Experiencia de Implementación de ISO 17025 para La Acreditación de Un Laboratorio de Pruebas Universitario

 

Bnnrfm Rube Bssur (:;;8) 2:1>28„>:: MIL 2;.2;;8/s;;87rm Geiir, ;0;:0 Jbrnfeiob, ^pblo f-dble1 diotsf.eeburbmiKuj.fm diotsf.eeburbmiKuj.fmu u

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  ]i pfrgi pfrgird rd pbrt ig t`f qube qubelty lty niot niotrie rie bssby bssbyss ig t`f Fovlriodfotbe Zbmlieihy Dioltirloh [rihrbds briuom ounefbr ounef br piwfr pebots.   ]i iggfr iggfr b sfrv sfrvln lnff ig rbml rbmliei ieihl hlnb nbee df dfbsu bsurf rfdf dfot ot ti pujeln bom prlvbtf fotfrprlsfs.   ]i mi rfsfbrn` loti t`f ldprivfdfot ig dft`ims gir t`f dfbsurfdfot ig rbmlibntlvlty.   ]i nieebj nieebjirbt irbtff wlt wlt` ` it` it`fr fr irhbol irhbolsbt sbtlio lioss lo snl snlfot fotlfln lfln bntlvltlfs sun` bs t`f prfpbrbtlio ig rfgfrfonf dbtfrlbes bom t`f rfbelsbtlio ig fovlriodfotbe stumlfs.

]`f rfsfbrn` hriup stbrtfm wircloh io qubelty bssurbonf lo 2::

Ldpefdfotbtlio ig L^I 28;:6 bt uolvfrslty ebjirbtirlfs

qubelty,, jfnbusf qubelty jfnbusf rfsfbr rfsfbrn` n` bom tfs tfstlo tloh h brf bnt bntlvl lvltlf tlfss t`bt t`bt pursuf mlggfrfot tbrhf tbrhfts. ts. Lo :;;>, t`f EZB dbobhfdfot mfnlmfm ti mfvfeip bo lotfrobe R^ stbrtloh grid t`f systfd io FO =6;;2, ti bmipt t` t`ff lo lotf tfro robt btli liob obee st stbo bomb mbrm rm L^ L^I I 28;: 28;:6 6 bom bom ti ijtb ijtblo lo bnnrfmltbtli bnnrf mltbtlio o gir sidf ig t`f bssbys mfvfeipf mfvfeipfm. m. ]`ls dfbot rfsfbrn` bntlvltlfs wiuem jf efgt iut ig t`f snipf ig t`f R^. ]`f ldpefdfotbtlio ig R^ lo b uolvfrslty ebjirbtiry ls ml mlgg ggfr frfo fott ti t` t`bt bt lo bo boy y it`f it`frr clom clom ig ebji ebjirb rbti tiry ry.. Lo bo

]`f mfvfeipdfot ig b sfrvlnf elcf t`f EZB rfqulrfs t`f niipfrbtlio ig dboy lotfrobe uolts. ]`f EZB ls pbrt ig t`f Bobe Bobeytl ytlnb nbee N` N`fd fdls lstry try Mfpb Mfpbrtd rtdfo fott bt t` t`ff Gb Gbnu nuety ety ig  N`fdlstry. Dboy mlggfrfot uolts hlvf suppirt ti t`f EZB, bs s`iwo lo Glh.   2. ]`f Zbmlibntlvf Lostbeebtlio but`irlsfs t`f EZB ti usf t`f ebjirbtirlfs ti mfvfeip t`f tfsts. ]`f Lsitipln Bobeysls ^frvlnf bom t`f Zbmlinbrjio Mbtf ^fr-

lo lost stltu ltutli tlio o w`frf w`frf rfsf rfsfbr brn` n` bom bom tfbn tfbn`l `loh oh brf brf t`f t`f db dblo lo bntlvltlfs, t`f mfvfeipdfot ig boy it`fr bntlvlty, sun` bs b sfrvlnf, `bs ti jf miof slmf jy slmf wlt` bee t`f it`frs. Ldpefdfotbtlio ig L^I 28;:6 wiuem ioey jf bn`lfvbjef lg  lt hfofrb hfofrbtfm tfm b pis pisltlv ltlvff ldpbnt ldpbnt io tfbn`l tfbn`loh oh bom rfs rfsfbr fbrn` n` bntlvltlfs. ]`f ldpefdfotbtlio ig t`f R^ beeiwfm t`f sfrvlnf ti bn`lfvf bnnrfmltbtlio, w`ln` hlvfs lt jit` rfniholtlio bom b hiim ldbhf ti nelfots. Jut lt besi `bm b pisltlvf lo﬊ufonf io t`f it`fr bntlvltlfs ig t`f rfsfbrn` hriup. Io t`f iof `bom, slonf sidf ig t`f rfsfbrn` brfbs brf s`brfm wlt` t`f EZB, t`f R^ jriuh`t ldprivfm niotrie ig bee fqulpdfot bom sidf n`bohfs lo t`f wby ig wircloh, hubrbotffloh tffloh t`f qubelty qubelty ig t`f rfsuets rfsuets pri primun munfm. fm. Io t`f it`fr

vlnf hlvf tfn`olnbe suppirt. ]`f Rubelty Bssurbonf Volt bnts bs t`f lotfrobe bumlt jimy, bom besi bssfssfm t`f EZB murloh t`f flrst stfps ig ldpefdfotbtlio. Globeey, t`f sfnrftb rftbry ry ig t` t`ff Bobey Bobeytln tlnbe be N` N`fd fdls lstry try Mf Mfpb pbrtd rtdfo fott hl hlvf vfss bmdlolstrbtlvf suppirt. ]`f ldpefdfotbtlio ig b R^ io L^I 28;:6 lo b ebjirbtiry w`ln` prfsfots t`fsf pbrtlnuebrltlfs nfrtbloey dbcfs lt b dirf nidpefx bntlvlty t`bo lo it`fr cloms ig ebjirbtiry. It`f It`frr uolv uolvfr frslt slty y eb ebji jirb rbti tirlf rlfss `bvf `bvf wirc wircfm fm ti ijtb ijtblo lo bnnrfmltbtlio. ]`f dimfe prfsfotfm jy Zimldf ft be. S8 S8T bt t`f Volvfrslt Volvfrslty y ig ]br ]brtu tu niosls nioslstfm tfm ig b nfo nfotrb trbee uol uoltt t`b t`btt dbobhfs t`f systfd bom ‐‐bnts““ bs b sfrvfr ig R^. Lo iur nbsf, b mfslho elcf t`ls wbs oit pissljef, slonf oi uolt niuem bnt bs b sfrvfr.

`bom, tfbn`loh io qubelty bssurbonf wbs bjef ti jf miof grid b dirf rfbelstln pilot ig vlfw, bs tfbn`frs lovievfm lo t`f R^ wfrf bjef ti usf t`flr iwo fxpfrlfonf ti tfbn` io qubelty qubelt y bssurb bssurbonf onf dbttfrs lo niursf niursfss iggfrfm iggfrfm ti Jbn`f Jbn`feir eir bo bom m [` [`.M .M.. ef efvf vfee bo bom m besi besi gir gir t`f t`f nrfb nrfbtli tlio o ig fmun fmunbtl btlvf vf dbtfrlbes bom t`f mfslho ig R^ gir tfbn`loh ebjirbtirlfs S>„7T. ]`f prfsfo prfsfott wirc wirc mfsnrl mfsnrljfs jfs t`f pbr pbrtlnu tlnuebr ebrltlf ltlfss ig t`f ldpefdfotbtlio ig t`f R^ jbsfm io t`f L^I 28;:6 stbombrm lo b sdbee uolvfrslty tfstloh ebjirbtiry, t`f prlonlpefs ig  ipfrbtlio bom t`f niosfqufonfs sun` bo bnnrfmltbtlio `bm lo t`f rfsfbrn` hriup“s wirc.

[frsioofe brf qultf b pbrtlnuebrlty ig uolvfrslty ebjirbtirlfs. ]`f efvfe ig fxpfrtlsf ls `lh`, igtfo fxnffmloh t`f rfqu rfqulrf lrfdf dfot otss gir gir t` t`ff wirc wirc ti jf miof miof.. Lo t` t`ff nbsf nbsf ig  t`f EZB, dbobhfdfot ipfrbtlios bom rfvlslio ig tfsts brf t`f rfspiosljlelty ig tfbn`frs bom rfsfbrn`frs lo t`f hriup ir t`f suppirtloh uolts. Ebjirbtiry tbscs brf nbrrlfm iut jy nio niotrb trbntfm ntfm bobey bobeysts sts ir jy yiu yiuoh oh rfs rfsfbr fbrn`f n`frs rs bt fbr fbrey ey stbhfs lo t`flr nbrffrs. ]`ls nbusfs mfmlnbtlio ti jf bggfntfm jy pfrsiobe nbrffr mfvfeipdfot bom tfbn`loh bntlvltlfs. Bee t`fsf gbntirs dbcfs t`f oudjfr ig pfipef lovievfm wlt` t`f EZB (0) vfry `lh` rfebtlvf ti t`f oudjfr ig bssbys pfrgirdfm (bjiut 26; pfr yfbr).

VOLWFZ^L]\ IG JBZNFEIOB

 

N`fdlstry Gbnuety

BobeytlnbeN`fdlstry Mfpbrtdfot

^FNZF]BZ\

 

L^I]I[LN BOBE\^L^ ^FZWLNF

Zfsfbrn` Hriup

Brfb ig  Zfsfbrn`

^nlfotlgln-]fn`olnbe ^frvlnfs

RVBEL]\ B^^VZBONF VOL]

Zbmlieihlnbe [ritfntlio

ZBMLINBZJIO MB]B]LIO ^FZWLNF

ZBMLIBN]LWF LO^]BEEB]LIO

EZB

Irhbolsbtlio o n`brt ig t`f EZB lo t`f Volvfrslty ig Jbrnfeiob.  ]`lo elofs  lomlnbtf t`f mlggfrfot uolts, w`ln` niotrljutf wlt` pfrsioofe ti Glh. 2   Irhbolsbtli t`f EZB. ]`f  mittfm elof   lomlnbtfs t`f suppirt ig t`f Zbmlibntlvf Lostbeebtlio, bs lt but`irlsfs t`f usf ig lostbeebtlios

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Bnnrfm Rube Bssur (:;;8) 2:1>28„>::

^un` b nidpefx irhbolsbtlio n`brt bom t`f pbrtlnuebrltlfs ig pfrsioofe mfmlnbtlio niuem fom up wlt` rfspiosljleltlfs jfloh jfloh sidfw` sidfw`bt bt mls mlspfr pfrsfm sfm.. Ldp Ldpefdf efdfotl otloh oh b R^ io L^I 28;: 28;:6 6 rfqu rfqulr lrfm fm b prig prigiu iuom om n` n`bo bohf hf ig dl dlom omsf sft, t, gr grid id bntlvltlfs t`bt niuem jf pfrgirdfm jy boyiof ti bntlvltlfs elo elocfm cfm ti hlvfo hlvfo rfs rfspio pioslj sljlelt leltlfs lfs bom spfnlfl spfnlflnn pfrsio pfrsios, s, lo irmfr ti beeiw t`f EZB ti wirc fgflnlfotey wlt`iut lotfrgfrloh wlt` t`f rfst ig t`f bntlvltlfs ig lts dfdjfrs.

]`f qubelty systfd ig t`f EZB Hlvfo t`f gbnt t`bt t`f stbombrm rfqulrfdfots brf mlvlmfm lot loti i dbobhf dbobhfdfo dfott bom tfn`ol tfn`olnbe nbe rfq rfqulrf ulrfdfo dfots, ts, bom t`b t`btt t`frf wbs b hrfbt mlggfrfonf lo t`f efvfe ig bppribn` ti fbn` ig t`f t`fd, d, lt wbs mfnlmfm mfnlmfm ti wirc wirc lo fbn` nbt nbtfhi fhiry ry lomflomfpfomfotey. Bt flrst, wirc nfotrfm ioey io bn`lfvloh dbobhfdfot rfqulrfdfots. ]`f jbsln blds ig t`f ofw R^ brf mfflofm lo t`f qubelty pielny1 • •

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  Ldpefd Ldpefdfot, fot, dblotblo, dblotblo, nirrfnt bom ldpriv ldprivff t`f R^.   Hubrb Hubrbotff otff rfelbj rfelbjlelty, lelty, ijafnt ijafntlvlty, lvlty, lomfpfomfo lomfpfomfonf nf bom ldpbrtlbelty ig bee bntlvltlfs mfvfeipfm. Nioflmfotlbelty bom sfnurlty ig logirdbtlio wlee jf dblotblofm gir bee bntlvltlfs.   [rivlmf bom db dbobhf obhf t`f rfsiurnfs, rfsiurnfs, dbtfrlbe bom `udbo, ti hubrbotff hubrbotff t`bt bntlvltlfs bntlvltlfs mfvfeipfm bnnidpels bnnidpels` ` t`f rfqulr rfq ulrfdf fdfots ots ig t`f R^ bom bn`lf bn`lfvf vf dbx dbxldu ldud d fgflfgflnlfony.   [riditf t`f qubelty ig t`f bntlvltlfs w w`ln` `ln` tbcf pebnf lo t`f EZB.   Bnnidp Bnnidpels` els` efhbe bom stbomb stbombrm rm rfqulrfdfots. rfqulrfdfots.   [ridit [riditff niotlouiu niotlouiuss trbloloh ig bee t`f pfrsioofe.   Cff Cffp p t`f pfrsi pfrsioof oofee up ti mbt mbtff wlt wlt` ` t`f tfn` tfn`oie oieihl ihlnbe nbe coiwefmhf bppelnbjef ti t`f mlggfrfot tfsts.   [ri [ridit ditff rfebtli rfebtlios os wlt wlt` ` t`f sin sinlbe, lbe, lom lomust ustrlbe rlbe,, fmunbfmunbtliobe bom rfsfbrn rfsfbrn` ` fovlr fovlriodfo iodfot. t.   [ridit [riditff bntlvltlf bntlvltlfss t`bt brf sfnurf bom rfspfntgue rfspfntgue ti t`f fovlriodfot.   Nirrf Nirrfnt nt sfnurlty s`irtnidlohs s`irtnidlohs w`ln` brf mftfntfm. mftfntfm.   Ijt Ijtblo blo t`f dbxldu dbxldud d hrbmf hrbmf ig sbtlsgb sbtlsgbntli ntlio o gri grid d t`f nelfots.

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n`brhf ig b gbdley ig tfsts, bom dust dbobhf bee minudfots n`brhf bom rfe rfebtf btfm m rfh rfhlstf lstfrs. rs. ]`fy ]`fy brf besi besi rfs rfspio pioslje sljeff gir t`f qubelty niotrie ipfrbtlios bom gir t`f rfsuets hlvfo lo tfst rfpirts. ]`f dbobhfr ig t`f Lsitipln Bobeysls ^frvlnf ls ]fn`olnbe Dbobhfr gir hbddb fdlttfrs bom rbmlistriotlud tfsts, w`lef t`f dbobhfr ig t`f Zbmlinbrjio Mbtf ^frvlnf tbcfs t`bt rief gir t`f rbmlinbrjio tfsts. ]fn`olnbe Mlrfntlio besi bssudfs tfn`olnbe dbobhfdfot gir t`f mftfrdlobtlio ig bep`b fdlttfrs bom trltlud. ]`f ]`f sbdf sbdf tf tfbn bn`f `frr w` w`i i ls rfsp rfspio ioslj sljef ef gir gir tf tfn` n`ol olnbe nbe mlrfntlio ls lo n`brhf ig t`f R^ Dbobhfdfot. ]`ls gbnt `bm mlrfntlio b pisltlvf ldpbnt io t`f flobe rfsuet, jfnbusf t`ls tfbn`fr hulmfm tfn`olnbe dbobhfrs ti bmipt uolgird nrltfrlb gir bee t`f tfsts, bom hubrbotffm ni`frfonf jftwffo dbobhfdfot bom t`f tfn`ol tfn`olnbe nbe slmfs ig t`f R^. Bmv Bmvbot botbhf bhf wbs besi besi tbcfo ig t`f bdiuo bdiuott ig wirc t`ls rfvls rfvlslio lio dfbot, ti privlm privlmff b jbn`feir wlt` prbntlnbe trbloloh io t`f sujafnt ig qubelty db dbob obhf hfdf dfot ot,, w`ln w`ln` ` lo t` t`ff fo fom m ni niue uem m jf prfs prfsfo fotfm tfm bs fxpfrldfotbe wirc bt t`f efvfe ig t`f Dbstfr“s mfhrff. ]i hft pfrsi pfrsioof oofee lov loviev ievfm fm bs dun dun` ` bs pis pisslje sljef, f, bom nioslmfrloh t`f sdbee oudjfr ig wircfrs lo t`f EZB, lt wbs mfnlmfm t`bt bee t`f stbgg wiuem bttfom booube dbobhfdfo bhf dfott rfv rfvlfw lfwss ig t`f systfd systfd ti fos fosurf urf lts niotlou niotlouloh loh sultbjlelty bom fggfntlvfofss. Bt t`f sbdf tldf, t`ls pbrtlnlpbtlio turofm iut ti jf bo fxnfeefot girdbtlvf bntlvlty gir t`f dfdjfrs efss lovievfm lo t`f dbobhfdfot bntlvltlfs, sun` bs ]fn`olnbe Dbobhfrs bom tfn`olnlbos. Dbobhfdfot Dbobh fdfot pebooloh stbrtfm wlt` t`f minudfot systfd. Dbcloh lt usfgue wbs qultf b n`beefohf, jfnbusf lt `bm ti tbcf loti bnniuot t`f mlggfrfot einbtlios w`frf ipfrbtlios brf nbrrlfm iut, t`f mlggfrfonfs fxlstloh bdioh t`f mlggfrfot uolts bom t`f gbnt t`bt t`f pfrsioofe ls sujafnt ti grfqufot n`bohf. ]`f sldpelnlty ig b systfd w`frf dist pfipeff brf `lh`ey qubelflfm jfnidfs nidpelnb pfipe nidpelnbtfm tfm w`fo t`f grfqufot grfqu fot lonirpirbt lonirpirbtlio lio ig pfrsio pfrsioofe ofe `bs ti jf gbnlelt gbnleltbtfm. btfm. Lo t`f fom, t`f minudfot systfd wbs strunturfm lo b sldlebr wby ti t`f lot lotfro frobe be irh irhbol bolsbt sbtlio lio n`b n`brt, rt, sfpbrb sfpbrbtloh tloh dbo dbo--

Iof Iof ig t` t`ff di dist st ld ldpi pirtb rtbot ot bspf bspfnt ntss ig L^I L^I 28;: 28;:6 6 ls lm lmfo fotl tlfln flnbt btli lio o ig tbsc tbscss bo bom m t`f t`f mfsl mfslho hobt btli lio o ig sidf sidf rfspiosljleltlfs gir jit` tfn`olnbe bom dbobhfdfot bntlvltlfs. Lo t`f nbsf ig t`f EZB, t`f Mlrfntir ig t`f rfsfbrn` hriup besi bssudfs mlrfntlio ig t`f ebjirbtiry. B tfbn`fr bssudfs tfn`olnbe mlrfntlio, w`i ls lo n`brhf ig t`f dbobhfdfot ig t`f fnioidln bom `udbo rfsiurnfs ig t`f EZB, t`f peb pebool ooloh oh ig wirc wirc bnnirm bnnirmloh loh ti nelfot nelfots“ s“ rfq rfqulrf ulrfdfo dfots ts bom t`f dbobhfdfot ig niddfrnlbe ipfrbtlios. ]fn`olnbe

bhfdfott gri bhfdfo grid d tfn`ol tfn`olnbe nbe bnt bntlvl lvltlfs tlfs jy dfbo dfboss ig mlg mlggfrf gfrfot ot minudfot typfs. ]`f Rubelty Dboube, bnnfssljef ti boyiof w`i dlh`t rfqulrf lt S0 S0T, ls strunturfm lo t`f sbdf wby bs t`f L^I 28;:6, w`ln` `bs t`f bmvbotbhf ig dbcloh lt fbslfr gir gir bo fxtf fxtfro robe be jimy jimy ti bu buml mltt oird oird bn bnni nidp dpels els`d `dfo fot. t. @iwfvfr, t`f Rubelty Dboube mifs oit loneumf b nidpeftf fxpebo fxp ebobtli btlio o ig fbn fbn` ` bsp bspfnt fnt,, jfnbus jfnbusff lt wbs nioslm nioslmfrf frfm m jfttfr ti loneumf jrlfg fxpebobtlios t`bt rfgfrrfm ti dirf mftblefm stbombrm ipfrbtloh prinfmurfs. ]`fsf wlee, lo turo, hfofrbtf girds bom rfhlstfrs. ]`us, t`f mffpfr iof hifs lo t`f minudf minudfotb otbtlio tlio,, t`f dirf dirf mftble mftblefm fm ls t`f logirdb logirdbtlio tlio bjiut t`f spfnlfln bntlvltlfs miof lo t`f EZB. Bpbrt grid t`f Rubelty Dboube, t`f systfd nioslsts ig b titbe ig 8> prinfmurfs, nebsslflfm bs gieeiws1

Mlrfntlio Mlrfnt lio nii niirmlo rmlobtf btfss t`r t`rff ff ]fn`ol ]fn`olnbe nbe Dbo Dbobhf bhfrs rs w`i jfeioh jfeioh ti mlg mlggfr gfrfot fot uolts. uolts. Fbn Fbn` ` ]fn ]fn`ol `olnbe nbe Dbo Dbobhf bhfrr ls lo

Hfofrbe qubelty ipfrbtlios Ebjirbtiry wirc

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Bnnrfm Rube Bssur (:;;8) 2:1>28„>::

]`f systfd wbs mfslhofm gieeiwloh L^I 28;:6 n`bptfrs bom t`f log logird irdbtl btlio io hlv hlvfo fo jy t`f ^pbols ^pbols` ` Bnn Bnnrfm rfmltbt ltbtlio lio Ji Jimy my (F (FOB OBN) N) S

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Dft`im vbelmbtlio. Nirrf Nirrfnt nt mfvfeipdfot mfvfeipdfot bom rfhlstfr ig ipfrbtl ipfrbtlios. ios. Fqulpdfot nbeljrbtlio. Lotf Lotfrob robee nio niotrie trie bntl bntlvltl vltlfs fs (df (dfbsur bsurfdf fdfot ot ig jeb jebocs, ocs, rfpelnbtfs bom rfgfrfonf dbtfrlbes bs wfee bs rftfstloh).   Fxtfr Fxtfrobe obe niotrie bntlvltlfs bntlvltlfs (lotfrebjir (lotfrebjirbtiry btiry fxfrnlsfs fxfrnlsfs ir priflnlfony tfsts).   Vonfrtbloty nbenuebtlio.   Fxprf Fxprfsslio sslio ig t`f t`f rfsuet rfsuets. s.

Lo irmfr ti dbcf t`f minudfotb minudfotbtlio tlio uolgird bom fbsy ti niosuet, bom nioslmfrloh t`f clom ig bntlvltlfs nbrrlfm iut,

(2) (:) (>) (>) (=) (6) (7)

Fot Fotrbo rbonf nf bom rfh rfhlst lstfr. fr. [rf [rf-trf -trfbtd btdfot fot.. ]rfb ]rfbtdf tdfot ot.. Dfb Dfbsurf surfdfo dfot. t. Mb Mbtb tb trfbtd trfbtdfot. fot. Zfp Zfpirt irtloh loh ig rfs rfsuets uets..

Dist ig t`f rfvls Dist rfvlslio lio wirc wbs stbrtf stbrtfm m gri grid d t`f minudfots udf ots ig t`f prf prfvli vlius us sys systfd tfd ti hft los lostru truntl ntlios ios sld sld-pelflfm bom, w`fo ofnfssbry, nidpeftfm wlt` sn`fdfs bom mlbh mlbhrb rbds. ds. ^ldl ^ldleb ebrlt rltlf lfss bdio bdioh h prin prinfs fssfs sfs gir gir ml mlggf ggfrfo rfott sbdpef sbd pefss beeiwf beeiwfm m bo irh irhbol bolsbt sbtlio lio jbs jbsfm fm io dbt dbtrlx rlxfs fs lostfb stfbm m ig ty typf pf ig sbdp sbdpef efs. s. Gir Gir fx fxbdp bdpef ef,, be beee t` t`ff irhb irhbol olnn

 

Bnnrfm Rube Bssur (:;;8) 2:1>28„>::

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sbdpefs (fls`, dfbt, vfhftbjefs, dlec bom `iofy) jfnbdf b uolquf dbtrlx (jlitb), wlt` b nioslmfrbjef rfmuntlio lo t`f oudjfr ig minudfots. ]`ls wby, b rfmuntlio ig 6;% lo t`f oudjfr ig minudfots rfgfrrloh ti sbdpef trfbtdfot wbs bn`lfvfm lo t`f fom. ]`f rfpebnfdfot ig ebjirbtiry mlbr ml brlf lfss ig tfn` tfn`ol olnl nlbbos jy n`fn n`fnce cels lsts ts wbs bo boit it`f `frr ldpr ldpriv ivfd fdfo fott lo lotri trimu munf nfm. m. N` N`fn fnce celst lstss `bvf `bvf t`f t`f miuj miujef ef gu guon ontli tlio o ig fosu fosurl rloh oh t` t`ff oio-i oio-ivf vfrs rslh lh`t `t ig tbsc tbscss gr grid id tfn`olnlbos bom ig jfnidloh b `idihfofius rfhlstfr gir

dfot ig bmfqubtf nrltfrlb ti rfpirt rfsuets bom uonfrtblotlfs ti nelfots. ]`f lotfrebjirbtiry pbrtlnlpbtlio sn`fmuef ls fstbjels`fm bom bpprivfm booubeey, fvfo t`iuh` lo t`f pbrtlnuebr nbsf ig rbmlin`fdlnbe bobeysls t`frf ls b ebnc ig lotfrebjirbtiry tfsts bom oit bee tfsts brf fbsy ti fvbeubtf fxtfrobeey. ]`ls sltubtlio `bs girnfm t`f EZB ti bnt bs bo lotfrebjirbtiry irhbolsfr. Lo t`f pbrtlnuebr nbsf ig hbddb fdlttfrs dfbsurfdfot surfdf ot lo n`brni n`brnibe be nbrtrlmhfs, bs t`frf ls oi pissljlelty ig 

bee t`f sbdpefs, wlt` bee t`f vbeubjef mbtb ofnfssbry gir gurt`frr nbenuebtlio. gurt`f nbenuebtlio. ]`f ]`f vb vbel elmb mbtl tlio io ig df dft` t`im imss `b `bm m jf jffo fo miof miof gir gir sidf sidf yfbrs jy dfbos ig mlggfrfot rfsfbrn` wircs (Dbstfrs bom [`.M.) lo t`f rfsfbrn` hriup. Bo fxtfrobe bumltir giuom lt losugflnlfot ti cffp niplfs ig bee t`fsf wircs, bom rfqulrfm t`f febjirbtlio ig b ‐‐vbelmbtlio rfpirt““ gir fbn` tfst lo w`ln` w`l n` bee bspfnt bspfntss ig vbelmb vbelmbtlio tlio wiuem jf rfs rfsudf udfm. m. ]`f bl bld d ig bnnr bnnrfm fmltl ltloh oh sidf sidf ig t`f t`f bntl bntlvl vltlf tlfss rfqu rfqulrf lrfm m t`f t`f mffloltl mffl oltlio io ig bo ‐‐b ‐‐bnnr nnrfmlt fmltbtl btlio io sni snipf““ pf““,, w`ln` w`ln` dbm dbmff lt ofnfssbry ti ginus ioey io EZB tfsts t`bt gieeiw vbelmbtfm df dft` t`im ims. s. ]`f ]`f flo flobe be bn bnnr nrfm fmlt ltbt btli lio o snip snipff ls s`iw s`iwo o lo ]bjef   2, bom loneumfs dist ig t`f bssbys nbrrlfm iut gir ]bjef t` t`ff Fovl Fovlrio riodf dfot otbe be Zb Zbml mlie ieih ihy y Diol Diolti tirlo rloh h [r [rih ihrb rbds ds..

bo lotfre lotfrebji bjirbt rbtiry iry fxf fxfrnls rnlsf, f, t`f EZB irhbols irhbolsfm fm b pri priflflnlfony tfst lo w`ln` tfo obtliobe ebjirbtirlfs wiuem dfbsurf surf EZB EZB“s “s stb stbomb ombrm rm n`b n`brni rnibe be nbrtrl nbrtrlmhf mhf.. ]`l ]`lss dfbot dfbot bo fxtrb bdiuot ig wirc ti niirmlobtf bee ebjirbtirlfs pbrtlnlpb tln lpbtlio tlio lo t`f tfst bom t`f t`fo o ti rfvlfw t`f rfs rfsuet uetss bom rfpirtt ti pbrtln rfpir pbrtlnlpbots. lpbots. ]bcloh ]bc loh lot loti i bnn bnniuo iuott t`f fxp fxpfrl frlfon fonff bom prb prbntln ntlnbe be bspfnts, sun` bs t`f mlstrljutlio ig sbdpefs t`riuh`iut t`f yfbr, yfb r, b sn` sn`fmu fmuef ef gir lot lotfrob frobee nio niotrie trie bntlvl bntlvltlfs tlfs wbs mfslh slhofm ofm.. Lo t`ls t`ls,, bob bobeys eysls ls ig jit` jit` rfg rfgfrf frfonf onf dbt dbtfrlb frlbes es bom niotrie sbdpefs wbs fstbjels`fm, fosurloh nivfrbhf ig bee bssbys pfrgirdfm. Ionf t`f R^ wbs gueey mfslhofm bom lo prinfss ig jfloh bnnidpels`fm, bppelnbtlio gir t`f bnnrfmltbtlio wbs dbmf

Xircs mfsnrljloh t`f vbelmbtlio ig dft`ims besi mfsnrljfm uonfrtbloty uonfr tbloty fvbeubtlio. fvbeubtlio. Vonfrtblot Vonfrtbloty y siurnf siurnfss wfrf fvbeu fvbeu-bt btfm fm jy rfvl rfvlfw fwlo loh h t` t`ff mbtb mbtb gi girr t`f t`f ebst ebst 6 yfbr yfbrss bo bom m gieeiwloh t`f hulmfelofs pujels`fm jy dboy irhbolsbtlios 22„ „27 27T. T. Zfsuet Zfsuetss wfrf wfrf t`f t`fo o bobeysf bobeysfm m ti mftfrd mftfrdlof lof `iw S22 uonfrt uon frtblot bloty y bggfnt bggfntfm fm t`f t`fd. d. ]`ls ]`ls pfrdlt pfrdlttfm tfm t`f fstbjel fstbjels`s`-

ti FOBN. Bgtfr t`f fotlty“s rfvlslio ig bee minudfotbtlio, b mbtf gir t`f fxtfrobe bumlt wbs bhrffm. ]`f bnnrfmltbtlio bumlt tiic pebnf ivfr : mbys lo w`ln` twi bumltirs nivfrfm nivfrfm bee fefdfots ig t`f R^ eiicloh gir fvlmfonf ig nidpelbonf wlt` t`f L^I stbombrm. ]`f fvlmfonf t`fy eiicfm gir loneumfm rfnirms ig bobeysls, nustidfr niotrbnts, fqulpdfot minudfotbtli minudf otbtlio, o, nbeljr nbeljrbtlio btlio rfnirm rfnirms, s, trblol trbloloh oh rfnir rfnirms, ms, bom pfrsioofe lotfrvlfws. ^idf ijsfrvbtlios bppfbrfm lo t`f mfvfeipdfot ig t`f bumlt, bee ig w`ln` rfqulrfm wrlttfo nirrfntlvf bntlios ti jf sujdltt suj dlttfm. fm. Oi bmm bmmltl ltliob iobee bum bumlts lts wfr wfrff ofn ofnfss fssbry bry.. Ion Ionff ni nirrf rrfntl ntlvf vf bn bntli tlios os wfrf wfrf brrb brrboh ohfm fm bo bom m bnnf bnnfpt ptfm fm jy t` t`ff bumltirs, bnnrfmltbtlio wbs nionfmfm ti t`f EZB (FOBN, Bnnrfmltbtlio oi. 6:;/EF2228).

]bjef 2   Bnnrfmltbtlio snipf ig t`f EZB Dbtrlx

]fst

Xbtfr ^fb

Hbddb fdlttfrs, trltlud, peutiolud lsitipfs, Bd-:=2

Niot Niotlo lofo fotb tbee

Hbdd Hbddbb fd fdlt lttf tfrs rs,, trlt trltlu lud, d, ^r ^r-0 -0