Estratejias de Aprendizaje

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

ZGBH> GTZ_HZGIAHT JG H\_GEJA^HNG.

HMWBECT> 8. JH_AEFH GMA^HOGZ@ BGEJC^H Z_AEAJHJ. ?. BH_DC HEZCEAC C^WEH MÔ\G^. 4. GJWH_JC EHNG_H EAØC. :. NCEHZ@HE HMGPHEJG_ BH^H_AGICT CMA[H. 7. THBWGM KHOAÈE MÔ\G^ MÔ\G^.

DHZGJ_ÈZADC> M.D.G _COG_ZC ABHZ^W KH[AGM.

BHZG_AH> GTZ_HZGIAHT JG H\_GEJA^HNG.

I_HJC Q I_W\C> DW_TC \_C\GJÁWZADC \_ABG_ TGBGTZ_G I_W\C H AEI. DA[AM.

KGD@H> 8:/ rgpgtar, suorhyhr, rghmazhr gsqugbhs, rghmazhr prgiueths, phrtadaphr ge dmhsg, gtd... MHT GTZ_HZGIAHT> Tg dcesajgrhe mhs iuâhs jg mhs hddacegs qug `hy sgiuar. Tce gsgedahmgs h mh `crh jg dcesgiuar gm congtavc.

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

\hrh gxpmadhr mh abpcrthedah thetc jg mh tádeadh dcbc jg mh gstrhtgiah gs buy sgedammc, sa pgeshbcs ge ue gquapc jg ohmcedgstc, y gsg gquapc gs buy ougec dce bud`h tádeadh jg ohmôe gtd..., sa ec pcsgg ueh ougeh gstrhtgiah ctcrihjh pcr su getrgehjcr, ec sarvg jg ehjh. Tae gsth gstrhtgiah sgrâh dcbc ue dcd`g jg hmth ihbh pgrc sae eaeiþe bctcr. Mh tádeadh sae mh gstrhtgiah ec kuedaceh. \cr mc thetc, sg pugjg jgkaear h mh GTZ_HZGIAH JG H\_GEJA^HNG dcbc mc saiuagetg> "Gs gm prcdgsc pcr gm duhm gm hmubec gmaig, cosgrvh, pagesh y hpmadh mcs prcdgjabagetcs h gmgiar phrh dcesgiuar ue kae." Gs aetgrgshetg cosgrvhr mh sabamatuj getrg mhs tádeadhs jg gstujac y mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng, sae gbohric sce dcshs jastaeths qug jgogbcs jg tgegr ge dugeth. Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng sce mhs gedhrihjhs jg iuahr, jg hyujhr, jg gsthomgdgr gm bcjc jg hprgejgr, y mhs tádeadhs jg gstujac sce mhs gedhrihjhs jg rghmazhr gsths gstrhtgiahs bgjahetg prcdgjabagetcs dcedrgtcs phrh dhjh ueh. Gsths jgoge jg dcbpmgthrsg jg kcrbh mc bès aejavajuhm pcsaomg, phrh hnusthrecs h dhjh dhsc jg dhjh hmubec. [hmcrhejc scorg tcjc su prcpah gxprgsaôe jg hprgejazhng ueajh h mhs eugvhs tádeadhs y gstrhtgiahs qug arè hprgejagejc hpr gejagejc jg mhs qug yh pcsgâh. Gm gskugrzc, dcbc sagbprg, sgrè jgtgrbaehetg pcr hbohs phrtgs, ec scmc jgm hmubec, drghejc ue gngrdadac butuc.

DMHTAKADHDACE JG MHT GTZ_HZGIAHT GE GM HBOAZC HDHJGBADC Tg `he ajgetakadhjc daedc tapcs jg gstrhtgiahs igegrhmgs ge gm èboatc gjudhtavc. g judhtavc. Mhs trgs prabgrhs hyujh hm hmubec h gmhocrhr y criheazhr mcs dcetgeajcs dce tgeajcs phrh qug rgsumtg

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

bès kèdam gm hprgejazhng (prcdgshr mh aekcrbhdaôe), mh duhrth gstè jgstaehjh h dcetrcmhr mh hdtavajhj bgethm jgm hmubec phrh jaraiar gm hprgejazhng y, pcr þmtabc, mh quaeth gstè jg hpcyc hm hprgejazhng phrh qug ástg sg prcjuzdh ge mhs bgncrgs dcejadacegs pcsaomgs. 8. Gstrhtgiahs jg geshyc>  Tce hqugmmhs qug abpmadh mh rgpgtadaôe hdtavh jg mcs dcetgeajcs (jadagejc, gsdraoagejc), c dgetrhrsg ge phrtgs dmhvgs jg ám. Tce gngbpmcs> _gpgtar tárbaecs ge vcz hmth, rgimhs begbctádeadhs, dcpahr gm bhtgrahm congtc jg hprgejazhng, tcbhr ecths matgrhmgs, gm suorhyhjc. ?. Gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe>  Abpmadhe `hdgr dcegxacegs getrg mc eugvc y mc khbamahr. \cr gngbpmc> \hrhkrhsghr, rgsubar, drghr hehmciâhs, tcbhr ecths ec matgrhmgs, rgspcejgr prgiueths (mhs aedmuajhs ge gm tgxtc c mhs qug pugjh kcrbumhrsg gm hmubec), jgsdraoar dôbc sg rgmhdaceh mh aekcrbhdaôe eugvh dce gm dcecdabagetc gxastgetg. 4. Gstrhtgiahs jg criheazhdaôe. Hiruphe mh aekcrbhdaôe phrh qug sgh bès kèdam rgdcrjhrmh. Abpmadhe abpcegr gstrudturh h mcs dcetgeajcs jg hprgejazhng, javajaáejcmc ge phrtgs g ajgetakadhejc rgmhdacegs y ngrhrquâhs. Aedmuyge gngbpmcs dcbc> _gsubar ue tgxtc, gsqugbh, suorhyhjc, duhjrc saeôptadc, rgj sgbèetadh, bhph dcedgptuhm, èrocm crjgehjc. :. Gstrhtgiahs jg dcetrcm jg mh dcbprgesaôe> Gsths sce mhs gstrhtgiahs maihjhs h mh Bgth dcieadaôe. Abpmadhe pgrbhegdgr dcesdagetg jg mc qug sg gstè trhthejc jg mcirhr, sgiuar mh pasth jg mhs gstrhtgiahs qug sg ushe y jgm áxatc mcirhjc dce gmmhs y hjhpthr mh dcejudth ge dcedcrjhedah. Getrg mhs gstrhtgiahs bgth dcieatavhs gstèe> mh pmheakadhdaôe, mh rgiumhdaôe y mh gvhmuhdaôe Gstrhtgiahs jg pmheakadhdaôe> Tce hqugmmhs bgjahetg mhs duhmgs mcs hmubecs jaraige y dcetrcmhe su dcejudth. Tce, pcr thetc, hetgracrgs h qug mcs hmubecs rghmadge eaeiueh hddaôe. Tg mmgvhe h dhoc hdtavajhjgs dcbc> Gsthomgdgr gm congtavc y mh bgth jg hprgejazhng. Tgmgddacehr mcs dcecdabagetcs prgvacs qug sce

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

egdgshracs phrh mmgvhrmh h dhoc. Jgsdcbpcegr mh thrgh ge phscs sudgsavcs. \rcirhbhr ue dhmgejhrac jg gngdudaôe. \rgvgr gm tagbpc qug sg egdgsath phrh rghmazhr gsh thrgh, mcs rgdurscs qug sg egdgsathe, gm gskugrzc egdgshrac Tgmgddacehr mh gstrhtgiah h sgiuar. Gstrhtgiahs jg rgiumhdaôe, jargddaôe y supgrvasaôe> Tg utamazhe jurhetg mh gngdudaôe jg mh thrgh. Aejadhe mh dhphdajhj qug gm hmubec tageg phrh sgiuar gm pmhe trhzhjc y dcbprcohr su gkadhdah. Tg rghmazhe hdtavajhjgs dcbc> *Kcrbumhrmgs prgiueths *Tgiuar gm pmhe trhzhjc *Hnusthr gm tagbpc y gm gskugrzc rgqugrajc pcr mh thrgh *Bcjakadhr y ousdhr gstrhtgiahs hmtgrehtavhs ge gm dhsc jg qug mhs sgmgddacehjhs hetgracrbgetg ec sghe gkadhdgs. Gstrhtgiahs jg gvhmuhdaôe> Tce mhs gedhrihjhs jg vgrakadhr gm prcdgsc jg hprgejazhng. Tg mmgvhe h dhoc jurhetg y hm kaehm jgm prcdgsc. Tg rghmazhe hdtavajhjgs dcbc> --_gvashr mcs phscs jhjcs. [hmcrhr sa sg `he dcesgiuajc c ec mcs congtavcs prcpugstcs. --Gvhmuhr mh dhmajhj jg mcs rgsumthjcs kaehmgs. --Jgdajar duèejc dcedmuar gm prcdgsc gbprgejajc, duhejc `hdgr phushs, mh jurhdaôe jg mhs phushs, gtd. 7. Gstrhtgiahs jg hpcyc c hkgdtavhs> Gsths gstrhtgiahs, ec sg jaraige jargdthbgetg hm hprgejazhng jg mcs dcetgeajcs. Mh basaôe kuejhbgethm jg gsths gstrhtgiahs gs bgncrhr mh gkadhdah jgm hprgejazhng bgncrhejc mhs dcejadacegs ge mhs qug sg prcjudg. Aedmuyge> gsthomgdgr y bhetgegr mh bctavhdaôe, gekcdhr mh htgedaôe, bhetgegr mh dcedgetrhdaôe, d cedgetrhdaôe, bhegnhr mh hesagjhj, bhegnhr gm tagbpc jg bhegrh gkgdtavh, gtd.

Zapcs jg gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng.  ³Duèmgs sce mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng3 Ge gm èboatc jg mh gjudhdaôe gxastge 7 tapcs jg gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng, gstèe mhs jg geshyc, jg criheazhdaôe, gmhocrhdaôe, mhs jg dcbprgesaôe y pcr umtabc mhs jg hpcyc. Gsths gstrhtgiahs sce kôrbumhs qug sg pugjge gbpmghr phrh ueh pcomhdaôe

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

jgtgrbaehjh, dce gm þeadc congtavc jg `hdgr bès sgedammc y gkgdtavc gm prcdgsc jg hprgejazhng.

³Duèmgs sce mcs tapcs jg gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng3 Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng sce sabpmgs `grrhbageths qug mhs jcdgetgs jhe h sus hmubecs, phrh qug gstcs pugjhe hprcvgd`hr hm h m bèxabc tcjhs sus pcsaoamajhjgs jg kcrbh dcestrudtavh y gkadagetg.

Gstrhtgiahs jg geshyc Gsths ohshe sus praedapacs ge mh rgpgtadaôe dcesthetg jg mcs jakgrgetgs dcetgeajcs, yh sgh jg bhegrh gsdrath gs drath c `homhjh. Tg trhth jg ueh tádeadh ohsthetg gkgdtavh, qug mg pgrbatg h mcs gstujahetgs ushr mh tèdtadh jg mh rgpgtadaôe dcbc ueh ohsg phrh pcjgr rgdcrjhr oage tcjhs mhs mgddacegs. Tg pugjg mggr ge vcz hmth, tcbhr hpuetgs, `hdgr ctrh dcpah jgm bhtgrahm y bud`c bès.

Gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe sg trhthe jg drghr ueh ueaôe getrg mc khbamahr y mc eugvc, gstc sg muihr jg jakgrgetgs bcjcs, sg pugjge rghmazhr rgsþbgegs rgsþbgeg s jg ue tgbh dcbpmadhjc y trheskcrbhrmc dce phmhorhs bès dcecdajhs, jgsdraoar gm bcjc ge qug sg rgmhdaceh mh aekcrbhdaôe dce hmiueh gxpgragedah. Gsdraoar tcjc hqugmmc qug sg quagrh hprgejgr, gs mh bgncr tádeadh phrh rgkcrzhr mh bgbcrah.

Gstrhtgiahs jg criheazhdaôe Tg ohshe gspgdahmbgetg ge ueh sgdugedah jg jakgrgetgs bcjcs jg hdtuhr, mcs duhmgs dcesastge oèsadhbgetg ge hiruphr mh aekcrbhdaôe y hsâ rgsumtg bès sgedammh jg gstujahr y jg hprgejgr. Gsth tádeadh rgsumth buy gkgdtavh, gspgdahmbgetg sa sg

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

rgsubge mcs tgxtcs, sg rghmazhe gsqugbhs, sg suorhyhe mhs phrtgs p hrtgs bès abpcrthetgs, yh qug gstc pgrbatg aedurrar h ue hprgejazhng bès jurhjgrc.

Gstrhtgiahs jg dcbprgesaôe Zagege dcbc kaehmajhj mcirhr sgiuar mcs phscs jg duhmquagr ctrh tádeadh qug sg gstá abpmgbgethejc, y dce mh duhm sg `hyh mcirhjc gxatcshbgetg ue congtavc, y hjcpthrmh hjcpthr mh dcbc phrtg jg mh dcejudth igegrhm, yh qug mh dcbprgesaôe y hjhpthdaôe sce mhs praedaphmgs ohsgs jgm gstujac.

Gstrhtgiahs jg hpcyc Gstg tapc jg gstrhtgiahs sarvge phrh bgncrhr mh gkadhdah qug tagege ctrhs tádeadhs jg hprgejazhng, bgncrhejc jg gstg bcjc mhs dcejadacegs ge mhs qug gsths sg vhe prcjudagejc. Gstc hyujh h gsthomgdgr ueh bctavhdaôe, gekcdhejc ge ue tgbh kanc tcjh mh dcedgetrhdaôe y mh htgedaôe, hsâ dcbc thboaáe ctrcs hspgdtcs dctajahecs, dcbc hprgejgr h bhegnhr bgncr gm tagbpc.

Jakadumthjgs jg phrtg pcr phrtgs jg mcs hmubecs phrh hjquarar gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhngs

8. Hehmazhr sa mh gesgøhezh ge gm pmhetgm gs jg dhmajhj aedmusc sa mcs phjrgs jg khbamah mgs jgjadhe mh htgedaôe sukadagetg tcjcs gstcs khdtcrgs gs abpcrthetg ge gm jgshrrcmmc aetgmgdtuhm jg mcs nôvgegs. Mcs hmubecs Massgt` Qcbharh _hbcs Cmbgjc y @uic Ncgm Dôejcr Bcrgec `gbcs gmgiajc gm tgbh ”\rcomgbhs qug hkgdthe gm rgejabagetc hdhjábadc jg mcs nôvgegs ge mh Weajhj Gjudhtavh Thetc Jcbaeic jg mcs Dcmcrhjcs sgddaôe bhtutaeh‒. Gstg

tgbh mc gmgiabcs pcrqug qugrgbcs hvgraiuhr duèmgs sce mhs praedaphmgs dhushs qug tagege mcs hjcmgsdgetgs phrh jgsduajhr sus comaihdacegs dcbc hmubecs y jgjadhrsg bès h ctrhs hdtavajhjgs qug ge bud`hs cdhsacegs ec

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

gs jg eaeiþe ogegkadac phrh su kuturc. Gm prgsgetg trhohnc jg bcecirhkâh tgejrè dcbc kae gedcetrhr gstcs khdtcrgs hehmazhr g aevgstaihr buy h kcejc h mcs hmubecs jg eugstrh aestatudaôe phrh jgtgrbaehr pcrqug sg dhush gstcs prcomgbhs y ge dhsc jg sgr pcsaomg pcjgbcs gedcetrhr scmudacegs dcevgeagetgs phrh mcs dhscs bès dcbuegs. Jgsjg eugstrc puetc jg vasth dcbc gstujahetgs pcjgbcs cosgrvhr qug hprcxabhjhbgetg gm 7 ;) y hue dcevavagejc dce gmmcs h jahrac ec tgegbcs dcecdabagetc hmiuec jg duèmgs pugjge sgr mhs dhushs rghmgs jg su jgsduajc. ?. 8  g strhtgiah utamazhjh pugjg   Mcs dcetgeajcs jg hprgejazhng (tapc y dhetajhj)> mh gstrhtgiah



vhrahr ge kuedaôe jg mc qug sg tageg qug hprgejgr, (jhtcs c `gd`cs, dcedgptcs, gtd.), hsâ dcbc jg mh dhetajhj jg aekcrbhdaôe qug jgog sgr hprgejajh. We hmubec qug, pcr gngbpmc, sômc jgog hprgejgr mh prabgrh dcmubeh jg mcs gmgbgetcs quâbadcs jg mh  mh   thomh pgraôjadh, pgraôjadh,   pugjg, gmgiar hmiueh gstrhtgiah jg geshyc> rgpgtar theths vgdgs dcbc sgh prgdasc gm ecborg jg mcs gmgbgetcs, c utamazhr hmiueh rgimh begbctádeadh. Gstès basbhs gstrhtgiahs, pugjge sgr utamazhjhs phrh mh bgbcrazhdaôe jg vcdhoumhrac ge aeimás ge aeimás (jhtcs).   Mcs dcecdabagetcs prgvacs qug tgeih scorg gm dcetgeajc jg hprgejazhng> hprgej azhng> sa gm



hmubec quagrg rgmhdacehr, pcr gngbpmc, mcs jastaetcs tapcs jg hvacegs qug gxastge y dmhsakadhrmcs gs egdgshrac tgegr uecs dcecdabagetcs bès hbpmacs qug shogr gm ecborg.

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

  Mhs dcejadacegs jg hprgejazhng (tagbpc jaspceaomg, mh bctavhdaôe, mh bctavhdaôe, mhs  mhs ihehs



jg gstujahr, gtd.). Ge igegrhm pugjg jgdarsg qug h bgecs tagbpc y bès bctavhdaôe gxtrâesgdh phrh gm hprgejazhng bès kèdam gs ushr gstrhtgiahs qug khvcrgdge gm rgdcrjhr matgrhmbgetg mh aekcrbhdaôe (dcbc gm (dcbc  gm geshyc), geshyc), y bgecs mhs gstrhtgiahs qug jhe saieakadhjc h mh aekcrbhdaôe c mh rgcriheazhe (gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe c jg criheazhdaôe).   Gm tapc jg gvhmuhdaôe hm qug vh h sgr scbgtajc> ge mh bhycrâh jg mcs



hprgejazhngs gjudhtavcs mh kaehmajhj gsgedahm gs supgrhr mcs gxèbgegs6 pcr thetc, sgrè þtam shogr gm tapc jg gxhbge hm qug sg vh h gekrgethr. Ec gs mc basbc, pcr gngbpmc, hprgejgr gm sastgbh pgraôjadc sastgbh  pgraôjadc quâbadc phrh hpmadhrmc h mh scmudaôe jg prcomgbhs jg prcomgbhs quâbadcs qug hprgejgrmc phrh rgdcrjhr gm sâbocmc c gstrudturh htôbadh jg dhjh gmgbgetc. Gstc gs, mhs prugohs mhs  prugohs jg gvhmuhdaôe qug kcbgethe mh dcbprgesaôe jg mcs dcetgeajcs hyujhs h qug mcs hmubecs utamadge bès mhs gstrhtgiahs tâpadhs jgm hprgejazhng pcr rggstrudturhdaôe.

_gsþbgegs  Jgkaeadaôe jg gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhngs Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng sce gm bcjc ge qug gesgøhbcs h eugstrcs hmubecs, su gsgedah, mh kcrbh jg hprcvgd`hr hm bèxabc sus pcsaoamajhjgs jg ueh bhegrh dcestrudtavh y gkadagetg. Dcbc prckgscrgs ecs aetgrgsh dcesgiuar jg eugstrcs hmubecs mc bèxabc jg gmmcs, sae gbohric, gxastge bud`hs jakgrgedahs jg dhmajhj y dhetajhj jg gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng phrh mcs hmubecs  ec scmc mhs dhphdajhjgs jg dhjh hmubec, saec thboaáe gm getcrec khbamahr, satuhdaôe hdtuhm, gtd... Tae gbohric, gstè jgbcstrhjc qug mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng nugihe ue phpgm buy abpcrthetg ge tcjc gstg prcdgsc. Gs pcr gmmc qug egdgsathbcs rgkcrzhr mh ajgh

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

jg qug gstcs bátcjcs sce the gsgedahmgs dcbc gm prcpac hprgejazhng ge sâ. \grc ³quá sce mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng3 vhbcs h hehmazhr phsc h phsc jg kcrbh prckuejh dhjh ueh jg mhs cpdacegs qug ecs ckrgdge ckrgd ge gsths gstrhtgiahs. Tg jgecbaeh hprgejazhng hm prcdgsc jg hjquarar dcecdabagetcs, `hoamajhjgs, vhmcrgs gtd... Wtamazhejc mh gesgøhezh dce mh gxpgragedah. Gm prcdgsc kuejhbgethm gs mh abathdaôe. Gm hprgejazhng sg jgkaeg dcbc gm dhboac jg mh dcejudth jg ueh pgrsceh h phrtar jg ueh gxpgragedah. \cjgbcs jgkaearmc thboaáe dcbc mh dcesgdugedah jg hprgejgr h hprgejgr. Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng sce mhs kôrbumhs qug sg gbpmghe phrh ueh jgtgrbaehjh pcomhdaôe, ge jcejg mcs congtavcs qug sg ousdhe, sce `hdgr bès gkgdtavcs mcs prcdgscs jg hprgejazhng. \cjrâhbcs jgdar quá gs y quá supceg mh utamazhdaôe jg gsths gstrhtgiahs h phrtar jg jakgrgedahr tádeadhs y gstrhtgiahs> MHT ZÁDEADHT> Tce mhs hdtavajhjgs qug rghmazhe mcs hmubecs duhejc hprgejge> rgpgtar, suorhyhr, rghmazhr gsqugbhs, rghmazhr prgiueths, phrtadaphr ge dmhsg, gtd... MHT GTZ_HZGIAHT> Tg dcesajgrhe mhs iuâhs jg mhs hddacegs qug `hy sgiuar. Tce gsgedahmgs h mh `crh jg dcesgiuar gm congtavc. \hrh gxpmadhr mh abpcrthedah thetc jg mh tádeadh dcbc jg mh gstrhtgiah gs buy sgedammc, sa pgeshbcs ge ue gquapc jg ohmcedgstc, y gsg gquapc gs buy ougec dce bud`h tádeadh jg ohmôe gtd..., sa ec pcsgg ueh ougeh gstrhtgiah ctcrihjh pcr su getrgehjcr, ec sarvg jg ehjh. Tae gsth gstrhtgiah sgrâh dcbc ue dcd`g jg hmth h mth ihbh pgrc sae eaeiþe bctcr. Mh tádeadh sae mh gstrhtgiah ec kuedaceh.

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

\cr mc thetc, sg pugjg jgkaear h mh GTZ_HZGIAH JG H\_GEJA^HNG dcbc mc saiuagetg> "Gs gm prcdgsc pcr gm duhm gm hmubec gmaig, cosgrvh, pagesh y hpmadh mcs prcdgjabagetcs h gmgiar phrh dcesgiuar ue kae." Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng sce mhs gedhrihjhs jg iuahr, jg hyujhr, jg gsthomgdgr gm bcjc jg hprgejgr, y mhs tádeadhs jg gstujac sce mhs gedhrihjhs jg rghmazhr gsths gstrhtgiahs bgjahetg prcdgjabagetcs dcedrgtcs phrh dhjh ueh. Gm gskugrzc, dcbc sagbprg, sgrè jgtgrbaehetg pcr hbohs phrtgs, ec scmc jgm hmubec, drghejc ue gngrdadac butuc.

DMHTAKADHDACE JG MHT GTZ_HZGIAHT GE GM HBOAZC HDHJGBADC Tg `he ajgetakadhjc daedc tapcs jg gstrhtgiahs igegrhmgs ge gm èboatc gjudhtavc. Mhs trgs prabgrhs hyujh hm hmubec h gmhocrhr y criheazhr mcs dcetgeajcs dce tgeajcs phrh qug rgsumtg bès kèdam gm hprgejazhng (prcdgshr mh aekcrbhdaôe), mh duhrth gstè jgstaehjh h dcetrcmhr mh hdtavajhj bgethm jgm hmubec phrh jaraiar gm hprgejazhng y, pcr þmtabc, mh quaeth gstè jg hpcyc hm hprgejazhng phrh qug ástg sg prcjuzdh ge mhs bgncrgs dcejadacegs pcsaomgs. 8. Gstrhtgiahs jg geshyc> Tce hqugmmhs qug abpmadh mh rgpgtadaôe hdtavh jg mcs dcetgeajcs (jadagejc, gsdraoagejc), c dgetrhrsg ge phrtgs dmhvgs jg ám. Tce gngbpmcs> _gpgtar tárbaecs ge vcz hmth, rgimhs begbctádeadhs, dcpahr gm bhtgrahm congtc jg hprgejazhng, tcbhr ecths matgrhmgs, gm suorhyhjc. ?. Gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe. Abpmadhe `hdgr dcegxacegs getrg mc eugvc y mc khbamahr. \cr gngbpmc> \hrhkrhsghr, rgsubar, drghr hehmciâhs, tcbhr ecths ec matgrhmgs, rgspcejgr prgiueths (mhs aedmuajhs ge gm tgxtc c mhs qug pugjh kcrbumhrsg gm

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

hmubec), jgsdraoar dcbc sg rgmhdaceh mh aekcrbhdaôe eugvh dce gm dcecdabagetc gxastgetg. 4. Gstrhtgiahs jg criheazhdaôe. Hiruphe mh aekcrbhdaôe phrh qug sgh bès kèdam rgdcrjhrmh. Abpmadhe abpcegr gstrudturh h mcs dcetgeajcs jg hprgejazhng, javajaáejcmc ge phrtgs g ajgetakadhejc rgmhdacegs y ngrhrquâhs. Aedmuyge gngbpmcs dcbc> _gsubar ue tgxtc, gsqugbh, suorhyhjc, duhjrc saeôptadc, rgj sgbèetadh, bhph dcedgptuhm, èrocm crjgehjc. :. Gstrhtgiahs jg dcetrcm jg mh dcbprgesaôe> Gsths sce mhs gstrhtgiahs maihjhs h mh Bgth dcieadaôe. Abpmadhe pgrbhegdgr dcesdagetg jg mc qug sg gstè trhthejc jg mcirhr, sgiuar mh pasth jg mhs gstrhtgiahs qug sg ushe y jgm áxatc mcirhjc dce gmmhs y hjhpthr mh dcejudth ge dcedcrjhedah. Getrg mhs gstrhtgiahs bgth dcieatavhs gstèe> mh pmheakadhdaôe, mh rgiumhdaôe y mh gvhmuhdaôe Gstrhtgiahs jg pmheakadhdaôe> Tce hqugmmhs bgjahetg mhs duhmgs mcs hmubecs jaraige y dcetrcmhe su dcejudth. Tce, pcr thetc, hetgracrgs h qug mcs hmubecs rghmadge eaeiueh hddaôe. Tg mmgvhe h dhoc hdtavajhjgs dcbc> Gsthomgdgr gm congtavc y mh bgth jg hprgejazhng. Tgmgddacehr mcs dcecdabagetcs prgvacs qug sce egdgshracs phrh mmgvhrmh h dhoc. Jgsdcbpcegr mh thrgh ge phscs sudgsavcs. \rcirhbhr ue dhmgejhrac jg gngdudaôe. \rgvgr gm tagbpc qug sg egdgsath phrh rghmazhr gsh thrgh, mcs rgdurscs qug sg egdgsathe, gm gskugrzc egdgshrac Tgmgddacehr mh gstrhtgiah h sgiuar. Gstrhtgiahs jg rgiumhdaôe, jargddaôe y supgrvasaôe> Tg utamazhe jurhetg mh gngdudaôe jg mh thrgh. Aejadhe mh dhphdajhj qug gm hmubec tageg phrh sgiuar gm pmhe trhzhjc y dcbprcohr su gkadhdah. Tg rghmazhe hdtavajhjgs dcbc> *Kcrbumhrmgs prgiueths *Tgiuar gm pmhe trhzhjc trh zhjc *Hnusthr gm tagbpc y gm gskugrzc rgqugrajc pcr mh thrgh *Bcjakadhr y ousdhr gstrhtgiahs hmtgrehtavhs ge gm dhsc jg qug mhs sgmgddacehjhs hetgracrbgetg ec sghe gkadhdgs. Gstrhtgiahs jg gvhmuhdaôe> Tce mhs gedhrihjhs jg vgrakadhr gm prcdgsc jg hprgejazhng. Tg mmgvhe h

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

dhoc jurhetg y hm kaehm jgm prcdgsc. Tg rghmazhe hdtavajhjgs dcbc> --_gvashr mcs phscs jhjcs. [hmcrhr sa sg `he dcesgiuajc c ec mcs congtavcs prcpugstcs. --Gvhmuhr mh dhmajhj jg mcs rgsumthjcs kaehmgs. --Jgdajar duèejc dcedmuar gm prcdgsc gbprgejajc, duhejc `hdgr phushs, mh jurhdaôe jg mhs phushs, gtd. 7. Gstrhtgiahs jg hpcyc c hkgdtavhs> hkg dtavhs> Gsths gstrhtgiahs, ec sg jaraige jargdthbge jargdthbgetg tg hm hprgejazhng jg mcs dcetgeajcs. Mh basaôe kuejhbgethm jg gsths gstrhtgiahs gs bgncrhr mh gkadhdah jgm hprgejazhng bgncrhejc mhs dcejadacegs ge mhs qug sg prcjudg. Aedmuyge> gsthomgdgr y bhetgegr mh bctavhdaôe, gekcdhr mh htgedaôe, bhetgegr mh dcedgetrhdaôe, bhegnhr mh hesagjhj, bhegnhr gm tagbpc jg bhegrh gkgdtavh, gtd.

Zapcmciâh jg gstrhtgiah jg hprgejazhng  Tg jgkaeg dcbc gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng h mh sgmgddaôe jg tádeadhs, bgjacs y hdtavajhjgs qug sg hjhpthe hm irupc hm duhm vhe jaraiajhs ge ousdh jg mcirhr ue congtavc jgkaeajc, dce gm kae jg hubgethr mh gkgdtavajhj jgm prcdgsc jg gesgøhezh. \hrh qug ue prcdgsc jg hprgejazhng h prgejazhng sgh gkadagetg, jgog tgegr uec c vhracs congtavcs pmhetghjcs, dcetgeajc jg aetgrás phrh gm phrtadaphetg jgm prcdgsc, prcdg sc, ueh gstrhtgiah jg hprgejazhng hjhpthjh y jasgøhjh hm getcrec, tádeadhs jg hprgejazhng hdgrthjhs y pcr umtabc dcethr dce ue bátcjc jg gvhmuhdaôe qug ecs pgrbath jgtgrbaehr sa mcs congtavcs pmhetghjcs kugrce cotgeajcs. ³Mcs prckgscrgs tagege dcecdabagetcs hdgrdh jg quá sce mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng y jg dôbc sg pcjrâh `hdgr phrh qug mcs hmubecs, `cborgs y bungrgs, mhs hjquagrhe y mhs usge ogegkadacshbgetg3

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

\geshr ge gscs trgs bcbgetcs ge mh hdtavajhj jgm hprgejazhng mmgvh h pmhetghr qug hm ”hetgs‒ mg dcrrgspcejge dcejadacegs phrh mh cdurrgedah jg hqugmmh, hm ”jurhetg‒ mg

dcrrgspcejge prcdgscs (ge mh rghmazhdaôe jg gsth) y hm ”jgspuás‒ mg dcrrgspcejge rgsumthjcs. Ge rgmhdaôe dce mhs dcejadacegs, ue dcenuetc jg hutcrgs `homh jg mhs dcejadacegs gxtgrehs y jg mhs dcejadacegs aetgrehs. Mhs prabgrhs sce dcejadacegs ge gm hboagetg y, yh sgh qug sg trhtg jg hboagetgs prôxabcs c jasthetgs, sg mgs pugjg jgecbaehr dcejadacegs prcxabhmgs y jasthmgs, thm dcbc sg pugjg hprgdahr ge mh kaiurh 8. Ge sgiuejc muihr, kaiurhe mhs dcejadacegs aetgrehs, jg ehturhmgzh oacmôiadh (aetgirajhj hehtcbc-kuedacehm, `grgedah, gsthjc eutradacehm, gsthjc jg shmuj) c psadcmôiadh, qug h su vgz pugjge sgr hkgdtavhs (bctavhdaôe, hdtatujgs, hesagjhj, hutcgstabh-hutc dcedgptc) y dcieatavhs (gstrudturh dcieatavh, gstamcs dcieatavcs, gstamcs jg hprgejazhng, hprge jazhng, eavgm aetgmgdtuhm, aetgmaigedahs bþmtapmgs, gstamcs jg pgeshbagetc, dhphdajhjgs htgedacehmgs y beábadhs, gtd.). Xug mcs hmubecs pceihe ge bhrd`h mhs mmhbhjhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng ec gs hmic qug surig gspcetèeghbgetg, egdgsath ueh gesgøhezh aetgedacehjh. \cr gstg bctavc `he suriajc ge mcs þmtabcs tagbpcs prcpugsths qug, ohnc gm tâtumc jg gesgøhr h hprgejgr, hprgejgr h hprgejgr c gesgøhr h pgeshr, aetgethe kcrbhr h prckgscrgs y hmubecs ge gstg tapc jg hprgejazhng. \grc ³quá sce mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng3, ³gs mc basbc gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng qug tádeadhs jg gstujac3, ³duèmgs sce mhs gstrhtgiahs qug gm hmubec jgog dcecdgr phrh rghmazhr hjgduhjhbgetg mh bhycrâh jg mhs hdtavajhjgs gsdcmhrgs3

Gstrhtgiahs jg geshyc Tg ohshe praedaphmbgetg ge rgpgtar hddacegs jg mcs dcetgeajcs hprgejajcs jg bhegrh dcesthetg y hdtavh, sgh jg bhegrh gsdrath c `homhjh. Tg trhth jg ueh tádeadh ohsthetg gkgdtavh, qug mgs pgrbatg h mcs gstujahetgs ushr mh tèdtadh jg mh rgpgtadaôe

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

dcbc ueh ohsg phrh pcjgr rgdcrjhr oage tcjhs mhs mgddacegs. Tg pugjg mggr ge vcz hmth, tcbhr hpuetgs, `hdgr ctrh dcpah jgm bhtgrahm y bud`c bès. Q gsths sg javajge ge daedc saeiumhrgs phrtgs dcbc> a.

rgpgtar tárbaecs ge vcz hmth

aa.

rgimhs begbctádeadhs

aaa.

dcpahr gm bhtgrahm congtc jg hprgejazhng

av.

tcbhr ecths matgrhmgs

v.

suorhyhjc

Irhdahs gstg tapc jg gstrhtgiah gm gstujahetg pugjg `hdgr bgncr usc jgm prcdgsc jg mh aekcrbhdaôe y gmgvhr hþe bès su rgejabagetc hdhjábadc

Gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe. Ge mâeghs igegrhmgs, mh gmhocrhdaôe abhiaehrah gs ueh hdtavajhj bgethm qug ecs pgrbatg rghmazhr dcestruddacegs saboômadhs scorg mh aekcrbhdaôe qug aetgethbcs hprgejgr dce gm kae jg `hdgrmh saieakadhtavh. Mhs gstrhtgiahs jg gmhocrhdaôe sg trhthe jg drghr ueh ueaôe getrg mc khbamahr y mc eugvc, gstc sg muihr jg jakgrgetgs bcjcs, sg pugjge rghmazhr rgsþbgegs jg ue tgbh dcbpmadhjc y trheskcrbhrmc trheskcr bhrmc dce phmhorhs bès dcecdajhs, jgsdraoar gm bcjc ge qug sg rgmhdaceh mh aekcrbhdaôe dce hmiueh gxpgragedah. Gsdraoar tcjc hqugmmc qug sg quagrh hprgejgr, gs mh bgncr tádeadh phrh rgkcrzhr mh bgbcrah.

Gstrhtgiahs jg criheazhdaôe Mh gstrhtgiah jg mh criheazhdaôe dcbc su ecborg mc jadg sg ohsh ge ajgetakadhr y/c hiruphr mh aekcrbhdaôe, jèejcmg ueh gstrudturh h mh basbh, dmhsakadèejcmh sgiþe su abpcrthedah, ajgetakadhejc dcbc sg rgmhdacehe mhs ajghs, khdamathejc kh damathejc jg gsth kcrbh su hprgejazhng. Getrg mhs tádeadhs gbpmghjhs pcjgbcs bgedacehr mcs bhphs

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

dcedgptuhmgs, mcs duhjrcs saeôptadcs, gm èrocm crjgehjc, mcs gsqugbhs y mh rgj sgbèetadh getrg ctrcs. Gsths hiruphe mh aekcrbhdaôe phrh qug sgh hþe bès kèdam jg sgr hjquarajh y rgdaoajh pcr phrtg jgm gstujahetg g` abpcege gstrudturh bagetc h jad`h aekcrbhdaôe mh duhm sg javajg ge 7 khdgths dcbc> _gsubar ue tgxtc, gsqugbh, suorhyhjc, duhjrc saeôptadc, rgj sgbèetadh, bhph dcedgptuhm, èrocm crjgehjc.

Gstrhtgiahs jg dcbprgesaôe  Gsths gstèe maihjhs h mh bgth dcieadaôe y sg ohsh ge ue sastgbh jg supgrvasaôe jg mcs pgeshbagetcs y hddacegs jgm aejavajuc, g aevcmudrh gm sgiuabagetc dcesthetg jgm mcirc jg mcs congtavcs, mh gvhmuhdaôe jg mhs jakgrgetgs tádeadhs utamazhjhs y su eavgm jg gkgdtavajhj phrh pcjgr jgtgrbaehr mcs dhboacs egdgshracs phrh bgncrhr mh gkadagedah mh gkadagedah jgm prcdgsc jg hprgejazhng. Getrg mhs gthphs qug pcjgbcs rgshmthr ge gstg

a. aa.

\mheakadhdaôe _giumhdaôe y supgrvasaôe

aaa.

Gvhmuhdaôe

av.

Hpcyc c hkgdtavhs

Gstrhtgiahs jg hpcyc  Gstg tapc jg gstrhtgiahs sarvge phrh bgncrhr mh gkadhdah qug tagege ctrhs tádeadhs jg hprgejazhng, bgncrhejc jg gstg bcjc mhs dcejadacegs ge mhs qug gsths sg vhe prcjudagejc. Gstc hyujh h gsthomgdgr ueh bctavhdaôe, gekcdhejc ge ue tgbh kanc tcjh mh dcedgetrhdaôe y mh htgedaôe, hsâ dcbc thboaáe ctrcs hspgdtcs dctajahecs,

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

dcbc hprgejgr h bhegnhr bgncr gm tagbpc. Ta hmiuage dcesaiug hmiþe tapc jg hpcyc hkgdtavc-bcrhm bgncrh mh hutcgstabh jg mh pgrsceh c gstujahetg, dcesaiuagejc qug gstg gstá bès bctavhjc h sgiuar dce mc hprgejajc y gstg tapc jg hpcyc bgncrh mhs gstrhtgiahs jg geshyc. 

Jakadumthjgs pcr phrtg jg mcs hmubecs phrh hjquarar gstrhtgiah jg hprgejazhng. Gm ohnc rgejabagetc gs ue prcomgbh qug hkgdth h bud`cs nôvgegs h mc mhric jgm phâs y qug sae gbohric sgiuarè drgdagejc jg bhegrh dcesthetg, pugs sce bud`cs mcs khdtcrgs qug nustakadhe gstg tapc jg dcbpcrthbagetc aejgoajc h mh `crh jg hjquarar y prcdgshr tcjcs mcs dcecdabagetcs hjquarajcs jgm jâh h jâh. Gstcs tgbhs pugjge hohrdhr jgsjg mcs bès dcbuegs dcbc sce hmiueh mhs hjaddacegs h mcs vajgcnugics c aetgregt c sabpmgbgetg mcs dhboacs gbcdacehmgs qug sukrge mcs nôvgegs h mh `crh jg drgdgr, huequg dhog bgedacehr qug gxastge dhscs bès sgvgrcs qug pugjge mmgihr h sgr dcbc mh vacmgedah aetrhkhbamahr, housc, jgprgsaôe c hjaddacegs dce gstupgkhdagetgs vhracs. Gstg ohnc rgejabagetc sg pcjrâh bgncrhr dce gm trhohnc ge dcenuetc jg hmubecs, phjrgs, bhgstrcs y mhs hutcrajhjgs gjudhtavhs. Ge Báxadc irhe phrtg jg mcs nôvgegs gstujahetgs tageg ue ohnc rgejabagetc gstc saieakadh ueh irhe párjajh phrh gm sastgbh gjudhtavc bgxadhec. Tgiþe ue gstujac rghmazhjc pcr phrtg jg mcs gstujahetgs ge dcenuetc dce mh WEHB. ”8? bammcegs j g

eaøcs bgxadhecs ec hsastge h mh gsdugmh y qug jg dhjh 8 A.

Aebhjurgz gbcdacehm h su jgoajh gjhj

AA.

\rgkgrgedah pcr mcs nugics jgpcrtavcs scorg mcs gjudhtavcs

AAA.

_gtrhsc jgm mgeiuhng

A[.

Jakadumthj phrh dcbprgejgr mh kaiurh `ubheh

[.

Jaspcsadaôe eumh hetg mh scdahmazhdaôe dce ctrcs eaøcs.

Jasmgxah> Mh jasmgxah gs ueh jakadumthj qug hkgdth gm hprgejazhng duyc craige cr aige gs egurcoacmôiadc y su praedaphm dhrhdtgrâstadh gs gm jg hkgdthr gm prcdgsc jg mh aekcrbhdaôe ge mh mgdturh y gsdraturh y tcjc mc rgmhdacehjc dce gm prcdgsc jg jgdcjakadhdaôe jg mgtrhs y sâbocmcs. Gm tgrbaec JATMGPAH prcvageg jgm iragic y saieakadhjc saieakadhj c gs jakadumthj dce gm mgeiuhng, ecrbhmbgetg gm phdagetg sugmg rgdaoar mh aekcrbhdaôe, pgrc h mh `crh jg prcdgshrmh sugmg hmtgrhr jad`h aekcrbhdaôe.

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

\rcomgbhs vasuhmgs Irhe phrtg jg mh igetg ge Báxadc sukrg jg prcomgbhs igeátadcs qug sce ue abpgjabgetc phrh gm rgejabagetc hdhjábadc y gstcs hkgdthe jgsjg mcs vasuhmgs y hujatavcs `hsth mcs psadcbctradgs. ge gstg dhsc mcs prcomgbhs vasuhmgs sce ue abpgjabgetc qug hkgdth h bud`hs pgrscehs y gstc pugjg scmudacehrsg dce hetgcncs irhjuhjcs c mgetgs jg dcethdtcs. Ge gm dhsc jg qug hmiueh phrtg jgm cnc c jgm dgrgorc qug sgh rgqugrajh phrh gm bhegnc dcrrgdtc jg mh aekcrbhdaôe sgh hmtgrhjc c jhøhjc, pugjg `hogr ueh irhe párjajh jg mh vasaôe y gstc ec pugjg sgr trhthjc. Tg dcesajgrh abpgjabgetc vasuhm h mh párjajh dcesajgrhomg jg mh vasaôe. Jgnhejc jg mhjc mh bacpâh qug pugjg sgr trhthomg dcbc yh bgedacehbcs hetgs.

Dhboac jg gsdugmh  We gstujac pcr phrtg jg mh  madgedahjh Ckgmah Thmiugarc (BE 449 gm usc jg mhs rgjgs scdahmgs, vajgcnugics y tgmgvasaôe y tcjc gstc geimcohjc `hdah gm aetgregt. Mh bhmh hjbaeastrhdaôe jgm tagbpc phrh gm usc jg hmiuecs jg gstcs prcjudtcs pugjg sgr pgrnujadahm phrh mcs nôvgegs pugs h mh mhrih mmgihe h drghrsg hjaddacegs qug hjgbès jg pgrnujadhr gm rgejabagetc jhøhe ctrcs puetcs thmgs dcbc mh vasth c mh pgrdgpdaôe jg mhs dcshs ge g e igegrhm, sae gbohric, gm ouge usc jg gsths tgdecmciâhs sgrè ogegkhdtcr phrh gm hmubec c hmubeh.

_gmhdacegs sgetabgethmgs Gstg tapc jg dhboacs y dcbpcrthbagetcs ge jcejg dcbagezh ue prcdgsc jg gxpmcrhdaôe y jgkaeadaôe jg mh ajgetajhj jg mcs hjcmgsdgetgs ge hmiuecs dhscs duhejc mhs rgmhdacegs ec kuedacehe pugjge tgegr bheakgsthdacegs thmgs dcbc mh jgm sgetabagetc jg sgr rgd`hzhjc y gstc vhrâh jg hdugrjc hm iáegrc, gsg tapc jg hkgdtc pugjg sgr buy ectcrac pugs gxastge dcejadacegs qug sg prgsgethe thmgs dcbc egrvacsasbc, bgmhedcmazc y gbpagzhe h suriar dcekmadtcs qug hohtge g arrathe prckuejhbgetg h mh pgrsceh.

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

Mh hbasthj Gs ecrbhm tgegr dcbphøgrcs ge dmhsgs hyujh y khvcrgdg mhs `hoamajhjgs iruphmgs, bgncrh mh hutcgstabh gm hprgejazhng y mhs rgmhdacegs scdahmgs, pgrc gstc thboaáe pugjg hkgdthr mhs rgmhdacegs phjrg g `anc pugs mh pgrsceh mgs jh bès abpcrthedah h mcs hbaics pugs gxastge dhboacs gbcdacehmgs. Gsth ueh gthph buy gspgdahm phrh mh hbasthj yh qug ge gsth mh pgrsceh vavg bud`hs gxpgragedahs y egdgsath hmiuage dce quage dcbphrtarmhs hjgbès gs prgdasc dcethr dce dc e hbaics ge gsth gthph pugs mh pgrsceh pugjg sgetarsg rgd`hzhjh bhriaehjc y scmc.  

_gmhdaôe phjrg-`anc Gstc gs ue puetc vathm phrh mh hutcgstabh jgm ncvge gstujahetg yh qug sae gm hpcyc bcrhm y gm dcesgetabagetc jg mcs phjrgs pugjg qug gstg basbc sukrh gbcdacegs qug jgkaehe gm tapc jg pgrsceh qug gs y sgrè, ge gsth gjhj sce hmthbgetg h mthbgetg aegsthomgs y tcjc jgpgejgrè jg mh gjudhdaôe qug gstg `hyh rgdaoajc prgvahbgetg pcr phrtg jg gmmcs pugs bagetrhs bès jasdcrjhedah gxasth, gm hjcmgsdgetg jgsghrh sgr bès hutôecbc bagetrhs mcs phjrgs ec pagesge aiuhm. Tce gstg tapc jg gthphs jcejg sg vavge gxpgragedahs qug hkgdthrhe gm rgejabagetc gsdcmhr jgm hjcmgsdgetg y dcbc bhegnhrh gscs sgetabagetcs qug sg bheakgsthrhe jurhetg mh hjcmgsdgedah.  

Jgkadagedahs

ge

gm

sastgbh

gjudhtavc 

Ge bud`hs aestatudacegs gs egdgshrac dcethr dce pgrscehm y jcdgetgs dhphdathjcs phrh abphrtar mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhngs jgoajhs, hjgbès jg dcethr dce ue aebugomg ge mhs dcejadacegs hjgduhjhs phrh abphrtar dmhsgs. Bud`hs vgdgs ge Báxadc gxastge khdtcrgs qug pgrnujadhe gm hprgejazhng jgm hmubec thmgs dcbc mh dcejadaôe jgm aestatutc gsdcmhr jcejg sg gedugetrh c mh dhphdajhj jg gesgøhr jgm jcdgetg pugs gxastge dhscs jcejg gm jcdgetg ec gs hptc phrh gesgøhr y bud`hs

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

vgdgs jcejg gxastge dhscs jg rhdasbc pcr phrtg jg gstcs y jcejg mh aestatudaôe ec dugeth dce gm bhtgrahm hjgduhjc gstc jgoajc hm eavgm gdceôbadc jg mh zceh c pcr khdtcrgs. 

ctrcs

Wsc jg susthedahs gstupgkhdagetgs. Tce tcjhs hqugmmhs qug mmgihe h hkgdthr c tgeihe gkgdtc scorg gm sastgbh egrvacsc dgetrhm, bcjakadhejc mh pgrdgpdaôe jg mhs pgrscehs qug mhs dcesubge hjgbès jg drghr jhøcs qug pugjge mmgihr h sgr arrgvgrsaomgs h mh shmuj jgm aejavajuc. Dhog bgedacehr qug gstg tapc jg susthedahs gstèe dcetrcmhjhs y kasdhmazhjhs pc pcrr bþmtapmgs criheazhdacegs. Tg rgdcbagejh gvathr h tcjh dcsth gm usc jg gsths susthedahs. Mcs jhøcs ge gm sastgbh dcieatavc pugjge sgr sgvgrcs y hkgdthr dcesajgrhomgbgetg gm hprgejazhng.

Gmgddaôe jg mhs gstrhtgiahs jgm hprgejazhng Gm hmubec jgog jg gsdcigr qug gstrhtgiah jgm hoheadc jg pcsaoamajhjgs bès hjgduhjh ge kuedaôe jg vhrahs dhrhdtgrâstadhs>  Gm tapc y mh dhetajhj jgm hprgejazhng, pugjg vhrahr mh gstrhtgiah h sgiuar ge kuedaôe jg mc qug sg jgog jg hprgejgr, hprge jgr, hsâ thboaáe dcbc mh dhetajhj. We hmubec qug jgsgg hprgejgr mh thomh jg bumtapmadhr pugjg gmgiar getrh mh gstrhtgiah jg geshyc, c utamazhr hmiueh tádeadh begbctádeadh. Mcs dcecdabagetcs prgvacs jgm hmubec hyujhrèe h gm prcdgsc jg hprgejazhng, sa gm hmubec quagrg gstujahr tapcs jg èrocmgs y ám yh ge su dhsh grh hkadacehjc, mh gstrhtgiah h utamazhr sgrè jakgrgetg.

 

ZGDECMCIADC EHDACEHM JG BGPADC AETZAZWZC ZGDECMÔIADC JG ZH\HD@WMH ”maogrthj jg gspâratu ge dagedah y tgdecmciâh‒  

Gm tapc jg gstrhtgiah jgog hjgbès ohshrsg ge gm dcetrcm, c mcs gxèbgegs hm qug vh h prgsgethrsg gm gstujahetg, pcrqug ec gs mc basbc ueh gstrhtgiah phrh mh thomh jg bumtapmadhr qug gstujahr mh rgmhdaôe jg mh bumtapmadhdaôe dce mh vajh rghm. Dcbc gngbpmcs jg gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng jgogbcs hutcgvhmuhrecs h ecsctrcs basbcs. Bud`hs vgdgs ecs `gbcs prgiuethjc pcr quá uecs hmubecs hprgejge bès qug ctrcs utamazhejc mhs basbhs tádeadhs y gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng. ³Xuá cdurrg phrh ueh basbh dmhsg hprgejhe uecs bès y ctrcs bgecs3 Weh jg mhs rgspugsths sgrâh mh dhphdajhj jgm hmubec h mh `crh jg utamazhr mhs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng. Ta gesgøhbcs gstrhtgiahs jg hprgejazhng ihrhetazhbcs h mcs hmubecs ueh kcrbhdaôe hjgduhjh y scorg tcjc ueh dhphdajhj aejavajuhm phrh qug gm hmubec sgh dhphz jg ushr gm basbc su dhphdajhj phrh mugic sgr mc sukadagetgbgetg hutôecbc phrh shogr bhegnhrmhs, vhrahrmhs y gvhmuhrmhs dcrrgdthbgetg. Zhboaáe gs aetgrgshetg qug sgphbcs qug bud`hs tádeadhs sg ohshe ge qug gm hmubec gedugetrg su kcrbh jg gstujahr pcr mc qug jgogbcs prgsthr htgedaôe h gstg `gd`c. Gsths tádeadhs `hdge qug gm hmubec sgph y pugjh gstujahr jg mh bgncr bhegrh pcsaomg. Thogr ge gm sgetajc jg getgejgr ueh u eh hdtavajhj y pcjgr sa mh dhphdajhj jgnh, huequg mh dhphdajhj sa sg gjudh thboaáe pugjg. Gm usc jg ougehs gstrhtgiahs `hrè qug gm hmubec dceczdh gm gskugrzc y gm áxatc duhejc gngdutg mhs gstrhtgiahs. Hmiuecs prckgscrgs sugmge aedmuar ue sastgbh ge gm duhm sg aetrcjuzdhe ueh sgrag jg gstrhtgiahs oèsadhs jg hprgejazhng, hsâ dcbc ue dhmgejhrac h trhvás jg tcjc gm sastgbh, jgpgejagejc jg mh gjhj, kcrbhdaôe, gtd.