Extracto Filosofia y Consuelo de La Musica

 

_LKÒJ LJG_ÄR

FDN@R@ FËL T B@JRSC N@ GC NL KÝRDBL

o l r b c n ` j l 

 

l b l j t d n l g `

 

Quondblg` p`r lbljtdnlg` \ulgcrjs Brckl, R. L.

Kujtljcr,    -         Olrbcn`jl Wcn.          - Flx.          b`rrc` Albljtdnlg`.cs  www .lbljt  www.lb ljtdnl dnlg`. g`.cs cs ©      oy _lkòj Ljgräs I`jzìncz-B`o` © gc cstl cgdbdòj,      oy \ulgcrjs Brckl, R. L. Gcrcbe`s cxbnusdv`s gc cgdbdòj= \ulgcrjs Brckl, R. L. d s o j =  ---- g c p ò s d t ` n c i l n = o. o .       -     l d i u l g c v d g r c   Irìfdbl q u l g c r j s b r c k l   B`kp`sdbdòj r ` k l j y á - v l n n s    Dk  Dkpr prcs csdò dòj j y cj cjbu bulg lgcr crjl jlbd bdòj òj prdkcrl cgdbdòj

li`st` gc    

Olm` nls sljbd`jcs cstloncbdgls p`r nls ncycs, qucglj rdiur`slkcjtc pr`edodgls, sdj nl lut`rdzlbdòj p`r csbrdt` gc n`s tdtunlrcs gcn b`pyrdiet, nl rcpr`gubbdòj t`tln ` plrbdln gc cstl `orl p`r bulnqudcr kcgd` ` pr`bcgdkdcjt` kcbìjdb` ` cncbtròjdb`, lbtuln ` futur`‗djbnuycjg` nls f`t`b`pdls y nl gdfusdòj l trlväs gc Djtcrjct‗, y nl gdstrdoubdòj gc cmckpnlrcs gc cstl cgdbdòj kcgdljtc lnqudncr ` prästlk` pýondb`s.

 

B@JWCJDG@ prdk crl plrtc

N@R FSJGLKCJW@R  

       

d. n` prcvd`

Kck`rdl y b`jsucn`  Cn irdt`, nl v`z  @ëg`, csbubel, rcs`jljbdl  Cn bucrp`, nl gljzl 

   

 

dd. nl kýsdbl yl jlbc irljgc

     

Bdcjbdl gc nl vcrglg  Qcjslr nl kýsdbl cs ﬌n`s`flr  Nls b`jtdcjgls gc Elrk`jël 



 

Lrk`jël, cn lrb` tcjslg` 



 

  ddd. rlzòj gcn kdt`

                 

Cn vdcjtrc gc Icl  Cn gcspcglzlkdcjt`  Nl j`bec  Nl jlvcilbdòj  @rpedhì  

    

@rfc` cstuv` lquë   Nl ndrl y nl bruz  Cn slbrd﬌bd` y cn edkj`  Or`jbc y b`jmur` 

    

  dv dv.. pdtìi`rls y nl bucjtl bcncstc

             

Cn jýkcr` vcjdg` gc n`s lstr`s  Cn csbug` gc Cuf`ro`  Sjl icjcln`iël gcn klr  ]lj, Br`j`s y Bt`jdl  Nl vdgl pdtliòrdbl  Sj s`jdg` gcn bdcn`, dkpcrbcptdonc  Fdn`nl` y nl b`kprl gc uj`s ndor`s   

 

N`s gcsckcmljtcs

              

 

 

               

v. b`jb`rgljbdl y gdsb`rgljbdl gcn jýkcr`

Sj csplbd` pcjslonc  Nl dnusdòj gc n`s scjtdg`s  Nl `trl kltckìtdbl  Cn blstdi` drrlbd`jln gc Eëpls`  Nl lur`rl djb`jkcjsurlo djb`jkcjsurlonc nc  Sjl bucrgl y ujls bdfrls  Lrqudtls= «B`j kube` cn kìs prc`buplg` gc n`s pdtliòrdb`s p`r nl kýsdbl¸  R`jdg`s liug`s («`xäl¸), s`jdg`s irlvcs («olräl¸) 

             

  vd. n`s blkdj`s lzuncs

   

Lrk`jël gc nls csfcrls Cr, cn lrkcjd` 

 

Wdkc` bucjtl  bòk` cn gckduri` b`jf`rkò cn ujdvcrs` Csbdpdòj sucül 

 

   

  vdd. uj s`jdg` k`rln

   

Gc lbucrg` b`j nl gdijdglg  Ròbrltcs `yc ujl cspcbdc gc v`z gdvdjl 

 

 vddd. «s`peël¸, gljzl y gcndt`s b`jtrl nl kýsdbl

 

Lrdst`bncs, cs gcbdr, Qnltòj 

 

 

Sjl b`jvcrslbdòj cjtrc Bndjdls y cn ltcjdcjsc (elonlj gc gljzl)  Gcndt`s b`jtrl nl kýsdbl 



 



  dx. vdrtug («lrct 󰄒󰂷¸) y utdn dglg gc nl kýsdbl

       

Lrdstòtcncs. Nl oucjl ﬌jlndglg  Qurd﬌blbdòj, hìtelrsds  Wlkp`b` cn bdcn`, tlkp`b` cn lnkl  Nls nubcs gc n`s gdsbëpun`s 

     

 

 

 

x. ujl kýsdbl gcn gcscjbucjtr`

Nl ndzl cjtrc n`s cpdbýrc`s y n`s cst`db`s 

 

sciu jgl plrtc

NL BC_WDGSKO_C

         

     

d. gc rcircs` l `tr` djdbd`

Rcxt` Ckpërdb` cn csbäptdb`= cn tdckp` j` cxdstc, tlkp`b` cn rdtk`  N` gdvdj` cstì sdckprc nnciljg`  °\udäj j` pucgc lklr cn sdctc0 Fdnòj, Bnckcjtc y @rëicjcs 

  

dd. nl rc-s`jljbdl gcn scr

Jdbòklb` gc Icrlsl, cj kcgd` gc uj vdlmc  J` ely jcbcsdglg gc uj djstrukcjt` kusdbln. Wcòj gc Cskdrjl  Sj ýntdk` ndor` gc Qt`n`kc` 

    

  ddd. jc`pnltòjdb`s

         

Nls nctrls dkprcsls cj cn ldrc quc cn lnkl ncc. Qcjslr b`j Qn`tdj`  Qr`bn`, gc nls slodgurëls  Lrëstdgcs \udjtdndlj`. Cn gcsbcjs` gcn lnkl  Gc gdstdjt`s kujg`s= Ilugcjbd` cn ﬌nòs`f`, Lncmljgr` gc Lfr`gdsdls y Bcjs`rdj`  ju pbdlss gc Fdn`n`ië Fdn` n`iëll Klrbdlj` Blpcnnl cj Nls jupbdl  y Kcrburd Kcrb urd`` 

   

 

  dv dv.. t`kl, ncc

     

   

Rlj Liustëj, cn rcbucrg` gc nl trdstczl plslgl  Nl lrk`jël b`kdcjzl p`r nl ujdglg 

  

v. cn b`jsucn`, sdckprc

O`cbd`. Q`r quä b`j uj bìjtdb` sc elbc kìs gunbc cn nn`rlr 



Wrcs cssc kusdbls 

 

 

  vd. nl cglg kcgdl, j` `sburl

         

Lnbudj` gc T`rh. Sjl jucvl Ltcjls cj Frljbdl  _lolj` Klur`, ctdk`n`iël y vcrglg  Nl lrk`jdbl pedn`s`pedl  Crdýicjl, cn pcs` blrcjtc gc pcs`  Blgl v`z cs ujl nuz 

        

  vdd. cn `fdbd` gc csbubelr

           

Elbdl cn jucv` kdncjd`  Nl onljbl týjdbl gc dincsdls. Qcgr` Locnlrg`  Bcrbl gc Odjicj  Lgcnlrg` gc Olte elonl b`j g`s glkls  Eui` gc Rlj Vëbt`r, nl tcrrl lndcjl  Sjl b`gl plrl _dblrg` gc Rlj Vëbt`r 

       

 vddd. prciujtls gc nl kýsdbl

         

Iujgdslnv` y Lnlj` gcKctlfësdbl Ndnnc  gc nl nuz _`ocrt` Ir`ssctcstc. y gcn s`jdg`  Olb`j, uj slocr b`j﬌jlg`  Lnocrt` Klij`, nl pr`pdcglg gc nls b`sls  W`kìs gc Lqudj` cj ujl b`r`jl gcn bdcn`  Gljtc, cn uj`, g`s, trcs quc sdckprc vdvc Mlb`o` gc Ndcml, Mulj gc Kurds y cn



 

jukcrus djflkds  Sj bljtus ﬌rkus gcspncilg` cj cn tdckp`

 

 

y cn csplbd`. Jdb`nìs gc @rcskc   Jdb`nìs gc Busl, cn edm` gcn olrqucr` 

  

       



tcrbcrl plrtc

       

NL DJ\SDCWSG d. «k`ncstdls ljdklc¸. ljdk lc¸. kýsdbl y eukljdsk` euklj dsk`

Nl kýsdbl gcn eukljdsk` plrl elbcr fcndbcs l n`s e`korcs. Nccr l M`eljjcs Wdjbt`rds  Sj kýsdb` t`bl n`s bëkoln`s. N`rcjz` Vlnnl sc el ﬌mlg` cj än  Cn bljt` cs uj ljdkln lärc`. Klrsdnd` Fdbdj` 

  

 

     

       

Frljbcsb` ]`rzd, nl lrk`jël gcn kujg` cs su sdncjbd`  kus dbl ndocr  nd ocr   Idr`nlk` Blrglj`, Gc kusdbl

 

dd. elbdl ujl ut`pël

Nl frìidn v`z gc Crlsk`  Nutcr`= «Rd uj klcstr` gc csbucnl j` sloc bljtlr, jd n` kdrlr丠 W`kìs K`r`= jd ujl bcjl sdj kýsdbl  Crlsk` y K`r` olm` «nl cstrcnnl b`kýj¸ gc Mulj Nuds Vdvcs 

    

  ddd. odnds jcirl, n`burl, kýsdbl

     

Fdn`s`fël, kýsdbl y kcnljb`nël  F`x K`rbdnn` y Jdcrckocri, tlkodäj nl kýsdbl  Q`jtus gc Wylrg, «gc uj blstdnn` l `tr`¸   

 

    

Kcnljbe`ny Ilnndlrg

  dv dv.. cxpcrdkcjtlbdòj y sucü`

     

Frljbds Olb`j frcjtc l _`ocrt Fnugg  Cn slocr ecrkätdb`. _`ocrtus gc Fnubtdous  Qcqucül b`gl djincsl 

 

v. n`s djfdjdt`s kujg`s y nl kýsdbl cj bërbun`

   

Id`rglj` Oruj`. Qcjslrn` t`g` gc jucv`  Sj lb`rgc ujdtdv` c dj﬌jdt` 

   

 

  vd. «n — dkpdätä ct nl rlds`j¸

             

Kcrscjjc pdgc lyugl l Ilsscjgd  Kcrscjjc= bìnbun` y fc, bìnbun` y kýsdbl  _cjä Gcsblrtcs y cn `oscqud` gc uj b`kpcjgduk  Nl kcgdgl cj nl kýsdbl  Rciujgl pcqucül b`gl  Ncdojdz= vdsdòj klbr`sbòpdbl, vdsdòj kdbr`sbòpdbl  Sjl lrk`jël prccstloncbdgl 

          

 

ujl s`nl y nlril sënlol.   vdd. nl kýsdbl, ujl csbubelr b`k` dnustrlg`s

         

Cn pcrgdg` Qlrjlssc frljélds  G`s k`kcjt`s, g`s vdsd`jcs gc G—Lnckocrt s`orc  N—Cjby jbybnòp bnòpcgdc cgdc , uj pldslmc gc f`jg`  _lkclu. N—C Gdgcr`t y nl kìs vd`ncjtl gc nls ocnnls lrtcs  _lkclu, sdckprc _lkclu  Belolj`j, cn ﬌nòs`f`-vd`ndjds ﬌nòs`f`-vd`ndjdstl. tl. Sjl scjslbdòj purl 

       

 vddd. nl rlzòj= t`g`s b`jtrl t`g`s

   



   

_`ussclu= j` lplrtäds nl kýsdbl gc nl jlturlnczl  Bljtlr cj frljbäs n` cstr`pcl t`g`. Sj lriukcjt` kìs b`jtrl _lkclu  Sjls cjkdcjgls gc Ljt`jd` Cxdkcj`  Hljt rclorc uj b`j﬏dbt` cj nl Brëtdbl gcn mudbd` 

 

Sjl pcqucül b`gl lnckljl 

  

J`tl ﬌jln   Fucjtcs odond`irì﬌bls 

   

   

 

 L nl kck`rd Id` rid`` B`nnd, B`nn d, kck `rdll gc Id`rid Ckljucnc Rcvcrdj` y Iyöriy Ndictd .

 

Nl kýsdbl cs cnX…[ kly`r b`jsucn` yl p`r cn ecbe` quc j`nlbrcl plnlorls jucvls Buljt` kìs gcjslkcjtc cstägcp`onlgl Wdcrrl y buljt` kìs kcbìjdbl scl nl b`j﬌iurlbdòj gc nl vdgl, kìs dkprcsbdjgdonc tcjgrì quc scr nl kýsdbl. Nncilrì uj tdckp` cj cn quc sòn` l trlväs gc cnnl p`grck`s csblounndrj`s csblounndrj`s gc nls cstrcbels klnnls gc nls fujbd`jcs8 y b`jscrvlrnl b`k` ujl rcscrvl gc ndocrtlg p`gcr`sl y j` dj﬏udgl gcocrì b`jsdgcrlrsc b`k` nl tlrcl kìs dkp`rtljtc gc nl vdgl cspdrdtuln futurl. cndls bljcttd , Nl pr`vdjb pr` vdjbdl dl gcn e`korc e `korc , «Lü`     ¸

 

prdkcrl plrtc

N@R FSJGLKCJW@R

 

d

N@ Q_CVD@

kck`rdl y b`jsucn`

Nl dkp`sdodndglg gc ﬌mlr uj ncjiulmc, nl djblplbdglg gc cxprcslr irì﬌blkcjtc nl lnturl gc uj s`jdg` ` su irlvcglg, cn djvdlonc k`g` gc djgdblr su gurlbdòj, cn csb`nn` djfrljquclonc quc cjtrc n`s ljtdiu`s sup`jël lj`tlr uj gdoum` g doum` kcnògdb`, yl fucrl s`orc uj plpdr`, s`orc pdcgrl ` lrbdnnl, ujl eukdngc bljbdòj, nl kìs fìbdn kcn`gël, gcspr`vdstl gc t`g` vucn`, cxpndblj ujl plrtc gcn blrìbtcr slirlg` quc nc fuc lsdijlg` l nl kýsdbl. N` djtljidonc y cvljcsbcjtc, n` djlnbljzlonc. Nl djvdsdodndglg rcgubdgl l s`jdg`, l vdorlbdòj csplrbdgl p`r cn ldrc b`k` p`ncj, nncvò l n`s ljtcplslg`s l cstloncbcr ujl ljln`iël quc djvdtlol l dgcjtd﬌blrnl b`j nl jlturlnczl gc n`s gd`scs, prcscjtcs b`k` cnnl lujquc djlprcjsdoncs, rcvcnlg`s pcr` `bunt`s, cxtrlü`s y, sdj ckolri`, glg`rcs gc scjtdg`. N` quc i`zlol gc cxdstcjbdl cj cn s`n` djstljtc gc su cxprcsdòj, yl fucrc cn bljt` gc uj plst`r olodnòjdb` ` nls j`tls gc ujl ﬏lutl cidpbdl mujt` l n`s blkp`s g`jgc brcbël cn hlkut, cstlol gcstdjlg` l gdnudrsc plrl sdckprc cj uj sdncjbd` quc j` pr`bcgël gcn kujg`8 rcircslol, odcj ln b`jtrlrd`, ln nuilr gc g`jgc eloël plrtdg`, l slocr, gc g c n`s nlod`s gc uj gd`s. Wrltlr gc rcb`rglr nl kýsdbl, bust`gdlrnl cj nl kcjtc l ﬌j gc slnvliulrglrnl gcn `nvdg`, fuc uj k`g` gc cjrldzlrsc ln plslg`, gc vdvdr cj än. Ru ctdk`n`iël, quc pr`bcgc gcn irdci` k`usdhḙ , cxpndbl cstc kck`rlr, p`rquc nls Kusls, cj buljt` quc edmls gc Kjckòsdjc, nl pcrs`jd﬌blbdòj gc nl Kck`rdl, pr`pdbdlrìj cn rcbucrg` y nncvlrìj l b`jbcodr cstl bdcjbdl, cstc lrtc, b`k` ujl b`jtdjul cv`blbdòj. Cnnls rcvcnlrìj quc euo` ujl kýsdbl ljtcrd`r l n` quc s`k`s, djbndjlg`s p`r jucstrl tcjgcjbdl l `nvdglr n` quc p`scëk`s. Rd nl kýsdbl 

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

pcrkdtc cstl vdsdtl l n` quc gc `rdidjlrd` ely cj j`s`tr`s sc gcoc l quc su ujdglg tckp`rln rc﬏cml nl ujdglg quc fudk`s. Cn Qscug` Lrdstòtcncs gc n`s Qr`on ḙ ḙ kltl kltl, quc mucil b`j nl plnlorl jòk`s (jòk`d ) cj su g`onc scjtdg`, yl quc sdijd﬌bl ―ncy—, pcr` kusdblnkcjtc sc lpndblol l nls pdczls quc cstlolj sumctls l ujl lrk`jël (elrk`jël) y uj rdtk` gctcrkdjlg`s, rcvcnl lni` dkp`rtljtc plrl n` quc cstlk`s gdbdcjg`8 sc prciujtl= «°Q`r quä sc nnlklj jòk`d  nls  nls pdczls quc sc bljtlj0 °Cs p`rquc, ljtcs gc quc sc supdcrl csbrdodr, sc bljtlolj nls ncycs plrl j` `nvdglrnls, b`k` t`glvël sc lb`stukorl l elbcr cjtrc n`s liltdrs`s0¸ (Qr`onckl x d x ,   ). Rë, bljtlr nls ncycs pr`n`jilol su vdicjbdl. Cn bljt` plrl cvdtlr cn `nvdg`. Nl kcn`gël, cn rdtk`, s`j b`jtrlrd`s l nl pärgdgl. Lrdstòxcj`, quc fucrl uj dnustrc gdsbëpun` gc Lrdstòtcncs, suidcrc quc nl kcn`gël cxdstc cj cn gcvcjdr, y quc cjtcjgcr nl kýsdbl jlbc gc g`s b`sls, cst` cs, gc nl pcrbcpbdòj y nl kck`rdl. Gdbc= «Cs, pucs, jcbcslrd` pcrbdodr n` quc subcgc y rcb`rglr n` subcgdg`¸ (Elrkòjdbl, d d ,   -  ). @ëg`, djtcncbt`, kck`rdl. T p`gck`s lircilr, tlkodäj, quc cstl jcbcsdglg gc ﬌mlr uj ncjiulmc, cstl vcz v cz kusdbln, nncvl b`jsdi` cn lfìj gc slocr, gc blkdjlr elbdl cn b`j`bdkdcjt`. Cstc dkpuns` jlbdò, b`k` gcmò csbrdt` Qnltòj cj cn Brìtdn`  (   l), gcn vcro` k÷steld , ―gcsclr—8 pcr` sc trltl gc uj ljecn` ndkpd`, sdj nl trlol gc nl b`gdbdl= cs cn ljsdl nciëtdkl gc lprcjgcr, yl scl cn lrtc gc nl kýsdbl, yl scl nl pcjctrlbdòj gcn pcjslkdcjt`. Nl prdkdtdvl j`tlbdòj kusdbln cs kìs tlrgël quc nl csbrdturl y, s`orc t`g`, kìs `sburl y vlil, l kcjug` djgcsbdfrlonc, suklkcjtc csblsl. Cj ujl tlondnnl bujcdf`rkc (u c t    /  ) gcn sciujg` kdncjd` ljtcs gc Brdst`, quc fuc cjb`jtrlgl cj 

 

n ` p rcvd`

nl bduglg kcs`p`tìkdbl gc Sr, pucgc lprcbdlrsc, olm` o lm` nl rcprcscjtlbdòj gc ujl cstrcnnl gc sdctc pujtls, uj sdstckl gc l﬌jlbdòj gcstdjlg` l uj lrpl ` ujl ndrl gc jucvc bucrgls. N` dkp`rtljtc cs quc gcsbuorc nl p`sdodndglg gc cstloncbcr sdctc csblnls gdltòjdbls gdfcrcjtcs, b`j n` buln sc j`s `frcbc ujl djf`rklbdòj prdvdncidlgl lbcrbl gc su sdstckl t`jln, sdkdnlr ln quc, kuy lvljzlg`s n`s sdin`s, gdfujgdrì cn pdtli`rdsk`. p dtli`rdsk`. Qcr` `trl b`sl cs ujl j`tlbdòj quc pucgl lb`kplülrj`s ln kujg` s`j`r` gc n`s `rëicjcs, l nl kýsdbl gc nls prdkcrls bdvdndzlbd`jcs quc sc elnnl rcstrdjidgl l ujls irlfëls blsd dncidoncs cj nls plrcgcs gc nls bìklrls fujcrlrdls gc Cidpt`8 dgc`irlkls quc lb`kplülj ln cspërdtu gc Hud cj cn Ncmlj` @rdcjtc8 n`s lbcjt`s, bdfrls y jcukls gc nl Djgdl quc ousblj brdstlndzlr n`s sdctc svlrl quc nlorlj nls csblnls gcn R  Č kl kl Vcgl8 cn lnfloct` quc, gcsgc Lrlk l Fcjdbdl, scrvdrì plrl rcnlbd`jlr nls j`tls. Lsë `burrdrì cj Ircbdl, buy` tcstdk`jd` sc rcgubc l uj`s bulrcjtl frlikcjt`s quc nl sucrtc el pcrkdtdg` prcscrvlr. Rc b`jmcturl quc uj` gc n`s prdkcr`s kýsdb`s cj scrvdrsc gc uj gdlirlkl plrl nl j`tlbdòj fuc cn bdtlrdstl Cstrltòjdb` gc Ltcjls, cj cn sdin` d v  ljtcs gc Brdst`, bäncorc p`r su lrtc y j` kcj`s p`r su dròjdb` tlnljtc. Rdj ckolri`, fuc nl plnlorl pr`jujbdlgl, cn bljt` pcrvdvdg` cj nl `rlndglg, nl kck`rdl lugdtdvl, n` quc pcrkdtdò kljtcjcr uj ncilg` kusdbln quc, l trlväs gc nls icjcrlbd`jcs, pug` scr cv`blg`. Qcsc l t`g`, nl cr`sdòj gcn tdckp` pr`v`bò quc cstl ecrcjbdl fucrl blgl vcz kìs dkprcbdsl, p`rquc cn rcbucrg` gcsgdouml. Nl kcn`gël sc gcsilstlol b`j ncjtdtug, b`k` cn plpdr` ` nl pdcgrl s`orc s `orc nl quc cstlol suicrdgl. Rd, b`k` csbrdoc Ljjdc Oänds ( Ncs  Ncs Kusdbdcj Kusdb dcjss gljs n—Ljtdqud n—Ljtd qudtä  tä , pp.    -   ), jd tlj sdqudcrl cj nl Cglg Kcgdl t`g`s n`s b`kp`sdt`rcs b`j`bëlj cj rdi`r nl b`kpncmdglg gc nl j`tlbdòj (p`r n` quc sc lyuglolj gc uj cxpcrt` cj cstc `﬌bd`), sc gcgubc nl sdtulbdòj gc nl csbrdturl kusdbln cj uj kujg` quc 

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

cstlol tcmdäjg`sc. Cn ﬌nòs`f` _lolj` Klur`, quc jlbdò cj t`rj` ln lü`    , lgkdtc quc «sd n`s e`korcs j` n`s rctdcjcj cj nl kck`rdl, n`s s`jdg`s kucrcj, yl quc j` pucgcj rcbdodr  Gc rcruk rc ruk jltu j lturds rds ct c t vcro`ru vcr o`ruk k pr`ujl ﬌mlbdòj p`r csbrdt`¸ ( Gc  prdctl  prd ctltdo tdous us ct gc kys kystdb tdbll rcr rcruk uk sdi sdijd﬌ jd﬌blt bltd`jc d`jc 8  R`o  R`orc rc nl jltu jltu-rlnczl gc nls b`sls y nls pr`pdcglgcs gc nls plnlorls y cn scjtdg` këstdb` gc nls b`sls ). B`j cstc kdsk` pr`bcgdkdcjt`, cn gc

rcburrdr l lniudcj cmcrbdtlg` cj cstl nlo`r, gcodcr`j gc ﬌mlr, b`j kìs ` kcj`s prcbdsdòj, nls kcn`gëls cj nl Ljtdiþcglg, glg` quc, b`k` sc el gdbe`, n`s kýsdb`s y n`s p`ctls irdci`s y r`klj`s, cj su kly`r plrtc, j` crlj blplbcs gc csbrdodr nl kýsdbl quc or`tlol gc su dklidjlbdòj. T, sdj ckolri`, odcj quc gc kljcrl ndkdtlgl, n`s vcrslg`s cj cstc `﬌bd` csbrdoëlj ` cjblrilolj csbunpdr uj`s sdij`s quc p`gëlj scr ncëg`s p`r uj b`j`bcg`r gc cstc csb`idg` slocr. Q`r tln rlzòj, Oänds gdstdjiuc cjtrc b`kp`sdtcurs y j`tltcurs. \uc nls bljbd`jcs, l vcbcs, sc b`j`bëlj ncm`s gc g`jgc eloëlj sdg` b`jbcodgls cs uj ecbe`. Qëjglr` (b .    -    ljtcs gc Brdst`) bucjtl, cj cn tcrbcr cp`g` gc nl sciujgl Qëtdbl  (  -  ), quc rckdtc l Edcròj su bljt`, y n` cxpdgc l trlväs «gcn klr blj`s`¸ b`k` sd fucrl «ujl kcrblgcrël¸. Lniudcj, buljg` nnciuc l Rdrlbusl, gc g`jgc cs Edcròj, slorì nccrn`= ¡Rlnvc! Cstc bljt` kë` sc tc cjvël l kljcrl gc fcjdbdl kcrblgcrël l trlväs gcn klr blj`s`. Wlkodäj ltdcjgc ln `tr`, cn gcn rdtk` blstòrc` y t`j` c`nd`, y cj ltcjbdòj gc ecptlb`rgc f`rkdjic, gc b`rlzòj lbòicn`. Lprcjgc l scr qudcj crcs plrl scrn`.

Nl ýjdbl kcn`gël irdcil b`jscrvlgl p`r cjtcr` sucjl cj ujl cstcnl fujcrlrdl, ujl b`nukjl gc kìrk`n quc lnocril nl csbrdturl gcn cxprcsdv` k`g` (tòj`s) frdid`. Rc trltl, cj rclndglg, gc uj csb`ndòj ( shònd`j), ujl bljbdòj pr`pdl gc n`s olj

 

n ` p rcvd`

quctcs cj n`s quc sc csbljbdlol ujl oucjl y b`pd`sl ocodgl. Rdj ckolri`, lquë j` rcvdstc cstc blrìbtcr. Rd lpcnò l cstl f`rf`rkl plrl rcb`rglr l uj gdfujt` sciurlkcjtc sc gcodò l nl jcbcsdglg gc b`js`nlr y gdsdplr nl kcnljb`nël gc qudcj vdsdtlol cn h`dkĒ t t ḙ ḙ rd`j rd`j, cn bckcjtcrd` ` nuilr gcn rcp`s` djqucorljtlonc, cn g`rkdt`rd` gc nl jlgl y nl j`bec. Gltl gcn sdin` d d  ljtcs gc Brdst` y sc nc b`j`bc b`k` cn Cpdtl﬌` gc Rcdhën`s ` Rdbdn`, quc n` gcgdbò l su csp`sl. Cj än sc ncc= Dklicj s`y gc pdcgrl, Rcdhën`s lquë kc lsdcjtl, g`jgc scrä p`r sdckprc sdij` gc rcbucrg` ctcrj`. Kdcjtrls vdvls, ordnnl, jlgl tc lpcslgukorc8 nl vdgl cs orcvc, y cn tdckp` su gcugl pdgc.

«Ordnnl, jlgl tc lpcslgukorc¸. Rlodgurël. Jdjiýj b`jtcjbd`s`. Ncm`s gcn nlkcjt`. _cb`rglr j` dkpndbl sdckprc trdstczl8 l vcbcs, odcj ln b`jtrlrd`, b`jsdstc cj uj icjcr`s` rcvdvdr. Cj cn ätdk` gc rcbucrg` (rc-b`rg`r ) cstì cn scjtdg` gc v`nvcr l plslr p`r cn b`rlzòj. Rcdhën`s sciurlkcjtc fuc kdckor` gc ujl flkdndl gc g c kýsdb`s l﬌jblgl cj nls tdcrrls gc Wrlncs, e`y nnlklgl Lygdj, cj Wurquël8 nl bduglg sc ncvljtlol cj cn Irlj Kcljgr` quc ﬏uël elstl Kdujtc y Kdnct`. Sj p`b` kìs ln j`rtc, l uj gël gc blkdj` ckprcjgdg` l oucj pls`, sc cjb`jtrlol Äfcs`. Nl djsbrdpbdòj b`jtdcjc nl quc cs b`j t`gl pr`olodndglg nl ﬌rkl gcn lut`r= «Rcdhën`s, edm` gc Cutcrpc¸, nl kusl pr`tcbt`rl gc nl kýsdbl. Sjls plnlorls p lnlorls nl prcbcgcj= «T`, nl pdcgrl, s`y dklicj8 lquë kc scülnl Rcdhën`s b`k` cstcnl pcrsdstcjtc gc djk`rtln kck`rdl¸. Ru elnnlzi` sc pr`gum` cj     , kdcjtrls uj`s fcrr`vdlrd`s rck`vëlj cn sucn` plrl b`kpr`olr su rcsdstcjbdl ln pls` gc 

 

Cpdtl﬌` gc Rcdhën`s, cj I. B`k`ttd,  Nl kýsd kýsdbl bl cj nl bunt bunturl url ird irdcil cil  y r`kljl r`kl jl, p.   , t`klg` gc C. Qöenkljj, Gcjh  Gcjhkçnc kçncrr lntirdc lnt irdcbeds bedstcr tcr  Kusdh  Kusd h, pp.   -  .

n`s fcrr`blrrdncs. Cj cn gcburs` gc n`s lü`s, cn lzlr, su vldväj, edz` quc gcspuäs gc     , ujl vcz b`jsuklg` cn E`n`blust` gc Lsdl Kcj`r‗ln quc n`s irdci`s prc﬌rdcr`j j`korlr, y b`j mustdbdl, hltlstr`peḙ ‗, ‗, cn cpdtl﬌` fucrl elnnlg` cj cn  mlrgëj  mlr gëj gc ujl blkpcsdjl blkpcs djl,, quc n` uslol gc klbctcr`. klbct cr`. Sjl vcz n`blndzlg`, qucgò ln lkplr` gcn b`jsunlg` e`nljgäs y, trls ujls gäblgls gc bust`gdl y sdncjbd`, sc b`jsdgcrò gc jucv` pcrgdg`. Cn Jltd`jlnkuscct gc B`pcjeliuc n` eloël lgqudrdg` plrl su f`jg`8 cstì cxpucst` cj sus ilncrëls gcsgc     , cj nl slnl jýkcr`   . \udcj ncl ` csbubec su kcn`gël lbcptlrì quc p`grël scr cn edkj` gc t`g`s n`s gcslplrcbdg`s.



 

n ` p rcvd`

N`s bulrcjtl frlikcjt`s gdspcrs`s quc lolrblj sdctc sdin`s gc kýsdbl irdcil‗cjtrc cnn`s nl plrtc gc uj b`r` gcn @rcstcs , `orl gcn kìs kcnljbòndb` gc n`s trìidb`s, Curëpdgcs‗ pucgcj csbubelrsc, rcsukdrsc, cj tlj sòn` gdcz kdjut`s. Cs nl cxdiul ecrcjbdl gc uj tdckp` quc, sdj ckolri`, y b`j ljtcrd`rdglg l Ircbdl, eloël tcstdk`jdlg` b`j lkpndtug, cj cn scj` gc nl ndtcrlturl y b`j ujl ls`kor`sl klgurcz, cn gcsvcjturlg` gcstdj` gc n`s scrcs euklj`s, b`k` n` fucrl cn subukodr gcn kcs`p`tìkdb` IdnilkcŬ olm` nls liuls gcn rë`, ` n`s ìidncs pdcs gcn flnncbdg` cj su lsbcjs` elbdl cn g`kdjd` bcncstc, tln b`k` qucgl jlrrlg` cj cn  Ndo  Ndor` r` gc n`s kuc kucrt`s rt`s   cidpbd`. Eloëlj sdg` csbrdt`s n`s bljt`s l Jcriln c Djljjl, nl gd`sl rcidgl p`r cn pnljctl Gdnolt8 su ordnn` j` crl `tr` quc cn gc Vcjus. Wlkodäj n`s p`ckls cncvlg`s ln sljlg`r Jdjlzu y nls pncilrdls ` sedtl-lol gdrdidgls ln nnuvd`s` Jukusegl. Mlsòj t`glvël j` sc eloël gctcjdg` l `tclr cn e`rdz`jtc cj ousbl gcn rcdj` gc Kcgcl, jd n`s Burctcs bljtlg` jd i`npclg` sus csbug`s plrl quc Br`j` j` `ycrl cn nnljt` gcn jdü` ]cus, l qudcj pcrsciuël b`j nl v`nujtlg gc glrnc kucrtc. T, pcsc l cst`, nl kýsdbl cs p`r supucst` kìs ljtdiul quc nl ndtcrlturl, qudzì p`rquc cn s`jdg` iulrgl ujl pr`pdcglg fujglbd`jln, cstì cj cn bdkdcjt` gc nls b`sk`i`jëls kìs cnlo`rlgls y gcbdsdvls8 nls pr`kucvc, nls lriukcjtl y lb`kplül. Q`r cs` sc elnnl kìs bcrbl gcn lrquctdp` quc nl plnlorl. Cn `ëg` j` subukoc l nls tdjdconls b`k` n` elbc nl vdstl8 tlkp`b` nl j`bec nc dkpdgc rcb`icr nl s`j`rdglg gc uj kujg` quc gurljtc cn gël el sdg` b`jmcturl y, nncilgl nl `sburdglg, sc vucnvc rcvcnlbdòj. Nl bcrtdgukorc gc Eöngcrndj s`orc jucstr` b`kctdg`, cn gc lb`icr uj sdncjbd` quc n`s gd`scs elj gcmlg` trls su pls`, gc﬌jc nl sdtulbdòj gc uj scr quc cstì gcstdjlg` l cxdstdr b`k` csbubel. Sjl lugdbdòj cj nl quc, sdj ckolri`, sc ousbl b`js`nlbdòj, cs gcbdr, scjtdg` y scüln gc `trl kljcrl gc b`jbc

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

odr nl rclndglg. B`jsucn`, Wr`st , cs, prcbdslkcjtc, n` quc ousblol cj cn pdlj` quc b`kprò cn coljdstl Crjst ]dkkcr plrl quc cn p`ctl n` t`blrl cj nl s`ncglg gc nl t`rrc gc plrcg lklrdnncjtl, sciurlkcjtc uj` gc bultr` `btlvls y kcgdl, qudzì gc bdjb`, b`k` crlj n`s djstrukcjt`s pr`pd`s gc n`s l﬌bd`jlg`s cj lqucnnl Wuodjil gc prdjbdpd`s gcn g cn sdin` x d x . Ln plrcbcr, Eöngcrndj rcpctël ujl y `trl vcz nl kdskl kcn`gël, lsë b`k` ujl scrdc gc j`tls sdj jdjiýj sdijd﬌blg`, diuln quc n` elrì Idlbdjt` Rbcnsd gurljtc su djtcrjlkdcjt` b`j uj ýjdb`, slnvë﬌b` y `oscsdv` nl ock`n. Bdcrtlkcjtc, ujl gc nls flbuntlgcs kly`rcs gc nl kýsdbl ‗lbls` nl kìs dkp`rtljtc‗cs nl gc prcstlr b`jsucn`, quc n`s irdci`s rc﬌rdcr`j b`j n`s tärkdj`s gc cuteykcëj, quc sdijd﬌bl ―lndvdlr cn ìjdk`—, y plrl  plrlteì teìnp np ŋ , quc vcjgrël l cxprcslr cs` quc b`j tljtl frcbucjbdl j`s cs jcbcslrd`= ―rcbdodr lndcj plrlkûte kûted`j d`j , n`s nlt`—. Sj lncjtlr. L n` quc cnn`s nnlklr`j plrl tdj`s n` gcj`kdjlr`j b`js`nltd`. • B`js`nltd` pedn`s`pedlc, O`cbd`. Le`rl p`gck`s gcbdr, lsdkdsk`, B`js`nltd` kusdblc. \ucrcr csbrdodr s`orc cn b`jsucn` cs, l su vcz, trltlr gc pcrpctulr nl kýsdbl. • Sjl xdn`irlfël gc n`s @btlidjtl ckonckltl k`rlndl j`vl , `orl gcn nutcrlj` Gljdcn Brlkcr puondblgl cj      cj nl bduglg gc Frìjbf`rt, csbcjd﬌bl cstc g`j quc dnukdjl nl cxdstcjbdl gc nl kýsdbl. Cj cn «Ckonckl xxxd ¸ uj blutdv`, l s`nls cj ujl bcngl quc sc lgdvdjl eýkcgl, cstì djk`vdndzlg`. Wdcjc nls pdcrjls trlolgls cj uj bcp`, n` su﬌bdcjtckcjtc ljbe` b`k` plrl lp`ylr cj än uj ndor` gc kýsdbl. Nls klj`s, sdj ckolri`, cstìj ndorcs8 t`bl cn nlýg. Brlkcr lgvdcrtc quc nl cspcrljzl y nl plbdcjbdl vcjbcj nls trdounlbd`jcs, s`kctcj cn lzlr. Nl cspcrljzl cs ﬌rkc b`k` uj ljbnl8 cs nl pn`klgl gcn gc n quc liulrgl. Qcr` n` quc vck`s cj vcrglg, cj nl ck

 

Gljdcn Brlkcr, Ckonckltl k`rlndl j`vl.

p`orcbdgl nuz gcn blnlo`z`, cs l lniudcj ousbljg` b`jsucn`. Sj`s lb`rgcs, uj gdoum` quc trlzl tr lzl ujl kcn`gël, n` b`jf`rtlj, elbcj nls vcbcs gc nnlvc plrl lqucn quc, cjbcrrlg`, sc trlsnlgc kcjtlnkcjtc l su e`ilr, l nls blnncs, l uj blkp` lplbdonc y lncmlg` gc su bìrbcn. Burd`slkcjtc, l nls bnlvdmls gc n`s djstrukcjt`s sc nls nnlklol «nnlvcs¸. J`, nl kýsdbl j` cs nl ýntdkl gc nls lrtcs cj lplrcbcr, b`k` cs b`stukorc l﬌rklr. Buljg` Frdcgrdbe Jdctzsbec bdrbujsbrdoc su jlbdkdcjt` cj «cn `t`ü` y cn klrbedtlr gc su bunturl¸ (Jdctzsbec b`jtrl Ylijcr , v ) sc cstì rc﬌rdcjg` l nl kýsdbl buntl gc @bbdgcjtc, l csl quc b`kcjzò l frliulrsc cj Cur`pl l plrtdr gc nl Cglg Kcgdl, cj n`s tdckp`s gc Lnbudj` gc T`rh, gc Mulj Csb`t` Crdýicjl y su lfëj y b`jtdjulg`r _ckdid` gc Luxcrrc. Cstc ýntdk` kljtuv` lkdstlg b`j Eubolngus, gurljtc uj tdckp` b`jsdgcrlg` cn lut`r gc Ku

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

sdbl cjbedrdlgds, cn gcbdsdv` trltlg` s`orc nl jlbdcjtc csbrdtu-

rl p`ndfòjdbl buyl fcbel sc sdtýl l ﬌jcs gcn sdin` d x . Lko`s, _ckdid` y Eubolngus, b`djbdgdcr`j uj`s lü`s cj cn k`jlstcrd` gc Rldjt-Lkljg, l kcgd` blkdj` cjtrc Blkorld y W`urjld, quc cj cn sdin` gc Mlj vlj v lj Cybh scrìj g`s bcjtr`s gcbdsdv`s plrl cn gcvcjdr kusdbln. Bdcrtlkcjtc, cj cst`s nuilrcs, t`blg`s p`r ujl cxtrlül vdrtug, jlbcrì nl kýsdbl quc djspdrlrì gurljtc sdin`s cn kìs j`tlonc rcpcrt`rd` cur`pc`, csc quc gcsnukorlrël l Hlrn Q`ppcr, pcrsulgdg` gc quc nl p`ndf`jël crl «nl rclndzlbdòj kìs djlugdtl, `rdidjln y vcrglgcrlkcjtc kdnlir`sl gc nl bdvdndzlbdòj `bbdgcjtln, sdj cxbnudr nl bdcjbdl¸ ( Oýsquc  Oýs qucgl gl sdj tärkdj`, x d d ). Qcr` ljtcs gc quc nl kýsdbl fucrl «kýsdbl¸ y «ncjiulmc pcjslonc¸, euo` uj s`jdg` prdk`rgdln buyl lugdbdòj pr`rrukpdò b`k` uj lvds`, b`k` ujl prdkcrl j`tdbdl quc elonlol gc lni` djb`rpòrc`8 crl nl djtudtdvl pcrbcpbdòj gc uj ﬏um` quc j`s gcmò cj bdcrjcs gc lqucnn` quc, nncilg` cn gël, scrëlk`s. Csbubelr nl jlturlnczl rckdtc djstdjtdvlkcjtc l buljt` fudk`s, cs uj k`g` gc `ër l n`s ljtcplslg`s, nl kljcrl gc tcjcrn`s p`r uj`s diulncs, cn kcgd` gc rct`rjlrn`s. Q`grël gcbdrsc quc n`s quc elodtlj cn plslg` rcstdtuycj ujl csbcjl pcrgdgl elbc kube`, buljg` j`s scjtëlk`s blplbcs gc cstlr ltcjt`s l `trls f`rkls scjsdtdvls y t`glvël j` eloëlk`s rcgubdg` nl cxdstcjbdl, cn b`j`bdkdcjt`, l ujl s`nl y bdrbujsbrdtl kdrlgl. J` cs f`rtudt` quc cj nls kdt`n`iëls y cj n`s csbrdt`s slirlg`s gc nls rcndid`jcs djluiurlncs cn s`jdg` lgqudrdcrl cn vln`r gc nl pr`fcbël. Nls s`j`rdglgcs ncmljls ncidtdklolj cn nuilr g`jgc nl vdorlbdòj lnbljzlol uj sdijd﬌blg`. Sjl oucjl plrtc gcn kujg` `rdidjlrd` sc icstò cj nl lugdbdòj. Nl pr`pdcglg lugdtdvl, cn s`jdg` t`klg` b`k` iuël y kcgdgl gc nl b`jbdcjbdl, elbc gcn scr uj csplbd` `ycjtc, uj cxdsḙ 

 Lh`ust ustdh dh , gc lh`ýcdj, ―`ër—. Lbýstdr cj cn pujt` gc csbubel. Lh` 

 

n ` p rcvd`

tdbl, s`j`rdglg quc lblol gc subcgcr y vdlml elstl cn `ëg`, kljdfcstlbdòj gc n` ncmlj` quc flbdndtl cn lscjtlkdcjt` gc jucstr` cstlr. • Nl kýsdbl cs ujl kljcrl gc pcjslr cn ldrc, uj k`g` gc lprcjgcr nl vdorlbdòj quc nl ltkòsfcrl gcml cj cn `ëg`. • cn irdt`, nl v`z

N`s slnt`s gc liul, vd`ncjtlg`s gcspuäs gc nl t`rkcjtl, cn trucj`, ujl r`bl gcspcülgl, cn oltdr gcn klr, bulnqudcrl gc nls s`j`rdglgcs quc gcspndcil nl jlturlnczl pr`pdbdlr`j nl djtcrd`rdzlbdòj lbýstdbl gc uj cxtcrd`r quc nl vdstl sòn` pcrkdtël `omctdvlr. Cj cn lnol gc nl eukljdglg ckpczò l icjcrlrsc uj g`onc cstrlt` cj nl pcrbcpbdòj gc n` rcln= cn dj﬏udg` p`r cn s`jdg` y cn quc vcjël gctcrkdjlg` p`r nl vdsdòj. Cj uj prdkcr k`kcjt`, t`glvël cj nl vdidndl gc nl kcjtc, l﬏`rò uj ncjiulmc j` vcroln, uj cstlgd` prc-ndjiþëstdb` y, p`r gcbdrn` gc lniýj k`g`, kusdbln. Cst` sdijd﬌bl quc, kdcjtrls nl cspcbdc dol  gc blkdj` ln elonl , eloëlj ckcridg` ujls f`jlbd`jcs lrtdbunlgls gc f`rkl pcbundlr, purls dkdtlbd`jcs gc n` lb`jtcbdg` cj nl jlturlnczl, ckunlbd`jcs gc sus cnckcjt`s, rcpctdbd`jcs gcn bljt` gc nls lvcs y cn ruidg` gc nls ﬌crls, t`g` cnn` lsdkdnlg` gc k`g` csp`jtìjc` b`k` uj dkpr`vdslg` sdstckl gc b`kujdblbdòj. Nncilrì cn tdckp` cj cn quc cn scr euklj` «sc rcýjl lnrcgcg`r gc su pr`pd` irdt`¸, b`k` el gdbe` Ckljucnc Rcvcrdj` cj Cn plrrdbdgd` flnndg` (d d ,  ). Cj sus pìidjls scülnl quc «nl cv`blbdòj gcn irdt` cs nl kýsdbl `rdidjlrdl gc n`s k`rtlncs¸ (dodg .,., d d ,  ) y, tlkodäj, quc «cn irdt` cstì cj cn bcjtr` gc nl ﬌cstl lrbldbl X…[, cstì cj nl blsl jltln gc nl plnlorl¸ (dodg .,., d d ,  ). Cn irdt`, cn irdtlr. Ru j`korc gcrdvl gc lqucn qudrdtlrc quc sc pr`gubël buljg` n`s bduglglj`s, n`s qudrdtcs, pcgëlj luxd

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

nd`. Irdtlr crl nnlklr l n`s `tr`s. @, t`glvël kìs, cn qucrdtlrd  cxpndblol  cxpndblol nl csbdsdòj lrbldbl, nl v`z quc rcircsl l su plrtc kìs prdkdtdvl, ln j` ncjiulmc. J` cs cn irdt` pr`fcrdg` b`jtrl cn sckcmljtc, j` cs nl `jgl drrciunlr quc n` lturgc y eukdnnl. Cstlk`s elonljg` gcn irdt` nljzlg` l s`nls, gcn irdt` prdkdtdv` y cj lplrdcjbdl djk`tdvlg`, cn quc j` `ocgcbc ln g`n`r. Elonlk`s gcn quc j` tdcjc rcspucstl l nl drl, b`k` `burrc cj cn r`str` slndg` gcn tlnncr gc Frljz Ulvcr Kcsscrsbekdgt8 j` cs cn Rhr  Rhrdh dh gc Cgvlrg Kujbe8 j` cs N—lj  N—ljdkl dkl gljjlt gl jjltll gc Kdiucn Ìjicn quc irdtl. J`s rcfcrdk`s l csl vd`ncjbdl prdkdicjdl, l nl scüln s`ndtlrdl quc b`j﬌rkl ujl b`ndsdòj b`j cn kujg`. Cstì cj nl rlëz gc n` euklj`. Rc irdtl p`rquc cn cjt`rj` irdtl. Irdtlr, cj cn f`jg`, sdijd﬌bl ldsnlrsc. Rc trltl gc uj s`jdg` quc cs rclbtdv` ljtc n` rcln, furdl gcn djdbd`. Ic`ri Rdkkcn gc﬌jdò cn irdt` b`k` cn rc﬏cm` gc ujl djblplbdglg ndjiþëstdbl ljtc uj «lb`jtcbdkdcjt` psëqudb` cncvlg`¸ (Cstugd`s psdb`nòidb`s y ctj`nòidb`s s`orc nl kýsdbl, pp.   -  ). Cs nl gcskcsurl quc slnc gc nl ilriljtl gcn lquc` Cstäjt`r8 cs cn ¡Lnlnì! gc Lqudncs rctukoljg` b`k` ujl tr`kpctl= nl gd`sl gc csc kdsk` j`korc sc elbël lugdonc cj nls oltlnnls. N`s e`pndtls nljzlolj uj ¡Lnlnì! p`rquc dkdtlolj cn irlzjlr gcn bucrv` cj prcslid` gc n`s cjckdi`s kucrt`s. Ely uj irdt` gc t`gls nls kucrtcs, gc t`g`s n`s b`k pdljtd   pdl jtd = cn gc Klrël y Klrël Kliglncjl slndgls gc Jdbb`nÿ gcnn—Lrbl, cn gc Ocrjdjd, cn gc Cjrdb` Fcrrlrdjd. Cj Cncusds sc `ël uj dlbeḙ , y cj n`s b`rtcm`s gd`jdsëlb`s uj cv`eä . Kdstcrd` y rupturl. • Buljg` elonlk`s, sc j`s bdfrl cj    go 8 sd irdtlk`s, lsbcjgck`s l     go , cn ukorln gcn g`n`r g `n`r plrl cn `ëg` (lmcj`). • Ely uj irdt` cj cn prdkcr E`k` v`blnds, y `tr` cj cn vdcm` y qudzì uj` gc n`s ýntdk`s p`onlg`rcs gc nl tdcrrl, cn E`k` 

 

n ` p rcvd`

tcbejdbus. Jdctzsbec `yò cn irdt` quc sc pr`gum` cjtrc n`s

ljtdiu`s irdci`s8 pr`bcgël gcn trltlg` gc plz cjtrc Lp`n` y Gd`jds`, y t`glvël kìs= gc nl rupturl gc g c csc plbt` p`r plrtc gcn cspërdtu gd`jdsëlb` y gc lqucnnl rcocndòj quc cjb`jtrò su csbcjl cj nls `riëls‗«cj nl lncirël kìs lntl rcsucjl cn irdt` gcn cspljt`¸‗, cj nl cstrdgcjbdl quc pr`gum` e`rr`r y lb`kctdò b`jtrl nl bëtlrl lp`nëjcl. N` bucjtl cj Cn jlbdkdcjt` gc nl trlicgdl ( ,  ). • Klrël ]lkorlj` gcmò csbrdt` quc «nl kýsdbl jlbc buljg` cn irdt` sc lnnljl, sc s`kctc l tdckp` y l jýkcr`, y cj nuilr gc drrukpdr cj cn tdckp` sc lgcjtrl cj än¸ (Cn e`korc y n` gdvdj`, p.    ). • Nl v`z, cn icj f`xp?  gcn elonl, cn vëjbun` cjtrc cn bògdi` icjätdb` y cn ncjiulmc, cs nl kcgdlg`rl cjtrc cstc ýntdk` y cn pcjslkdcjt`. Cj cnnl, cj nl v`z, vdvc nl b`jbdcjbdl gc uj djtcjtlr gcbdr, gc uj qucrcr elonlr. B`kdcjz` gcn b`kdcjz`. Cj nl rlëz djg`cur`pcl wch-w, quc sdijd﬌bl ―elonlr—, sc cjbucjtrl cn tärkdj` v`z , buy`s blubcs, b`k` n`s gc nl djtcndicjbdl, b`j﬏uycj cj uj kdsk` burs`. Ely uj lrb` tcjgdg` cjtrc nl v`z y su brdstlndzlbdòj cj cn f`jckl. L kcjug`, cn pcjslr el sdg` gcsbrdt` b`k` cn csplbd` djlprcjsdonc gcn vcro`. • Gc jucv` cn Qscug` Lrdstòtcncs y su gc﬌jdbdòj gc «v`z¸= cs uj ldrc quc el t`klg` ujl f`rkl (Qr`onckl x d ,   ). •  Mclj Lodt Lodto`n o`n,, cj  N—@g  N—@gyssä yssäcc gc nl v`dx v `dx , `oscrvò quc scrël rcgubbd`jdstl ltrdoudr nl b`j﬌iurlbdòj gc nl v`z ýjdblkcjtc l uj icj`kl. N` dkp`rtljtc, djgdbl, cs gdsbcrjdr bòk` nl «kcbìjdbl gcn vcro`¸ pcrkdtdò cn icrkdjlr gc nl b`jbdcjbdl y, b`j cnn`, nl brclbdòj gc uj kujg` quc scrì ncjtlkcjtc los`rodg` p`r cn pcjslr. Cstc lut`r el b`jbnudg` quc cn kdnc

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

jlrd` lprcjgdzlmc gcn E`k` v`blnds rcp`sl s`orc uj b`jbcpt` quc nncvl l lgkdtdr quc «nl v`z cs cn l g j  gcn pcjslkdcjt`, kdcjtrls quc gc nl plnlorl n` cs cn icj¸ (pp.   -  ). Nl prdkcrl rcsp`jgc l ujl ncmljl b`jstrubbdòj, l ujl lspdrlbdòj vcroln lncjtlgl p`r cn gcsc` gc b`kujdblbdòj, cj tljt` quc nl sciujgl sc b`kp`rtl b`k` ujl ujdglg icjätdbl gc jucstrl djtcndicjbdl quc pr`burl uj sdijd﬌blg` cspcbë﬌b`. Id`rid` Lilkocj n` gdbc gc `tr` k`g`= buljg` cn prdkltc gcn iäjcr` E`k` tuv` b`jbdcjbdl gc p`sccr ujl ncjiul, «nl scplrò gc së kdsk`¸, nl cxtcrd`rdzò b`k` sd gc uj `omct` sc trltlrl. B`j cnn` cxpunsò cn ncjiulmc «fucrl gc së¸, n` csbdjgdò gc su cscjbdl. Gcsgc csc k`kcjt`, nl lrtdbunlbdòj gc nl v`z ( pe  peŋ jḙ  äjlrter`s  äjlrter`s) scrì nl lrtdbunlbdòj gc nl pr`pdl vdgl, nl mujturl gc nl rclndglg, quc sc lndkcjtl gc nl v`z plrl p lrl brclr su pr`pd` b`jt`rj`, csbdjgdgl yl gcn scr euklj` (°\uä cs nl  ﬌n`s`f  ﬌n` s`fël0 ël0 8 välsc, p`r su djtcräs, cn b`jtcjdg` gc t`g` cn blpëtun`, «Cxpcrdkcjtuk v`bds¸, pp.  -  ). Nl bdcjbdl el cstugdlg` b`j gctcjdkdcjt` g ctcjdkdcjt` cstc pr`bcs`. Cn E`k` elodnds y cn E`k` crcbtus tuvdcr`j uj j`tlonc brcbdkdcjt` gcn jc`bòrtcx. Cn gcslrr`nn`, nl vël elbdl nl b`j﬌iurlbdòj bcrcorln, sc lprcbdò, s`orc t`g`, cj cn lirljglkdcjt` gc nl z`jl djfcrd`r p`stcrd`r gcn nòoun` fr`jtln (ìrcl gc Or`bl) y gc nl djfcrd`r gcn nòoun` plrdctln (ìrcl gc Ycrjdbhc). Qcr` cj cn E`k` slpdcjs cn lukcjt` cxbcpbd`jln gc nl klsl cjbcfìndbl y gcn jc`bòrtcx, cn yl ﬌rkc odpcgdsk`, nl vcrtdblndglg gcn tòrlx, gcn bucnn` y nl bloczl, nl olml gdsp`sdbdòj g dsp`sdbdòj gc nl nlrdjic, nl gcjtlgurl kcm`r gdspucstl y pr`p`rbd`jlgl, nl ﬏cxdodndglg b`stln, nl blplbdglg punk`jlr, nl k`rf`n`iël gc nls bucrgls v`blncs‗su kýsbun` cstì cstdkunlg` p`r uj s`n` jcrvd`, cn brljcln jýkcr` x , buyl vcn`bdglg gc rcspucstl cj nl f`jlbdòj cs gc     k/s (    hk/e), cj tljt` quc nl blptlbdòj lugdtdvl cs gc    k/s (    hk/s)‗y nl lkpndtug y n`s blrlbtcrcs rcs`jljtcs gcn trlbt` v`bln flv`rcbdcr`j ujl b`kujdblbdòj elstl cjt`jbcs djlugdtl, nnlkltdvlkcjtc prcbdsl, blplz gc rciunlr cn v`nukcj, nl lnturl y cn tdkorc gcn el

 

n ` p rcvd`

onl. Fuc cjt`jbcs, b`j cn lgvcjdkdcjt` gcn E`k` slpdcjs, buljg` qucgò ﬌mlg` cn f`xp? . Cn ncjiulmc dkpndbl nl pr`pdcglg gc j`korlr y, p`r csl kdskl rlzòj, gc p`sccr y lb`tlr lqucnn` quc sc j`korl. Cj än rcsdgc nl vcrglgcrl fujglbdòj, nl gc﬌jdtdvl nncilgl ln kujg` y nl lsujbdòj gc ujl b`jbdcjbdl rc﬏cxdvl, cs gcbdr, gcn b`j`bdkdcjt` quc uj` p`scc gc së kdsk`, l nl buln sc suklrì ujl b`jbdcjbdl pcrbcptdvl rcnlbd`jlgl b`j buljt` j`s cjvucnvc y gctcrkdjl. Qcr` nl plnlorl b`jbdcjbdl, tln b`k` nl cjtcjgck`s e`y, j` bucjtl b`j kube`s sdin`s gc ljtdiþcglg. \udzì elorël quc elonlr, sd vlk`s ln ncmlj` kujg` irdci`, gc «gcsl«gcslbucrg`¸, bucr g`¸, gc «ldsnlkdcjt`¸, plrl djtudr quä sc cjtcjgël p`r «b`jbdcjbdl¸= scjtdr quc sc cs ujl v`nujtlg scplrlgl gcn cxtcrd`r. Sjl csbdsdòj, p`r n` tljt`. • Nl gdvcricjbdl nncvl l nl suomctdvdglg, suomctdvdg lg, quc gcpcjgc gcn b`kprcjgcr, cst` cs, gc nl syjcëg Ē Ē sds sds , quc scrì cn nltdj` b`jsbdus . Cn sbdrc, cn slocr, nnciò b`k` uj cb` gcn shcd  djg`cur`pc`=   djg`cur`pc`= sdijd﬌bl ―b`rtlr—, cj su ltrdout` gc gdstdjiudr, gc cmcrbcr nl flbuntlg gc csb`icr y gcmlr l uj nlg` lqucnn` quc sc el rcbelzlg`. Qcjslr cs b`rtlr. • Qlrl cjtcjgcr nl b`jbdcjbdl cs jcbcslrd` rcburrdr l ujl plrlgòmdbl jciltdvdglg= plgcbcr cn pcs` gc nl «klnl b`jbdcjbdl¸, quc n`s irdci`s dgcjtd﬌blr`j b`j nl vcriþcjzl. Rcjtdrnl «prcsup`jc uj lnt` irlg` gc rc﬏cxdòj s`orc uj` kdsk`¸ (O. Rjcnn, Cn gcsbuordkdcjt` gcn cspërdtu, pp.    -   ). Q`grëlk`s `oscrvlr cj cnnl n`s prdkcr`s pls`s quc elorìj gc lbcrblrj`s l lqucnnl bcrtczl gc uj` kdsk` s`orc nl quc cspcbunò Ecicn cj nl Fcj`kcj`n`iël gcn cspërdtu, l su jlturlnczl b`jtrlgdbt`rdl, l nl `p`sdbdòj quc sc gl cj cn djtcrd`r gc 

 

n ` s f u j g lkcj t` s

blgl uj`, l nl bdrbujstljbdl gc﬌jdgl p`r uj djtcrj` dr y vcjdr, l uj rcb`j`bcrsc «cj cn g`onc blrìbtcr gc scr k`vdkdcjt` gc nl b`jbdcjbdl y cn scr ﬌m` gc ujl rclndglg quc sc kljd﬌cstl¸ («Bcrtczl y vcrglg gc nl rlzòj¸, b ). Nl p`tcjbdl gc nl v`z, su ëkpctu, b`jtrdouyò l cstloncbcr  mcr lrquëls  mcrlrq uëls,, l klrb klrblr lr y gc﬌ gc﬌jdr jdr tcrrdt`rd tcrrd t`rd`s. `s. Nl v`z irlvc y cjär cjär-idbl gcn e`korc cs b`jtckpnlonc b`k` uj cnckcjt` ltìvdb` gc dkp`sdbdòj. Nl csbubel b`edodgl, b`jgdbd`jlgl p`r ujl v`z p`gcr`sl, tcrkdjlrì cj nl lsujbdòj gc ujl `ocgdcjbdl. Cn tdckp` trljsburrdrì, gcvcjgrìj nls ncjiuls8 nncilrì cn tärkdj` lhýcdj= ―csbubelr—, ―`ocgcbcr—. Cj nltëj, `o`cgdrc  (`o lugdrc)= ―bukpndr uj kljglt`—. Q`grëlk`s ljtcp`jcr nl v`z gcn jòklgl‗nl v`z e`rdz`jtln quc j` cstloncbc, nl quc j` sc rcpdtc, nl quc sc lncml cj cn pldslmc y sc sdncjbdl‗l nl v`z vcrtdbln gcn scgcjtlrd`, quc cs sdckprc nl kdskl, csl quc dkp`jc su b`stukorc, nl quc sc pcrpctýl y crdic b`k` uj vlnnlg`. Gctcjcrsc l csbubelr nl v`z pr`pdl sup`jc sdtulrsc s dtulrsc cj nl cxdstcjbdl, rcb`j`bcr cj quä nuilr sc cstì, kìxdkc buljg` cn pcjslkdcjt` lb`stukorl l nncvlrj`s l `tr` csplbd`, l `trl uodblbdòj. Nl v`z brcl uj cjt`rj`. Sjl v`z s`ndtlrdl rcprcscjtl uj vdvdr ujës`j`8 sd pucgc kczbnlrsc b`j `trls v`bcs sc sc gcoc l quc, kutul y prcvdlkcjtc, t`gls sc elj gdsbcrjdg` cj su pr`pd` ujës`j`. Gc leë quc nl b`kujdblbdòj elil quc cn kujg` scl kcj`s `rdidjlrd`, kcj`s djdbdln, lujquc plrczbl kìs bcrblj`. _csp`jgc l uj plbt`. Csbubelr cs lvcjturlrsc l lolrblr y, s`orc t`g`, gcbdgdrsc l lsukdr cn plslg`, lbcptlr quc t`gl v`z pr`vdcjc gc n` kìs ncmlj` quc ely cj j`s`tr`s, buy` prdjbdpd` cs sdi ḙ , ―sdncjbd`—. B`k` cjcriël prc-ndjiþëstdbl b`jtò gcsgc su k`kcjt` lur`rln b`j uj sdijd﬌blg`, n` tuv` ljtcs gc b`jvcrtdrsc cj uj s`jdg` gcsbdfrlonc, cj uj f`jckl. Djgdblol uj lplrcbcr, ujl djkcgdltcz, uj le`rl fucrl gcn tdckp`, p`rquc ästc, cj su b`kdcjz`, j` tcjël gurlbdòj, j` crl pls`= blrcbël gc bucjtl. Nl ckdsdòj v`bln crl uj prcslid` gcn gcbdr. J` eloël‗j` ely‗ 

 

n ` p rcvd`

ujl s`j`rdglg vlbël, lujquc blrcbdcrl‗` blrczbl‗gc scjtdg`, n` kdsk` quc nl rlkl djsdijd﬌bljtc cbelgl l uj rë` quc sc eujgc y ckcric cj uj zdizliuc`, pcr` quc cs blplz gc rcbnlklr nl ltcjbdòj y gcspcrtlr cn pcjslkdcjt` gc qudcj nl kdrl ltcjt` kdcjtrls sc pdcrgc b`rrdcjtc lolm`. B`k` cj nl olrbl gc Blr`jtc, csl gc ljbels bulgcrjls quc bruzl n`s lzuncs cstdid`s gc Qltdjdr, Qltdjd r, nl v`z jlvcil sdckprc elbdl su ﬌jln. Ròn` sc pr`n`jil cj nl rcvcrocrlbdòj gc uj cb`, cj nl rcpctdbdòj gc nl rcpctdbdòj r cpctdbdòj gc nl v`z gc qudcjcs qud cjcs cxdstdcr`j, y quc cs nl jucstrl. jucstr l. • Ely ujl v`z quc jujbl elorël sdg` b`jfujgdgl cj Olocn. • B`jsucn` gc nl kýsdbl

Nl kýsdbl y nl kucrtc. Sjl ljtdiul lndljzl8 sc jcbcsdtlj, sc frcbucjtlj. Cs nl ýjdbl lkdstlg quc sc bukpnc cj cn ýntdk` kujg`, ` cj nl ýntdkl p`sdodndglg gc g c kujg`. Cj nls klj`s gc ujls kubelbels ìtdbls ely uj nlýg8 n`s irdci`s n` nnlklolj pljg  pljg`ýr `ýrll. N` elj t`klg` gc Cidpt`, n` elj lprcjgdg` gcn vlnnc cj cn quc n`s gdfujt`s csbubelj nls j`tls ﬌jlncs gc blgl m`rjlgl. Nls bucrgls sucjlj must` g`jgc ckpdczl cn k`rdr, g`jgc cstì n` bunkdjlg`. Nls g`jbcnnls f`rklj plrtc gc uj slrbòfli`8 slrhò-peli`s qudcrc gcbdr, ndtcrlnkcjtc, ―b`kc-blrjc—. ―b`kc-blrjc—. Nl vdgl, j` gc kljcrl ncjtl, sc gcsb`kp`jc. Jlgdc s`p`rtlrël vcr nl csbcjl gctlnnlgl gcn gcsiulbc. Sjl kcn`gël buorc tljt` b`k` nl tdcrrl. J`s gdstrlc, djv`bl j` slock`s quä, elbc quc kdrck`s elbdl lrrdol kdcjtrls n` lo`kdjlonc subcgc lolm`, l `sburls. Cstc lplrtlr nl vdstl y ﬌mlrnl cj n` lnt` b`jsucnl. Nl kýsdbl b`jstruyc lnturl, flordbl uj p`r cjbdkl8 cj cnnl sucjl uj cstlr l slnv`. 