Experiment 401

1. What happens to the distribution of magnetic flux lines when the iron ring was placed in between the U-magnets? The U-magnets have their unlike poles facing each other so it there will be an attraction between the poles. When an iron ring is placed within them, it affects the distribution of the magnetic flux lines. The iron ring causes the magnetic flux lines to curve and serves a boundary in the center but still connecting unlike poles. 2. How does changing the current affect the magnetic force on a wire suspended in a magnetic field? A current passing through a wire suspended in a magnetic field creates its own magnetic force in some direction. Increasing the current also increases the force, and vice-versa, and changing the current also changes the direction of the force. The direction can be determined by the right hand rule. 3. What would happen if the magnets in the assembly were not properly arranged, meaning the N pole of the magnets is right next to the S pole of the other magnet? If the poles of the magnet is not properly arranged, 4. What is the effect of changing the orientation of the loop of wires in the last part of the experiment? What orientation gives the maximum force? The minimum force? Having the formula of force, F=ILBsintheta, the increasing value of sine function gives an increasing amount of force, and viceversa, where the range of the angle is -90 < theta < 90. When the angle is -90 degree, it produces a negative force which is the minimum force and when the orientation is on 90 degrees, it gives the maximum force. 5. What does the digital balance reading represent? What does the magnets represent? What is the relationship between the two?

The digital balance reading represents the upward or downward force exerted by the magnetic field and the current passing through. And the magnets represent the magnitude of the magnetic field present. Increasing the number of magnets will increase the magnetic field. The relationship between the two is directly proportional. Increasing the magnitude of one will also increase the other’s and vice-versa.

Remarks: In the first part of experiment, the magnetic field of permanent magnets, we got an evidence of how magnetic fields react to magnetic poles or the principle of attraction and repulsion. When two same poles are facing each other, their magnetic fields repel causing the magnetic flux lines to go upward and downward. The magnetic flux lines will never connect the two poles. Facing unlike poles will have their magnetic fields attract so the magnetic flux lines connect them. When a u-magnets with their unlike poles facing each other, attraction happens, but when an iron ring is placed between the u-magnets, the iron ring will serve as a boundary and the inner ring will have no magnetic flux lines since magnetic field is not present because it is filled with air. The second part of the experiment, magnetic force currentcarrying conductor, is to determine the relationship of magnetic force and its factors. The first table is between magnetic force and magnetic field. All other factors are remained constant and increasing number of magnets are used to change the magnetic field. We can see the increasing magnetic force in gram and in newton as the number of magnets increases. So magnetic force and magnetic field have a direct relationship. The second table of this part is between force and current. All other factors are remained constant and only the current varies. When the current is at zero, the magnetic force is also zero and when we increased the current, the magnetic force also increases. Still have a direct relationship. The third table is between the magnetic force and length of current loop. All other factors are constant and the current loop changes to see their relationship. When we used the shortest length, we got a small amount of magnetic force and when we used the longest length, we got a large amount of magnetic force. So the relationship is still direct.

The last table is the magnetic force and orientation of coil. The orientation of coil is the angle between the magnetic field and the current. The angle now varies from -90 to 90 degree and other factors are constant. When the current and magnetic field are aligned, we got a zero force. When we increased the angle to 90, the force is increasing and got the maximum force at 90 and when we revered the angle, going to -90, we will have a negative force. So the relationship is also direct. There are many possible causes of error in this experiment. The number one possible error is human error. In the first table, when we got the poles facing at wrong poles, as instructed on the manual, we will have a wrong direction. Another is one the next part of the experiment are the apparatuses used. The power supply is a possible error too because it is hard to adjust the values.

Conclusion: The first objective is achieved, which is to study the nature of magnetic fields around the poles of magnets. By observation on the experiment conducted, magnetic flux lines align depending on the poles that are facing. According to scientific principle on magnetic poles, when two poles are opposite (south and north) and facing, the magnetic flux lines will be connecting them. But if the poles are the same, the magnetic flux lines will repel and will never connect the poles. The principle of attraction and repulsion. The second and third objectives are also achieved by the following part of the experiment, which is to determine the magnitude of magnetic force on a current-carrying wire and the nature of the relationships between magnetic force and magnetic field, current, length and orientation of currentcarrying wire. Using the scientific formula for getting magnetic force, F=ILBsintheta, and the experiment done, I can conclude and ascertain the relationships between the force and its factors. These are the factors namely; I for current, L for length, B for the magnitude of magnetic field and theta for the orientation of current-carrying wire. Since the all the factors are proportional to force, I therefore conclude that the force will increase if one, and the rest remains constant, or all factors increases and vice-versa. There are many real life applications of magnetic fields and magnetic force and the common is the magnetic compass used for hiking. A magnetic compass works because Earth itself is like a giant bar magnet, complete with vast arcs of magnetic force, called the geomagnetic field, surrounding the planet. Scientifically speaking, the true north is not the same as the north magnetic pole as true south is not the same with the south magnetic pole. The reason that the compass always pointing true north is because the magnetic flux lines are going the south magnetic pole or the true north. However, magnetic

poles are the not align with the geographic poles and it changes over time. Another application would be a speaker. There are magnets inside speakers that can be electrical energy produced into sound energy. There are and will be a lot of practical applications of this concept and this can be used for future references of future technologies. One could be a levitated mobiles and trains in near future done by magnetic levitation. Magnetism is not just magnetism but a broad concept of modern physics that can be applied to another sciences.