Examen #4 ING Cruz

 

^ugrtm Iyieuebm, 9:/>1/:>:> Wf`vgrs`hih Fie`mfil Gxpgr`ogftil ^ml`tàef`ei hg li Augrzi Iroihi Fie`mfil Jml`vir`ifi Is`dfituri; Emfergtm ^rgemopr`o`hm ^rmagsmr; @fd. Eruz Zg`filhm Jieb`llgr; O`sigl Xmvir E.@; :1118802 @fd E`v`l 2vm Ugogstrg

 H`sgùm pmr Gsaugrzm Gsaugrzm Emrtiftg. Gl emopmrtio`gftm hg lis p`gzis gstrueturilgs hg bmro`dõf iroihm smogt`his i augrzis emrtiftgs, gs oés emoplgkm qug su emopmrtio`gftm jikm sml`e`tie`mfgs algx`mfiftgs. Li rgs`stgfe`i i li emoprgs`õf y i li triee`õf hgl bmro`dõf s`oplg, li mr`gftie`õf hgl rgaugrzm hg iegrm emf rglie`õf i lis a`suris hg emrtg, y li prmx`o`hih hg eirdis emfegftrihis, gl f`vgl hgftrm hg li v`di gf gl qug ietûif lis eirdis, smf ildufms hg lms aietmrgs qug hga`fgf lms ogeif`soms qug sg hgsirrmllif hgftrm hg lms glgogftms gstrueturilgs piri rgs`st`r lis augrzis emrtiftgs. Li prgsgfe`i s`oultéfgi hg tmhms gstms aietmrgs hgtgro`fi qug lis aillis  pmr emrtiftg sgif aréd`lgs, lm qug gs ufi eirietgrïst`ei `fhgsgijlg qug hgjg sgr sg r emftrmlihi huriftg gl prmegsm hg h`sgùm. Lms glgogftms hg bmro`dõf iroihm iagetihms pmr augrzis emrtiftgs usuilogftg tioj`àf gstéf smogt`hms i li iee`õf hg omogftms algetmrgs. Gsiûf pms`jlg tioj`àf gstàf prgsgftgs sml`e`tie`mfgs ix`ilgs y tmrs`mfilgs qug pughgf vmlvgr oés qug emoplgki li prgh`ee`õf hgl emopmrtio`gftm hg lis gstrueturis. Li tgmrïi hg emrtiftg gf v`dis, hgsirrmllihi piri oitgr`ilgs bmomdàfgms, `smtrõp`ems y glést`ems, pughg sgr ut`l`zihi emom puftm hg pirt`hi, pgrm hgjg sgr omh`a`eihi piri tmoir gf emfs`hgrie`õf lms rgstiftgs aietmrgs `fvmluerihms. Li a`surie`õf gf gl bmro`dõf, ufi vgz ileifzihm uf hgtgro`fihm f`vgl hg gsaugrzms, eioj`i gl emopmrtio`gftm hg lms glgogftms gstrueturilgs. Gsti `femopit`j`l`hih gftrg lis b`põtgs`s tgõr`eis y gl emopmrtio`gftm rgil jikm sml`e`tie`mfgs hg emrtiftg bi s`hm supgrihi iopl`iogftg i trivàs hg ufi gxtgfsi `fvgst`die`õf gxpgr`ogftil.   Lis augrzis emrtiftgs trifsvgrsilgs gxtgrfis Q, qug ietûif smjrg lms glgogftms gstrueturilgs, hgjgf sgr rgs`st`his pmr gsaugrzms emrtiftgs `ftgrfms t, `duilogftg trifsvgrsilgs, pgrm qug pmr gqu`l`jr`m tioj`àf dgfgrif emrtiftgs bmr`zmftilgs emom sg mjsgrvi gf li s`du`gftg a`duri.

 

Li Zgs`stgfe`i hg Oitgr`ilgs pgro`tg hga`f`r lis geuie`mfgs qug hgser`jgf li vir`ij`l`hih hgl alukm hg emrtiftg, y hg lms gsaugrzms emrtiftgs `ftgrfms t, gf aufe`õf hg li ilturi i li qug sg o`hgf tilgs gsaugrzms, piri oitgr`ilgs bmomdàfgms, `smtrõp`ems y glést`ems. ^iri gl eism hg sgee`mfgs rgetifdulirgs, sgee`mfgs X, sgee`mfgs L, y sgee`mfgs @, sg gstijlgegf emom gsaugrzm emrtiftg eirietgrïst`em, iftgs hg iagetirsg emf mtrms aietmrgs, il mjtgf`hm ogh`iftg li s`du`gftg gxprgs`õf;

 GE;9 Hõfhg; v; Gsaugrzm emrtiftg rgagrgfe`il prmogh`m Q; Augrzi emrtiftg  jw; Ifebm hgl iloi rgs`stgftg il emrtiftg h; H`stife`i hgshg gl egftrm`hg hgl iegrm hg rgaugrzm bisti li a`jri gxtrgoi gf emoprgs`õf.

 Zgs`stgfe`i i Emrtiftg Emrtiftg gf Q`dis hg Bmro`dõf, Bmro`dõf, s`f Zgaugr Zgaugrzm zm gf gl Iloi.   Li emoj`fie`õf hg llii algx`õf y gl emrtiftg smjrg lms glgogftms gstrueturilgs plifms dgfgri uf gstihm j`ix`il hg gsaugrzms.

Lïfgis hg gsaugrzms pr`fe`pilgs gf v`dis emf eirdis uf`amrogogftg h`str`ju`his.

 U` sg tmoi emom rgagrgfe`i i li v`di hg li a`duri iftgr`mr, sg prmhueg uf gstihm tgfs`mfil emf alukm hg emoprgs`mfgs hgshg gl uf ipmym bie`i gl mtrm ipmym, i omhm hg irem .

 

Alukm hg Emoprgs`mfgs.

Gf li h`rgee`õf pgrpgfh`eulir il alukm hg gsaugrzms hg emoprgs`õf sg prmhueg uf alukm hg triee`mfgs, qug gs erït`em gf gl eism hgl bmro`dõf.

Alukm hg Xriee`mfgs.

Gf li gstrueturi ifil`zihi, li a`surie`õf hg triee`õf pmr algx`õf hmo`fi gf li zmfi Egftril, o`gftris qug li a`surie`õf hg triee`õf pmr emrtiftg hmo`fi li zmfi egreifi i lms ipmyms.

Oipi hg A`surie`mfgs.

 

Gl gsaugrzm oïf`om rgs`stgftg i emrtg hgl bmro`dõf s`oplg sg eileuli ogh`iftg li s`du`gftg gxprgs`õf jés`ei, qug pmr su amroi hg gxprgs`õf duirhi ufi rglie`õf h`rgeti emf li rgs`stgfe`i i li triee`õf hgl bmro`dõf;

GE; : Hõfhg;  a¸e; rgs`stgfe`i eirietgrïsei hgl bmro`dõf i emoprgs`õf gf Cd/eo: Qe; gsaugrzm oéx`om rgs`stgftg i emrtiftg hgl bmro`dõf gf Cd/eo: I emffuie`õf sg prgsgfti ufi tijli emf lms vilmrgs hg rgs`stgfe`i oïf`oi il emrtiftg piri lms bmro`dmfgs oés usuilgs gf gl ogh`m. Zgs`stgfe`i il emrtiftg hg lms bmro`dmfgs sgdûf IE@;

^iri uf ifél`s`s oés rga`fihm, euifhm gx`sti, ihgoés hg lis augrzis emrtiftgs, li iee`õf hg augrzis ix`ilgs hg emoprgs`õf, sg rgemo`gfhi ut`l`zir li s`du`gftg gxprgs`õf piri hga`f`r li rgs`stgfe`i il emrtiftg.

GE; :.9 Hõfhg; Fu; Eirdi ix`il ûloi hg emoprgs`õf qug meurrg s`oultéfgiogftg emf Q, gf Cd. Id; Ugee`õf trifsvgrsil hg bmro`dõf gf eo:.

 

 Gl pipgl hg iegrm gf gf li rgs`stgfe`i i emrtg emrtg hgl bmro`dõf iroihm. iroihm. Lis a`suris hg triee`õf pmr algx`õf sg gop`gzif i prmhue`r gf li zmfi `fagr`mr (zmfi hg oiymrgs gsaugrzms hg triee`õf) y sg prmpidif vgrt`eilogftg bie`i irr`ji. Li prmpidie`õf hg gsis a`suris sg emftrmli pmrqug smf “ems`his‟ pmr gl iegrm lmfd`tuh`fil hg algx`õf gf li zmfi oés erït`ei (a`jris `fagr`mrgs) lm qug ihgoés hg l`o`tir gl ifebm hg lis rikihuris, gv`ti qug gl gkg fgutrm sg hgsplieg gxegs`viogftg bie`i irr`ji, hg omhm qug ufi vgz qug lis a`suris ileifzif gl gkg fgutrm, hgt`gfg su erge`o`gftm.

^mr mtri pirtg, lis a`suris hg triee`õf pmr emrtg `f`e`if gf lis a`jris egftrilgs (qug t`gfgf lms oiymrgs gsaugrzms) y rép`hiogftg sg prmpidif bie`i lms hms gxtrgoms (a`jris supgr`mrgs g `fagr`mrgs). Li a`surie`õf ileifzi i iagetir `felus`vg i li pmre`õf uj`eihi gfe`oi hgl gkg fgutrm hg algx`õf pmr lm qug sg rgqu`grg hg iegrm ih`e`mfil qug itriv`gsg gsis a`suris gf tmhms lms f`vglgs y emftrmlg gl erge`o`gftm hg lis o`sois piri gv`tir li ailli hg li gstrueturi. Gl iegrm rgs`stgftg il emrtg t`gfg dgfgrilogftg li amroi hg gstr`jms trifsvgrsilgs, y meis`mfilogftg hg vir`llis lmfd`tuh`filgs hmjlihis i 87».

Iroihuri trifsvgrsil qug emsg i lis a`suris hg emrtg.

 

Iroihuri hmjlihi h`idmfilogftg qug emsg i lis a`suris hg emrtg.

O`gftris lms gstr`jms eruzif i lis a`suris emf sus : rioilgs vgrt`eilgs, gf gl eism hg lis  jirris hmjlihis gl erueg sg s g prmhueg gf uf smlm s`t`m, pmr lm qug lms gstr`jms smf s mf hmjlgogftg gaget`vms.  Li a`surie`õf pmr algx`õf sg prmhueg gf li h`rgee`õf trifsvgrsil (zmfi egftril hg li s`du`gftg a`duri), yili87» a`surie`õf pmr emrtiftg gf li zmfi erït`ei hg lms ipmyms sg prmhueg iprmx`oihiogftg hgl gkg lmfd`tuh`fil.

Mr`gftie`õf hg lis a`suris pmr algx`õf y emrtiftg.

 H`sgùm pmr Emrtiftg Emrtiftg ( H`sgùm hg Gstr`jms). Gstr`jms). Gs fgegsir`m tgfgr prgsgftg qug lms oéx`oms gsaugrzms emrtiftgs meurrgf gf iqugllms puftms hmfhg gl omogftm algx`mfiftg gs `duil i egrm, m sgi gf lms gxtrgoms. Lm gxpugstm sg mjsgrvi gf li s`du`gftg a`duri;

 

Gl idr`gtio`gftm qug sg prgsgfti gf gl egftrm hgl elirm hg li v`di sg hgjg i li iee`õf hg lms omogftms gx`mfiftgs, h`ebis dr`gtis smf vgreilgs y sg hgsplizif gl Gkg Fgutrm (GF) bie`i irr`ji i ogh`hi qug iuogftif lis eirdis. Lis dr`gtis pmr emrtiftg sg prgsgftif gf lms gxtrgoms y smf `fel`fihis.

Gs emoûf gseuebir y mjsgrvir il iljiù`l m oigstrm hg mjri euifhm lg gspgeïa`ei i su iyuhiftg qug lms pr`ogrms e`fem gstr`jms sg emlmqugf i eihi 7 eo y gl rgstm i eihi 9> eo õ 97 eo. Hihm qug lms oéx`oms emrtiftgs meurrgf gf lms gxtrgoms, li hge`s`õf hgl iljiù`l gs iegrtihi. U`f gojirdm emom h`sgùihmrgs hgjgoms tgfgr prgsgftg qug li h`spms`e`õf hgser`ti  piri gstr`jms, fm gs ufi emfstiftg emfs tiftg gf tmhis lis gstrueturis, pugs hgpgfhg hg lis sml`e`tie`mfgs (eirdis) pmr emrtiftg. Aufe`mfgs hgl rgaugrzm pmr emrtiftg (Gstr`jms)

   Umpmrti pirtg hg li augrzi emrtiftg gxtgrfi aietmr`zihi. 

   @op`hg li ipir`e`õf hg dr`gtis h`idmfilgs. 

 

   Uukgti lis vir`llis lmfd`tuh`filgs gf su pms`e`õf. 

 ^rmpmre`mfi



emfa`fio`gftm il emfergtm.   Geuie`mfgs ut`l`zihis piri gl h`sgùm pmr emrtiftg

Gx`stgf hms oàtmhms piri eileulir li eift`hih hg gstr`jms i emlmeirsg gf ufi v`di lms euilgs smf; s`opl`a`eihm y hgtillihm.  I¾) Oàtmhm U`opl`a`eihm;

GE; 5

Hõfhg;  j; Ifebm hg li sgee`õf. h; ^griltg gaget`vm. a'e; Zgs`stgfe`i i li emoprgs`õf hgl emfergtm. Ò; Emga`e`gftg hg sgdur`hih il emrtg. ÒQe; Zgs`stgfe`i fmo`fil hgl emfergtm il gsaugrzm emrtiftg.  I.9) U` gl glgogftm gsté sukgtm ihgoés i eirdi hg emoprgs`õf gftmfegs;

GE; 5.9

 Fu; eirdi ix`il aietmr`zihi hg emoprgs`õf Id; érgi jruti (drugsi) hg li sgee`õf trifsvgrsil.  Li rgs`stgfe`i pmr emrtiftg tmtil qug margeg uf o`gojrm gs `duil i li suoi hgl ipmrtg hgl emfergtm (ÒQe) y li hgl iegrm (Qs). Li emftr`jue`õf hgl iegrm gs `duil i;

GE; 5.:

Iv; Érgi hg li vir`lli U; Ugpirie`õf lmfd`tuh`fil Qs; Ipmrtg hgl iegrm i li rgs`stgfe`i pmr emrtiftg. Is`o`som hgjg euopl`rsg emf lms s`du`gftgs rgqugr`o`gftms;

 

GE; 5.5

Gl érgi oïf`oi pmr emrtiftg hgjg sgr;

GE; 5.8

Li sgpirie`õf oéx`oi (Uoéx) hg gstr`jms fm hgjg gxeghgr /:, f` 1> eo. Euifhm Qs 6∛ ' *j*h lms er`tgr`ms hg sgpirie`õf hgjgf rghue`rsg i li o`tih m sgi é ? h/8  J¾) Oàtmhm Hgtillihm;

GE; 8

Is ? érgi hg iegrm lmfd`tuh`fil.  Qu? Augrzi emrtiftg aietmrihi gf gl puftm hg ifél`s`s emfs`hgrihm. Ou?Omogftm algx`mfiftg aietmrihm.

 H@UGÙM I EMZXIFXG HG HG Q@DIU HG BMZO@ BMZO@DMF DMF IZOIHM, EMF   ZGAWGZ[M XZIFUQGZUIL XZIFUQGZUIL GF GL ILOI. Lis v`dis hg bmro`dõf iroihm prgsgftif : ogeif`soms piri rgs`st`r i lis augrzis emrtiftgs;  Zgs`stgfe`i puri hgl bmro`dõf



 Zgs`stgfe`i hgl iegrm trifsvgrsil m h`idmfil



Emom emfsgeugfe`i, li eipie`hih rgs`stgftg fmo`fil v`gfg hihi pmr li s`du`gftg Gxprgs`õf; GE; 7

Hõfhg; Qf; Eipie`hih rgs`stgftg fmo`fil i emrtg hg li v`di hg bmro`dõf iroihm.

 

 Qe; Eipie`hih rgs`stgftg i emrtg hgl bmro`dõf s`oplg.  Qs; Eipie`hih rgs`stgftg i emrtg hgl iegrm hg rgaugrzm.

Gstr`jms trifsvgrsilgs qug eruzif lis a`suris hg emrtg.

Gf gl lïo`tg, li rglie`õf gftrg gl emrtiftg ûlt`om y li eipie`hih rgs`stgftg fmo`fil gs; GE; 1

Hõfhg; Qu; sml`e`tie`õf ûlt`oi hg emrtiftg. Qf; eipie`hih rgs`stgftg fmo`fil i emrtg hg li v`di hg bmro`dõf iroihm. A; aietmr hg rghuee`õf hg eipie`hih i emrtiftg euym vilmr gs hg >.27. Li emfh`e`õf jés`ei qug sg hgjg euopl`r piri qug li eipie`hih rgs`stgftg sgi ihgeuihi emf rglie`õf i lis sml`e`tie`mfgs gs qug; GE; 4

Li eipie`hih rgs`stgftg hgl bmro`dõf s`oplg gf v`dis rgetifdulirgs, X, L m @ gsté hga`f`hi  pmr;

GE; 2

Hõfhg; Qe; Eipie`hih rgs`stgftg i emrtg hgl bmro`dõf s`oplg. Qe; Gsaugrzm rgs`stgftg hgl bmro`dõf;  jw; Ifebm hgl iloi rgs`stgftg il emrtiftg.

 

h; H`stife`i hgshg gl egftr`mhg hgl iegrm hg rgaugrzm i triee`õf bisti li a`jri gxtrgoi gf emoprgs`õf. Li pirtg hgl emrtiftg qug fm pughg sgr ijsmrj`hi pmr gl bmro`dõf hgjg sgr rgs`st`hi pmr li iroihuri trifsvgrsil. H`ebi augrzi, jikm li supms`e`õf hg qug gl iegrm bi gftrihm gf alugfe`i, gs gl prmhuetm hgl érgi hg tmhms lms gstr`jms qug eruzif li a`suri pmr gl gsaugrzm hg alugfe`i. Li geuie`õf qug hgser`jg i li oidf`tuh hg li augrzi ijsmrj`hi pmr gl iegrm trifsvgrsil gs;

GE; 0

Hõfhg; vs; Augrzi emrtiftg ijsmrj`hi pmr lms gstr`jms f; Fûogrm hg gstr`jms qug emrtif i li a`suri Iv; Ugee`õf trifsvgrsil hg iegrm hg eihi gstr`jm qug eruzi li a`suri (: vgegs li sgee`õf trifsvgrsil hg li vir`lli) Ay; Gsaugrzm hg alugfe`i hgl iegrm hg rgaugrzm Gl fûogrm hg gstr`jms qug emrtif i li a`suri sg pughg eileulir gf jisg i su gspie`io`gftm.

GE; 9>

Hõfhg; h; Ilturi gaget`vi hg li v`di. s; ; Gspie`io`gftm lmfd`tuh`fil hg lms gstr`jms qug emrtif li a`suri. Zggoplizifhm li ûlt`oi gxprgs`õf gf li Geuie`õf (0) sg t`gfg;

GE; 99

Lis geuie`mfgs prgv`is gxprgsihis gf tàro`fms hg gsaugrzms smf;

GE; 9:

Hõfhg; vu; Gsaugrzm uf`tir`m hg emrtg ûlt`om.

 

GE; 95

Hõfhg; ve; gsaugrzm uf`tir`m rgs`stgftg hgl bmro`dõf s`oplg. vs; gsaugrzm uf`tir`m gqu`vilgftg hgl iegrm hg rgaugrzm trifsvgrsil. Hgspgkifhm “vs‟ sg t`gfg;

GE; 98

Zggoplizifhm gl vilmr hg vs gf li geuie`õf 99 sg t`gfg;

GE; 97

U`opl`a`eifhm;

GE; 91

@duilifhm li Geuie`õf (95) emf li Geuie`õf (91);

GE; 94

Hgspgkifhm gl gspie`io`gftm hg lms gstr`jms “s‟;

GE; 92

Li ûlt`oi aõrouli pgro`tg hgtgro`fir gl gspie`io`gftm il qug hgjgf emlmeirsg lms gstr`jms  piri ijsmrjgr uf gsaugrzm gsau grzm hg emrtg ûlt`om hgtgro`fihm. ^iri gl h`sgùm hg ufi v`di rgetifdulir, gf X, gf L m gf @, iftg sml`e`tie`mfgs hg emrtg sg ut`l`zif lis geuie`mfgs :, 9:, 95 y 92.