Exodus (Complete Outlines)
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This is a compilation of all the outlines and notes from our study of Exodus. See http://mbc20something.blogspot.com for...
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Introduction to Exodus: From Joseph to Moses Exodus Chapters 1 & 2 I.
Context A. Who are the main characters? characters? What do we know about them? • Pharaoh: •
Moses’ Mother:
•
Pharaoh’s Daughter:
•
Moses:
B. When does this passage take place? According to the Ryrie Study Bible, most scholars believe that the Bible and historical evidence • supports the belief that the exodus took place around 1440 B.C. Further, Ryrie estimates that approximately 200 years passed between Joseph’s generation and the people’s deliverance from Eg ypt. Exodus 1:6 tells us t hat all of Joseph’s generation had already died and the Israelites’ population had exploded when Pharaoh began began to institute population control over them. The first half of Exodus 2 covers approximately 40 years because Acts 7:23 tell s us that Moses was 40 years old when he killed the Egyptian in Exodus 2:12. The length of the “long period” in v. 2:23 is unknown at this point. C. Where does this passage take place? • The majority of this passage takes place in Egypt (1:1-2:15) until Moses flees to Midian, which was on the Sinai Peninsula. The passage ends with with mention of the Israelites’ oppression back in Egypt. (2:23) D. What is happening? (Summary of Events) • Moses begins by recapping Jacob’s and his family’s leaving Canaan and living in Egypt (1:1-5) After Joseph’s generation, the Israelites grew in number and caught the attention of P haraoh. (1:6-10) • Pharaoh, fearing the possibility of the Israelites’ rebellion, subjected them to forced labor (1:10-11) • • The Israelites continued to increase in nu mber, so the Egyptians worked t hem even harder. (1:12-14) • In an effort to control the Israelite population, Pharaoh commanded the Hebrew midwives to kill the male children at birth, but because they feared the Lord, they did not. (1:15-21) • As a second effort, Pharaoh ordered that all Hebrew boys must be thrown into the Nile (1:22) A Levite family had a son, but instead of obeying Pharaoh, kept him hidden for 3 months (2:1-2) • • When his mother could no longer hide him, she prepared a basket, placed him in it, and floated it down the Nile. The boy’s sister kept watch over over it until it was found by Pharaoh’s daughter (2:3-6) • The boy’s sister suggested to Pharaoh’s daughter that the boy be nursed by a Hebrew woman, and when she agreed, the boy’s sister returned him to his mother (2:7-9) • When the boy was older, he was returned to Pharaoh’s daughter and she named him Moses (2: 10) • When Moses was 40 years old (Acts 7:23), he came upon an Egyptian beating a n Israelite and came to the man’s aid, killing the Egyptian man and hiding him in the sand. (2:11-12) News of his deed spread and eventually Pharaoh tried to kill him, so Moses fled to Midian (2:13-15) • In Midian, Moses defended some shepherdesses from some other shepherds and was taken in by • Reuel’s/Jethro’s family. He married one of Reuel’s Reuel’s daughters and lived there for for awhile (2:16-21) During this long period, God heard the cries of the Israelites in bondage and remembered his covenant • with Abraham, Isaac, & Jacob. (2:23-25) II. Interpretation A. What are the principles illustrated in this passage? passage? What is the theme?
B. How is God involved in this passage? How/when is he mentioned and by whom? whom?
C. The Hebrew Midwives and Moses’ family disobeyed P haraoh’s orders, yet Romans 13 tells us to submit ourselves to governing governing authorities. Why was it OK for for them to disobey? When would it be OK for us? III. Application • God is faithful and sovereign. Just as God’s sovereign sovereign hand was at work in Exodus to bring about the fulfillment of his promises, so too is his had at work today, working all things together for good (Rom 8:28) • Moses’ family did what was right, right, even though it meant disobeying Pharaoh. Would you be willing to do what is right, even if it meant severe or dire consequences for yourself?
God Sends Moses to Egypt Exodus Chapters 3 & 4 I.
Context A. Who are the main characters? characters? What do we know about them? • Moses: •
God:
B. When does this passage take place? • Exodus 2:23 tells us that there was a “long period” that occurred, yet we do not know exactly how long this period was, but t he chronology of the passage appears to suggest that the call of Moses occurred after his sons were born, since he took them and his wife with him at the start (4:20). C. Where does this passage take place? • Moses encounters God at Mt. Horeb, also known as Mt. Sinai, which was in the SW part of the Sinai Peninsula (Ryrie). The text tells us that Moses returned returned to his father-in-law, Jethro, and then set out with his family towards Egypt at the end of Chapter 4. D. What is happening? (Summary of Events) • Moses was tending Jethro’s flocks near Mt. Horeb when the Lord appeared to him. (3:1-2) The Lord appeared to Moses in flames from within a bush that was not consumed (3:2) • The Lord called to Moses from the bush and told him that he was the God of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob • and that he had heard the cries of his people in slavery in Egypt. (3:4-7) The Lord told Moses that he was to go to Egypt to free the people as God’s messenger. (3:8-10) • • Moses resists God’s call, citing his insignificance, but the Lo rd reassures him of success (3:11-12) • Moses asks God whom he should say sent him and God says to tell them that “I AM” sent him to them and that by this name God should be remembered from generation to generation (3:13-15) The Lord instructs Moses to assemble the elders and tell them of God’s intent to fulfill his promise to • Abraham, Isaac, & Jacob by delivering them to Canaan. (3:16-17) They were then to ask Pharaoh to allow all the Hebrews to take a 3-day journey into the desert to • worship, but Pharaoh would need God’s convincing to allow this. (3:18-20) The Lord would also compel the Egyptians to give the Israelites silver and gold (3:21-22) • • Moses asks God for a sign that he was sent by God, so God causes Moses’ staff to turn into a snake when thrown on the ground and his hand leprous and restored upon putting it into his cloak. (4:1-7) • The Lord says that if they don’t believe these signs, then Moses should pour some water from the Nile onto the ground and it would become blood. (4:8-9) • Moses tells God that he is not good at speaking and the Lord promises to help him, but Moses pleads with the Lord to send someone else, and, although He was angry with Moses, God tells Moses that he will send his brother, Aaron, with him to speak in his behalf. (4:10-17) • Moses returns and asks Jethro to allow him to return to Egypt, so Moses departs for Egypt with his wife and children and his staff in his hand. (4:18-20) The Lord instructs Moses further regarding matters in Egypt and foretells the killing of the Egyptian • firstborns in response to Pharaoh’s hardened heart and refusal to l et his people go (4:21-23) Along the way, the Lord is about to kill Moses, but his wife circumcises his son and the Lord • withholds his wrath from Moses (4:24-26) The Lord sends Aaron to meet Moses and together they tell the Israelite elders what the Lord had said • to them and performed the signs God had given them so that they all believed his words (4:27-31) II. Interpretation A. What are the principles illustrated in this passage? passage? What is the theme?
B. How is God involved in this passage? What do we learn about God from the way he interacts w/Moses? w/Moses?
C. What were Moses’ objections and how is this similar to how we might respond to God’s direction to us?
III. Application •
God physically inserts himself into Moses’ life by appearing to him and speaking to him, yet Moses still resisted God’s call. Today, we may not have the audible voice of God instructing us, but we do have the inspired Word of God which carries the same authority. authority. Does God’s written Word carry for us the same authority as as his spoken Word? If not, then why?
Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh Exodus Chapters 5 & 6a I.
Context A. Who are the main characters? characters? What do we know about them? • Moses: •
Pharaoh:
•
The Israelites:
B. When does this passage take place? The transitional word “afterward” which joi ns chapter 4 and 5 suggests that the events of this passage • follow closely after the events of chapter 4. There does not appear to be a break between the two. C. Where does this passage take place? The entirety of this passage takes place in Egypt both in Pharaoh’s presence and out in the work areas. • D. What is happening? (Summary of Events) Moses and Aaron relay God’s word to Pharaoh: “Let my people go…..” (5:1) • • Pharaoh refuses, so Moses and Aaron repeat God’s command along wi th consequences (5:2-3) • Pharaoh refuses again and rebukes Moses and Aaron for distracting the Israelites from work (5:4-5) • Pharaoh commands that the Israelites would have to gather their own straw for making bricks with no reduction in their daily quotas. The Israelite foremen were were punished for low production (5:6-14) (5:6-14) The Israelite foremen appealed to Pharaoh regarding their unfair punishment, i.e. requiring the same • quotas while requiring them to gather their own straw, but Pharaoh ignored their pleas. (5:15-18) The Israelite foremen blamed Moses and Aaron for their situation, so Moses called out to the Lord on • behalf of the people, wondering why he was sent to make their situation worse. (5:19-23) The Lord replied to Moses that despite Pharaoh’s resistance, he would be made to submit by the power • of the Lord’s Mighty Hand. (6:1) • The Lord confirms his promise: (6:2-5) • Who he was: “The Lord,” which indicated a different relationship with the people than before. • With Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, he was God Almighty, now he will be known as Lord. • The Covenant : He had promised the peopl e that they would possess the l and of Canaan. • He hears them : He has heard their groaning in suffering and remembers his covenant with them. • The Lord instructs Moses to tell the people of his Lordship, coming deliverance and demonstration of his might so they might know that he is Lord. He will fulfill his promise to give them Canaan. (6:6-8) • The Israelites didn’t listen to Moses because of their discouragement and cruel bondage (6:9) The Lord tells Moses to tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites leave Egypt, but Moses replies in • discouragement that if his people won’t listen then Pharaoh wouldn’t either. (6:10-12) The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron and commanded them to bring the Israelites out of Egypt (6:13) • II. Interpretation A. What are the principles illustrated in this passage? passage? What is the theme?
B. How is God involved in this passage? What is significant about being “Lord” vs. being “God Almighty”?
C. Discuss the parallels of God’s promise of redemption of the Israelites from the Egyptians with God’s promise of redemption of mankind from sin through Christ.
III. Application Moses and Aaron were aware that Pharaoh’s heart would b e hardened and that he would not let the people • go (4:21-23). Further, in their obedience, the people blamed blamed them for their increased hardship. hardship. Based on Moses’ prayer in 5:22-23, 5:22-23, he was probably frustrated frustrated with God and the situation. Yet when he approaches God honestly and openly, God reveals his purpose: that his might and lordship would would be demonstrated. Do you find it easy to approach God openly openly and honestly with your frustrations? frustrations? Why or why not?
Moses & Aaron’s Second Visit to Pharaoh and 1st 3 Plagues Exodus 6:14-8:19 I.
Context A. Who are the main characters? characters? What do we know about them? Moses: • •
Pharaoh:
B. When does this passage take place? The context does not suggest a break between passages, so we know that t his week’s passage occurs after Moses has • arrived in Egypt and has met met with the Elders. He and Aaron have already already appeared before Pharaoh Pharaoh once (5:1). We also know that seven days passed between the 1st and 2nd plagues. C. Where does this passage take place? The entirety of this passage takes place i n Egypt. • D. What is happening? (Summary of Events) The writer (Moses) recounts the ancestry of the clans of the Israelites, focusing on the t ribe of Levi (6:14-25) [next pg] • • The writer (Moses) confirms the identity of Moses and Aaron by connecting them to the genealogy (6:26-27) • God again tells Moses to relay is words to Pharaoh, but Moses resists, saying that Pharaoh would not listen d(6:28-30) • God tells Moses that he would be like God to Pharaoh & Aaron would be his prophet (7:1) God reminds Moses that Pharaoh’s heart will be hardened and that God will free his people by his hand and mighty acts • of judgment. (7:2-5) Why? (v. 5) “And the Egyptians will know that I am Lord.” • • Moses and Aaron obey and go to Pharaoh; Moses was 80 years old at t his time and Aaron was 83 years old (7:6-7) • God prepares Moses for Pharaoh’s request for a miracle (7:8-9) • Notice that it is Aaron’s staff that would become a snake Moses and Aaron went before Pharaoh and Aaron’s staff became a snake (7:10-13) • • Pharaoh’s magicians did the same thing but Aaron’s snake ate theirs • God instructs Moses to go to Pharaoh when he is at the Nile and tell him that the Lord will turn the Nile to blood because of his resistance to God’s command. (7:14-19) • Moses and Aaron did what God said and God turned the Nile to blood but Pharaoh’s magicians did the same thing. Pharaoh’s heart was still hardened (7:20-24) Seven days later, the Lord instructed Moses to go to Pharaoh again and warn him of the coming pla gue of frogs if he • continued to refuse. (7:25-8:4) Moses told Aaron to stretch hi s hand over Egypt and frogs came up and covered the land (8:5-7) • Pharaoh asks Moses and Aaron to pray to the Lord to take away the frogs and he would let them go, but when the frogs • were gone, Pharaoh refused to honor the agreement. (8:8-15) • The Lord told Moses to have Aaron strike the ground and the dust would become gnats. They obeyed and the land was filled with gnats. (8:16-17) • Pharaoh’s magicians were unable to copy this miracle themselves and acknowledged that it was “the finger of God”, but Pharaoh’s heart was still hardened and he still would not listen. (8:18-19) II. Interpretation A. What are the principles illustrated in this passage? passage? What is the theme?
B. How is God involved in this passage? Why do you think God began with with plagues that also affected his people? people?
C. Why do you think Moses is now doing all the talking? How is Moses “like God” to Pharaoh and Aaron his prophet?
D. Ryrie points out that the types of plagues plagues correspond with various gods gods of the Egyptians. Discuss significance.
III. Application Even though Pharaoh eventually eventually acknowledges God’s existence and power, power, he still does not fear him. This is not much • different than people today who claim to believe in God, but really don’t acknowledge his authority over them. • The Israelites endured these first plagues just as the Egyptians did. Do you think that there is evidence in the world of God’s people suffering for the consequences of the unrighteous? unrighteous? What are some examples you could think of?
Heads of the Israelite Families (Exodus 6:14-25) •
•
•
Reuben o Hanoch o Pallu o Hezron o Carmi Simeon o Jemuel o Jamin o Ohad o Jakin o Zohar o Shaul (son of a Canaanite woman) Levi o Gershon Libni Shimei o Kohath Amram Aaron • o Nadab o Abihu o Eleazar (married a daughter of Patiel) Phinehas o Ithamar Moses • Izhar Korah • o Assir o Elkanah o Abiasaph Nepheg • Zicri • Hebron Uzziel • Mishael Elzaphan • Sithri • o Merari Mahali Mushi
Plagues II: From Flies to Locusts Exodus 8:20-10:20 I.
Context Who are the main characters characters in this passage? What do we know about them? • Moses: • •
Pharaoh:
•
When does this passage take place? • This passage is a continuation of the previous passage and there does not appear to be any contextual support for a break in time between the 3rd plague (gnats) and the 4 th plague (flies). Based on Chapter 12, these events events are occurring during the first month of t he Hebrew calendar, which was during our months of March and April.
•
Where does this passage take place? • The entirety of this passage takes place in Egypt; however, there is a distinction made between the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived (the eastern section of the Nile delta [Ryrie, Gen. 45:10]), and the rest of Egypt, which was inhabited by the Egyptians.
•
What is going on? (Summary o f Events) The 4th Plague: Swarms of Flies (8:20-32) • The Lord tells Moses to tell Pharaoh of the coming plague of flies that would cover Egypt except for the • land of Goshen, where his people lived (8:20-23) • The Lord sent the plague upon Egypt the next day, just as he had warned Pharaoh (8:24) • Pharaoh tries to compromise with Moses by offering to allow them to offer sacrifices without leaving Egypt, but Moses insisted on leaving Egypt. (8:25-27) • Pharaoh agrees to let them go if Moses will pray for relief from the flies. (8:28) Moses prayed to the Lord and the flies left, but Pharaoh went back on his offer (8:29-32) • The 5th Plague: Disease on Livestock in the Field (9:1-7) • • The Lord tells Moses to warn Pharaoh of the coming plague that would kill all the Egyptians’ livestock in the fields, but not the livestock of the Israelites (9:1-4) • Since there is livestock in the next plague, those brought in from the field must have survived. (Ryrie) • The next day, the Lord sent the plague and all the livestock in the fields died, except for the Israelites’. Pharaoh’s heart was still hardened and he would not let them go (9:5-7) The 6th Plague: Boils on the Egyptians and their animals (9:8-12) • The Lord tells Moses and Aaron t o toss handfuls of furnace soot into the air in Pharaoh’s presence and it • would become a dust over the whole land of Egypt, causing painful boils on all the Egyptians (9:8-9) They obeyed and boils covered people and animals, but Pharaoh’s heart was still hardened (9:10 -12) • • The 7th Plague: Massive Hail Storm throughout Egypt (9:13-35) • The Lord tells Moses that if he failed to let the Israelites go this time, then the Lord would send the “full force” of his plagues so that they would no there was none like the Lord in the earth (9:13-14) • The Lord (through Moses) reminds Pharaoh that he could have wiped the Egyptians from the earth, but he didn’t so that the Lord’s power to be known throughout the earth and his name proclaimed (9:15-19) The Lord sent a violent hailstorm that destroyed all of Egypt, but left Goshen intact (9:20-26) • Pharaoh calls Moses and Aaron and “admits” his sin and offers to let the people go and worship the Lord if • Moses would pray for the hail to stop. (9:27-32) When Moses does pray, Pharaoh again goes back on his word and did not allow t hem to leave (9:33-35) • • The 8th Plague: Swarms of Locusts (10:1-20) • The Lord tells Moses to warn Pharaoh of the coming plague of locust because of his refusal to humble himself before the Lord and for not letting his people go as the Lord commanded commanded (10:1-6) Pharaoh’s officials began to reason with him, pleading with him to concede (10:7) • Pharaoh ask Moses who would be leaving, but when Moses replied “everyone,” Pharaoh accused Moses of • being “bent on evil”, saying that only the men should be allowed to leave (10:8-11) Moses stretched out his hand over Egypt and an east wind blew all day and night, bringing with it swarms • of locusts that devoured all remaining crops and fruit left from the hail, and the land was barren (10:12-15) • Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and asked them to pray for relief from the locusts (10:16-17) • Moses prayed and a west wind carried off the locusts, but Pharaoh’s heart remained unchanged (10:18-20)
II.
Order
Interpretation •
What principles are illustrated in this passage? passage? What would you consider the theme of this passage?
•
How is God involved in this passage? Is he in the foreground foreground or background? What do we learn of his character?
•
The plagues not only demonstrate God’s sovereignty over Pharaoh, the Egyptians, the Israelites, and nature, but also, as Ryrie points out, over the gods gods of the Egyptians. Examine the following chart, adapted from the Ryrie Study Bible: How does this view of the plagues illustrate congruency in God’s character? (Hint: 10 Commandments )
Plague
Scripture
Affected?
Announced?
7:14-24
Everyone
YES
7:25-8:15
Everyone
YES
1st
Nile River turned to Blood
2nd
Frogs
3rd
Swarms of Gnats/Lice
8:16-19
Everyone
NO
4th
Swarms of Flies
8:20-32
Egyptians
YES
5th
Disease of the Livestock
9:1-7
Egyptians
YES
6th
Boils
9:8-12
Egyptians
NO
7th
Hailstorm
9:13-35
Egyptians
YES
8th
Locusts
10:1-20
Egyptians
YES
III.
Egyptian gods involved (Ryrie) Hapi: spirit of the Nile Khnum: guardian of the Nile Heqt: form of a frog Hapi: spirit of the Nile Uncertain; perhaps an attack on the Egyptian priests Uatchit: a god who manifested himself as a fly Apis bill revered. revered. Sacred bulls and cows Ptah, Mnrvis, Hathor Sekhmet: goddess with power to heal Serapis: healing god Seth: protector of crops Nut: sky goddess Isis: goddess of life Seth: protector of crops
Replicated? YES YES NO NO NO NO NO NO
•
Why do you think that God allowed the Israelites to be affected by the earlier plagues, but not by the later ones?
•
What is the real real issue between God and Pharaoh? What is God teaching teaching Pharaoh though this? Why?
•
What changes in Moses have you noticed so far? How do you think these changes changes came about?
Application God is demonstrating both his sovereignty over all things, natural and supernatural, as well as his faithfulness to his • people. As heirs to this relationship through Christ, Christ, we also can rest in God’s sovereignty sovereignty over our world, including our negative circumstances, as well as his faithfulness to us as hi s children to never leave us nor forsake us. Sometimes God’s people are affected affected by his judgment of the wicked. How should this affect our attitude when we • face challenges not of our own doing? • Throughout scripture, God chooses ordinary, ordinary, and often weak, people to accomplish accomplish his will. Are you walking in obedience to what God has set before you? Are you allowing him to do in you and through you all that he desires?
Plagues III: Darkness and Death of Firstborn Exodus 10:21-12:36 I.
Context Who are the main characters characters in this passage? What do we know about them? • Moses: •
•
Pharaoh:
•
When does this passage take place? • The passage begins three days before Passover, which was on t he 14 th day of Abib/Nisan, and ends the next day as the people are urged urged to leave in haste. Also mentioned is the Feast of Unleavened Bread, Bread, which lasted from the evening of the 14th day through the evening of the 21st day. Abib/Nisan corresponds with with the later part of March and the first part of April on our calendar, basically the same time of year as it is now.
•
Where does this passage take place? • The entirety of this passage takes place in Egypt; however, there is a distinction made between the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived (the eastern section of the Nile delta [Ryrie, Gen. 45:10]), and the rest of Egypt, which was inhabited by the Egyptians.
•
What is going on? (Summary of Events) • The Lord told Moses to stretch his hand to the sky, and when he did, darkness covered Egypt for three days, except for the places where the Israelites li ved (10:21-23) • Pharaoh told Moses that they could leave to worship, but they must leave their livestock and herds (10:23) Moses refused to leave with the animals because the would be needed for worshipping God (10:24-26) • • Pharaoh’s heart was hardened and he told Moses to leave his presence and not to co me back or else Moses would be put to death. Moses tells Pharaoh he would would not appear before him again again (10:27-29) • Previously, the Lord had told Moses that Pharaoh would let them leave after one final plague and that the Israelites should ask their Egyptian neighbors for articles of silver and gold as t hey left (11:1-3) • Before leaving Pharaoh’s presence, Moses warns Pharaoh of the 10 th and final plague, the death of all Egyptian firstborn and firstborn of the cattle, and that the Israelites would be spared of this plague (11:4-7) • Moses tells Pharaoh that this final plague would be so bad that they would be begging the Israelites to leave and then Moses left Pharaoh’s presence. (11:8) • The Lord instructs Moses and Aaron on the specifics of observing the ordinance of Passover (12:1-13) On the tenth day of the first month, each household was to select a lamb (12:1-3) • • Must be year-old males, without defect, from either sheep or goats (12:4-5) • Small families could share a lamb with their nearest neighbor (12:4) • The lamb was to be taken care of until it was slaughtered at twilight on the 14th day (12:6) Once slaughtered, each family was to take some of the lamb’s blood and mark the sides and tops • of the doorframes of the houses (12:7) That night, they were to roast the lamb over fire and eat or burn all of it by morning (12:8-10) • • They were to eat it with cloak tucked into belt, wearing sandals, and holding their staff (12:11) • The Lord tells of how He would pass through Egypt that night and kill all firstborns except for in the houses that had been marked with the lamb’s blood. (12:12-13) • The Lord instructs Moses and Aaron on observing t he Feast of Unleavened Bread (12:14-20) Anyone who ate anything with yeast during this time must be cut off from the people (12:15, 19) • Moses called together the elders of Israel and told them what God had said (12:21-23) • • Passover & the Feast of Unleavened Bread are instituted as lasting ordinances for Israel (12:24-28) • At midnight, the Lord struck down every firstborn in Egypt, even Pharaoh’s, and livestock (12:29-30) • Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and commanded them and the Israelites to leave (12:31 -32) The Egyptians urged the Israelites to hurry in their leaving and gave them articles of silver and gold as Moses • had told the people to ask their neighbors for, thus they plundered the Egyptians (12:33-36)
II.
III.
Order
Interpretation •
What principles are illustrated in this passage? passage? What would you consider the theme of this passage?
•
How is God involved in this passage? Is he in the foreground foreground or background? What do we learn of his character?
•
What is significant about about studying Passover today on Easter? What parallels do you see? Was this intentional? o
Selection of the lamb:
o
Fate of the Lamb:
o
The Role of the Blood:
Application • In many ways, the story of God rescuing the Israelites from slavery to the Egyptians is similar to God rescuing mankind from slavery to sin. One clear truth is that God loves his people. “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: while we were still sinners, sinners, Christ died for us.” Rom. 5:8 (NIV) • Christ is our “Passover lamb” in that it was through his blood that God’s wrath “passes “passes over” us. He lived the life we could not live and died the death we we should have died to pay the price we could not pay. God demands perfection and only Christ is worthy to be the perfect sacrifice that God demands as payment for sin. • Do you take your enslavement enslavement to sin seriously? The Israelites cried out for deliverance from their Egyptian captivity, yet sometimes because our slavery is not as overt, we don’t realize the reality that we are, indeed, slaves to sin. Would you yearn for deliverance deliverance differently if your enslavement enslavement was harder to overlook?
Plague
1st
Nile River turned to Blood
2nd
Frogs
3rd
Swarms of Gnats/Lice
4th
Swarms of Flies
5th
Disease of the Livestock
6th
Boils
7th
Hailstorm
8th
Locusts
9th
Darkness
10th
Death of the Firstborn
Scripture
Affected?
Announced?
Egyptian gods involved (Ryrie) Replicated? Hapi: spirit of the Nile 7:14-24 Everyone YES YES Khnum: guardian of the Nile Heqt: form of a frog 7:25-8:15 Everyone YES YES Hapi: spirit of the Nile Uncertain; perhaps an attack on the 8:16-19 Everyone NO NO Egyptian priests Uatchit: a god who manifested 8:20-32 Egyptians YES NO himself as a fly Apis bill revered. revered. Sacred bulls and 9:1-7 Egyptians YES NO cows Ptah, Mnrvis, Hathor Sekhmet: goddess with power to heal 9:8-12 Egyptians NO NO Serapis: healing god Seth: protector of crops 9:13-35 Egyptians YES NO Nut: sky goddess Isis: goddess of life 10:1-20 Egyptians YES NO Seth: protector of crops Re: the sun god 10:21-29 Egyptians NO NO Atum: god of setting sun Osiris: giver of life 11:1-12:36 Egyptians YES NO Pharaoh was also considered deity Based up the table, “The Ten Plagues,” taken from the Ryrie Study Bible (NIV), pg. 100.
The Exodus Begins Exodus 12:36-13:22 I.
Context Who are the main characters characters in this passage? What do we know about them? • •
•
When does this passage take place? •
•
The passage takes place immediately following Passover. Also mentioned is the Feast of Unleavened Unleavened Bread, th st which lasted from the evening of the 14 day through the evening of the 21 day. Abib/Nisan corresponds corresponds with the later part of March and the first part of April on our calendar, basically the same time of year as it is now.
Where does this passage take place? •
•
Moses:
At the onset of the passage, passage, the Israelites leave Goshen and travel from Rameses to Succoth (12:37). After leaving Succoth, they traveled to Etham and camped there, which is where the passage ends.
What is going on? (Summary o f Events) After God struck down all t he firstborn of Egypt, including P haraoh’s son, Pharaoh finally releases Moses and the Israelites from their bondage bondage and allows them to leave. After plundering the Egyptians (see (see 12:36), they set out from Rameses and traveled traveled to Succoth, 600,000 men along with women, children and livestock. livestock. God reiterates the regulations for Passover with Moses and Aaron, telling them specifically how the Passover was to be observed as well as who who was and was not allowed to participate. (12:37-50) The Lord told Moses that t he firstborn males of both man and beast were to be consecrated—that is, set apart—for him. Moses related this information to the people as well well as gave instruction on observing the Feast of Unleavened Bread and of the importance of re membering what the Lord had done for them that day (13:1-16) The Lord led the Israelites south through the desert toward the Red Sea, even though it would have been a more direct route to Canaan to travel east along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Apparently there was the threat of attack from the Philistines and/or others that lived in that area, plus, as we will see later, God had plans to meet them at Sinai, which was in the southern part of the Sinai Peninsula. They took Joseph’s bones with them, as he had made his sons promise at his death. They traveled from Succoth to Etham and the Lord led them by a pillar of cloud during the day and by a pillar of fire at night. (13:17-22)
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Interpretation •
What principles are illustrated in this passage? passage? What would you consider the theme of this passage?
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How is God involved in this passage? Is he in the foreground foreground or background? What do we learn of his character?
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How does this passage point us toward or connect with Christ?
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Why do you think God gave such specific instructions regarding the Passover regulations, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and the consecration of all firstborn males?
Application God gave very specific instructions to the Israelites regarding how he was to be worshipped during Passover. • Throughout scripture, God is very clear about how his people are to approach approach him. We must remember, especially in our “me” focused society, that we come to God on his terms, not ours. The Lord doesn’t always lead us on the easy path. He could have very easily led the Israelites due east from Goshen • and they may have reached Canaan much sooner, but he chose, instead, to lead them on a more difficult and trying route. This harder route served to prepare the Israelites and refine refine their faith in God, just as our challenges serve to sanctify us daily, giving us the opportunity and privilege of growing to be more like Christ if we suffer well.
Sunda y Sch oo ooll 9/7 9/7/20 /2008 08
Building the Tabernacle, Part II Exodus 37:1-38:31 I.
Context Who are a re tthe he main charac ters in in this this passage? pass age? What do do we know ab o ut them?
Bezalel: When and where where does do es this this passage passa ge take place? When: Since this th is is is a cont continu inuatio ation n of the passag pass agee before before it, it, we can also also assu me that t he events event s of this passag pass agee take place after after Moses retu rned from the th e top of of Mt. Sinai with with the t he second second set s et of tablets. tablets . We can can estimate estimate that th at it was abou abou t 6-7 months months since s ince the people people had left Egypt Egypt.. It too t ook k exactly three th ree months from the th e time time the Israelites left Egypt Egypt u ntil nt il they th ey arrived arrived at Mt. Mt . Sinai S inai (19: (19:1), 1), and almost 2 months months passed p assed u ntil nt il Moses destroyed dest royed the golden golden calf calf (3 days of preparatio prep aration n after arrival [ 19:16], 7 days of God's God's glory glory descended u pon Mt. Sinai before before Moses is called called up u p to the top [ 24:1 24: 16], 6] , and 40 days that Moses dwelt dwelt on Sinai Sinai with with the th e Lord Lord [24:18 [2 4:18]] , plus any unm u nmentio entioned ned travel time). Moses returned with the second set of tablets 40 days later (34:28). Where: The events event s of the passage pas sage take place at at the t he bottom bott om of Mt. Mt . Sinai, probably somewhere in the S inai valley. valley. What is is go ing ing o n? ( Su mmary o f Events) The Ark: Bezalel makes t he Ark from acacia wood wood overlaid overlaid with gold gold and the t he Atonem At onement Cover ou t of pure pu re gold gold (Exodu (Exodu s 37:1-9) 37:1-9) The Tab le: They Th ey made made the t he table t able from acacia wood wood and overlaid it with gold gold (Exodu (Ex odu s 37: 3 7:10 10-16) -16) The Lampstand and lamps: They made the t he lampstand pst and out of a single single piece piece of pure pu re gold gold and its seven s even lamps lamps and accessories (Exodus 37:17-24) The Altar of Incense: They made the t he Altar of Incense from from acacia acacia wood wood and an d overlaid overlaid the t he top t op and sides s ides with pu re gold. (Exodus 37:25-29) The Altar of Burnt Offering: They Th ey made made the t he Altar Alt ar of Bu rnt Offering from acacia wood wood and overlaid it with bronze (Exodus 38:1-7) The Basin Bas in fo r Washing: Washing: They made the basin and its stand of bronze. (Exodus 38:8) The Courtyard: They made made cu rtains of finely twisted linen and hu ng them from poles poles set s et around arou nd the th e Tabernacle, form forming a cou cou rtyard 100 100 cubits by 50 cu bits (Exodu s 38 3 8 :9-20) The Materials: They u sed 29 talents talents and 730 shekels of go gold, 100 talents talents and 1, 775 shekel s hekelss of silver, silver, and 70 talents talents and 2, 400 shekels of of bronze. bronze. (Exodus (Exodu s 38 :21-31) :21-31) * * In today's u nits: a litt little le over 1 ton (2, 000 lbs) lbs) of go gold, abou abou t 3 3/4 3 /4 to t ons of silver silver (7, 500 lbs), and abou abou t 2 1/2 to t ons (3, 000 000 lbs) of bronze. * * Acco According rding to price pricess last week, week, approx. approx. $ 25, 692, 8 00 in in gold, gold, $ 1, 466, 400 400 in in silver, silver, and $ 133, 056 in copper copper (88 % of bronze)= bronze)= $27, $ 27, 292, 256 in material aterialss II .
Interpretatio Interpretatio n What principles are illustrated in this passage? What would you consider the theme of this passage?
What do we learn learn of God's character from from this th is passage? Does Does this th is passage point point u s toward or or connect connect with Christ? C hrist? If so, how?
Why do you think t hink that th at Moses had the t he bu ilding ilding of the th e Tabernacle Tabernacle and its accessories accessories recorded recorded in su ch detail? Does Does this th is reveal anything about the hearts of the people?
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Application
Think of a time time when you were obedient obedient t o God's God's leading leading in in your you r life. life. What was the t he outcom ou tcome? Did you you grow grow in faith faith?? How so? When we experience God God working in and through th rough u s as we respond resp ond in obedience obedience to him, it can be very helpfu l to record record the events to lo look back on when the fu tu re is is dark. I think that th at one of of the reasons reasons Moses had this passage reco recorded rded was to preserv p reservee a record record of God's people being obed obedient ient to t o him as a reminder reminder of the th e experience exper ience for generat generatio ions ns to come. How do you record record you r experiences with God? http: //mbc20 //mbc20s some omethi thi ng . blogspot blogspot.. com
The Work Completed and Inspected / Tabernacle Filled with God's Glory Exodu Exoduss 39:1-40:3 39 :1-40:38 8 I.
Context Who are a re the the main charac ters in in this this passage? pass age? What do do we know ab o ut them ?
Moses: When and where where does do es this this passage passa ge take place? When: Since this is a continuatio continu ation n of the passag pass agee before before it, we can also also assu me that the events ev ents of this passage take place after after Moses retu rned from from the to t op of Mt. Sinai with with the seco s econd nd set s et of tablets tablets.. We can can estimate that th at it was about 6-7 months months since s ince the th e people people had left left Egypt. Egypt . It too t ook k exactly three th ree months from the th e time the Israelites left Eg Egypt ypt u ntil nt il they arrived at Mt. Mt . S inai (19:1), (19:1), and alm almost 2 months nth s passed u ntil Moses Moses destro dest royed yed the t he go golden calf calf (3 days of preparation preparation after arrival [19:16], 7 days of God's God's glo glory descended u pon Mt. Sinai before before Moses is calle called d u p to t o the top [ 24:16], and 40 days that Mo M oses dwelt dwelt on Sinai with with the t he Lord Lord [24:18] [ 24:18] , plus any unm u nmentio entioned ned travel travel time). Moses Moses retu rned with the t he second second set of tablets 40 days later (34:28 (34: 28 ). We know know from from 40:1-2 40:1-2 that t hat all of of the tabernacl t abernaclee const constru ructio ction n and related projects were com completed by " the first day of the first mo month, nth , " so itit wou wou ld appear that it took took no more than th an 6 months months to com complete all the work. The Tabernacle Tabern acle was erected approximately at ely 1 year after t he Israelites left Egypt. Where: The events event s of the passag pass agee take place at the th e bottom of Mt. Mt . Sinai, probably somewhere in the th e Sinai valley. valley. What is is go ing ing o n? ( Su mmary o f Events) The Priests' Garments: The craftsmen craftsmen made made garm garments for for Aaron's Aaron's sons and for for Aaron, Aaron, ju st as the t he Lord had inst ructed ru cted Moses on Sinai. (39:1-31) Moses Inspects the Work: When the th e work work was com completed, the Israelites Israelites broug brou ght it to t o Moses Moses for inspection inspection and Moses blessed them th em because becaus e they had h ad com completed all the work ju st as God had instru cted Mo M oses to t o do while while he was on Sinai (39:32-43) Moses Erects the Tab ernacle ernacle:: The Lord told told Moses to t o set u p the t he Tabernacle Tabernacle on on the t he first day of the first month and to arrange all the th e articles as he had co com mmanded. S o Moses did as t he Lord said and he himself himself erected the th e tabernacle, placed the ark of the Testimony in it and arranged all the articles as the Lord had told him to do. (40:1-33) The Glory Glo ry o f the Lo rd fill fillss the Tab ern ernac acle le:: When all all the parts of the Tabernacle Tabernacle had had been set u p, the clou clou d covered covered the t he Tent of Meeting and and God's glo glory ry filled filled the tabernacle. t abernacle. From Fr om that th at point on in their travels, they th ey moved onward when the clou clou d lifted lifted and stayed st ayed when it was upon u pon the Tent of Meeting. Meeting. (40:34-38 ) II .
Interpretatio Interpretatio n What principles principles are illus illustrat trated ed in this t his passage? What What wou wou ld you consider consider the th e theme theme of of this t his passag pass age? e?
What do we learn of of God's God's character from from this th is passage? Does this passag pass agee point point u s toward or or connect connect with wit h Christ Ch rist?? If so, how?
Why do you you think that t hat God had the th e people people go go to the tro t rou u ble of of bu ilding ilding the Tabernacle? Couldn't Cou ldn't he ju st continu continu e to lead lead them th em by the t he pillar pillar of fire/cloud fire/cloud as he had been?
Looking Looking back over over the th e book book of of Exodus, Exodu s, what wou ld you say is the t he main theme theme of of the book? How have Moses and the t he Israelites changed at the end vs. the start?
Read Genesis 15 and Exodus Exodu s 19:3-6. 19:3-6 . How were God's God's covenant covenant with Abraham Abr aham and God's covenant covenant with Moses simila similar? r? How were they different? III.
Application Exodu s is a book book about abou t redempt redemptio ion n and, in many ways, ways , a foreshad foreshadowi owing ng of of Christ Ch rist's 's com coming. The Lord redeemed redeemed his people from from the physical ph ysical slavery by the th e Egypt Egyptia ians. ns. In the t he same way, God God redeems u s from slavery to sin though the th e death, bu rial, rial, and resurrection of his his son, Jesu s. Ju st as God God sent Moses to Egypt, he also also sent his only only son son into the world. world. Despite the mu ltitude ltitu de of sim similari ilarities, ties, there is one stark difference: difference: only Christ was able to fully resol resolve ve the th e sin issu e of of mankind. mankind. It is to this truth that we stake our eternity.
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