User manual for the ExaLINK Layer 1 switch from Exablaze....
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ExaLINK50 ExaLINK 50 User Manual
Copyright © 2014 Exablaze Pty Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
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CONTENTS
Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 5, 443 Little Collins Street Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia +61 3 9111 1773
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Figures
3
About the ExaLINK Overview About this manual
4 4 6
Safety and installation warnings
7
The ExaLINK system Package contents Understanding the ExaLINK Connecting to the ExaLINK Accessing the ExaLINK
9 9 9 11 11
Setting up the ExaLINK 1. Installing the hardware 2. Conguring the IP address (optional) 3. Changing the default passwords (optional) 4. Connecting the ExaLINK to the network 5. Updating the rmware 6. Port naming and groups 7. Port connectivity options 8. Port speed 9. Port type 10. Port status
15 16 17 18 18 18 19 21 23 23 24
Other common tasks Changing the login password Changing the privileged password Using SSH key based authentication Checking the rmware version Finding the ExaLINK IP address Saving startup-cong Updating the rmware Viewing system time Viewing statistics Swapping a power supply module Swapping a fan module Conguring SNMP
25 25 25 26 27 27 28 28 28 29 31 32 33
Troubleshooting
34
Appendix A: Commands
35
Appendix B: Commands
42
Appendix C: Received Eye Scan
43
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CONTENTS
Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 5, 443 Little Collins Street Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia +61 3 9111 1773
[email protected] Engineering Ofce:
Figures
3
About the ExaLINK Overview About this manual
4 4 6
Safety and installation warnings
7
The ExaLINK system Package contents Understanding the ExaLINK Connecting to the ExaLINK Accessing the ExaLINK
9 9 9 11 11
Setting up the ExaLINK 1. Installing the hardware 2. Conguring the IP address (optional) 3. Changing the default passwords (optional) 4. Connecting the ExaLINK to the network 5. Updating the rmware 6. Port naming and groups 7. Port connectivity options 8. Port speed 9. Port type 10. Port status
15 16 17 18 18 18 19 21 23 23 24
Other common tasks Changing the login password Changing the privileged password Using SSH key based authentication Checking the rmware version Finding the ExaLINK IP address Saving startup-cong Updating the rmware Viewing system time Viewing statistics Swapping a power supply module Swapping a fan module Conguring SNMP
25 25 25 26 27 27 28 28 28 29 31 32 33
Troubleshooting
34
Appendix A: Commands
35
Appendix B: Commands
42
Appendix C: Received Eye Scan
43
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FIGURES
Head Ofce:
Figure 1: An example set-up for the ExaLINK to act as an electronic patch panel and to enable system monitoring.
4
Figure 2: Front 2: Front panel of the ExaLINK.
9
Figure 3: Back 3: Back panel of the ExaLINK.
10
Figure 4: Command-line 4: Command-line interface.
12
Figure 5: Web 5: Web interface login screen.
13
Figure 6: Main 6: Main menu of the web interface.
13
Figure 7: Clip 7: Clip the rack-mounting nuts into the rack.
16
Figure 8: Sliding 8: Sliding the ExaLINK into a rack.
16
Figure 9: Plugging 9: Plugging SFP+ modules into the ExaLINK.
16
Figure 10: Updating 10: Updating the rmware through the web interface.
19
Figure 11: Setting 11: Setting Port groups.
20
Figure 12: Setting 12: Setting destination ports.
22
Figure 13: Example 13: Example Conguration.
22
Figure 14: The 14: The Statistics screen in the web interface.
30
Figure 15: Removing 15: Removing one of the Emerson power supply modules.
31
Figure 16: Removing 16: Removing one of the fan modules.
32
Figure 17: Advanced 17: Advanced window.
35
Figure 18: An eye scan of 10G ethernet received over 2m OM3 ber using SR transceivers.
43
Figure 19: An eye scan of 10G ethernet received over 2m passive copper cable.
44
Figure 20: An eye scan of 10G ethernet received over 7m passive copper cable.
44
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ABOUT THE EXALINK Overview The ExaLINK is a 50-port layer 1 circuit switch that can electronically create a circuit between each of its outputs and any input port, forwarding data in around 5 nanoseconds – ve one-billionths of a second – about the same time it takes light to travel through 1m (3ft) of optical bre. Every port output (TX) can be driven from any single port input (RX). This architecture enables replication, monitoring and remote, hands-free network reconguration with a negligible latency overhead, making the ExaLINK an extremely effective device for a range of mission-critical use cases. An example network conguration incorporating the ExaLINK is shown in Figure 1. 1.
Figure 1: 1: An example set-up for the ExaLINK to act as an electronic patch panel and to enable system monitoring.
Dual-purpose network device: replicate and recongure Each incoming network connection can be forwarded to more than one port, so it’s perfectly suited for packet replication and network monitoring, both with virtually no latency. Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
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But the ExaLINK’s unusual, patent-pending architecture lends itself to another use as a new kind of top-of-rack device, an electronic patch panel that enables remote, hands-free network reconguration. These two aspects of the ExaLINK allow it to be deployed in almost any data centre to improve network speed, re-congurability and risk controls.
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World’s fastest high fan-out edge device As a 1-to-n edge device, the ExaLINK delivers competitive advantage to brokers, market operators and trading rms, by performing nearly 100 times faster than the multicast-capable packet-switches they currently use to broadcast market data, publish volatilities and monitor system performance.
New kind of top-of-rack 1-to-1 connector As a 1-to-1 top-of-rack device, the ExaLINK offers convenience, exibility and a reduction in Total Cost of Ownership for businesses both inside and outside the trading industry. Instead of people having to physically go into a co-location environment or data centre to move cables around, ExaLINK enables connections to be repatched remotely, and instantly, via a exible management interface.
Accepts all SFP+ modules The ExaLINK works with all brands of SFP+ module and is not tied to a particular brand.
Other features • Dedicated 10/100Mbps Ethernet management port • Industry-standard command-line interface (CLI) • Linux- and AJAX-powered web GUI • SNMP-compatible management, for integration with network management and monitoring infrastructure (in a future rmware release) • Switch conguration, including per-port ltering • Software updates via USB, TFTP, console or web inter face • Access to management interfaces via serial console and Ethernet interfaces • Monitoring of available SFP+ parameters, including SFP+ model information and dynamic parameters such as received power, transmitted power and temperature • Hardware fan synchronisation to mitigate beat frequency noise Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
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For more information about the ExaLINK and Exablaze, see http://www.exablaze.com
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About this manual This manual describes how to set up and use the ExaLINK hardware and software. The manual is for users and system administrators responsible for installing and operating the ExaLINK.
Conventions This symbol indicates something important. Take care!
Describes the web interface for managing the ExaLINK
Describes the command-line interface for managing the ExaLINK.
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SAFETY AND INSTALLATION WARNINGS Ambient temperature Make sure the ambient temperature does not exceed the maximum ambient temperature allowed for the ExaLINK (104ºF, 40ºC). If installed in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly, the ambient temperature of the rack during operation will be greater than room ambient. Air ow Install the ExaLINK in the rack in a way that provides sufcient air ow for safe operation.
Environment
Mechanical loading Mount the ExaLINK in the rack with a mechanical load that is evenly distributed and not excessive. Circuit overloading Ensure that no overloading of the circuits occurs which might affect overcurrent protection and supply wiring. The ratings are provided on the unit. Earthing Ensure that the rack-mounted equipment is earthed reliably. Consider using supply connections other than direct connections to the branch circuit (e.g. use of power strips).
Power
Head Ofce:
Check that your ExaLINK is rated to be used with the mains power in your country. Total ExaLINK ratings: • 100-240V AC • 10.58-4.4A • 50-60Hz Use only Emerson™ DS460S-3 power supply modules. If your ExaLINK is tted with a DC input power supply, ensure the input voltage is within the range 40-72V. For DC input, use only Emerson™ DS460SDC power supply modules.
Before servicing
Disconnect the two power-supply cables before servicing.
Power cables
Ensure the ExaLINK uses mains power cables approved in the country of operation.
Clock battery
CAUTION: The ExaLINK has a battery-powered real-time clock circuit. There is a danger of explosion if the battery is replaced incorrectly. Replace only with CR2032 type coin cells. Discard used batteries according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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Laser safety
Warranty void if opened
FCC compliance
CAUTION: Each SFP+ module used in the ExaLINK is a CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT. Invisible laser radiation may be emitted from the aperture of an SFP+ module when the ber cables are disconnected. Do not stare into the open aperture of an SFP+ module and avoid exposure to laser radiation when a ber cable is disconnected from an SFP+ module. Do not open the case of the ExaLINK. The warranty of the ExaLINKwill be void if the case is opened. Tamper-proof seals on the case of the ExaLINK will be activated if the case is opened. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
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The ExaLINK system Package contents Your ExaLINK package should contain the following parts: • 1 x ExaLINK • 4 x M6 rack-mounting nuts • 4 x M6 rack-mounting bolts • 4 x rack-mounting washers • 2 x IEC power leads • 1 x Quickstart Guide (1 double sided A4 page) If any of these are missing, please contact us at exablaze.com/support.
Understanding the ExaLINK The front panel of the ExaLINK has 50 ports (shown in Figure 2 as item 1). Each port accepts SFP and SFP+ ber optic transceiver modules. These modules can operate up to 10Gbps. To achieve minimal latency, the ExaLINK has no understanding of packet boundaries – it creates a physical connection from one port to another port. For this reason packet statistics such as counts are not available. The easiest way to think of the connectivity options supported is to consider that every port output (TX) can be driven from any single port input (RX). This allows arbitrary bidirectional connections between any set of two ports and also the ability to replicate data (for market data distribution or monitoring) from one port’s RX to multiple ports’ TX. Front panel
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Figure 2: Front panel of the ExaLINK
Figure 2 shows the front panel of the ExaLINK. Items 1-9 are as follows:
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1. Ports 1 to 50 for SFP / SFP+ modules. 2. Fan-status LED indicator (green=OK, red=fan failure) 3. System-status LED indicator (green=OK, red= ExaLINK system failure) 4. Serial port 5. External timing reference port (currently not used) 6. Power-supply LED indicator (green=OK, red=power-supply failure) 7. LED (currently not used) 8. Ethernet port 9. USB port
Back panel
Figure 3: Back panel of the ExaLINK
Figure 3 shows the back panel of the ExaLINK. Items 1-10 are as follows: 1. Power supply #1 2. Power cable socket for power supply #1 3. Quick-release lever for power supply #1 4. Fan module #1 5. Release screws for fan module #1 6. Release screws for fan module #2 7. Fan module #2 8. Power supply #2 9. Power cable socket for power supply #2 10. Quick-release lever for power supply #2
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Connecting the ExaLINK For management, the ExaLINK can be connected through the Ethernet port on the front panel (shown in Figure 2, item 8). The ExaLINK can be managed via a command-line interface or a web-based interface (http). In addition, it can be connected directly to a PC using a serial connection for command line-only access. The four ways to access the ExaLINK are: • Serial via the serial port (see Figure 2, item 4) • Telnet via Ethernet • SSH via Ethernet • Web interface via Ethernet
Serial connection Parameters for the serial connection are: baud rate = 9600, 8N1, no ow control.
ExaLINK as a DHCP client By default, the ExaLINK is congured as a DHCP client which falls back to the static IP address (defaulted to 192.168.0.100) if the DHCP request times out after 60 seconds. The ExaLINK will send its serial number (displayed on the side of the ExaLINK) as the name in the DHCP request. For setups where this name is automatically passed to the DNS server, the ExaLINK can be resolved by this serial number. If you wish to specify a static IP address for the ExaLINK, refer to page 17.
Accessing the ExaLINK The ExaLINK is accessed using its IP address, or via the serial port on the front panel. You will be asked to enter the login user name and password. The user name is “admin” and cannot be changed, however the password can be changed. The default password is “admin”.
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In order to make changes to the conguration, such as redirecting one port to a set of other ports, the ExaLINK must be put into a special mode called the “privileged mode”. This is described on page 14 under Privileged mode. To change to privileged mode, you will need to enter the “privileged password” (which is blank by default).
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Command-line interface Connect via serial or via Ethernet using SSH or telnet. You will be prompted to enter the username (admin) and password. SSH keys are supported for public key authentication - refer to page 26 for more details. A full list of commands supported on the CLI is shown in Appendix A: Commands. Serial
SSH
Telnet
Figure 4: Command-line interface
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Web interface 1. Enter the IP address of the ExaLINK in the browser URL eld to display the login screen (Figure 5). The IP address is discussed on page 11 under ExaLINK as a DHCP client.
Figure 5: Web interface login screen
2. Enter the default username (“admin”) and default password (“admin”). You will be taken to the web interface. The main menu is at the top of the screen, next to the ExaLINK logo (see Figure 6).
Figure 6: Main menu of the web inter face
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The main menu of the web interface Ports – Main screen for conguring the operation of the device.
Settings – Allows viewing and setting other device parameters, eg IP ad dress, date/time and rmware updated. Cong Manager – Allows the device’s current operational state to be saved so it can be restored after a reboot or power cycle. Refer to Saving startup-cong on page 25. Hardware Status – Shows information about the current hardware status of the device, eg temperature & fan speed. Also shows statistics and graphs of historical data. Advanced – A web based command line interface. There is more information about this on page 31 under Appendix A: Commands.
Web browsers supported The following web browsers will allow you to experience the full functionality of the web interface: • Google Chrome • Safari • Mozilla Firefox • Opera • Internet Explorer 9 and above Internet Explorer 8 and below can be used, with reduced functionality.
Operating systems supported The ExaLINK does not require any software to be used on an external computer. Therefore, the ExaLINK is compatible with any device that can connect via SSH, telnet or http.
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Privileged mode The ExaLINK has two modes of operation: unprivileged for viewing, and privileged when you want to make changes to the system. The privileged mode requires the “privileged password”. The default for this password is blank (just press Enter).
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There are three ways for you to change to privileged mode: • In the web interface, click on the text on the right hand side of the main menu that says: Unprivileged (see Figure 6). This will open a eld allowing you to enter the privileged password. • In the web interface, go to the Advanced tab and run the “enable” command (see Appendix A: Commands).
• On the command line, run the “enable” command (see Appendix A: Commands).
SETTING UP THE EXALINK 1. Installing the hardware - Page 16
2. Conguring the IP address (optional) - Page 17
3. Changing default passwords (optional) - Page 18
4. Connecting the ExaLINK to the network - Page 18
5. Updating the rmware - Page 18
6. Port connectivity options Head Ofce:
- Page 21
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1. Installing the hardware To install the ExaLINK in a rack: 1. Before installation, review the section Safety and installation warnings on page 7. 2. Ensure that the installed fans and power supplies have airow directions matching the rest of the rack, and that there are no obstructions over the rear inlets/outlets. 3. Plug power cables into the ExaLINK and place the mains end in a convenient location. 4. Clip the supplied rack-mounting nuts into the rack (Figure 7).
Figure 7: Clip the rack-mounting nuts into the rack.
5. Slide the ExaLINK into the rack (Figure 8) and hold it level while you screw in the supplied bolts. You may need two people due to the weight of the ExaLINK. Alternatively, remove the power supplies while installing to reduce weight at the rear of the device.
Figure 8: Sliding the ExaLINK into a rack.
6. Plug your SFP+ modules into the ports of the ExaLINK (Figure 9).
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Figure 9: Plugging SFP+ modules into the ExaLINK
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2. Conguring the IP address (optional) By default, the ExaLINK is congured as a DHCP client which falls back to the static IP address (defaulted to 192.168.0.100) if the DHCP request times out after 60 seconds. If this behavior is not desired, the procedure for setting the static IP address is as follows: 1. Attach a serial console cable to the ExaLINK and to your PC. You should see the serial-mode command line. 2. Enter the user name (“admin”) and default password (“admin”). 3. Enter “enable ”, to enable “privileged mode”. The default password is blank (just press Enter). There is more information about the privileged password in the next section: Changing the default passwords (optional). 4. To assign an IP address of your choice, enter the command “ set management address static [netmask] [gateway] ”. Example: “set management address static 10.10.10.11 ”. You have now congured the ExaLINK IP address and can connect the device to the network, bypassing DHCP IP address allocation.
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3. Changing the default passwords (optional) There are two passwords that you may wish to change: a) Login password (default is “admin”). b) Privileged password (default is blank – just press Enter). To change these passwords: 1. On the command line, enter “enable ”. 2. When prompted for the privileged password, press Enter (the default). 3. To change the login password, enter the command “set password ” and follow the prompts. 4. To change the privileged password, enter the command “set enablepass ” and follow the prompts. 5. To make sure your new passwords are saved in the startup-cong le, enter the command “copy running-cong startup-cong ”. For more information about this, see page 25: Saving startup-cong. NOTE: The user name cannot be changed and is always “admin”.
4. Connecting the ExaLINK to the Network Insert a network cable into the Ethernet port on the front panel of the ExaLINK (see Figure 2, item 8).
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5. Updating the rmware The latest version of the rmware will have the latest bug xes and performance enhancements. To update the rmware: 1. If a newer version of the rmware is available, download the latest image from exablaze.com/support to either a server, USB ash drive or local computer. Be sure to download the correct le for your hardware revision. This can be found via “show version ” on the CLI or Firmware Information on the webpage. 2. Follow the steps below to install the rmware using either the command-line or web interface.
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Either: Command-line interface 1. Enter “enable ”. 2. If updating via USB ash drive, take the USB containing the update and plug it into the USB port of the ExaLINK (see Figure 2, item 9). Enter “ update usb ”, for example “update usb ExaLINK_r5000_0.4.0.tar ”. If updating via TFTP, enter “update tftp ”, where is the address of the TFTP server, and is the name of the le. 3. The ExaLINK will restart during the update process. The whole process should only take about 1 minute. Or . Web interface 1. Click: Unprivileged (see Figure 6). This will open a eld allowing you to enter the privileged password. The text should change to: Privileged. 2. Go to the Update Firmware tab, click Choose File (see Figure 10) and navigate to the tar le you downloaded. 3. Click Upload. The ExaLINK will restart during the update
Figure 10: Updating the rmware through the web interface.
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6. Port Naming and groups Ports can be given an alias and/or a description to keep track of where each port is connected to. Once an alias is dened for a port it can be referred to by its alias rather than port number, if desired. Groups of ports can also be dened, and operations can be conducted on the whole group.
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Command-line interface Refer to Appendix A for details on the “ set port alias ”, “set port description” and “set port group ” commands. Web Interface To add/edit an alias or description for a port: 1. Ensure you are in Privileged mode. 2. On the Ports page, select the port you wish to modify either by directly clicking the port on the front panel image, or by selecting it from the drop down list on the left hand side of the page. 3. Click the Port settings button. 4. A window will appear allowing you to enter an alias and description for that port. Note that port aliases may only contain alphanumeric characters and underscores, and may not start with a digit. Port aliases are also limited to 12 characters. 5. Click Apply changes. Hovering over the image of the front panel ports on the Ports page will show the port number and any alias that has been dened for that port. To add a group of ports: 1. Ensure you are in Privileged mode. 2. Click the Manage port groups button on the Ports page, and a window will appear. 3. Enter a name for this group of ports in the text box on the right hand side of the window, and click the Create group button. 4. Select the ports you wish to be part of this group by clicking the ports on the image of the front panel. You can deselect a port by clicking it again. 5. When you have nished selecting ports for this group, click the Save changes button.
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Editing and deleting port groups can be done in a similar manner.
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7. Port connectivity options The easiest way to think of the connectivity options supported is to consider that every port output (TX) can be driven from any single port input (RX). This allows arbitrary unidirectional and bidirectional connections between any set of two ports and enables you to replicate data (eg: for market data distribution or monitoring) from one port’s RX to multiple ports’ TX. A few examples are listed below to clarify further: Command-line interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst (via the “enable” command). 2. Enter “set port redirect ” to assign connections between ports. Example: “set port redirect 1 12-30,49 ”. This replicates data coming into port 1 and outputs that replicated data on ports 12-30 and 49. Example: “set port redirect 5 33; set port redirect 33 5” . These two commands create a bi-directional connection between port 5 and port 33. Example: “set port redirect 1 * ”. This replicates data on port 1 out to ALL 50 ports. Example: “set port redirect - 1 ”. This clears a redirection to port 1. Web interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst. 2. On the Ports screen, click the port you wish to use as an input source of data. 3. Click the Select destination ports button.
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4. A window will appear showing the front panel of the ExaLINK. Click the ports you wish the input data to be sent to. Alternatively, select the port from Select port dropdown box, and click the Add button. 5. If you wish to add a previously dened group of ports, select the group from the Select port group down box and click the Add button. 6. Removing ports is as simple as clicking the port number. Again, alternatively you can select the port (or group) from the respective dropdown box and clicking the Remove button. 7. Click the Apply changes button, and wait several seconds while the change is made.
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Figure 12: Setting destination ports
Figure 12 shows an example where port 1 is being redirected to ports 3-8. The green triangle in the top left of port 1 shows the input for this port is being used, and there is an SFP present. The green triangles in the bottom right of ports 3,4,6,7 and 8 indicate the outputs for these ports are dened, and that there is an SFP present. The red red triangle in the bottom of port 5 shows this port’s output is dened, however there is no SFP present. Note this is still a valid set of redirections, and the SFP can be inserted any time in the future.
Figure 13: Example Conguration
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Figure 13 shows an example setup containing a number of port redirections. • Port 1 is redirected to ports 3-8, and as described earlier ports 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8 have SFP’s, whilst port 5 doesn’t have an SFP inserted. • Port 3 is redirected to port 1 (ie there is now a bidirectional connection between ports 1 & 3). • Port 35 is redirected to 36, 37 and 38, all of which have SFP’s. Port 35 is currently selected, so information on it is shown in centre of the window. Note also the outputs ports for the currently selected input port are highlighted on the front panel display. • Port 37 is redirected to port 35, also creating a bidirectional link between 35 and 37.
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8. Port speed To optimize the signal quality of connections owing through the ExaLINK, the speed of each port should be set appropriately, ie either 10G ethernet or 1G ethernet. The default is 10G ethernet. Command-line interface 1. Enter “enable ” 2. Enter “set port speed ”, where is either “10000” or “1000”. Example: “set port speed 40-43 1000”. Web interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst. 2. On the Ports screen, select the port you wish to change the speed for. Click the Port settings button. 3. A window will appear with a number of settings elds. Under the Port speed drop down box, select either 10G Ethernet or 1G Ethernet. 4. Click Apply changes. 9. Port type To optimize the signal quality of connections owing through the ExaLINK, ports should be congured either as “normal” for optical ber and active copper/ twinax connections, or “passive” for passive copper/twinax connections. The default is “normal”. Command-line interface 1. Enter “enable ” 2. Enter “set port type ”, where is either “normal” or “passive”. Example: “set port type 3-6 passive”. Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
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Web interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst. 2. On the Ports screen, select the port you wish to change the port type for. Click the Port settings button. 3. A window will appear with a number of settings elds. Under the Port type drop down box, select either Normal or Passive. 4. Click Apply changes.
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10. Port status Command-line interface 1. The status of any port can be shown on the command line using the “show port” command. Example: “show port 1-10 ”: EXALNK1-C-001-00422# show port 1-10 Port
Speed
Type
Status
Qual.
Alias
Description
----
-----
--------
----------
------
--------
------------
1
10000
normal
connected
88
2
10000
normal
3
10000
passive
connected
83
4
10000
passive
connected
85
5
10000
passive
6
10000
passive
connected
90
7
10000
normal
connected
92
8
10000
normal
connected
98
9
10000
normal
10
10000
normal
As can be seen above, there are connections present on port 1,3,4,6-8. Ports 3-6 have been dened to be passive copper, and 1,7-8 are normal (either ber or active copper). The signal quality for the connected ports is also shown. Note that the signal quality reading is not available when a port is running at 1Gb. Web interface 1. On the Ports screen, click the port you wish to show the status for. The screen will update and show the port status information, as shown on Figure 13. A graphical representation of the received signal quality can be shown by running an “eye scan” of a port. Refer to Appendix C for more information.
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OTHER COMMON TASKS The following are instructions for doing a number of common tasks on the ExaLINK. For a listing of all commands available on the command-line interface, see Appendix A: Commands.
Changing the login password The default login password is “admin”. The user name cannot be changed and is always “admin”. Command-line interface 1. On the command line, enter “enable ”. 2. Enter “set password ” and follow the prompts. 3. Enter “copy running-cong startup-cong ”. This will save the new password in the startup-cong le (for more information about this is, see Saving startup-cong). Web interface To change the password using the web interface, click the “Logged in as: admin” text on the right hand side of the menu bar. A drop down menu will appear, allowing you to select Change Password. Ensure you saved the running-cong to startup-cong to save the new password (for more information about this is, see Saving startup-cong).
Changing the privileged password Command-line interface 1. On the command line, enter “enable ”. 2. Enter “set enablepass ” and follow the prompts.
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3. Enter “copy running-cong startup-cong ”. This will save the new password in the startup-cong le (for more information about this is, see Saving startup-cong). Web interface Click on the “Logged in as: admin” text on the right hand side of the menu bar. A drop down menu will appear, allowing you to select Change enable password. Ensure you saved the running-cong to startup-cong to save the new password (for more information about this is, see Saving startup-cong).
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Using SSH key based authentication The ExaLINK supports public key authentication for SSH connections. To use this authentication method, you will need to add your public key to the authorized_ keys le on the ExaLINK. Command-line interface You will need access to a remote tftp server to use this method. 1. On the command line, enter “enable ”. 2. Transfer the current authorized_keys on the ExaLINK to the remote server by entering: “tftp put authorized_keys authorized_keys ”. 3. Edit the authorized_keys le on the remote server and add your public key, which is typically found in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 4. Copy the updated authorized_keys back to the ExaLINK by entering: “tftp get authorized_keys authorized_keys ”. 5. You should now be able to ssh in to the ExaLINK as the admin user without having to enter a password. Web interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst. 2. On the Cong manager screen, click Manage les. 3. On the File manager screen, you will see the authorized_keys le. Download this le by clicking the download icon on the right hand side of the screen. 4. Edit the downloaded le and add your public key, which is typically found in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
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5. On the File manager screen, click the Upload le button. A window will appear allowing you to select the updated le. Once selected, Click the Upload le button. 6. You should now be able to SSH in to the ExaLINK as the admin user without having to enter a password.
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Checking the rmware version You can check that you have the most recent version of the rmware. Either: Command-line interface 1. Enter “show version ”. 2. Visit exablaze.com/support to check whether a newer version of the rmware is available for your hardware revision. Or: Web interface 1. Go to the Settings page and click Firmware information. 2. Visit exablaze.com/support to check whether a newer version of the rmware is available for your hardware revision.
Finding the ExaLINK IP address You can look up the IP address of your ExaLINK. Command-line interface Enter “show management address ”.
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Saving startup-cong The “startup-cong” le denes the conguration of the ExaLINK at initialization (startup). It contains a set of commands that are automatically run each time the ExaLINK starts up. If the ExaLINK loses power, it will be restored to this state. The “running-cong” le denes the current conguration of the ExaLINK. A desired conguration can be saved to the startup-cong le using the copy command (described under Appendix A: Commands). Note: Any changes made to the conguration of the device will not persist across power cycles unless the running-cong is copied to the startup-cong.
Command-line interface You can display the contents of the running-cong le and startup-cong le using the “show running-cong ” and “show startup-cong ” commands, allowing editing. • To show the conguration to be saved, enter “show running-cong ”. • To show the conguration currently saved, enter “show startup-cong ”. • To record the present conguration and run it at startup, enter “copy running-cong startup-cong ”. Be sure to preview it using “show” before you do this. Web interface On the Cong Manager page, click the Save to startup cong button.
Updating the rmware This is described on page 17: Updating the rmware.
Viewing/setting system time
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You can view and set ExaLink system time using either the command line or the web interface. The time can either be set manually or a daemon can be enabled to keep the system time in sync with a NTP server. Command-line interface Enter “show time ” to view the time. Refer to Appendix A for CLI commands for setting the time.
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Or: Web interface Go to the Settings page and click on Date and time.
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Viewing statistics You can view and set the parameters for a number of statistics about the ExaLINK. This can be done with either the command line or web interface. Command-line interface Set the time interval (in seconds) over which the statistics will be collected. At the command prompt, enter “ enable ”, then “set stat ”. Use the “stat” command to show statistics for: • fans • temperature • power supplies For details on the stat command, refer to the listing under Appendix A: Commands. You will need to specify: • The type of device (either “fans”, “power”, “power detail ”, “temperature” or blank for all devices). • The level of detail (blank for summary information, or “detail” for detailed infor mation). • The device number (device numbering starts with 1; * indicates all devices). • The number of statistics readings. Enter “stat ”. To clear saved statistics, enter “ enable” then “clearstat”. The commands “stat fans ”, “stat power ” and “stat temperature ” all work in a similar way, as shown in the examples below.
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Examples • “stat 7” will show the last 7 statistics readings for all devices. • “stat fans 2 7 ” will show the last 7 statistics readings for fan 2 (the four fans are numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4). • “stat fans * 7 ” will show the last 7 readings for all fans. • “stat power detail 1 ” will show detailed power supply statistics for power supply 1 (the two power supplies are numbered 1 and 2).
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Web interface On the Hardware status (Figure 14) page, Graphs gives you a graphical overview of the ExaLINK components. If your browser is Internet Explorer, the graph will only be displayed in Internet Explorer 9 and above. You can also go to the Advanced page (see Appendix A: Commands) and use the command line commands explained above. The statistics will also be displayed in graphical format.
Figure 14: The Statistics screen in the web interface.
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Swapping a power supply module The ExaLINK has two hot-swappable power supply modules (Emerson DS460S-3-002 or DS460S-3-003 depending on your airow direction). One of the power supply modules can be swapped while the other is operating, without cutting power to the ExaLINK. Emerson also produce a DC input variant of this power supply that is fully compatible – DS460SDC. Removing a power supply module 1. At the mains power, switch off the power to the module you wish to remove (the other module can remain powered). 2. Unplug the power cable from the power supply module you wish to remove. 3. Push the release lever, shown in Figure 15(a), while pulling on the handle of the power supply module. Fully remove the module.
a)
c)
b)
Figure 15: Removing one of the Emerson power supply modules.
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Installing a power supply module 1. Ensure the power cable is unplugged from the power supply module being installed. 2. Simply push the power supply module into position until the release lever clicks into place. The release lever is shown with an arrow in Figure 15(a). 3. Connect a mains power cable to the module and switch on the mains power.
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Swapping a fan module The ExaLINK has two hot-swappable fan modules. One of the fan modules can be swapped while the other is operating. Removing a fan module 1. As shown in Figure 16(a), unscrew the two screws of the fan module until they disengage. The ExaLINK can be powered and operating while doing this. 2. Pull out the fan module using the screws as handles, as in Figure 16(b). a)
b)
Figure 16: Removing one of the fan modules.
Installing a fan module 1. Simply push the power supply module into position. The ExaLINK can be powered and operating while doing this. Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
2. Tighten the screws with a screwdriver.
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Conguring SNMP The ExaLINK supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) up to version 2c. Two SNMP communities can be congured - a read-only and read-write community. The read-only community can only be used to query the conguration of the ExaLINK, whereas the read-write community can be used to both query and set the conguration of the ExaLINK. Some of the settings that can be queried and congured include port redirects, port speed and port status. A full list of the settings that can be queried and set using SNMP is available in the ExaLINK Management Information Base (MIB). The ExaLINK MIB can be obtained from the web interface by navigating to Settings page, clicking on SNMP and then clicking on “Download ExaLINK 50 MIB”. SNMP is disabled by default, but can be enabled and congured from the command-line and web interface. Note: SNMP version 2c sends community name strings in plain text format. When enabling SNMP on the ExaLINK, the community name should not be used for security purposes. Command-line interface 1. On the command line, enter “enable ”. 2. Enter “set snmp cong ”. The SNMP port number is most commonly set to 161 and the read-write community is optional. 3. To show the conguration that was set, enter “show snmp cong ”. 4. You should now be able to query and set (in the case of the read-write community) the conguration of the ExaLINK via SNMP. OR:
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Web interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst.
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2. On the Settings screen, click SNMP. 3. Enter the desired SNMP port number in the associated eld. 4. Enable the read-only and read-write SNMP communities as desired by selecting the associated check-box and providing community names for each.
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5. Click “Apply changes”. 6. You should now be able to query and set (in the case of the read-write community) the conguration of the ExaLINK via SNMP.
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TROUBLESHOOTING Problem
Solution
The “show log ” command indicates many errors are occurring (on startup or otherwise).
Run the “clear startup-cong ” command. This returns the ExaLINK to the factory default conguration.
Error: “Could not communicate with hardware. System timeout error.”
1. Run the “ show log ” command to see the latest errors. 2. Go to exablaze.com/support and send the support team a copy of the log, as well as the command that triggered the error.
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APPENDIX A: COMMANDS Commands can be sent to the ExaLINK using either the web interface or the command line interface. Both are described below. Web interface 1. On the ExaLINK main menu, click Advanced. Figure 17 shows the window that will appear. 2. A list of available commands based on the current privilege level can be displayed by clicking help. Type in the desired command into the Command text box and click Execute. The command will be executed and the output will be displayed in the top of the page. The commands available through Advanced operate in the same manner as those available through the command-line interface (see next section).
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Figure 17: Advanced window.
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Command-line interface The table below lists the commands that can be used in the commandline interface. We use the following conventions: • Angled brackets (e.g. ) indicates a parameter that must be entered. • Square brackets (e.g. [prompt] ) indicates an optional parameter. Many commands enable you to specify parameters without waiting to be prompted in a subsequent step. Multiple commands can be given on a single command line separated by a semi-colon, for example: enable; set port redirect 26 27; set port redirect 27 26; disable
Command
Description
clear
Clears the terminal window.
clear startup-cong
Clears the start clear startup-cong up-cong (see the “copy” command below). The ExaLINK resets to the factory default conguration..
clear stat
Clears all statistics.
copy running-cong startup-cong
Copies the contents of the running-cong le to the startup-cong le. You can view the contents of these les using “show running-cong ” or “show startup-cong ”.
copy startup-cong running-cong
Caution: this will immediately change the conguration of the ExaLINK. Copies the contents of the startup-cong le to the running-cong le. You can view the contents of these les using “show running-cong ” or “show startup-cong ”.
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disable
Exits privileged mode. Privileged mode must be enabled to make changes to software conguration of the ExaLINK.
enable
Activates privileged mode. Privileged mode must be enabled to be able to make changes to software conguration of the ExaLINK. Example: “enable” then follow prompts
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Command
Description
exit
Closes an active console port or telnet session.
les delete
Deletes user les saved on the ExaLINK. Specify a list of les to be deleted, separated by spaces. Example: “les delete in.png binary.bin ”
les list
Lists the user les that are saved on the ExaLINK.
help
Lists the top-level commands available in the current mode.
ping
Sends ICMP echo request packets to another node on the network. Specify the web address to ping. Example: “ping 10.10.10.2”
reset
Restarts the ExaLINK.
set enablepass
Sets the privileged password. Example: “set enablepass” then follow prompts.
set hostname
Set the hostname Example: “set hostname MYEXALINK”
set management address dhcp
Changes the management port IP address of the ExaLINK to a DHCP-allocated IP address
set management address dhcp renew
Renew DHCP lease for the local management IP address
set management address static [netmask] [gateway]
Changes the management port IP address to a static IP address. The IP address must be specied. To specify the optional gateway address a netmask must also be specied. Examples: “set management address static 192.168.0.100” “set management address static 192.168.0.100 255.255.255.240 192.168.0.5”
set password
Sets the login password. Example: “set password” then follow prompts.
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Command
Description
set port alias
Sets an alias for a port, which can then (optionally) be used to reference the port instead of its number. Max 12 characters. For example: “set port alias 25 md_input” “show port md_input”
set port disable
Sets a description for a port. For example: “set port description port 2 ‘Connection to backup server eth0’”
set port disable
Disables a port or set of ports. Specify the port(s), numbered 1 to 50. Example: “set port disable 10-20,24”, to disable ports 10 to 20 and port 24.
set port enable
Enables a port or set of ports. Examples: “set port enable 22,10-20,3-5,1”, to enable ports 1, 3 to 5, 10 to 20 and 22. “set port enable *”, to enable all ports.
set port group
Assigns one or more ports to a group. This group name can then be used for other commands. For example: “set port group md_listeners 5,6,7,8” “set port redirect 1 md_listeners”
set port redirect
Assigns a connection between ports. Examples: “set port redirect 2 7,12-49”, to replicate data coming into port 2 and output that replicated data on ports 7 and 12-49. “set port redirect 18 31; set port redirect 31 18”, to create a bi-directional connection between port 18 and port 31. “set port redirect - 35” to clear the redirection to port 35.
set stat
Sets the refresh interval for system statistics, in seconds. Example: “set stat 20”
set telnet disable
Disables remote telnet communications to the ExaLINK.
set telnet enable
Enables remote telnet communications to the ExaLINK.
set port speed
Sets the speed of a range of ports, where speed is either 1000 or 10000. Example: “set port speed 40-43 1000 ”
set port type
Sets the cable type of a range of ports, where type is either normal or passive. Normal is for ber and active copper/ twinax connections, and passive is for passive copper/ twinax connections. Example: “set port type 3-6 passive ”
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Command
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Description
set time
Sets the system time. For example: “set time ‘2013-09-03 09:21:00’”
set time ntp
Enables the NTP daemon to keep system time in sync with a NTP server. For example: “set time ntp pool.ntp.org”
set time ntp disable
Disables the NTP daemon
show hardware snapshot
Shows a snapshot of the operating state of the ExaLINK.
show hostname
Displays the current hostname.
show management address
Displays the current IP address of the ExaLINK.
show log
Displays the system error log.
show mac
Shows the MAC address of the ExaLINK.
show net stat
Shows network statistics.
show port
Shows ports alias, description, and whether ports are enabled or disabled. Specify the ports. For example: “show port 5-7”
show port details
Shows detailed information about the ports. Specify the ports. For example: “show port details 5-7”
show port group
Shows details about one or more port groups. For example: “show port group md_listeners” “show port group *”
show running-cong
Shows the system conguration that can be edited at present.
show serial
Shows the unique serial number for the ExaLINK.
show startup-cong
Shows the startup conguration le stored for the ExaLINK.
show time
Shows the current system time.
show version
Shows version information.
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Level 6, 76-80 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2000, Australia +61 2 8668 3008
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Command
Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 5, 443 Little Collins Street Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia +61 3 9111 1773
[email protected]
Description
stat
Shows statistics over time for fans, power supplies and temperature of the ExaLINK. Specify the number of readings. Example: “stat 15” displays the last 15 readings for all components (fans, power supplies etc).
stat fans
Shows statistics for fans over time. Either specify the fan number (numbered 1, 2, 3, 4), or * for all four fans. Specify the number of readings. Example: “stat fans 1 10” displays the last ten readings for fan 1.
stat power
Shows statistics for power supplies over time. Either specify the power supply number (1 or 2), or * for both power supplies. Specify the number of readings. Examples: “stat power 1 10” displays the last ten readings for power supply 1. “stat power * 10” displays the last ten readings for both power supplies.
stat power detail
Shows power supply details for power supplies. Either specify the power supply number (numbered 1, 2), or * for both power supplies. Example: “stat power detail 1” displays power supply details for power supply 1.
stat temperature
Shows statistics for the temperature sensors over time. Either specify the sensor number (numbered 1 to 6), or * for all. Example: “stat temperature 1 10” displays statistics for temperature sensor 1 over the last 10 readings.
tftp get
Copies a le from a remote TFTP server. Example: “tftp get /public/download.zip local_copy.zip 10.10.10.176”, copies a le called /public/download.zip from a TFTP server with IP address 10.10.10.176 and saves it locally as local_copy.zip.
tftp put Copies a le onto a remote TFTP server.
Example: “tftp put /public/download.zip local_copy.zip 10.10.10.176”, copies a le called local_copy.zip onto a TFTP server with IP address 10.10.10.176 and saves it there as /public/download.zip.
Engineering Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 6, 76-80 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2000, Australia +61 2 8668 3008
[email protected]
Copyright © 2014 Exablaze Pty Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
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www.exablaze.com
www.exablaze.com
Command update [tftp server IP]
Description Updates ExaLINK rmware from a le on a USB ash drive, or from a le located on a TFTP server. The update le can be downloaded from exablaze.com/support. Ensure you are loading on the correct le for your hardware revision, eg r4450 or r5000. Examples: “update usb ExaLINK_r5000_0.4.0.tar” attempts to update from a USB ash drive. “update tftp 10.10.10.9 ExaLINK_r5000_0.4.0.tar “ attempts to update from a le on the TFTP server 10.10.10.9.
Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 5, 443 Little Collins Street Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia +61 3 9111 1773
[email protected] Engineering Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 6, 76-80 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2000, Australia +61 2 8668 3008
[email protected]
Copyright © 2014 Exablaze Pty Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
41
www.exablaze.com
www.exablaze.com
APPENDIX B: SPECIFICATIONS Type Physical
Operating conditions
Connectivity
Specication Dimensions
19.0x14.2x1.8” (482x360x45mm)
Rack Mount
1RU
Temperature
32° to 104°F (0° to 40°C)
Voltage
100 - 240VAC 40-72V DC (if DC power supply module used)
Frequency
50 - 60Hz (for AC input)
Power consumption (Typical)
100W
Switch Ports
50 x 10GbE SFP+ modules (MSA compliant)
Management
1 x RS232 9600N8 1 serial
Value
1 x 10/100M Ethernet Timing
1 x PPS timing port
Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 5, 443 Little Collins Street Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia +61 3 9111 1773
[email protected] Engineering Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 6, 76-80 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2000, Australia +61 2 8668 3008
[email protected]
Copyright © 2014 Exablaze Pty Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
42
www.exablaze.com
www.exablaze.com
APPENDIX C: RECEIVED EYE SCAN The ExaLINK contains sophisticated electronics for optimizing the received signal quality of connections owing through it, allowing for robust network connections with low bit-error rates. To assist in debugging networking issues, the ExaLINK is able to display the “eye diagram” for the received signal on any port. Tektronics (www.tek.com) have a good application note explaining what an eye diagram is, which can be found at www.tek.com/dl/65W_26042_0_Letter.pdf Web interface 1. You must enter privileged mode rst. 2. On the Ports screen, click the port you wish to run the eye scan on. 3. Click the Eye scan button, and a window will appear. If you have recently run an eye scan on this port, the old eye scan will be displayed. To run a new eye scan, click the Run eye scan button. This will take approximately 10 seconds to run.
Head Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 5, 443 Little Collins Street Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia +61 3 9111 1773
[email protected]
Figure 18: An eye scan of 10G ethernet received over 2m OM3 ber using SR transceivers.
Engineering Ofce: EXABLAZE PTY LTD
Level 6, 76-80 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2000, Australia +61 2 8668 3008
[email protected]
Copyright © 2014 Exablaze Pty Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
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www.exablaze.com
