Etapas Del Proceso de Diseño Industrial

 

 

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DHJRFG HKDR_TZHEC EQEKVEDG  BTE^E_ DBC ^ZGOB_G DB  DH_BÕG HKDR_TZHEC

Rkhvbrshded Tbokgcÿ`hoe Db Uubrèterg

 

Fuårbz Db Cbÿk Fuek ^ejcg ^H-5>8 54/>8/:>:>

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Bc ecuikg dbtbrihkerå ces oereotbrésthoes db uk prgduotg bk aukohÿk db ces btepes dbc prgobsg db dhsbõg hkdustrhec pere bstejcbobr bc prgobsg db aejrhoeohÿk

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Ce pråothoe ogkshstb bk meobr uk rbpgrtb6 E.  Hkvbsth`er ces oereotbrésthoes dbc dhsbõg hkdustrhec y dhsbõg iboåkhog J.  Hkvbsth`er ces btepes dbc prgobsg db dhsbõg pere orber g igdhahoer uk prgduotg O.  Ogk ces btepes dbc prgobsg db dhsbõg hkvbsth`edes bk bc hkohsg ektbrhgr, bcb`hr uk prgduotg b hr rbceohgkekdg oede uke db bses btepes ogk bc prgduotg bcb`hdg, bxpchoekdg qub sb merée bk oede btepe ogk bc prgduotg Bc rbpgrtb dbjbrå ogktbkbr6 - ^grtede - Hktrgduoohÿk, - Dbserrgccg - Oubsthgkerhg - Aubktbs jhjchg`råahoes

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Hktrgduoohÿk Ektbs db hkhoher kbobshteigs sejbr qub bs bc dhsbõg hkdustrhec y bc dhsbõg iboåkhog, pgr uke pertb, bc dhsbõg hkdustrhec bs ce dhsohpchke qub sb bkoer`e db ce ogkobpohÿk y dbserrgccg db gjfbtgs y prgduotgs e sbr aejrhoedgs bk sbrhb, ogk uk ahk aukohgkec pere ces pbrsgkes. ^ere ce bcejgreohÿk db bstb prgduotg thbkb bk oubkte aeotgrbs y chihteohgkbs bogkÿihoes, aukohgkecbs, bstèthoes, ogibrohecbs. Hkvgcuore kuibrgses reies dbc ogkgohihbktg y sb trejefe ogk bquhpgs iucthdhsohpchkerhgs. iucthdhsohpchkerhgs. ^gr bc gtrg cedg bc dhsbõg iboåkhog bs ce eoohÿk db der ah`ure, teieõgs, bcbibktgs, tbokgcg`ée db prgduoohÿk y ogcgoer bk ierome uke iåquhke pere qub dbsbipbõb dbtbrihkedes aukohgkbs g rbqubrhihbktgs. Eotuecibktb bc dhsbõg iboåkhog bs iuy hipgrtektb ye qub bstå b stå vhkoucedg ogk ce orbethvhded y ce bvgcuohÿk tbokgcÿ`hoe.

Cgs qub trejefek bk bc dhsbõg

iboåkhog dbjbk ogkgobr jåshoeibktb cgs aukdeibktgs gpbrethvgs db ces iåquhkes y sus bcbibktgs pere dbspuès dbserrgccer iètgdgs iboåkhogs ogipbtbktbs pere rbechzer terbes qub pgshjhchtbk ogkstruhr, eogpcer y bxpbrhibkter bcbibktgs db ukhdedbs qub ogipbksbk dbtbrihkedes kbobshdedbs pbrsgkecbs y `rupecbs.

Rk hk`bkhbrg iboåkhog `bkbrecibktb eprbkdb e ogkvbrthrsb bk hk`bkhbrg g hkkgvedgr. Eprbkdbk oÿig aukohgke ouecquhbr ogse iboåkhoe, hktbktek bktbkdbr ogses ogig bstruotures, tbrigdhkåihoe, ohkbiåthoe, ohbkohe db ietbrhecbs y bcbotrhohded. bcb otrhohded. X dbpbkdhbkdg db uk hktbrès, pgdrée bkagoersb bk uk årbe obktrec g bk uke perbfe y prgaukdhzer bk bsgs tbies. Ihbktres qub uk dhsbõedgr hkdustrhec bs iås g ibkgs bk bc 8>% db cgs oesgs uk prgabshgkec db dhsbõg qub trejefe bk ce aejrhoeohÿk dbc prgduotg db ce hkdustrhe g bc dhsbõg db ce hkdustrhe g bc dhsbõg db trejefg bk bc qub bståk trejefekdg, g bk ec`ukgs oesgs gpthihzåkdgcg pere uk prgobsg g prgduotg eök ibfgr. Bs uk `rupg iås bkagoedg bk ogipereohÿk ogk uk hk`bkhbrg iboåkhog iuomg iås eipchg. Bc dhsbõg hkdustrhec bs uke dhsohpchke qub jusoe rbsgcvbr gjfbtgs trhdhibkshgkecbs, prgduohdgs hktbreothveibktb y eabote hktréksboe e bc mgijrb e dhabrbkohe bc iboåkhog cgs gjfbtgs iboåkhogs kg eabotek hktréksboeibktb ec mgijrb y kg kbobshtek sbr oÿigdgs.

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Dbserrgccg Oereotbrésthoes dbc dhsbõg hkdustrhec y dhsbõg iboåkhog Dhsbõg hkdustrhec  

  _ethsaeob ces kbobshdedbs db ce ogcbothvhded sgohec ibdhektb prgduotgs dbserrgccedgs (ehscedgs g- shstbies db prgduotgs) bk hktbreoohÿk dhrbote ogk cgs usuerhgs. g  Eothvhded hkkgvedgre bk bc åijhtg db ces dhsohpchkes qub ogksthtuybk bc `rek oeipg db ce prgyboohÿk eijhbktec. g  Eothvhded qub trete ektb tgdg db hkorbibkter bc vecgr db usg db cgs prgduotgs (aukohÿk dbc prgduotg y uthchzeohÿk pgr pertb dbc usuerhg). g  Eothvhded qub dbtbrihke ces prgphbdedbs agriecbs (bstèthoes, bstruoturecbs y aukohgkecbs) db cgs prgduotgs. g  Eothvhded qub prbtbkdb sbr uke hkstekohe orhthoe bk ce bstruotureohÿk dbc iukdg db cgs gjfbtgs. g  Eothvhded qub prbtbkdb sbr uk hkstruibktg pere bc hkorbibktg db ce prgduothvhded g pere bc agibktg db kubves hkdustrhes. g  Eothvhded oggrdhkedgre dbc dbserrgccg y pcekhahoeohÿk db prgduotgs. g  ^rgobdhihbktg pere hkorbibkter bc vgcuibk db ces bxpgrteohgkbs. g

Dhsbõg iboåkhog   Iucthdhsohpchker, bs dbohr, sb bipcbek tèokhoes dhabrbktbs.

g

  Ogcejgrethvg, bs dbohr, cg rbechzek dhsthktgs bquhpgs db trejefg.   Htbrethvg, bs dbohr, sb bcejgre db agrie rbourrbktb. Meste ecoekzer ce sgcuohÿk hdbec.   g 

g

g

Btepes dbc prgobsg db dhsbõg pere orber g igdhahoer uk prgduotg 5.  _ur`hihbktg db uke hdbe _ur`b uke hdbe aeothjcb y pere dbserrgccerce bs kbobserhg meobrsb verhes prb`uktes eobroe dbc què, oÿig, pgr què, pere quhèk, dÿkdb y ouåkdg dbc prgybotg orbethvg. :.  Jgobtefb Dbspuès db bstejcbobr cgs ogkobptgs y cgs pgrquès db uk dhsbõg sh`ub uk prgobsg db ejstreoohÿk bk bc qub sb jgsqubfek y dbserrgccek ces agries y cgs bcbibktgs qub ogkagriek e ce phbze orbethve.

?.  Hktb`reohÿk y prubjes

Eperhbkohe y aukohgkechded sb hktb`rek pere dercb uke agrie fusthahoejcb ec dhsbõg. Bk bste btepe teijhèk sb rbechzek ces prubjes pbrthkbktbs db usg y db hie`bk pere sejbr sh me qubdedg jhbk bc prgduotg qub sb dbserrgccÿ. 4.  ^ujchoeohÿk

Bk bste btepe bc gjfbtg db dhsbõg sb pgkb ec ecoekob dbc ogksuihdgr y sb p prubjek rubjek sus ecoekobs, sus khvbcbs db vbkte y bc b c bspbredg èxhtg qub pudhbre ecoekzer. 2.  Ogksgchdeohÿk

_h bc prgduotg edquhbrb ce ouechded db hktb`rersb e ce vhde dbc ogksuihdgr, bc èxhtg bstå ogksuiedg. E perthr db bstb igibktg bc prgduotg pubdb ccb`er e igdhahoer måjhtgs g hkacubkoher ogkduotes. ^brg kg mey qub pbrdbr db vhste bc prgduotg, kg tb gcvhdbs qub q ub ce ogipbtbkohe shbiprb ve e hkkgver y cgs prgduotgs sb pubdbk rbkgver shbiprb.

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Bcb`hr uk prgduotg b hr rbceohgkekdg oede uke db bses btepes ogk bc prgduotg bcb`hdg, bxpchoekdg qub sb merée bk oede btepe ogk bc prgduotg ^rgduotg Bc prgduotg qub bsog`é bs BoogIetthe sb trete db cåphobs orbedgs e jesb db oerjÿk y juõh`e db veoe Bc prgduotg sb dbserrgcce ogk ce bcejgreohÿk db cåphobs rbohocedgs ogk ietbrhecbs qub sb bkoubktrek obroe db ce rb`hÿk dgkdb vhvhigs, uk tektg dhabrbktbs e cg eogstuijredg dåkdgcbs uk usg pråothog y sbkohccg, cg qub pbrihthrå ccb`er e kubstrg gjfbthvg prhkohpec, qub cgs cåphobs tbk`ek uk ibkgr ogstg bk bc ibroedg, esé ihsig sb rbduohrå bc hipeotg ibdhg eijhbktec, qub bstgs `bkbrek, y sb pgdrå ogktrhjuhr ogk bc agrtecbohihbktg dbc pcekbte, ibdhektb bxpbrhibktgs ogk pepbc y dbsbomgs db ekhiecbs, bs hipgrtektb ibkohgker qub sb pgdrå hr dhsihkuybkdg bc usg db cåphobs e jesb db iedbre y pcåsthog bvhtekdg esé iås dbagrbsteohÿk, ye qub ogig sejbigs cgs årjgcbs shrvbk db ietbrhe prhie pere cgs cåphobs _b thbkb qub eocerer qub bstb bs uk prgduotg db kubstre eutgrée qub fuktg e : ogipeõbres sb orbÿ bc ouetrhibstrb pesedg bk ce ietbrhe db hktb`redgre.

Btepes 5.  _ur`hihbktg db uke hdbe

Ce hdbe sur`hÿ pere ogk bc prgpÿshtg db ogipcbter bc prgybotg ogk ce ietbrhe y ogk eyude db prb`ustes ogig ·Uuè bs cg qub iås sb use bk ce Rkhvbrshded7 Bs ogig ccb`eigs e ce hdbe db meobr uk cåphz ukg qub tbk`e uk ibkgr prbohg hktbktekdg der ce ihsie oechded :.  Jgobtefb

Ogig tgdg cåphz bc kubstrg tbkdrée ce ihsie agrie qub tgdgs cgs dbiås uk cåphz rbdgkdg ogk uke ecture db 58.>Oi db cer`g y >.0Oi db ekomg, ce `gie db 5.>Oi ogk uke ohkte qub oujre >.2Oi db ce `gie y >.2Oi dbc cåphz ?.  Hktb`reohÿk y prubjes

Ec meobr ces prubjes tgdg sechÿ ogig cg bspbreigs bc ökhog dbteccb aub dercb ce agrie rbdgkde pgr qub kgs qubdeje jestektb dhsperbfg bc ietbrhec aub rbshstbktb y ogk ce oechded qub bspbråjeigs, ce pukte kg sb qubjreje y ce `gie, eukqub sb `esteje iuy råphdg sh jgrreje hkocusg ibfgr db cg qub q ub bspbreigs

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^H-5>8 4.  ^ujchoeohÿk

Kg sb pujchoÿ ec pujchog bk `bkbrec pbrg sb dhg e ogkgobr e pbrsgkes ogk rbceohgkbs obroekes y e ce iebstre pere su bvecueohÿk db bc prgybotg, bk ce `bktb e quhbk sb prbsbktÿ cbs `ustÿ y sb rb`ecergk ukgs ouektgs pere usg pbrsgkec, kg mbigs rbohjhdg khk`uke oréthoe db ces pbrsgkes ogig db ce iebstre, bc ökhog ogksbfg qub sb kgs dhg aub jusoer ce iekbre db pgkbrcbs ibfgr dhsbõg pubstg qub sgcg brek db ogcgr oeaè, aubre db bsb ogksbfg tgdg sechÿ ogig cg bspbreigs 2.  Ogksgchdeohÿk

Ogig ye sb ibkohgkÿ kukoe ku koe sb cekzÿ ec pöjchog `bkbrec iås qub e ukgs ogkgohdgs bc prgybotg sb quhbrb rbtgier bk ec`ök auturg obroekg, pbrg pgr bc igibktg bstå bk uk petg tgtec pgr gtrg cedg, uke iebstre e quhbk sb cb rb`ecÿ ukg db bstgs cåphobs kgs garbohÿ ce gpgrtukhded db vbkdbrcb e bcce y bcce vbkdbrcgs bk ce prbperetgrhe bk ce qub bcce cejgre

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Oubsthgkerhg ^råothoe 5 Dhsbõg br`gkgiée y bstèthoe bk bc dbserrgccg db cgs prgybotgs ❑ 

·Uuè bs ce br`gkgiée7  

Ce br`gkgiée bs bc ogkfuktg db ogkgohihbktgs ohbktéahogs dbsthkedgs e ibfgrer bc trejefg, y sus shstbies, prgduotgs y eijhbktbs pere qub sb edeptbk e ces oepeohdedbs yBr`gkgiée. chihteohgkbsEdbiås, aéshoes y bc ibktecbs ce pbrsgke, sb`ök cebsEsgoheohÿk Hktbrkeohgkec db gjfbthvgdbdb bste dhsohpchke edepter bc trejefg e ces prhkohpecbs kbobshdedbs dbc bipcbedg y aeohchter bc ekåchshs db ces ogkdhohgkbs cejgrecbs, esé ogig ces pgshjcbs cbshgkbs qub ces pgstures, cgs igvhihbktgs y ces aubrzes pubdbk goeshgker ❑ 

·Uuè bs ce bstèthoe bk uk prgduotg7

Ce bstèthoe bk bc dhsbõg db prgduotgs meob rbabrbkohe e ce rbspubste g rbeoohÿk db ces pbrsgkes ogk uk gjfbtg, ertbaeotg g shstbie, dhome rbspubste sb iekhahbste e trevès db cgs sbkthdgs6 vhshÿk, teotg, gédg, `ustg y gcaetg. Oede ukg ogktrhjuyb e ce pbrobpohÿk dbc prgduotg ogkshdbrekdg sh bs e`redejcb, pceobktbrg, g sh bvgoe etreoohÿk bk ces pbrsgkes. Qerbce y Ogcb`es (5885) er`uibktek qub ce ibktb bs bc sbxtg ÿr`ekg dbc oubrpg muiekg y, pgr cg tektg, cgs pbkseihbktgs sgk pbrohjhdgs ogk ce ibktb db h`uec iekbre qub pbrohjhigs cg vhshjcb ogk cgs gfgs. ❑ 

·Uuè bs dhsbõg db uk prgduotg7

Bc dhsbõg db prgduotg bs bc prgobsg db orber kubvgs prgduotgs qub sbråk vbkdhdgs pgr uke biprbse pere ogksuig db gtres pbrsgkes. Cgs dhsbõedgrbs db prgduotgs dbjbk supbrvhser bc prgduotg dbsdb bc pesedg meohe bc auturg, bktbkdhbkdg teijhèk cgs gjfbthvgs dbc kb`gohg, usejhchded y gtres oubsthgkbs db prgduoohÿk edbiås dbc dhsbõg vhsuec, Bc dhsbõedgr db prgduotg dbjb hr iås eccå db ce prb`ukte ·oÿig sb vbrå bc prgduotg7 b hdbkthahoer cgs prgjcbies y kbobshdedbs db ces pbrsgkes qub useråk bc prgduotg (usuerhgs) y jusoer rbspubstes e ces prb`uktes ·pgr què vecb ce pbke rbsgcvbr bstb prgjcbie7 y ·oÿig sb pubdb rbsgcvbr bc prgjcbie7 ❑ 

^rgobsgs (^DOE) y ces 0 btepes db dhsbõg db oede uke.

Bc kgijrb dbc Ohocg ^DOE (g Ohocg ^MQE) vhbkb db ces sh`ces ^cekhahoer, Meobr, Qbrhahoer y Eotuer, bk hk`cès –^cek, Dg, Ombol, Eot’. Teijhèk bs ogkgohdg ogig Ohocg db ibfgre

ogkthkue g Oéroucg db Dbihk`, pgr sbr Bdwerds Dbihk` su eutgr. Bste ibtgdgcg`ée dbsorhjb cgs ouetrg pesgs bsbkohecbs qub sb dbjbk ccbver e oejg db agrie shstbiåthoe pere cg`rer ce ibfgre ogkthkue, bktbkdhbkdg ogig tec ec ibfgreihbktg ogkthkuedg db ce oechded 5.  ^cekhahoer (^cek)6 _b jusoek ces eothvhdedbs susobpthjcbs db ibfgre y sb bstejcbobk cgs gjfbthvgs e ecoekzer. :.  Meobr (Dg)6 _b rbechzek cgs oeijhgs pere hipcekter ce ibfgre prgpubste ?.  Ogktrgcer g Qbrhahoer (Ombol)6 Rke vbz hipcektede ce ibfgre, sb dbfe uk u k pbrhgdg db prubje pere vbrhahoer su ogrrbotg aukohgkeihbktg. 4.  Eotuer (Eot)6 ^gr öcthig, uke vbz ahkechzedg bc pbrhgdg db prubje sb dbjbk bstudher cgs rbsuctedgs y ogiperercgs ogk bc aukohgkeihbktg db ces eothvhdedbs ektbs db mejbr shdg hipcektede ce ibfgre. Kgte6 Kg bkogktrè ces 0 btepes db oede uke pgr cg qub gptè pgr bxpchoer ces 4 Kgte6 Kg

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Jhjchg`reaées Hktrgduoohÿk ❑ 

·Uuè bs bc dhsbõg hkdustrhec7 ·Uuè meob uk dhsbõedgr hkdustrhec7 (:>58, ? fukhg). Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db  db mttps6//www.vhebdu.ogi.er/kgtes/qub-bsdhsbkg-hkdustrhec   dhsbkg-hkdustrhec

❑ 

Vepete, C. (:>5=, 5 kgvhbijrb). Dhsbõg iboåkhog (Hk`. Iboåkhoe). Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db mttps6//www.dbahkhohgk.xyz/:>5=/>1/dhsbkg-iboekhog-hk`iboekhoe.mtic   iboekhoe.mtic

❑ 

Ekÿkhig (:>:>j). ·Ouåc bs ce dhabrbkohe bktrb uk hk`bkhbrg iboåkhog y uk dhsbõedgr hkdustrhec7 Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db mttps6//prbsieryibtmubk.gr`/bs/dhothgkery/wmet-hs-tmb-dhaabrbkob-jbtwbbk-eibomekhoec-bk`hkbbr-ekd-ek-hkdustrhec-dbsh`kbr/   ibomekhoec-bk`hkbbr-ekd-ek-hkdustrhec-dbsh`kbr/

Dbserrgccg ❑ 

Vepete, C. (:>5=j, kgvhbijrb 5). Dhsbõg iboåkhog (Hk`. Iboåkhoe). Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db mttps6//www.dbahkhohgk.xyz/:>5=/>1/dhsbkg-iboekhog-hk`iboekhoe.mtic   iboekhoe.mtic

❑ 

@BZEZDG ZGDZH@RBV, I. @. B. (:>54). ORZ_G JE_HOG REI-E @@ (Chtgertb, _.E. db O.Q bd., Qgc. ?). Ièxhog, Ièxhog6 Bdhohgkbs @. @hch, _.E. db O.Q.

❑ 

Duråk, E. Z. (:>52, : dhohbijrb). 2 btepes db tgdg prgobsg db dhsbõg. Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db  db  mttps6//www.perbdrg.ogi/2-btepes-db-tgdg-prgobsg-dbdhsbkg//  dhsbkg

Oubsthgkerhg  ❑ 

Fhibkg Jbrkec, F. (:>5?, :? e`gstg). Ohocg ^DOE (^cekhahoer, Meobr, Qbrhahoer y Eotuer)6 Bc oéroucg db Dbihk` db ibfgre ogkthkue6 ^DOE Mgib. Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db  db mttps6//www.pdoemgib.ogi/2:>:/ohocg-pdoe/  mttps6//www.pdoemgib.ogi/2:>:/ohocg-pdoe/ 

❑ 

Ek`ucg _., I. (:>58, 51 ejrhc). Dhsbõg db ^rgduotg vs Dhsbõg db _brvhohgs - Tbssbreot _peob. Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db mttps6//www.tbssbreotspeob.ogi/jcg`/dhsbkg-db-prgduotg-vs-dhsbkg-db-sbrvhohgs/  mttps6//www.tbssbreotspeob.ogi/jcg`/dhsbkg-db-prgduotg-vs-dhsbkg-db-sbrvhohgs/ 

❑ 

AukohÏ?k BstÏ©thoe bk cgs prgduotgs. (:>5>, 54 kgvhbijrb). Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db  db mttps6//iggcdbsh`k.jcg`spgt.ogi/:>5>/55/aukohgk-bstbthoebk-cgsprgduotgs.mtic#6%0B6tbxt9Ce%:>bst%O?%E8thoe%:>bk%:>bc%:>dhsb%O?%J5g,%: O%:>g%O?%EDdg%:O%:>`ustg%:>y%:>gcaetg..  O%:>g%O?%EDdg%:O%:>`ustg%:>y%:>gcaetg

❑ 

Ouédetb^cus, Z. (:>5=, ? e`gstg). ·Uuè bs ce br`gkgiée y oÿig eabote e ce secud y ec rbkdhihbktg cejgrec7 Zboupbredg 54 db sbpthbijrb db :>:>, db mttps6//ouhdetbpcus.ieroe.ogi/secud-cejgrec/:>50/5>/52/-br`gkgihe-eabote-secudrbkdhihbktg-cejgrec-542=51.mtic   rbkdhihbktg-cejgrec-542=51.mtic

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