Evidencia Cuadro Comparativo Identificar La Potencia Activa Reactiva y Aparente

 

 

 Mj tg vg fmf fb mp rb rblf lf gzmk b =; Gf bltg bl tg ig j mr a cs jc lj bptc bp tc s h ísg jc s f b babjtrcomelbtgsoc, omtbrgmabs, bqugpcs y dbrrmogbltms pmrm am glstmamjgúl fb oíquglms baçjtrgjms baçjtrgjms r ctmtgvms, fb mjubrfc mjubrfc jc l ams l croms vge bltbs bltbs y prcjbfgogbltcs Gfbltgigj mr am pctbljgm mjtgvm, rbmjtgv rbmjtgv m y mpmrbltb mpmrbltb Am pctbljgm baçjtrgjm sb fbiglb jcoc am jmpmjgfmf qub tgblb ul bqugpc baçjtrgjc, pmrm rbmagzmr ul trmhmkc bl ulgfmf fb tgbopc. Zu ulgfmf fb obfgfm bs ba wmtt (U), sus oûatgpacs oís bopabmfcs scl ba ngacwmtt (nU) y ba obemwmtt (OU), ogbltrms ba suhoûatgpac jcrrbspclfb ma ogagwmtt (oU). Zgl bohmrec, bl acs bqugpcs qub iuljgclml jcl jcrrgbltb matbrlm y hmsmfcs bl ba babjtrcomelbtgsoc, jcoc acs octcrbs y acs trmlsicromfcrbs, jcbxgstbl trbs tgpcs fgibrbltbs fb pctbljgm qub scl;   Pctbljgm mjtgvm.

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  Pctbljgm rbmjtgvm.

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  Pctbljgm mpmrbltb. (Emrjïm, s.i.)

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Bs ouy gopcrtmltb gfbltgigjmr ams fgibrbljgms y jamsgigjmjgúl fb jmfm ulm fb bstms pctbljgms, pmrm bltblfbr júoc iuljgclm ba sgstbom baçjtrgjc> baçj trgjc> mfboís fb bstm jcljbpjgúl sb fbrgvml acs jclsuocs fb blbreïm baçjtrgjm, ams pçrfgfms, ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm, bltrb ctrcs. Pcr baac, tblgblfc bl jubltm ac mltbrgcr, bamhcrb ul jumfrc jcopmrmtgvc mtblfgblfc ams sgeugbltbs glstrujjgclbs; =. Jclsuatb ba omtbrgma fb icromjgúl ‑Omelbtgsoc, babjtrcomelbtgsoc y jcrrgbltb matbrlm‟, pbrtblbjgbltb m bstm mjtgvgfmf fb mprblfgzmkb. 8. Pcstbrgcrobltb, jcopabtb ba jumfrc jcopmrmtgvc qub sb prbsbltm m jcltglumjgúl, fbsjrghgblfc ams jmrmjtbrïstgjms, fgibrbljgms, sbobkmlzms y mpagjmjgclbs qub tgblbl jmfm ulm fb ams pctbljgms obljgclmfms bl fgjdc jumfrc;

Pctbljgm mjtgvm. 

Jumfrc Jumfrc Jmrmjtbrïstgj Jm rmjtbrïstgj ms Bs am blbreïm jclsuogfm y jclvbrtgfm bl trmhmkc ûtga, am juma fbhb sbr ouy jbrjmlm m am suoglgstrmfm pcr am iubltb. Zb

jcopmrmtgvc fb Zbobkmlzm Zbobkmlzms s Vrgíleuac fb pctbljgms qub icroml am pctbljgm mjtgvm, am pctbljgm rbmjtgvm y am pctbljgm mpmrbltb. Ba

pc tbljgms Fgibrbljgms Pctbljgm mjtgvm (P), qub bs am qub sb mprcvbjdm jcoc pctbljgm ûtga. Vmohgçl sb aamom pctbljgm

Mpa gjmjgc lbs Bl bstuims baçjtrgjms, jmabltmfcrbs fb meum, pamljdms, btj.

 

 

Pctbljgm rbmjtgvm. 

sgohcagzm jcl am íleuac qub sb abtrm U y am mprbjgm bltrb am ulgfmf bs ba pctbljgm Ymtgc; mpmrbltb y am mjtgvm sb ? fblcoglm ∛:∗∗∗jcsϒ  jcsblc fb "ig" c "imjtcr fb pctbljgm" y ac jrbm am pctbljgm rbmjtgvm. M omycr pctbljgm rbmjtgvm, omycr sbrí bsb íleuac y oblcs bigjgbltb sbrí ba bqugpc ma qub ab jcrrbspclfm bs ulm pmrtb fb am blbreïm qub bltrbem am iubltb y lc sb jclvgbrtb bl trmhmkc ûtga, pubs ba babjtrcfcoçstgj c y/c oíquglm pcr su iuljgclmogbltc pgbrfb fgjdm blbreïm. Zb sgohcagzm jcl am abtrm ] y am ulgfmf vcatgc mopbrgc rbmjtgvc (YMX). Bstm jamsb fb pctbljgm sb eblbrm bl bqugpcs, oíquglms y babobltcs qub tgblbl glfujtmljgms (hchglms) bl su iuljgclmogbltc jcoc; octcrbs,

obfgm, rbma c vbrfmfbrm y bs fbhgfm m acs fgspcsgtgvcs rbsgstgvcs. Zu ulgfmf fb obfgfm bl ba vmtgc (U).

 Muobltm am jmpmjgfmf fb ams aïlbms y trmlsicromfcr  bs glstmamfcs. Obkcrm am tblsgúl fb am rbf. Fgsogluybl ams pçrfgfms fb blbreïm bl acs jmhabs y fgsogluyb su jmabltmogbltc. Jclsgeub ulm rbfujjgúl bl ba jcstb eachma fb am blbreïm. Bvgtm pblmagzmjgclbs bl am imjturm baçjtrgjm

Octcrbs, eblbrmfcrbs y trmlsicromfcrb s.

 

 

eblbrmfcrbs y trmlsicromfcrbs . Lcromaobltb bl ams vgvgblfms ams jmrems y/c babjtrcfcoçstgj cs tgblbl ul jcopclbltb fb pctbljgm rbmjtgvm oïlgoc, pcr ac qub ba cpbrmfcr fb rbf lc am jchrm bl am imjturmjgúl, pbrc bl ba jmsc glfustrgma sg ba jcopclbltb fb pctbljgm rbmjtgvm supbrm ul aïogtb ma sbr jclsgfbrmfc pçrfgfm, sb bopgbzm m tmrgimr pcr pmrtb fba cpbrmfcr fb rbf y bs bl bstcs jmscs jumlfc sb dmham fb obkcrmr ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm, ba juma sb vbrí oís mfbamltb bl bstb prcermom icromjgúl. ?

fb

∛:∗∗∗sgl

ϒ 

Pctbljgm mpmrbltb. 

Ba vmacr qub rbprbsbltm am pctbljgm mpmrbltb c pctbljgm tctma (Z) fb ul jgrjugtc baçjtrgjc jcl jmrem rbmjtgvm sb chtgblb (fb

Am pctbljgm mpmrbltb bs am suom vbjtcrgma fb ams pctbljgms mjtgvm y rbmjtgvm, sbeûl sb oubstrm bl am sgeugbltb

mjubrfc jcl ba igeurm.

Bstm pctbljgm mpmrbltb (Z) lc bs rbmaobltb am "ûtga", smavc jumlfc ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm bs am ulgfmf (jcs

Zb ω?=), y sbýmam

Babobltcs rbsgstgvcs y hclglms y jclfblsmfcrbs .

 

 

tbcrbom fb Pgtíecrms pmrm ul trgíleuac rbjtíleuac) dmaamlfc am rmïz jumfrmfm fba rbsuatmfc fb suomr, maebhrmgjmobltb , acs vmacrbs fb am pctbljgm rbmjtgvm (]) y am mjtgvm (P), babvmfcs mohcs vmacrbs ma jumfrmfc. ]8 + P8 ?Z8 Ba vmacr fb am pctbljgm mpmrbltb sbrí geuma ma rbsuatmfc fb bxtrmbr am rmïz jumfrmfm fb Z8.

‑pctbljgm jcltrmtmfm‟

(am

qub jcltrmtmocs bl am boprbsm baçjtrgjm), bs am pctbljgm mjtgvm, qub fbhb jcgljgfgr c sbr Pctbljgm jcltrmtmfm.  supbrgcr m am suom tctma fb tcfm am jmrem bl ngacwmtt (nU) glstmamfm bl ulm jmsm, iíhrgjm, glfustrgm, boprbsm, btj.

rbprbsbltm pcr Z y sb ogfb bl vcatgmopbrgcs (YM). Pmrm ulm tblsgúl fmfm am pctbljgm mpmrbltb bs prcpcrjgclma m am gltblsgfmf qub jgrjuam pcr am glstmamjgúl baçjtrgjm.

qub am rbf fb magobltmjgúl fb ul jgrjugtc lc scac dm fb smtgsimjbr am blbreïm jclsuogfm pcr acs babobltcs rbsgstgvcs, sglc qub tmohgçl dm fb jcltmrsb jcl am qub vml m "maomjblmr" ams hchglms y jclfblsmfcrb s. Zb ogfb bl vcatgmopbrgcs (YM), mulqub pmrm maufgr m ermlfbs jmltgfmfbs fb pctbljgm mpmrbltb ac oís irbjubltb bs utgagzmr jcoc ulgfmf fb obfgfm ba ngacvcatgmopbrg c (nYM). nU) glstmamfm Pbrogtb fbtbjtmr ul bl ulm jmsm, iíhrgjm, oma glfustrgm, iuljgclmogblt c c mvbrïm fb am boprbsm, btj. hmtbrïm fb jclfblsmfcrb s, bvgtmlfc msï ams pblmagzmjgclbs pcr pmrtb fb am jcopmýïm baçjtrgjm.

 

 

‑pctbljgm fbomlfmfm‟ bs

Pctbljgm fbomlfmf m. 

Pbrogtb fbtbjtmr ul oma iuljgclmogblt c c mvbrïm fb am hmtbrïm fb jclfblsmfcrb s, bvgtmlfc msï ams pblmagzmjgclbs pcr pmrtb fb am jcopmýïm baçjtrgjm.

am qub rbmaobltb sb jclsuob, qub pubfb sbr oblcr, geuma c omycr qub am jcltrmtmfm. Lcromaobltb jumlfc am fbomlfm c blbreïm qub jclsuogocs furmltb ul obs supbrm m am blbreïm qub dbocs jcltrmtmfc prbvgmobltb bl am boprbsm baçjtrgjm, çstms pblmagzml ma usumrgc jcl ulm ouatm c ul jchrc supbrgcr ma jcstc fb acs ngacwmtt qub sb bstgpuaml bl ba jcltrmtc. Pcr tmltc, am pctbljgm fbomlfmfm lc fbhb supbrmr

luljm m am pctbljgm jcltrmtmfm. Zb fbiglb imjtcr fb pctbljgm, i.f.p., fb ul jgrjugtc fb jcrrgbltb matbrlm, Imjtcr fb jcoc am rbamjgúl pctbljgm.  bltrb am pctbljgm mjtgvm, P, y am pctbljgm mpmrbltb, Z.=Fm

Zb fbiglb jcoc am rmzúl qub bxgstb bltrb pctbljgm rbma (P) y pctbljgm mpmrbltb (Z), sgblfc am pctbljgm mpmrbltb ba prcfujtc fb acs

ulm obfgfm fb vmacrbs

(nU) glstmamfm bl ulm jmsm, iíhrgjm, glfustrgm, boprbsm, btj. Bs am qub rbmaobltb sb jclsuob, qub pubfb sbr oblcr, geuma c omycr qub am jcltrmtmfm

 

 

am jmpmjgfmf fb ulm jmrem fb mhscrhbr pctbljgm mjtgvm. Pcr bstm rmzúl, i.f.p ? = bl jmrems purmobltb rbsgstgvms> y bl babobltcs glfujtgvcs y jmpmjgtgvcs gfbmabs sgl rbsgstbljgm i.f.p ? 0.

bigjmjbs fb am tblsgúl y fb am jcrrgbltb.

Fclfb; P ? Pctbljgm rbma. Z ? Pctbljgm mpmrbltb. ] ? pctbljgm rbmjtgvm. Ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm luljm pubfb sbr omycr qub am ulgfmf, rbeuamrobltb csjgam bltrb 0.4 y 0.42. Bl am príjtgjm ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm sb bxprbsm, eblbrmaobltb, bl tmltc pcr jgbltc, sgblfc ba =00 % ba imjtcr oíxgoc fb pctbljgm pcsghab. Rl imjtcr fb pctbljgm hmkc bs ulm jmrmjtbrïstgjm fbsimvcrmhab fb jumaqugbr jmrem.

 

 

:. Jcl hmsb bl am glicromjgúl jcltblgfm bl ba jumfrc jcopmrmtgvc, mlmaïjbam y obljgclb acs oçtcfcs pmrm gfbltgigjmr prchaboms fb jclsuoc blbreçtgjc bl am glfustrgm. 6. Gljauym ams jcljausgclbs qub jclsgfbrb rbabvmltbs aubec fb rbmagzmr ba mlíagsgs m am glicromjgúl jcltblgfm bl ba jumfrc jcopmrmtgvc. Xtm; Am pctbljgm mjtgvm bs sglúlgoc fb trmhmkc rbmagzmfc pcr am blbreïm baçjtrgjm pmrm jclstgtugrsb bl ctrc tgpc fb blbreïm, am pctbljgm rbmjtgvm lbjbsmrgm pmrm maomjblmr am blbreïm baçjtrgjm jcoc jmopc omelçtgjc c jcoc jmopc baçjtrgjc sgl rbmagzmr ul trmhmkc ûtga. Am pctbljgm mpmrbltb sgelgigjm am fgspcsgjgúl fb blbreïm bl am jmrem.

2. Fbsjrghm jcl bkbopacs ams fgibrbljgms bl acs jcljbptcs fb ams pctbljgms qub sb bluobrml bl ba jumfrc. Xtm; Pbfrc bstí mrrmstrmlfc ulm pbsmfm jmrem (igeurm 8). Am pctbljgm fb trmhmkc fb Pbfrc (pctbljgm mjtgvm) qub sb rbmagzm bl ba sbltgfc fba mvmljb, mvmljb , y qub bs mfúlfb Pbfrc qugbrb trmsamfmram, rbprbsbltm acs nU. Fbsmicrtulmfmobltb, Pbfrc lc pubfb mrrmstrmr am jmrem fb ulm icrom pbribjtmobltb dcrgzcltma ma sbltgfc fba mvmljb, ac tgblb qub rbmagzmr scpcrtmlfc am jubrfm tgrc ul schrb sus dcohrcs, prcvcjm ul íleuac jcl am dcrgzcltma y pcr fb tmltc, pcjculc fb fb pctbljgm rbmjtgvm,acbsqub fbjgr nYMr. Am pctbljgm mpmrbltb qub Pbfrc bstí rbmagzmlfc nYM, pmrm mrrmstrmr mrrmst rmr am jmrem, bs bltcljbs am suom vbjtcrgma fb am pctbljgm mjtgvm y am pctbljgm rbmjtgvm.

Ba trgíleuac fb pctbljgm rbprbsbltmfc bl am igeurm :, gaustrm am rbamjgúl bxgstbltb bltrb acs trbs jcljbptcs nU, nYM, nYMr, ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm y sus jmrmjtbrïstgjms baçjtrgjms. baçjtrgjms .

 

 

Bl ul oulfc gfbma tblfrïmocs qub acs nYMr sbrïml ouy pbqubýcs (am bspuom sbrïm príjtgjmobltb glbxgstbltb) y pcr tmltc, am rbamjgúl pctbljgm mjtgvm pctbljgm mpmrbltb sbrïm príjtgjmobltb geuma (oms jbrvbzm, oblcs bspuom). Fb icrom sgogamr, bl ul oulfc gfbma, bl am jmrem qub mrrmstrm Pbfrc, acs nYMr sbrïml ouy pbqubýcs, acs nU y acs nYM sbrïml ouy sgogamrbs, pcr ac qub Pbfrc, lc tblfrïm qub fbsmprcvbjdmr bsiubrzc fbhgfc m am maturm fb su jubrpc, ba íleuac icromfc bltrb nU y nYM sb mprcxgomrïm m jbrc y sbrí oís bigjgbltb ba trmhmkc rbmagzmfc pmrm ba fbspamzmogbltc fb am jmrem. Am ocrmabkm qub pcfbocs bxtrmbr fb tcfc bstc bs qub pmrm fgspclbr fb ul sgstbom

‑bigjgbltb‟, fbhbocs fb rbfujgr am jmltgfmf fb pctbljgm ‑lc fgrbjtmobltb mprcvbjdmhab‟, bs fbjgr, lbjbsgtmocs imjtcrbs fb pctbljgm, bl ac pcsghab, ac oís jbrjmlcs m am ulgfmf.

9. Glfgqub am gopcrtmljgm fb obkcrmr ba imjtcr fb pctbljgm bl am glfustrgm. Xtm; Am gopcrtmljgm fba imjtcr fb pctbljgm bs qub bvgtm ba fbspbrfgjgc fb blbreïm bl ams glstmamjgclbs baçjtrgjms. Bstc sb acerm bagoglmlfc ba bibjtc fb ams jcrrgbltbs rbmjtgvms pcr ams glstmamjgclbs ams qub prcvcjml pçrfgfms fb blbreïm bl jclfujtcrbs baçjtrgjcs pcr jmacr y jmïfms fb tblsgúl.  tblsgúl.  5. Iglmaobltb, jcopgab ba fbsmrrcaac fb tcfcs acs pultcs glfgjmfcs bl ul fcjuobltc y blvïbac ma glstrujtcr m trmvçs fb am pamtmicrom vgrtuma fb mprblfgzmkb.  Mo hg bltb bl tb r bqubr bq ubr gf c;  Mohgbltb Ygrtuma Y grtuma fb Mprblfgzmkb. Omtbrgmabs;  jcoputmfcr, gltbrlbt, omtbrgma fb icromjgúl ‑Omelbtgsoc, babjtrcomelbtgsoc y jcrrgbltb baçjtrgjm‟, omtbrgmabs jcopabobltmrgcs,  eacsmrgc y

hghagctbjm ZBLM.

 

  Bvgfbljgm; Jumfrc jcopmrmtgvc ‑Gfbltgigjmr am pctbljgm mjtgvm, rbmjtgvm y mpmrbltb‟.  

Pmscs pmrm blvgmr bvgfbljgm; =. Jagj bl ba tïtuac fb am bvgfbljgm. 8. Jagj bl Bxmoglmr og bqugpc y husjmr ba mrjdgvc prbvgmobltb eumrfmfc. :. Fbkmr ul jcobltmrgc ma glstrujtcr (cpjgclma). 6.  Jagj

bl Blvgmr.  Xbibrbltb Xb ibrbltbs s hghagcer íigjcs

Emrjïm, K. M. (s.i.). Juíltcs tgpcs fb pctbljgms baçjtrgjms bxgstbl . Xbjupbrmfc fb dttp;//www.msgiuljgclm.jco/rbspubstms/rbspubstmS8/rbspubstmsS8.dto  

Jrgtbrgcs Jrgtb rgcs fb bvmaumjgúl bvmaumjgúl

Gfbltgigjm acs iblúoblcs babjtrcomelçtgjm.

fb

omelbtgsoc,

babjtrcomelbtgsoc

b

glfujjgúl