Estructuras Cristalinas de Materiales No Metalicos

 

YLDBN@ YLDBN @ ÔJEDN ÔJEDN BO BODENB DENBO O @ IL AÅSEDN AÅSEDN Ebst bstetu etutn tn Yl Yldbn dbn`ôj `ôjedn edn Tuplrenr il D Dnotz notzo odno`dns   Lblrn  — F  Fub uben en/; /;7; 7;7 7 [nan

Bnakrl il` il` O`uab n

Koutesto

Opl``ein Wotlrbn 

Liuorin Liuorin   Bnakrl(s) 

Opl``ein Aotlrbn

 O TEJBOY\[O66  OTEJBOY\[O Ebj. Aotlre otlreo o`ls bn altï`edn altï`e dns s Bnakrl il` Indlbtl

Tl Tlrrobn rrobn

To To`ebos `ebos

Opl``ein Wotlrbn 

 

DO[[L[O6 Ebj. Aldïbedo

O`hr O`hrlin lin Opn Opn`nbe `nbe n

Opl``ein Aotlrbn 

 

 

Tlalstrl6 Tljubin Jrupn6 ;O 

Bnakrl(s) 

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

EBY[NI\DDEÔB

Dnaprlbilr `os prnpelioils osndeoios dnb `os ievlrsos d`osls il aotlreo`ls. soklr pnr quå lxestlb to`ls prnpelioils y dôan sl pulilb o`tlror poro qul ub aotlreo` slo aïs oilduoin poro ubo op`edodeôb iltlraeboio slr dopoz il alier `os prnpelioils eapnrtobtls il `ns aotlreo`ls y dôan eapodtorïb l` ilslaplÿn.

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

Lstrudturos d resto`ebos prlslbtoio prlslbtoioss lb aotl aotlreo`l reo`lss b n altï altï`edns `edns •

  Lstrudturos dresto`ebos lb pn`áalrns

@ns pn`áalrns snb aotlreo`ls hnraoins pnr an`ådu`os auy `orjos.

Lsqulao il ubo an`ådu`o il pn`elte`lbn @ns ïtnans qul hnraob `o an`ådu`o lstïb ubeins lbtrl sá pnr lb`odls dnvo`lbtls. Lstns lb`odls snb ierlddenbo`ls `n qul codl qul `o aoynráo il an`ådu`os telbiob o slr rezoios.

@ns lb`odls ierlddenbo`ls codlb qul `o an`ådu`o bn slo rldto, sebn qul telbio o rezorsl

L` aotlreo` pn`áalrn lstï hnraoin pnr ubo jrob dobteioi il an`ådu`os il `nbjetui iehlrlbtl ‐lbrlioios‑ lbtrl sá. 

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

@os an`ådu`os sl lbrliob iïbin`l dnclseôb o` aotlreo` @o dnclseôb y rlsestlbdeo il` aotlreo` ilplbilb il qul tob ‐lbrlioios‑ lståb sus an`ådu`os.

Jlblro`albtl lbtrl aïs `orjos snb `os an`ådu`os, alfnr sl lbrliob y l` aotlreo` pnsll aoynr rlsestlbdeo. Te `os an`ådu`os snb dnrtos, bn pulilb lbrliorsl kelb y l` aotlreo` sl ilhnrao dnb hode`eioi. Ilkein o qul `os an`ådu`os bnrao`albtl lstïb ‐lbrlioios‑, ls auy i eháde` qul `ns aotlreo` aotlreo`ls ls

pn`áalrns hnralb lstrudturos dresto`ebos. @o aoynráo il pn`áalrns snb oanrhns n o `n suan slaedresteobns. Lstrudturo il `ns dlrïaedns   Lb`odl otôaedn6 pordeo` n tnto`albtl eôbedn   Enbls altï`edns6 dotenbls (dlilb sus l`ldtrnbls, +), obenbls (odlptob ll`ldtrnbls, `ldtrnbls, - ).   Lstrudturos dresto`ebos, dnapulstos il ins n aïs l`lalbtn l`lalbtns. s.   @o lstrudturo lstï iltlraeboio pnr6 l` vo`nr il `o dorjo l`ådtredo il `ns enbls (l` dresto` ilkl slr l`ådtredoalbtl blutrn) y `ns toaoÿns rl`otevns il `ns dotenbls y obenbls •

•

•

•

(böalrn il dnnriebodeôb). Lstrudturo dresto`ebo tepn SU (S6 doteôb, U6 obeôb)   Ejuo` böalrn il dotenbls y obenbls. Lflap`ns6 d`nrurn il snien (BoD`), d`nrurn il dlsen (DsD`), k`lbio (VbT), ltd. •

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

Lstrudturo dresto`ebo tepn SaU SaUp p   Böalrn il dotenbls iestebtn il` böalrn il obenbls   a y p snb iehlrlbtls il ?.   Lflap`ns6 h`unreto (DoH;), \N;, YcN;, ltd. •

•

•

Lstrudturo dresto`ebo tepn SaV SaVbU bU p   Ins tepns il dotenbls (S y V) y ub obeôb (U)   Lflap`ns6 plrnusmeto (KoYeN4), TrVrN4, TrTbN4, lspebl`o (AjO`;N9, HlO`;N9). •

•

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

Dlrïaedos Dl rïaedos hnraoios pnr se`edotns   Te`edotns6 aotlreo`ls dnapulstns hnraoins prebdepo`a prebdepo`albtl lbtl pnr se`eden se`ede n nxájlbn (aoyn (aoynráo ráo il sul`ns, rndos, orde``os y orlbos)   Lb vlz il dnakebodeôb il dl`ios ubetoreos, sl uso dnakebodeô dnakebodeôbb il tltrolirns TeN99-. •

•

Te`edotns aïs aïs dnap` lfns   \bn, ins n trls il `ns ïtnans il nxájlbn il` tltrolirn snb dnaporteins pnr ntrns tltrolirns.   Lflap`ns6 TeN99-, Te;N:8- , Te4N58-, ltd.   Dotenbls, dnan Do;+, Aj;+ y O`4+, dnaplbsob `os dorjos bljotevos il `ns tltrolirns TeN99- il aoblro qul o`dobdlb `o blutro`eioi y servlb il lb`odl eôbedn lbtrl `ns tltrolirns TeN99-. •

•

•

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

Xeirens il sá`edl   Tô`ein bn bn dresto`eb dresto`ebn, n, dnb ub o`tn jroin il iestrekude iestrekudeôb ôb o` ozor.   Xeirens ebnrjïbedns dnaubls (rldepelbtls, vlbtobos, ltd.)6 veirens il sá`edl aïs ôxeins (DoN y Bo;N). @ns dotenbls (Bo, Do) lb`ozob `ns tltrolirns, iobin hnrao o ubo lstrudturo vátrlo, aïs prnkok`l qul ubo dresto`ebo. •

•

Dorknbn   Lxestl lb voreos hnraos pn`eaôrhedos y lb lstoin oanrhn. •

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

  Dorknbde``n6 oanrhn   Jrohetn6 dnapulsto pnr dopos, `ns ïtnans il D il doio dopo ubeins dnb lb`odls dnvo`lbtls, y lbtrl dopos ubeins pnr hulrzos il Xob ilr Zoo`s. Wrnpelioils Wrnpelio ils obesntr obesntrôpedos ôpedos .   Ieoaobtl6 pn`ehnran altolstok`l il D o tlaplroturo oakelbtl y prlseôb ``````otanshåredo. Doio ïtnan il D lstï ubein dnb ntrns duotrn, dnb lb`odls dnvo`lbtls. Wrnpelioils esntrôpedos. •

•

•

 

 

EBTYEY\Y EBTY EY\YN N YLDB YLDBN@ N@ JEDN T\ T\WL[E WL[EN[ N[ IL DN DNOYVO OYVODNO DNO@DNT @DNT Ilportoalbtn6 Ebjlbelráo Aldïbedo Aotlreo6 ebj. Aotlreo`ls bn altï`edns Indlbtl6 EBJ. O`hrlin Opn`nben Tlrrobn To`ebos  Bnakrl O`uabn6 \beioi6 Ylao6

;

Jroin y Jrupn6

4O

Liuorin [nan Koutesto Odteveioi6 ;

Hldco6

47/75/;7;7

Dnbd`useôb Woro tlraebo dnb lstl tlao oprlbieans `os voreobtls il `ns aotlreo`ls dresto`ebns veans `os hnraos qul lsto telbl y dnan `ns ïtnans sl dnapnblb poro hnraor`o y dnan lstïb ubeios ilplbil il su dresto`ezodeôb poro hnraor iehlrlbtls aotlreo`ls yo albdenboins

E. EE. EEE. EX.

KEK@ENJ[OHEO cttp6//www.udo.liu.sv/hodu`toi/d`osls/ebj/a;?774?/Ylao%;77:.pih    cttp6//www.udo.liu.sv/hodu`toi/d`osls/ebj/a;?774?/Ylao%;77:.pih  cttp6//ndw.ud4a.ls/delbdeo-l-neb/q cttp6//ndw.ud4a.ls/delb deo-l-neb/queaedo-il-`nsueaedo-il-`ns-aotlreo`ls/Ao aotlreo`ls/Aotlreo`-il tlreo`-il-d`osl/tlao-8 -d`osl/tlao-8..aotlreo`ls-alto`edns-dlro aotlreo `ls-alto`edns-dlroaedns-y-pn`ealrn aedns-y-pn`ealrns-ee s-ee   cttps6//etsdeuioislriob.liu.ax/eaojls//Ebstetutn/Dorrlros/dorrlros;7?