foot Frolich, Human Anatomy, Lower

Blood supply to lower limb

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Internal Iliac  

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Cranial + Caudal Gluteals= gluteals Internal Pudendal = perineum, external genitalia Obturator = adductor muscles

External Iliac 

Femoral = lower limb • Deep femoral = adductors, hamstrings, quadriceps

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Popliteal (continuation of femoral) • Geniculars = knee • Anterior Tibial = ant. leg muscles, further branches to feet • Posterior Tibial = flexor muscles, plantar Frolich, Human arch, branches to toes Anatomy, Lower

• Sacral plexus (sciatic nerve)

With leg out to side like quadruped, lumbar-anterior, sacral-posterior makes sense

• Lumbar plexus (femoral nerve)