Etymological Dictionary of Latin

Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages By

Michiel de Vaan

BRILL

LEIDEN • B O S T O N 2008

uy LIIC unanciai support of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NYVO).

iSN: 1574-3586 iBN: 978 90 04 16797 1 opyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands, oninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, )C Publishers, Martinus NijhofF Publishers and VSP. 1 rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in etrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, lotocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. ithorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV nvided that the appropriate fees arc paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 2 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. es arc subject to change. INTED IN T H E NETHERLANDS

T A B L E OF C O N T E N T S

PREFACE

vii

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS A. Languages, texts and authors B. Reconstruction, grammar and text C. Symbols

ix ix xii xiii

INTRODUCTION 1. Aim of this dictionary 2. Definition of Italic 3. Research method 4. From Proto-Indo-European to Latin 4.1 Reconstructable stages 4.2 The phonology of Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Italic and Latin 5. The entries 5.1 Selection of entries 5.2 The entries 5.3 Dating 5.4 Derivatives 5.5 Proto-Italic 5.6 Italic cognates 5.7 Proto-Indo-European 5.8 Indo-European cognates 5.9 Etymology 5.10 Bibliography 6. Periodization of Latin

1 1 1 2 4 4 6 10 10 10 10 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 14

DICTIONARY

17

BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbreviations of literature Authors

693 693 694

INDICES

723