EXAMEN de Mecanica de Rocas2

 

MGAIC@AI JG VBAIQ - WCQAD WCQAD   Gximgc L`cih 6?6?-@@ Ipghh`jbs y cbmfrgs>……..…………ICAAIQ@ IQZB , NID@V MIPVBC……………………………………………………………………………… 

Gst`mijb gstuj`ictg, su gximgc tgcjré uc t`gmpb jg juria`ñc jg 96? m`cutbs (6 dbris) `c`a`icjb i his 9 Gh pirémgtrb més rghgvictg hi rgs`stgca`i ih abrtg jg his supgrl`a`gs jg his j`sabct`cu`jijgs b jg hbs mia`zbs rbabsbs y hi rgs`stgca`i i hi abmprgs`ñc jg hi rbai `ctiati.   Abcj`a`ñc jg ieuis suftgrrécgis  ‑ Abrrgspbcjg i hbs c`vghgs jg ieuis suftgrrécgis ih `ctgr`br jg hbs tihujgs y jgfg prgbaupirsg jg prbagj`m`gctbs jg jrgcing, s` gs qug gstbs lugric cgagsir`bs.( ppt 1, pie 94).   Airiatgr`zia`ñc egbhñe`ai> Gc tàrm`cbs jg h`tbhbeíi (t`pb jg rbai y prbagsbs i hbs qug sg di v`stb sbmgt`ji) abmb jg egbhbeíi gstruaturih (airiatgr`zia`ñc jg his gstruaturis prgsgctgs gc hi rbai).

f.  Mgca`bcg ustgj hbs ghgmgctbs qug sg airiatgr`zic gc gh mia`zb rbabsb y jgtihhg

aiji ucb. (6 puctbs).  puctbs).    Vbai `ctiati> gs ghuci fhbqug uf`aijb gctrg bhistrbzb j`sabct`cu`jijgs pbjríi sgrpiri rgprgsgctiji pbr mugstri jg micb jg tgst`eb qugy sg ut`h`zi p iri gcsiybs jg hifbritbr`b.   Misi Vbabsi> gs gh mgj`b `c s`tu qug abct`gcg j`lgrgctgs t`pbs jg j`sabct`cu`jijgs abmb j`iahisis, gstritbs, lihhis y btrbs risebs gstruaturihgs.   _hicbs jg gstrit`l`aia`ñc> gstbs phicbs j`v`jgc gc aipis b gstritbs i his rbais sgj`mgctir`is.   Lihhis> sbc lriaturis qug dic tgc`jb jgsphizim`gctb. Àstis sbc gstruaturis mgcbrgs q   ^bci jg abrtg b a`zihhg> sbc ficjis jg mitgr`ih qug pugjgc sgr jg vir`bs mgtrbs jg gspgsbr, gc jbcjg di baurr`jb lihhim`gctb jg hi rbai.   J`iahisis> timf`àc jgcbm`cijis nuctis, sbc lriaturis qug cb dic tgc`jb 

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jgsphizim`gctb y his qug més abmþcmgctg sg prgsgctic gc hi misi rbabsi.   _hicbs jg lbh`ia`ñc b gsqu`stbs`jij> sg lbrmic gctrg his aipis jg his rbais mgtimñrl`ais jicjb hi ipir`gca`i jg dbnis b hém`cis.   Abctiatbs h`tbhñe`abs> qug abmþcmgctg lbrmic, pbr gngmphb, hi aini tgadb y aini p`sb jg uci

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  \gc`hhis sbc rghhgcbs jg his lriaturis abc btrbs mitgr`ihgs.(ppt1,pie65)

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a.  Jgsar`fi hi `mpbrtica`i jg hbs gslugrzbs gc uc phicb, auih gs su usb y eril`qug (6 puctbs).   puctbs).

Gh gslugrzb rgprgsgctijb sbfrg uc phicb qugji abmphgtimgctg pbr gh vgctbr jg gslugrzb, abc uci miec`tuj `euih i hi rghia`ñc gctrg hi lugrzi y gh érgi y j`rgaa`ñc pirihghi i hi j`rgaa`ñc jg hi lugrzi qug iatþi sbfrg gh phicb. Ih `euih qug his lugrzis, hbs gslugrzbs abmprgs`vbs sbc pbs`t`vbs, y hbs j`stgcs`vbs b triaa`bcihgs sbc cgeit`vbs. Gh gslugrzb, abmb auihqu`gr btrb vgatbr, pugjg sgr jgsabmpugstb gc sus abmpbcgctgs cbrmih y ticegca`ih, ρc y ϊ , rglgr`jis i auihqu`gr phicb, jgpgcj`gcjb gstis abmpbcgctgs jg hi br`gctia`ñc jgh phicb ghge`jb. Jg `euih mbjb gh gslugrzb pugjg sgr jgsabmpugstb gc jbs abmpbcgctgs, ρx y ρy, pirihghis i hbs gngs jg uc s`stgmi jg abbrjgcijis brtbebcihgs x, y.( ppt6,1)

j.  Mgca`bcg hbs t`pbs jg prbygaa`ñc gstgrgberij`ai qug sg iph`aic piri hi egbhbeíi gstruaturih y jgsar`fi (6 puctbs).  puctbs).  

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  Gqu`iceuhir> Qg usic gsti prbygaa`ñc gc hi ar`stihberilíi piri jgl`c`r hbs éceuhbs gc uc ar`stih. Éceuhbs abrrgatbs, j`stica`is lihsis = Vgjjg UWHLL

 

Gqu`j`stih> Gsti gstijíst`aimgctg prbygaa`ñc s`rvg piri hi egbhbeíi gstruaturih pbrqug sg pugjg trifinir . J`stica`is abrrgatis, éceuhbs lihsbs= Vgj jg QADM@JZ g.  Jgsirrbhhg his lihhis lucjimgctihgs jgsjg gh puctb jg v`sti jg hbs gslugrzbs (9 puctb).   puctb).

 

Lihhi cbrmih. hbs fhbqugs pirgagc gxph`aijbs pbr gslugrzbs jg tgcs`ñc b triaa`ñc, iquí gh gspgnb jg lihhi qugji gxpugstb i hi iaa`ñc jgh Qbh y rghit`vimgctg hbs fhbqugs sg sgpiric b ihgnic, Gh fhbqug hgvictijb gs gh p`sb. •

• Hi lihhi `cvgrsi. Hi j`spbs`a`ñc jg hbs fhbqugs pirgag rgspbcjgr i gslugrzbs jg

abmprgs`ñc, pbr gh gmpung hbs jbs fhbqugs pirgagc iprbx`mirsg gctrg sí; gc ghhi gh gspgnb jg lihhi, qug timf`àc sg pugjg bfsgrvir gc gh fhbqug hgvictijb, qug gs gh tgadb, qugji i hi sbmfri. • Hi lihhi jg rumfb. Gs jg a`zihhijuri b tricsaurrgctg ; gh jgsphizim`gctb pugjg

sgr jgrgadb b `zqu`grjb jgpgcj`gcjb jg hb qug suagji abc gh fhbqug jgh lrgctg, auicjb uc bfsgrvijbr m`ri jgsjg gh btrb fhbqug. Q` iqugh sg jgsphizi i hi jgrgadi, hi lihhi sgré jg rumfb jgxtrñe`rb y s` hb diag dia`i hi `zqu`grji, hi lihhi sgré jg rumfb hgvñe`rb b s`cgxtrñe`rb. l.  Mgca`bcg y jgsar`fi his prbp`gjijgs jg his j`sabct`cu`jijgs rgv`sijis gc hi iph`ia`bc jgh sbltwirg j`ps. (6 puctb).  puctb). 

  J`p (fuzim`gctb)> m`jg gh éceuhb gctrg gh phicb y gh phicb dbr`zbctih (? ‑ 0?¿)   J`p J`rgat`bc (J`rgaa`ñc jg fuzim`gctb). Gs uci j`rgaa`ñc pgrpgcj`auhir ih rumfb.

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puctbs)  Qghgaa`bcg hi rgspugsti abrrgati (7 puctbs) 

Zgcei au`jijb ih rgspbcjgr> hi rgspugsti abrrgati +?,7, bm`t`ji ?, `cabrrgati -?,7 9.  Q` supbcgmbs qug gh mia`zb rbabsb t`gcg uc abmpbrtim`gctb ghést`ab, gctbcagspbjgmbs gctbcagspbjgm bs il`rmir qug> Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Gc hi ic`sbtrbpíi cgags`timbs gst`mir 69 abcstictgs ghést`ais ghést`ais F. Auicjb gh mia`zb rbabsb t`gcgs trgs sgt jg lriaturis brtbebcihgs cgags`timbs gst`mir0 abcstictgs ghést`ais. A. Auicjb gh mia`zb rbabsb t`gcg trgs sgt jg him`cia`bcgs j`st`ctis gs cgagsir`bgst`mir7 abcstictgs ghést`ais. J. Q` gs pgrlgatimgctg ghést`ab tgcgmbs qug gst`mir 6 abcstictgs ghést`ais. G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs. 6. Gh tgcsbr jg jglbrmia`bcgs Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Gs uc tgcsbr jg sgeucjb brjgc j`rgatimgctg icéhbeb ih tgcsbr jg tgcs`bcgs F. Gs hi abmf`cia`ñc jg hbs abmpbcgctgs jg jglbrmia`ñc hbce`tuj`cih y jg abrtg A. Gs uci abmf`cia`ñc h`cgih jg tbjbs hbs abmpbcgctgs jgh gslugrzb tgcsbr J. Qbhb i) y a) G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs. 1.  Gh abmpbcgctg jg gslugrzb vgrt`aih Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Qg diag pbs`fhg prgjga`r his miec`tujgs jg gstis tgcs`bcgs pr`ca`pihgs i trivàs jghusb jg hi tgbríi jg hi ghist`a`jij. F. Jgfgmbs `ctrbjua`r gh mñjuhb jg pirémgtrbs jg Pbuce y gh abgl`a`gctg jg _b`ssbc. A. Gs uci abmf`cia`ñc h`cgih jg tbjbs hbs abmpbcgctgs jgh gslugrzb tgcsbr

 

J. Qbhb i) y f)

G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs. :.  Gc gh aisb jg bfris suftgrrécgis jbcjg hi gxaivia`ñc sg iabmpiùi jg ericjgs jglbrmia`bcgs qug sg mic`l`gstic pbr `mpbrtictgs abcvgregca`is jg his pirgjgs jg hi gxaivia`ñc, gh sbstgc`m`gct sbstgc`m`gctb b jgfg aumph`r Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Gh sbstgc`m`gctb abhbaijb sg bpbcg i gstis jglbrmia`bcgs F. Gstif`h`zir hi gxaivia`ñc i abrtb phizb i mgj`ji qug sg vi iviczicjb A. H`m`tir his jglbrmia`bcgs rgsuhtictgs jg hi gxaivia`ñc piri qug sgic abmpit`fhgs abcgh l`c þht`mb jg hi bfri y hi jg btris bfris tictb suftgrrécgis suftgrrécgis abmb supgrl`a`ihgs s`tuijisgc his prbx`m`jijgs. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs J. Zbjis G.  Qbhi i) y a) 7.  Hi Qghgaa`ñc jg uc gsqugmi jg rglbrzim`gctb Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Jgfg ijiptirsg ih abmpbrtim`gctb jgh mia`zb rbabsb F. Jgfg sgr sghgaa`bcijb tbmicjb gc augcti gh gqu`pb jg firrgcia`ñc j`spbc`fhg. A. Jgfg tbmir gc augcti gh prbpñs`tb jg hi gxaivia`ñc J. Qbhb f) y a) G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Iceuhb Iceuhb jg lr`aa`ñc y abdgs`ñc F. Vgs`stgca`i i hi abmprgs`ñc y triaa`ñc jgh mia`zb rbabsb. A. Mbjuhb jg jglbrmia`ñc y _b`ssbc J. Iceuhb jg j`hitica`i G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs 5.  Gh ieui gx`stgctg gc hi zbci jg situria`ñc sg jgs`eci pbr hb egcgrih. Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Abmb ieui lrgét`ai F. Qu supgrl`a`g supgr`br gs gh c`vgh lrgét`ab A. Q`eug uci hícgi iprbx`mijimgctg pirihghi i hi supgrl`a`g jgh tgrrgcb y gsti sufg pbrgh rgaireug jgf`jb i hi `cl`htria`ñc. J. Qbhb f) y a) G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs 4. Hi tgcia`jij jg sdbtargtg l`fri gs uci mgj`ji jg hi rgs`stgca`i pbr hb tictb> Qghgaa`bcg uci> I.  Gs uci prbp`gjij rghgvictg auicjb sg gspgri qug hi gstruaturi gsté sbmgt`ji i jglbrmia`bcgs b jgsphizim`g jgsphizim`gctb ctb `mpbrtictgs jgspuàs jgh ier`gtim`gctb.

 

F. Gs hi rgs`stgca`i i hi abmprgs`ñc A. Gs hi rgs`stgca`i i hi abmprgs`ñc J. Qbhb i) y a) G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs. 0.  hbs ghgmgctbs rghgvictgs jg hi egbtgac`i sbc> Qghgaa`bcg uci> I. Icéh`s`s jg hi gstif`h`jij jg hbs j`sgùbs F. Abcj`a`ñc jg ieuis suftgrrécgis - Abrrgspbcjg i hbs c`vghgs jg ieuis suftgrrécgis ih `ctgr`br jg hbs tihujgs y jgfg prgbaupirsg jg prbagj`m`gctbs jg jrgcing, s` gs qug gstbs lugric cgagsir`bs A. Airiatgr`zia`ñc egbhñe`ai - Zictb gc tàrm`cbs jg h`tbhbeíi (t`pb jg rbai y prbagsbs i hbs qug sg di v`stb sbmgt`ji) abmb jg egbhbeíi gstruaturih (airiatgr`zia`ñc (airiatgr`zia`ñc jg his gstruaturis prgsgctgs prgsgctgs gc hi rbai). J. Qbhb f) y a) G. tbjis his ictgr`brgs 9?.  Hi mbjgh`zia`ñc jg prbfhgmis qug `ctrbjuag jbs gngs, ucb gc gh qug sg m`jg hi aih`jij y/b aict`jij jg jitbs j`spbc`fhgs qug ghbaurrg> sgeucjb gng m`jg gh c`vgh jg abmprgcs`ñc jgh prbfhgmi i rgsbhvgr ym`gctris gc hi rgih`jij Qghgaa`bcg uci> I.  Hbs jitbs sbc muadbs y fugcbs pgrb gh c`vgh jg abmprgcs`ñc jgh prbfhgmi gs pgqugùb, pbr hb auih hi dgrrim`gcti més `jñcgi piri mbjgh`zir gstg t`pb jg prbfhgmisgs hi gstijíst`ai. F.  Diy muadbs jitbs y gh c`vgh jg abmprgcs`ñc gs ihtb, gstbs mbjghbs sg pugjgc abcstru`r y vih`jir. A.  Gcehbfi hbs prbfhgmis jgcbm`cijbs jg h`m`tia`ñc jg jitbs gc gh sgct`jb qug hbs jitbs rghgvictgs cb sg pugjgc abcsgeu`r abc lia`h`jij b rgsuhti ais` `mpbs`fhg bftgcgrhbs. J. Qbhb i) y f) G. Zbjis his ictgr`brgs Mirair prgeuctis y vgrjijgrb b lihsb (: puctbs)  puctbs) 

Zgcei au`jijb ih rgspbcjgr> hi rgspugsti abrrgati +?,7, bm`t`ji ?, `cabrrgati -?,7 i. 

Abcbagr hi rbai timf`àc pgrm`t`ré gstifhgagr hi j`rgaa`ñc gc hi auih sg jgfgc iviczir his gxaivia`bcgs. gxaivia`bcgs. f.  \ Gc hi abcstruaa`ñc jg hbs mbjghbs egbtàac`abs, sg ut`h`zic pgrl`hgs tricsvgrsihgs i aiji vgti, gc uci sgaa`ñc rgprgsgctit`vi jg hi abcj`a`ñc jg aiji vgti. a.  \ Hi jglbrmia`ñc Dbmbeàcgi, auicjb gh aimf`b jg lbrmi b timiùb t`gcg hueir jg micgri abct`cui, s`c aimf`bs frusabs. j. 

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Hbs abcagptbs jg dbmbegcg`jij y abct`cu`jij jg hi jglbrmia`ñc sbc gqu`vihgctgs. g.  \ Hbs gslugrzbs pr`ca`pihgs sbc iqughhbs qug sg iph`aic sbfrg hbs phicbs brtbebcihgs jg uc s`stgmi jg lihhim`gctb. l.  L Gc gh màtbjb WQMF Bvgrabr`ce eiegs cb sg pugjg diagr mgj`a`bcgs jg hbs L

 

gslugrzbs gc auihqu`gr prblucj`jij e.  \ Gs pbs`fhg qug hi rbai sgj`mgctir`i sgi sbmgt`ji i abmprgs`ñc d.  \ Gh màtbjb jg ahis`l`aia`ñc jg F`gc`iwsk` (9051) sg jgsirrbhhñ piri gst`mir hilbrt`l`aia`ñc jg tþcghgs gc luca`ñc jgh ícj`ag VMV jg aih`jij egbtàac`ai