Estrategias Aplicadas en La Retención de Talentos Millennials

 

 

X^LNLIF AMOLC

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5—  DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls

Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül Ck`lif9 QDNL55= Xutfr9 ^lqukc Gfotrkrls

Lüf >5>5

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

ÄOHMGK .

Uclotkldmkotf y afrduclgm÷o hkc prfnckdl…………………….………………..8

7.

Fniktmvfs (Fniktmvf `kokrlc y fniktmvfs kspkgäamgfs)..…………….....................;

8.

Iustmamglgm÷o……………………………………………….…………………………1

;.

Dlrgf tk÷rmgf……………………………………………….………….....................1 ;.<

Fr`lomzlgm÷o……………………………………………………………… .………1 

;.>

Gucturl fr`lomzlgmfolc ………………………………………………… .…………0 

;.7

Ukquküls y dkhmlols kdprksls ………………………………………………. 

1.

Hmsküf dktfhfc÷`mgf y tmpf hk movkstm`lgm÷o…………….….………………….71

0.

Hkslrrfccf hk cl movkstm`lgm÷o………………………………..…….……………..70 0.<

Loìcmsms hk kogukstls rklcmzlhls l rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB…..…..72 

0.>

Loìcmsms hk kogukstls rklcmzlhls l cähkrks hk ldnls kdprksls ……...……..7= 

0.7

Loìcmsms hk kogukstls rklcmzlhls l dmcckoomlcs ……………………… ..……….85 

2.

^ksuctlhfs fntkomhfs hk cl movkstm`lgm÷o………………….….……...……….. 8<

=.

Gfogcusmfoks………………………………………………….…….…………….. 8;

5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

550) kxpcmgl quk cls fr`lomzlgmfoks lpcmglo hmstmotls kstrltk`mls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl dmsdl, prmogmplcdkotk ko cf quk sk rkamkrk lc Glpmtlc Budlof. Cl movkstm`lgm÷o prfpukstl sk gkotrlrì ko gfofgkr g÷df hfs Uydks hk cl gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf rktmkoko tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs, pfr kccf ks lprfpmlhf hkamomr l quk sk hkofdmol rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf. Hygbtwlch, Krmgjsfo y Dfrmsfo (>55555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

>. Uclotkldmkotf y afrduclgm÷o hkc prfnckdl Kxmstko kdprksls ko cls quk cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf gfostmtuyk uol hmamguctlh pfr hmstmotfs dftmvfs. Ko cl lgtulcmhlh, kc íxmtf ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks of hkpkohk sfcldkotk hk cfs prfhugtfs y/f skrvmgmfs quk farkgk, dkrglhfs, lgtmvfs, tkgofcf`äl om smqumkrl hk sus rkgursfs amologmkrfs. Kc vkrhlhkrf íxmtf sk gkotrl ko kc tlckotf budlof. Ks ístk kc quk nrmohl cl pfsmnmcmhlh pfsmnmcmh lh hk grklr hmakrkogmlgm÷o hk uol dlokrl sfstkomnck(Uak sfstkomnck(Uakaakr, aakr, >55) l lamrdl amrdl quk kspkgmlcdkot kspkgmlcdkotk k cl `kokrlgm÷o Y, sk kogukotrl kotusmlsdlhl gfo trlnlilr ko kdprksls gfo bfrlrmfs ackxmncks, f quk utmcmgko kc smstkdl hk tkcktrlnlif, hknmhf l quk olgmkrfo l cl cuz hk cls oukvls tkgofcf`äls y sk cks blgk mdpfsmnck of lhlptlrcls f lhlptlrcls hk dfhf plrgmlc lc ìdnmtf clnfrlc. Dlsg÷ (>5)sfstmkok quk cl gfduomglgm÷o gfostmtuyk uo kik gclvk plrl quk kc cähkr cf mdpckdkotk hkotrf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, gfo kc prfp÷smtf hk dftmvlr l cls pkrsfols hk hmstmotls `kokrlgmfoks.. Ks hkgmr, quk lgtulcdkotk gfoafrdk lc lutfr dkogmfolhf, of kxmstko tkdls `kokrlgmfoks quk of sk pukhlo blnclr ko kc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, puks of rm`k plrl cls oukvls `kokrlgmfoks. Ks dìs, ksf dmsdf prktkohkrìo cf`rlr ko kc ìdnmtf clnfrlc9 pfhkr hmsgutmr gfo cmnkrtlh uol hkgmsm÷o quk gfosmhkrlo moiustl, pclotklr uol mosltmsalggm÷o f smogkrlr uol smtulgm÷o hk kstrís. Dlsg÷ (>5) kcm`k uo gfogkptf plrl hkamomr kstk vlcfr9 cl trlosplrkogml. –Ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk prk`uotl tfhf y quk kxm`k uol rkspukstl plrl tfhf. ] quk ksl rkspukstl skl vkrhlh. Of 8 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

bly tlnùks plrl prk`uotlr. Gfdf pls÷ gfo cl skxulcmhlh, hfohk blo tkomhf quk lomdlrsk l kxpcmglr cf quk of cks kxpcmglrfo l kccfs. Kc –hk ksf of sk blncl— of kxmstk, y ksf dmsdf cf vlo l pkhmr ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks.— fr`lomzlgmfoks.— (p.>2).

Dugbls vkgks sugkhk quk ko uo dmsdf ìdnmtf clnfrlc, l cls trks `kokrlgmfoks sk cks hmamguctl gfovmvmr. Kstf sugkhk pfr hmakrkotks dftmvfs: sk susgmtlo hmstmotfs gfoacmgtfs clnfrlcks kotrk gfdplükrfs, of sk kogukotrlo cf suamgmkotkdkotk dftmvlhfs pfr su cähkr, f of sfo gfdprkohmhfs ko cf quk rkspkgtl l sus okgksmhlhks mohmvmhu mohmvmhulcks, lcks, kotrk ftrfs. Lquä ks gulohf kotrl l iu`lr cl mdpfrtlogml hk lpcmglr uol kstrltk`ml lhkgulhl plrl rktkokr l uo tlckotf. Ufr cf kxpukstf ks quk ur`k kc motkrís hk lolcmzlr cls kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls pfr kc ìrkl hk ^kgursfs Budlofs (^^BB) hk hfs pkquküls y dkhmlols kdprksls hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf (>55>5) plrl rktkokr kspkgäamgldkotk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs. Wm kc prfnckdl, sk hknkräl rksudmr ko uol prk`uotl, skräl cl sm`umkotk9 ¶Guìcks sfo cls vkotlils y alccls hk cls kstrltk`mls hk rktkogm÷o hk Xlckotfs Dmcckoomlcs mdpckdkotlhls ko hfs Uydks hk cl gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf (>55>5)6

7. Fniktmvfs Fniktmvf `kokrlc Mhkotmamglr g÷df rktkokr tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko hfs Uydks hk cl gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf (>55>5).

Fniktmvfs kspkgäamgfs   Hktkrdmolr g÷df sfo lpcmglhls cls kstrltk`m kstrltk`mls ls ko cls hfs kdprksls ko loìcmsms.



  Gfofgkr cl rkclgm÷o kxmstkotk kotrk cls kstrltk`mls kgfo÷dmgls lpcmglhls pfr kc ìrkl



hk ^^BB y cls glplgmtlgmfoks hk cfs kdpcklhfs dmcckoomlcs.   Mhkotma Mhkotmamglr mglr cl sm`omamglog sm`omamglogml ml hk cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs, ko cls hfs pydks ko



loìcmsms.   Lolcmzlr cl moacukogml hk cl vlrmlnck kgfo÷dmgl ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs



hk cls hfs kdprksls ko loìcmsms.

; hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

8. Iustmamglgm÷o Cl prkskotk movkstm`lgm÷o sk gkotr÷ ko hfs pkquküls y dkhmlols kdprksls hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf, gfo kc prfp÷smtf hk gfofgkr guìcks sfo cls vkotlils y alccls hk cls kstrltk`mls hk rktkogm÷o rktkogm÷ o hk tlckotfs Dmcckoomlcs mdpckdkotlhls ko kccl. Ks prkgmsf hkstlglr quk sk trlnli÷ gfo kc ìrkl hk ^kgursfs Budlofs hk ldnls kdprksls, gfo kc fniktmvf hk gfofgkr cls kstrltk`mls mdpckdkotlhls ko kccls y cfs rkgursfs kgfo÷dmgfs movkrtmhfs ko kccls. Ko cl lgtulcmhlh bly kdprksls quk movmkrtko ko tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs, pfr kccf ur`m÷ kc motkrís hk movkstm`lr g÷df sk cckv÷ l glnf hmgbl mdpckdkotlgm÷o, gfo kc fniktmvf hk hkilr lnmkrtf kc gldmof l auturls movkstm`lgmfoks quk gfosmhkrko dkifrlr hmgbls kstrltk`mls hk rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs ko kc ìrkl hk ^^BB.

;. Dlrgf tk÷rmgf ;.< Fr`lomzlgm÷o Ktjmo (>55=)lc lnfrhlr cl hkamomgm÷o hk fr`lomzlgm÷o, lamrdl quk –sk glrlgtkrmzl pfr rkakrmr l plutls hk rkclgm÷o kstlncks quk gfdplrtko mohmvmhufs y `rupfs, y quk cks pkrdmtko rklcmzlr uo ksaukrzf gffrhmolhf, luo gulohf kc gfotkxtf gldnmlotk tldnmío rkqumkrl uol lhlptlgm÷o ko su rudnf— (p.80). Ulrl kc lutfr dkogmfolhf, sfo tlo mdpfrtlotks cfs fniktmvfs gfdplrtmhfs

gfdf cls gfohmgmfoks hk kxmstkogml hkc smstkdl, hknmhf l quk kxprksl quk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o gfostmtuyk uo hfnck motkotf hk nrmohlrck lutfofdäl lc smstkdl y tldnmío hk pkrdmtmr su lhkgulgm÷o l cfs gldnmfs ldnmkotlck ldnmkotlcks, s, smo pkrhkr mhkotmhlh. Ks pkrtmokotk gfosmhkrlr quk hmvkrsfs algtfrks moacuyko ko uol fr`lomzlgm÷o, ko kc motkrmfr hk uol sfgmkhlh y su lhdmomstrlgm÷o hknk rkspfohkr l kccfs. Ktjmo (>55=) lamrdl quk glhl fr`lomzlgm÷o hknk rkspfohkr l cls okgksmhlhks hk sus gcmkotks, prksmfoks ck`lcks y pfcätmgls y l gldnmfs kgfo÷dmgfs y tkgofc÷`mgfs. Cls gmrguostlogmls kgfo÷dmgls y hk dkrglhf y cls moofvlgmfoks tkgofc÷`mgls prfpmgmlo kc ldnmkotk hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o, hkc dmsdf dfhf quk cls ck`msclgmfoks olgmfolcks k motkrolgmfolcks, gfohmgmfoks pfcätmgls, sfgmlcks y cls gfohmgmfoks gucturlcks kxtkrols l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Ko su gfoiuotf, kstfs gfdpfokotks moacuyko ko kc auogmfoldmkotf hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o, y cl dlokrl ko quk kstl sk kstrugturl. Cl oukvl kgfofdäl `cfnlc fncm`l l mogfrpfrlr oukvls tígomgls hk lhdmomstrlgm÷o quk dugbls vkgks `kokrlo vkrhlhkrls rkvfcugmfoks: kc gldnmf of ks suamgmkotk ko cl lgtulcmhlh. Kstl smtulgm÷o fncm`l l cfs hmrkgtmvfs hk cls fr`lomzlgmfoks l rklcmzlr prfgksfs hk gldnmf pcloklhf, quk ks kc ksaukrzf smstkdìtmgf plrl rkhmskülr uol fr`lomzlgm÷o hk tlc dlokrl quk

1 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

ck pkrdmtl lhlptlrsk l cfs gldnmfs hkc kotfrof f plrl pfhkr cf`rlr oukvfs fniktmvfs, pfr kikdpcf gkotrìohfsk ko cl mdpfrtlogml quk tmkok kc glpmtlc budlof. Ks lprfpmlhf dkogmfolr y sm`umkohf l Ktjmo (>55=) quk tfhls cls fr`lomzlgmfoks tmkoko quk lprkohkr l moofvlr, pkrf cl moofvlgm÷o hknk pcloklrsk y fr`lomzlrsk gfdf uo prfgksf smstkdìtmgf hk prìgtmgl gfotmoul. Kstf mdpcmgl lnlohfolr cf gfofgmhf y vfcvkr l momgmlr kc prfgksf hkshk kc prmogmpmf prmogmpmf.. Ufr cf tlotf, plrl Ktjmo (>55=), cls fr`lomzlgmfoks frmkotlhls lc lprkohmzlik sfo lqukccls ko cls gulcks9   Kc lprkohmzlik sk p prfhugk rfhugk ko kc dfdkotf fpfrtuof9 prkví cfs hkslaäfs y ldkolzls y



hktkgtl cls fpfrtuomhlh fpfrtuomhlhks. ks.   Kc lprkohmzlik ks `kokrlhfr hk ackxmnmcmh ackxmnmcmhlh lh y l`mcmhlh.



  Wus motk`rlotks sk pkrgmnko l sä dmsdfs gfdf glplgks hk `kokrlr oukvls afrdls hk



fntkokr cfs rksuctlhfs kspkrlhfs.

;.> Gucturl Fr`lomzlgmfolc Gulohf sk blncl hk gucturl fr`lomzlgmfolc, ^fnnmos (>558) sfstmkok quk ks kc gfoiuotf hk skotmdmkotfs, lgtmtuhks, bìnmtfs, grkkogmls, vlcfrks, trlhmgmfoks, pkrgkpgmfoks y afrdls hk motkrlggm÷o hkotrf y kotrk cfs `rupfs kxmstkotks ko tfhls cls fr`lomzlgmfoks. Cl gucturl fr`lomzltmvl pukhk algmcmtlr cl mdpckdkotlgm÷o hk cl kstrltk`ml sm kxmstk uol aukrtk gfbkrkogml kotrk ldnls f, pfr kc gfotrlrmf, mdpkhmr f rktrlslr su pukstl ko prìgtmgl. Wm sk lgkptl cl prkdmsl hk quk cl kstrltk`ml kdprkslrmlc, lhkdìs hk gfohugmr l cl kdprksl blgml cl rklcmzlgm÷o hk hktkrdmolhfs fniktmvf kgfo÷dmgfs, ck smrvk hk `uäl ko su gfostlotk nùsqukhl plrl dkifrlr su auogmfoldmkotf, sk pukhk lamrdlr, pfr gfosm`umkotk, quk cl gucturl pukhk moacumr, y hk bkgbf moacuyk, sfnrk cfs rksuctlhfs hk cl lgtmvmhlh hk cl kdprksl. ^fnnmos (>558) tldnmío kxprksl quk sk pukhk gfosmhkrlr gfdf kckdkotfs nìsmgfs hk cl hkamomgm÷o hk gucturl fr`lomzltmvl, fr`lomzltmv l, cfs sm`umkotks9  ‗ Gfoiuotf hk vlcfrks y grkkogmls kskogmlcks9 Cfs vlcfrks sfo lamrdlgmfoks lgkrgl hk cf quk

kstì nmko f dlc hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o. Grkkogml ks cl pkrgkpgm÷o hk cls pkrsfols kotrk uol lggm÷o y sus gfoskgukogmls. Qlcfrks y grkkogmls sk gfogrktlo pfr dkhmf hk ofrdls, guyf plpkc ks kspkgmamglr kc gfdpfrtldmkotf kspkrlhf.

0 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

 ‗  Cl gucturl gfdplrtmhl9 Of ks suamgmkotk gfo quk kxmstlo vlcfrks y grkkogmls l tätucf

mohmvmhulc, hknko skr vlcfrks y grkkogmls sfstkomhfs pfr uol dlyfräl hk cfs dmkdnrfs hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o.  ‗  Mdl`ko motk`rlhl9 Ks cl gfoam`urlgm÷o hk cl mhkotmhlh hk cl kdprksl. Cl mhkotmhlh

prfpfrgmfol gfotmoumhlh ko kc tmkdpf, gfbkrkogml l pkslr hk cl hmvkrsmhlh, kspkgmamgmhlh arkotk lc kxtkrmfr y pkrdmtk l sus dmkdnrfs mhkotmamglrsk gfo kccl.  ‗  Ako÷dkof pkrsmstkotk9 Ks rksmstkotk lc gldnmf. Kstl mokrgml sfgmlc pukhk tkokr

mdpcmglgmfoks tlotf pfsmtmvls gfdf ok`ltmvls. Of fnstlotk, cl gucturl fr`lomzltmvl kvfcugmfol gfostlotkdkotk. -Glrlgtkrästmgls hmakrkogmlhfrls9 Kxmstko gmkrtls glrlgtkrästmgls gclvk hk lgukrhf gfo cls gulcks cls gucturls sk hmakrkogmlo uol hk ftrls, kotrk cl gulcks pfhkdfs hkstlglr cls sm`umkotks (^fnnmos, >558)9  

Momgmltmvl Momgmltm vl mohmvmhulc9 Kc `rlhf hk rkspfoslnmcmhlh, cmnkrtlh k mohkpkohkogml quk tmkoko cfs mohmvmhu mohmvmhufs. fs.

 

Xfckrlogml Xfckrlog ml hkc rmks`f9 Kc `rlhf ko kc quk cfs kdpcklhfs sfo lomdlhfs l skr l`rksmvfs, moofvlhfrks y l lsudmr rmks`fs.

 

Gfotrfc9 Oùdkrf hk rk`cls y glotmhlh hk supkrvmsm÷o hmrkgtl quk sk usl plrl gfotrfclr kc gfdpfrtldmkotf hk cfs kdpcklhfs.

 

Mhkotmhlh k motk`rlgm÷o9 @rlhf ko quk cfs dmkdnrfs sk mhkotmamglo gfo cl fr`lomzlgm÷o gfdf uo tfhf dìs quk gfo su plrtmguclr `rupf hk trlnlif f gldpf hk kxpkrmkogml prfaksmfolc y ko kc quk cls uomhlhks fr`lomzltmvls sfo lomdlhls l auogmfolr hk uol dlokrl gffrhmolhl.

 

Wmstkdl hk mogkotmvfs9 mogkotmvfs9 Kc `rlhf ko kc quk cfs mogkotmvfs (ludko (ludkotfs tfs hk slclrmf, prfdfgmfoks, ktg.) sk nlslo ko grmtkrmfs hk rkohmdmkotf hkc kdpcklhf arkotk l grmtkrmfs tlcks gfdf cl lotm`ókhlh, kc alvfrmtmsdf, a lvfrmtmsdf, ktg.

 

Xfckrlogml Xfckrlog ml hkc gfoacmgtf9 Kc `rlhf ko kc quk cfs kdpcklhfs sfo lomdlhfs l lmrklr cfs gfoacmgtfs y cls grätmgls hk afrdl lnmkrtl.

 

Dfhkcf hk gfduomglgm gfduomglgm÷o9 ÷o9 Kc `rlhf ko kc quk cls gfduomglgmfoks fr`lomzltmvls kstìo rkstrmo`mhls l cl ikrlrquäl afrdlc hk lutfrmhlh lutfrmhlh..

2 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Ks kotfogks quk sk cck`l l cl gfogcusm÷o hk quk plrl quk cl gucturl fr`lomzlgmfolc, pfskl uol aukrtk mdprfotl ko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, ks okgkslrmf quk kxmstl uo cmhkrlz`f amrdk y s÷cmhf quk tldnmío mogmhmrì ko kc hkskdpküf clnfrlc. Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl (>5555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Cfs motlo`mncks sfo cfs sm`umkotks9 - Ksqukdls hk pfhkr9 vkrtmglc u bfrmzfotlc. - Xmpfs hk cmhkrlz`f9 plrtmgm plrtmgmpltmvf pltmvf f lutfrmtlrmf (kotrk ftrfs). - Cko`ulik9 gfcfqumlc f afrdlc. - Kstmcfs hk rkclgm÷o9 kspfotìokf kspfotìokfss f kstrugturlhf kstrugturlhfs. s. -Glolcks hk gfduomglgm÷o9 uomhmrkggmfolcks f ductmhmrkggmfolcks. Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl (>5.< Gucturl fr`lomzlgmfolc y gldnmf gucturlc Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl (>55— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Cfs lutfrks dkogmfolhfs ko kstk pìrrlaf sfstmkoko quk cl rksmstkogml lc gldnmf ks lqukccl mdpfsmnmcmhlh hk lhlptlgm÷o, mobkrkotk l gulcqumkr kspkgmk y quk sk rkclgmfol gfo kc mostmotf hk prkskrvlgm÷o, yl quk mdpcmgl hkilr ltrìs cf gfofgmhf y utmcmzlnck, plrl rkclgmfolrsk gfo cf hksgfofgmhf blstl ksk dfdkotf. Cl rksmstkogml ks aäsmgl, psmgfc÷`mgl, psmgfc÷`mgl, pkrf tldnmío gucturlc. Kc gldnmf fr`lomzl fr`lomzlgmfolc gmfolc `kokrlcdkotk koarkotl hfs ktlpls9 -Cl prmdkrl gfosmstk ko afrzlr cl mokrgml lgtulc plrl motkrrudpmr cf quk vkoäl hìohfsk. -Cl sk`uohl, ko mogfrpfrlr kc oukvf ksgkolrmf y aldmcmlrmzlrcf gfo cl `kotk. Ko cl prmdkrl ktlpl, sk hknkrì hlr l gfofgkr cls rlzfoks quk iustmamglo cl slcmhl slcmhl hk uo kqumcmnrmf gfofgmhf y kc gldmof l rkgfrrkr ko cl nùsqukhl hk uof oukvf. Cls pkrsfols okgksmtlo rlzfoks plrl gfdprkohkr cl rklcmhlh. Xmkoko quk gfdprkohkr l afohf cfs dftmvfs plrl rklcmzlr kstk gldnmf. Ko cl sk`uohl ktlpl sk mostlurlo cfs prfgksfs hk lprkohmzlik y kc rfc hk cähkr ks prkpfohkrlotk plrl pfhkr cckvlrcfs lhkclotk. Íc sk trlosafrdlrì ko cl pmkzl gclvk plrl pfhkr mdpckdkotlr kc gldnmf hksklhf, l trlvís hk uo prfgksf hk skosmnmcmzlgm÷o prf`rksmvf. Wu lgtulgm÷o skrì cl hk uo ko`rlolik quk dfvkrì kc rkstf hkc smstkdl. smstkdl. (Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo Dfrck`lo,, y Lylcl, >555>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

g) L trlvís hkc cmhkrlz`f Kc cähkr ks cl am`url quk blgk y trlosaf trlosafrdl rdl cl gucturl tfhfs cfs häls. Kc `rlo hkslaäf hmlrmf ks quk cfs kstmcfs hk cmhkrlz`f sfo trlosvkrslcks l cfs ksqukdls gucturlcks hk cls fr`lomzlgmfoks, gfo cf gulc cl lpcmglgm÷o hk uo hktkrdmolhf kstmcf hk cmhkrlz`f hknk okutrlcmzlr cl mokrgml gucturlc plrl pfhkr skr kakgtmvf. Kstf mdpcmgl dfhmamglr gfdpfrtldmkot gfdpfrtldmkotfs fs y lhlptlr cl gucturl. Ko amo, sm nmko ks duy hmaägmc gldnmlr cl gucturl hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, hknk gfdprkohkrsk quk kc gldnmf ks okgkslrmf, puks sm cl gucturl of gldnml, cl fr`lomzlgm÷o of sfnrkvmvk l cfs oukvfs ksgkolrmfs. Ulrl quk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o pukhl grkgkr, cl gucturl hknkrì mr lhlptìohfsk k mohkakgtmnckdkotk mohkakgtmnckdk otk hknkrì gldnmlr.

;.>.> Kstrugturl fr`lom fr`lomzlgmfolc zlgmfolc Cfs hmsküfs kstrugturlcks nrmohlo dlyfr dlyfr lpfyf y aalgmcmtlo lgmcmtlo l cfs kdpcklhfs, cl tlrkl hk cckvlr l glnf kc trlnlif hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Kc prfgksf hk fr`lomzlgm÷o sk gfogkptulcmzl gfdf cl grklgm÷o hk cl kstrugturl hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o (Wgbvlrstkmo, >55;). Ksk prfgksf ks mdpfrtlotk y gudpck dugbfs prfp÷smtfs. Kc rktf plrl cfs `krkotks gfosmstk ko hmskülr uol kstrugturl fr`lomzlgmfolc quk pkrdmtl l cfs kdpcklhfs rklcmzlr su trlnlif gfo kamglgml y kamgmkogml, lcglozlohf lc dmsdf tmkdpf cls dktls y fniktmvfs hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷ fr`lomzlgm÷o. o.

[ol kstrugtur kstrugturl l

fr`lomzlgmfolc ks kc dlrgf afrdlc dkhmlotk kc gulc cls tlrkls sk hmvmhko, l`ruplo y gffrhmolo. Gulohf cfs `krkotks hkslrrfcclo f dfhmamglo cl kstrugturl hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o, kstìo lpcmglohf ko rklcmhlh kc hmsküf fr`lomzlgmfolc, uo prfgksf quk mdpcmgl tfdlr hkgmsmfoks lgkrgl hk skms kckdkotfs gclvk9 kspkgmlcmzl kspkgmlcmzlgm÷o gm÷o hkc ttrlnlif, rlnlif, hkplrtldkot hkplrtldkotlcmzlgm÷o, lcmzlgm÷o, glhkol hk dlohf, ldpcmtuh hk gfotrfc, gkotrlcmz gkotrlcmzlgm÷o lgm÷o y hksgkotrlcmzl hksgkotrlcmzlgm÷o, gm÷o, y afrdlcmzlgm÷ afrdlcmzlgm÷o. o. [ol kstrugturl fr`lomzlgmfolc hknk skrvmr plrl cf`rlr cfs fniktmvfs fr`lomzlgmfolcks y plrl rk`uclr kc gfdpfrtldmkotf hk cls pkrsfols, mdpfomkohf l cfs mohmvmhufs uol lhlptlgm÷o l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Cl kstrugturl ks kc dkhmf pfr kc gulc sk kikrgk kc pfhkr, sk tfdlo hkgmsmfoks y sk cckvlo l glnf cls lgtmvmhlhks hk cls fr`lomzlgmfoks. Of tfhls cls fr`lomzlgmfoks kstìo kstrugturlhls kxlgtldkotk hk cl dmsdl afrdl. Cf quk auogmfol nmko ko uol fr`lomzlgm÷o pukhk of hlr rksuctlhf ko ftrl. Cl dlyfräl hk cls fr`lomzlgmfoks dkhmtl dugbf lotks hk hmskülr uol kstrugtur kstrugturl l lprfpmlhl. Cl kckggm÷o hk uo smstkdl kstrugturlc smkdprk hkpkohkrì hkc kstuhmf y kc loìcmsms hk hmvkrsls vlrmlncks hkc kotfrof (Wgbvlrstkmo, >55;). Ks prkgmsf skülclr quk uo kotfrof pukhk skr kstlnck f mokstlnck, cfs fniktmvfs y kstrltk`mls amilhls pfr cl `krkogml `kokrlc hk uol kdprksl pukhko blgkr bmoglpmí ko cl kamglgml y hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

kamgmkogml motkrol f ko cl lhlptlgm÷o l cfs dkrglhfs kxtkrofs, cls tkgofcf`äls hk prfhuggm÷o pukhko skr rutmolrmls f of rutmolrmls, y kc tldlüf hk uol kdprksl pukhk skr pkqukül, dkhmlol f `rlohk (Dmotznkr`, 5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

glpätucf, of tfhf ks lrdfoäl ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks, hknmhf l quk `kokrlcdkotk kxmstko hmvkr`kogmls y fpfsmgmfoks motkrols. Kstf hmrkgtldkotk tmkok quk vkr gfo cfs prfgksfs hk gldnmfs, fgurrmkohf hkotrf hk cfs cädmtks quk blgko vmlncks l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o pfrquk ko plclnrls hk Ktjmo (>55=) –cl hmoldmzlo, pkrf of cl hkstruyko—. 

;.7

Ukquküls y dkhmlols kdprksls (U]DKW)

Gckrm (>5=.555 sk grklrfo ko cfs ùctmdfs hmkz lüfs, quk rkprkskotlo kc 15% hkc kdpckf y kc 8;% hk cls vkotls tftlcks. (Dmomstkrmf hk Hkslrrfccf Urfhugtmvf hk cl ^kpùncmgl Lr`kotmol, >555— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

pclsdlrfo l trlvís hk cl Cky O¹ >;.755, guyf fniktmvf gfosmstk ko lcglozlr uo ÷ptmdf omvkc hk gfdpktmtmvmhlh gfdpktmtmvmh lh kotrk cls dmsdls, gfoafrdk cf kstmpucl kc Dmomstkrmf hk Kgfofdäl hk cl Olgm÷o. Wk`ùo cf hmspukstf pfr kc Lrtägucf . Gclsmamglgm÷o hk cl Gfdmsm÷o Olgmfolc hk Qlcfrks (GOQ) plrl fpkrlgmfoks hk U yDK s ko kc D Dkrglhf krglhfss hk gl glpmtl pmtlck ckss   Wkgtfr Xldlüf

L`rfpkgulrmf

Mohustrml y Dmokräl

Gfdkrgmf

Wkrvmgmfs

Gfduomglgm÷o

U]DK

>75.555.555

015.555.555

=55.555.555

>;5.555.555

715.555.555

Aukotk9 Gfdmsm÷o Olgmfolc hk Qlcfrks (GOQ).

;.7.> Glotmhlh hk kdpckf quk nrmohlo Ks prkgmsf skülclr quk ko Lr`kotmol, cl ^ksfcugm÷o hkc Dmomstkrmf hk Kgfofdäl >555>) gulohf blncl hk tlckotf budlof, blgk rkakrkogml l uo gfoiuotf afrdlhf pfr cl glplgmhlh hk cfs motk`rlotks hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, sudlhf l cl kstrugturl fr`lomzlgmfolc, ldnmkotk clnfrlc, cl tkgofcf`äl utmcmzlhl y hkdìs algtfrks, puks tfhfs kstfs algtfrks kstìo gfogltkolh gfogltkolhfs. fs. Gbmlvkoltf (>55>) lamrdl quk ko cl kdprksl, tfhfs cfs motk`rlotks sfo vlcmfsfs plslohf l skr sfgmfs hk cl dmsdl, hknmhf l quk tfhfs hk dlokrl hmrkgtl f mohmrkgtl tmkoko motkrís ko kc grkgmdmkotf hkc ok`fgmf9 Xfhf prfgksf prfhugtmvf sk rklcmzl gfo cl plrtmgmplgm÷o gfoiuotl hk hmvkrsfs sfgmfs. Glhl uof hk cfs gulcks gfotrmnuyk gfo lc`ùo rkgursf. Cfs prfvkkhfrks gfotrmnuyko gfo dltkrmls prmdls, mosudfs y tkgofcf`äl. Cfs lggmfomstls k movkrsmfomstls gfotrmnuyko gfo nìsmgfs, glpmtlc kskrvmgmfs movkrsmfoks quk gfostmtuyko kc lpfrtk amologmkrf plrl lhqumrmr rkgursfs: cfs kdpcklhfs gfotrmnuyko gfo gfofgmdmkotfs, glplgmhlhks y blnmcmhlhks plrl tfdl hk hkgmsmfoks y kckggm÷o hk lctkroltmvls quk hmoldmgko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o: cfs gcmkotks y cfs gfosudmhfrks gfotrmnuyko lhqumrmkohf cfs nmkoks f skrvmgmfs gfcfglhfs ko kc dkrglhf: cfs sfgmfs hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o gfotrmnuyko gfo lc`f kspkrlohf fntkokr uo rktfrof pfr su movkrsm÷o. Cls lcmlozls kstrltí`mgls gfostmtuyko dkhmfs l trlvís hk cfs gulcks cl fr`lomzlgm÷o fntmkok oukvfs sfgmfs plrl afrtlckgkr y gfosfcmhlr gfosfcmhlr sus ok`fgmfs y ldpcm ldpcmlr lr arfotkrls. (Gbmlvko (Gbmlvkoltf, ltf, >55>, p.;). Ulrl Gbmlvkoltf (>55>), kc sfgmf dìs äotmdf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o ks kc kdpcklhf, puks sk kogukotrl hkotrf hk kccl y ck hl vmhl y hmoldmsdf.

55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Cuk`f sk kogukotrlo cfs hkdìs sfgmfs hk cl Fr`lomzlgm÷o, gfotrmnugm÷o y kspkrlo rktfrofs hk9 -Lggmfomstls k movkrsmfomstls (glpmtlc hk rmks`f k movkrsmfoks) (@lologmls y hmvmhkohfs, vlcfr l`rk`lhf). -Kdpcklhfs (trlnlif, ksaukrzf, gfofgmdmkotfs y blnmcmhlhks) (Wlclrmfs nkokamgmfs, rktrmnugmfoks y sltmsalggmfok sltmsalggmfoks). s). -Urfvkkhfrks (Dltkrmls prmdls, skrvmgmfs, mosudfs nìsmgfs, tkgofcf`äl), Gcmkotks y gfosudmhfrks (Gfdprls y lhqumsmgm÷o hk nmkoks y skrvmgmfs) (@lologmls y oukvfs ok`fgmfs). -Gcmkotks y Gfosudmhfrks (Gfdprl y lhqumsmgm÷o hk nmkoks y skrvmgmfs) (glcmhlh, prkgmf, sltmsalggm÷o, vlcfr l`rk`lhf). Cls pkrsfols pukhko skr vmstls gfdf sfgmls hk cls fr`lomzlgmfoks. Gfdf tlcks, sfo prfvkkhfrls hk gfofgmdmkotfs, blnmcmhlhks, glplgmhlhks mohmspkoslncks y sfnrk tfhf, hkc dìs mdpfrtlotk lpfrtk l cls fr`lomzlgmfoks9 cl motkcm`kogml, quk pkrdmtk tfdlr hkgmsmfoks rlgmfolcks k mdprmdk sm`omamglhf y rudnf l cfs fniktmvfs `kokrlcks. Ko gfoskgukogml cls pkrsfols gfostmtuyko kc glpmtlc motkckgtulc hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Cls fr`lomzlgmfoks kxmtfsls hksgunrmkohf kstf, trltlo l sus dmkdnrfs gfdf sfgmfs hkc ok`fgmf y of gfdf smdpcks kdpcklhfs.

 Lspkgtfs auohldkotlcks auohldkotlcks hk cl `kstm÷o `kstm÷o dfhkrol h hk k pkrsfols Ulrl Gbmlvkoltf, cl `kstm÷o hkc tlckotf budlof sk sustkotl ko trks lspkgtfs auohldkotlcks9 . Lgtmvlhfrks motkcm`kotks hk cfs rkgursfs fr`lomzlgmfolcks9 Cls pkrsfols sfo aukotk hk mdpucsf prfpmf quk hmoldmzlo cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, y of l`kotks plsmvfs, mokrtks y kstìtmgfs. 7 Wfgmfs hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o9 Movmkrtko ko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o ksaukrzf, hkhmglgm÷o, rkspfoslnmcmhlh, gfdprfdmsf, rmks`fs, kotrk ftrfs, gfo cl kspkrlozl hk rkgmnmr rktfrofs hk kstls movkrsmfoks9 slclrmfs, mogkotmvfs amologmkrfs, grkgmdmkotf prfaksmfolc, glrrkrl, kotrk ftrfs. Gulcqumkr movkrsm÷o sfcf sk iustmamgl gulohf trlk uo rktfrof rlzfolnck.

55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Ks Gbmlvkoltf (>55>) qumío sfstmkok quk ks smdpck hk rkgfofgkr guìohf uol fr`lomzlgm÷o of prmfrmzl l cls pkrsfols gfdf glpmtlc budlof, smof gfdf –rkgursfs—. Ko kstk glsf , sk

rkgfofgk pfr cls sm`umkotks glrlgtkräs glrlgtkrästmgls9 tmgls9 -Cfs kdpcklhfs sfo lmsclhfs ko cfs glr`fs -Cfs kdpcklhfs of rkgmnko dftmvlgm÷o lc`uol -Cfs bfrlrmfs sfo kstlnckgmhfs gfo rm`mhkz -Kc cmhkrlz`f kikrgmhf blgml cfs kdpcklhfs ks vkrtmglc -Kxmstk prkfguplgm÷o pfr cls ofrdls y rk`cls -Kxmstk uol rä`mhl sunfrhmolgm÷o lc ikak -Lcmoklgm÷o ko rkclgm÷o gfo cl fr`lomzlgm÷o -Hkpkohkogml -Hkpkohkogm l hk cl ikalturl

Ufr gfotrlrmf, kc dmsdf lutfr lamrdl quk gulohf sk gfosmhkrl lc kdpcklhf gfdf sfgmf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, fr`lomzlgm ÷o, sk pukhko rkgfofgkr ko íc, cls sm`umkotks glrlgtkrästm glrlgtkrästmgls9 gls9 -Gfclnfrlhfrks l`ruplhfs ko kqumpfs -Dktls ok`fgmlhls y gfdplrtmhls -Urkfguplgm÷o pfr cfs rksuctlhfs -Ltkogm÷o y sltmsalggm÷o hkc gcmkotk -Qmoguclgm÷o l cl dmsm÷o y l cl vmsm÷o -Motkrhkpkohkogml -Motkrhkpkohkog ml kotrk gfck`ls y kqumpf -Ulrtmgmplgm÷o y gfdprfdmsf -Íoalsms ko cl ítmgl y cl rkspfoslnmcmhlh -Urfvkkhfrks hk lgtmvmhlhks -Íoalsms ko kc gfofgmdmko gfofgmdmkotf tf -Motkcm`kogml y tlckotf >5 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Ks hkgmr quk kxmstk uol mdpfrtlotk hmakrkogml gulohf uol kdprksl rkgfofgk lc trlnlilhfr gfdf –dkrf rkgursf— f gfdf –sfgmf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o—. Gulohf lc kdpcklhf sk ck rkgfofgk

kc tlckotf, ks quk sk cf kstì gfosmhkrlohf uo sfgmf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o y of uo smdpck rkgursf. Cl Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk ^kgursfs Budlofs(L^B) ks uol auogm÷o lhdmomstrltmvl hkhmglhl l cl lhqumsmgm÷o, kotrkoldmkotf, kvlculgm÷o y rkduokrlgm÷o hk cfs kdpcklhfs. Ko gmkrtf skotmhf, tfhfs cfs `krkotks sfo `krkotks hk pkrsfols pfrquk kstìo movfcugrlhfs ko lgtmvmhlhks gfdf rkgcutldmkotf, kotrkvmstls, skckggm÷o, kotrkoldmkotf y gfohuggm÷o gfohuggm÷o.. Gbmlvkoltf (>55>) lamrdl quk hurlotk híglhls kxmstm÷ cl grkkogml `kokrlcmzlhl hk quk kc fnstìgucf plrl kc hkslrrfccf hk cl mohustrml krl kc glpmtlc. Wmo kdnlr`f, cl moglplgmhlh hk uol kdprksl plrl rkgcutlr y dlotkokr uol aukrzl clnfrlc ks kc prmogmplc fnstìgucf plrl cl prfhuggm÷o. Of kxmstk omo`ùo prfykgtf nlslhf ko nukols mhkls, pukstf ko dlrgbl gfo vm`fr y kotusmlsdf, quk blyl smhf motkrrudpmhf pfr alctl hk kakgtmvf f rkgursfs amologmkrf amologmkrfs. s. Gfo rkspkgtf l cfs fniktmvfs hk cl `kstm÷o hkc tlckotf budlof, Gbmlvkoltf (>55>) kxprksl quk cls pkrsfols gfostmtuyko kc prmogmplc lgtmvf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Cls fr`lomzlgmfoks kxmtfsls pkrgmnko quk sfcf pukhko grkgkr, prfspkrlr y dlotkokr su gfotmoumhlh sm sfo glplgks hk fptmdmzlr kc rktfrof sfnrk cls movkrsmfoks hk tfhfs cfs sfgmfs, ko kspkgmlc hk cfs kdpcklhfs. Cl `kstm÷o hkc tlckotf budlof ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks ks cl auogm÷o quk pkrdmtk cl gfclnfrlgm÷o kamglz hk cls pkrsfols (kdpcklhfs, auogmfolrmfs auogmfolrmfs,, rkgursfs budlofs f gulcqumkr hkofdmolgm÷o utmcmzlhl) plrl lcglozlr cfs fniktmvfs fr`lomzlgmfolcks k mohmvmhulcks. Ks hkgmr, cls pkrsfols pukhko ludkotlr f hmsdmoumr cls afrtlckzls y hknmcmhlhks hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o hkpkohmkohf hk cl dlokrl gfdf sk trltk. Ulrl Gbmlvkoltf (>55>), cl lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk ^kgursfs Budlofs (L^B) hknk gfotrmnumr l cl kamglgml fr`lomzlgmfolc l trlvís hk cfs sm`umkotks dkhmfs9 . Urfpfrgmfolr gfdpktmtmvmhlh l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o9 kstf sm`omamgl slnkr kdpcklr cls blnmcmhlhks y cl glplgmhlh hk cl aukrzl clnfrlc. 7. Wudmomstrlr l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o kdpcklhfs nmko kotrkolhfs y dftmvlhfs9 Hlr rkgfofgmdmkotf l cls pkrsfols y of sfcf hmokrf gfostmtuyk kc kckdkotf nìsmgf hk cl dftmvlgm÷o budlol. Ulrl dkifrlr kc hkskdpküf, cls pkrsfols hknko pkrgmnmr iustmgml ko cls rkgfdpkosls quk rkgmnko. ^kgfdpkoslr cfs nukofs rksuctlhfs y of rkgfdpkoslr l cls pkrsfols quk of tmkoko uo nuko hkskdpküf, cfs fniktmvfs hknko skr gclrfs, lsä gfdf kc dítfhf plrl dkhmrcfs. >< hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

8. Ukrdmtmr kc ludkotf hk cl lutfrrklcmzlgm÷o y cl sltmsalggm÷o hk cfs kdpcklhfs ko kc trlnlif9 cfs kdpcklhfs sltmsakgbfs of okgkslrmldkotk sfo cfs dìs prfhugtmvfs, pkrf cfs kdpcklhfs mosltmsakgbfs tmkohko l hkscm`lrsk hk cl kdprksl, sk luskotlo gfo arkgukogml y of tmkoko uol nukol prfhugtmvmhlh. Kc bkgbf hk skotmrsk akcmgks ko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o y sltmsakgbfs ko kc trlnlif hktkrdmol ko `rlo dkhmhl kc íxmtf fr`lomzlgmfolc. ;. Hkslrrfcclr y dlotkokr cl glcmhlh hk vmhl ko kc trlnlif9 Glcmhlh hk vmhl ko kc trlnlif (GQX) ks uo gfogkptf quk sk rkamkrk l cfs lspkgtfs hk cl kxpkrmkogml hk trlnlif, gfdf kstmcf hk `krkogml, cmnkrtlh y lutfofdäl plrl tfdlr hkgmsmfoks, ldnmkotk hk trlnlif l`rlhlnck, sk`urmhlh ko kc kdpckf, bfrls lhkgulhls hk trlnlif y tlrkls sm`omamgltmvls, gfo kc fniktmvf hk gfovkrtmr cl kdprksl ko uo cu`lr ltrlgtmvf y hksklnck. 1. Lhdmomstrlr kc gldnmf9 Ko cls ùctmdls híglhls bunf uo pkrmfhf trlsgkohkotk hk gldnmfs sfgmlcks, tkgofc÷`mgfs, kgfo÷dmgfs, gucturlcks y pfcätmgfs. Kstfs gldnmfs y tkohkogmls `kokrlrfo oukvls tkohkogmls y oukvfs koafquks dìs ackxmncks y ì`mcks, quk sk hknko utmcmzlr plrl `lrlotmzlr cl supkrvmv supkrvmvkogml kogml hk cls fr`lomzlgmf fr`lomzlgmfoks. oks. 0. Kstlnckgkr pfcätmgls ítmgls y hkslrrfcclr gfdpfrtldmkotfs sfgmlcdkotk rkspfoslncks9 tlotf cls pkrsfols gfdf cls fr`lomzlgmfoks hknko sk`umr pltrfoks ítmgfs y hk rkspfoslnmcmhlh sfgmlc. Cl rkspfoslnmcmhlh sfgmlc of sfcf ks uol kxm`kogml plrl cls fr`lomzlgmfoks smof tldnmío, y ko kspkgmlc plrl cls pkrsfols quk trlnlilo lccä. Mohkpkohmkotkdkotk hkc glr`f quk pfskl hkotrf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o glhl lhdmomstrlhfr hkskdpkül ko su trlnlif cls gultrf auogmfoks lhdmomstrltmvls quk gfostmtuyko kc prfgksf lhdmomstrltmvf9 lhdmomstrltmv f9 pcloklr, fr`lomzlr, hmrm`mr y gfotrfclr. Ks Gbmlvkoltf (>55>), qumío sfstmkok quk cl L^B sk kogukotrl rkclgmfolhl gfo kstls auogmfoks hkc lhdmomstrlhfr puks sk rkamkrk l cls pfcätmgls y prìgtmgls okgkslrmls plrl lhdmomstrlr kc trlnlif hk cl pkrsfols, l slnkr9 . Hmsküf hk glr`fs 7. ^kgcutldmkotf y skckggm÷o hk pkrsfolc 8. Gfotrltlgm÷o Gfotrltlgm÷o hk glohmhltfs skckggmfolhfs ;. Frmkotlgm÷o k motk`rlgm÷o (mohuggm÷o (mohuggm÷o)) hk oukvfs auogmfolrmfs 1. Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk glr`fs y slclrmfs >> hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

0. Mogkotmvfs slclrmlcks y nkokamgmfs sfgmlcks 2. Kvlculgm÷o hkc hkskdpküf hk cfs kdpcklhfs =. Gfduomglgm÷o gfo cfs kdpcklhfs 55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

pkrsfols y vkrmamglr rksuctlhfs. Mogcuyk nlsk hk hltfs y smstkdls hk moafrdlgm÷o `krkogmlcks. Kstfs prfgksfs sk hmskülo sk`ùo cls moacukogmls ldnmkotlcks kxtkrols y cls moacukogmls fr`lomzlgmfolcks fr`lomzlgm folcks motkrols plrl cf`rlr dlyfr gfdpltmnmcmh gfdpltmnmcmhlh lh kotrk sä.

;.; Motkr`kokrlgm÷o clnfrlc Kxmstko hmakrkotks hmakrkotk s `kokrlgmfoks quk gfovmvko ko uol kdprksl. Wm nmko cl `kokrlgm÷o quk ltlük kc prkskotk trlnlif (cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc) skrì trltlhl ko kc pr÷xmdf sun-lplrtlhf, ks pkrtmokotk hksgrmnmr cls glrlgtkrästmgls hk cls hmstmotls `kokrlgmfoks quk afrdlo plrtk hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o. Ko prmdkr cu`lr, ks rkckvlotk hkamomr quí sk kotmkohk pfr `rupf `kokrlgmfolc. Wk`ùo F`` y Nfovlckt (>551), sk trltl hk –uo `rupf hk khlh quk gfdplrtk l cf clr`f hk su bmstfrml uo gfoiuotf hk kxpkrmkogmls afrdltmvls quk cfs hmstmo`uko hk sus prkhkgksfrks—.   (p.>550) lamrdlo quk kc gfoiuotf hk kxpkrmkogmls cfglcks quk dlrglnlo `kokrlgmfoks, ko cl lgtulcmhlh pukhko uomr l tfhf uo `rupf duy hmstlotk `kf`rìamgl f gucturlcdko gucturlcdkotk tk pkrf smdm smdmclr clr ko su rlo`f hk khlhks.

Lgtulcdkotk, pu pukhko khko

hmstmo`umrsk gultrf `kokrlgmfoks `kokrlgmfoks quk gfovmvko ko kc dkrglhf clnfrlc9 -Cfs Xrlhmgmfolcmstls9 olgmhfs blstl 5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

-Cl @kokrlgm÷o ]9 olgmhfs l plrtmr hk 5555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Cfs Xrlhmgmfolcks9 Grkgmkrfo ko ípfgls hk hmamguctlh, hkskdpckf k bmpkrmoaclgmfoks.  Lprkohmkrfo l vmvmr gfo pfgf y l lbfrrlr gfdf nlsk plrl kc aauturf. uturf. Xmkoko ak y gfoamlozl ko cls mostmtugmfoks y ko kc trlnlif ksafrzlhf. Wfo pkrsfols quk kspkrlo losmfsldkotk su rktmrf, plrl cf gulc trlnlilrfo tfhl su vmhl. Grkko ko cl c÷`mgl hkc slgrmamgmf, kc gfdprfdmsf y kc rkspktf nlslhf ko cl lutfrmhlh. Cfs ikaks dlohlo y cfs sunfrhmolhfs fnkhkgko.

Cfs Nlny Nffdkrs9 su cck`lhl motrfhuif gldnmfs sfgmlcks mdpfrtlotks, quk mdplgtlrfo ko kc ìdnmtf kdprkslrmlc. [of hk cfs kvkotfs quk dìs bl dlrglhf l kstl `kokrlgm÷o, gfo mohkpkohkogml hk sus pläsks hk frm`ko, bl smhf cl cck`lhl l cfs bf`lrks hk cl tkckvmsm÷o, quk `kokr÷ hfs `rlohks ako÷dkofs quk aukrfo lnsfrnmhfs pfr cfs nlny nffdkrs y gfoam`urlrfo sus pltrfoks sfgmlcks hk gfdpfrtldmkotf. Kc prmdkrf auk gfovmvmr gfo uo dkhmf luhmfvmsulc, cf gulc `kokrl uol lggksmnmcmhlh mousmtlhl l oftmgmls y kvkotfs prfgkhkotks hk tfhls plrtks hkc duohf, cls hmstlogmls y cfs tmkdpfs sk rkhugko lgkckrlohf kc rmtdf hk vmhl pkrsfolc y prfaksmfolc. Ufr ftrl plrtk, cfs dkhmfs hk gfduomglgm÷o motrfhugko uo gfoiuotf hk sädnfcfs gfduoks quk uoko l tfhf kc `rupf quk bl gfdplrtmhf moalogml y iuvkotuh arkotk l cfs dmsdfs prf`rldls y puncmgmhlhks. @fozìckz (>55— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

huhlnlo hk quí gldmof sk`umr, ko gldnmf, kccfs cugblo gfotrl cl mogkrtmhudnrk hk uol rklcmhlh dlrglhl pfr cls rkkstrugturlgmfoks y cl hkslgkckrlgm÷o kgfo÷dmgl. Kstk `rupf tldnmío vmvk uol trlosafrdlgm÷o hkc dfhkcf aldmcmlr trlhmgmfolc, hlhf quk sus dlhrks sk blo mogfrpfrlhf dlsmvldkotk lc dkrglhf hk trlnlif. Hk cl dmsdl afrdl quk cls `kokrlgmfoks lotkrmfrks sk vfcvmkrfo gfotrl vlcfrks nìsmgfs hk sus prkhkgksfrks, cfs ‒R” sk rknkclo gfotrl cl vmsm÷o hk trlnlif y cls cklctlhks hk cfs nlny

nffdkrs, ylhfptlo gfdf rkspukstl l cls pfcätmgls hk ackxmnmcmhlh quk fnskrvlo cls kdprksls uol lgtmtuh pkrsfolcmstl, vkohko su trlnlif lc dkifr ko pfstfr. (@fozìckz, >55—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

y quk of kotmkohk aìgmcdkotk kc duohf smo kccl. Motkrokt, kc duohf hk cls gfduomglgmfoks y hk cl moafrdìtmgl afrdlo plrtk hk sus rutmols vmtlcks, y gfohmgmfolo sus bìnmtfs hk vmhl, gfduomglgm÷o y, pfr supukstf, trlnlif. Cfs rls`fs quk prkskotlo cfs i÷vkoks quk motk`rlo kstl `kokrlgm÷o sfo dìs mohmvmhulcmstls quk `kokrlgmfoks lotkrmfrks y rkmvmohmglo cl lutfofdäl ko sus fpmomfoks y lgtulgmfoks, smtulohf su ìdnmtf pkrsfolc pfr kogmdl hk gfosmhkrlgmfoks hk frhko clnfrlc y sfgmlc. Kstk hkskf hk lutfofdäl sk kstì rkackilohf ko uol tkohkogml l kdprkohkr, cl grklgm÷o hk dmgrfkdprksls prfpmls f l lamomhlh pfr tmpfs hk trlnlif ko dfhlcmhlh hk lut÷ofdf ko cu`lr hk kdpckfs gfdf lslclrmlhfs. Wmd÷o y Lcclrh (>55). Ko cfs ùctmdfs lüfs, hmvkrsfs lutfrks gfdf Nmlcmj y Ary (>555555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Ko kc ldnmkotk clnfrlc cfs hkofdmolhfs oltmvfs hm`mtlcks, hm`mtlcks, hksklo plrtmgmplr hk cls hkgmsmfoks y quk sk cks rkgfofzgl su ksaukrzf pfr dìs däomdf quk kstk skl, Jlrstko, Wtkpblomk y ^lalkc (>5). Lhkdìs, @fozìckz (>5552), cls hmakrkogmls `kokrlgmfolcks sfo tlotf psmgfc÷`mgls gfdf tkgofc÷`mgls y tmkoko uo `rlo mdplgtf ko kc gfdpfrtldmkotf budlof y fr`lomzlgmfolc, y lotk ístl smtulgm÷o, cls fr`lomzlgmfoks y cfs cähkrks quk kstìo lc arkotk ar kotk hk cls dmsdls hknkrìo hk gfofgkr ksls hmakrkogmls gfo cl amolcmhlh hk skr kdpìtmgfs ko cfs prfgksfs hk gldnmf y kvmtlr gfoacmgtfs kotrk cls pkrsfols smo rkpkrgutmr ko cl rkotlnmcmhlh hk cl kdprksl.  Ìcvlrkz Dfozfogmccf Dfozfogmccf y Hk Blrf (>5557). Kstl mokstlnmcmhlh cäqumhl sk trlhugk plrl cfs dmcckoomlcs ko9 lctfs omvkcks hk hkskdpckf, mo`rksf tlrhäf lc duohf hkc trlnlif, prfgksfs hk skckggm÷o hk pkrsfolc glhl vkz dìs gfdpckifs, kdpckfs prkglrmfs, ktg. Wfnrk tfhf hkshk cl pkrspkgtmvl hk cls kdprksls y hkc dkrglhf kstl `kokrlgm÷o of bl smhf cf quk sk kspkrlnl puks cls gfohmgmfoks blo gldnmlhf hrldìtmgldkotk plrl tfhfs. (Ìcvlrkz Dfozfogmccf y Hk Blrf, >55— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

uo rktrfgksf hk hkrkgbfs y hk glcmhlh hk vmhl—. (Ìcvlrkz Dfozfogmccf y Hk Blrf, >55—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

(m) Motkcm`kogml hk ok`fgmf dkifrlhl dkhmlotk pcltlafrdls y bkrrldmkotls hk kstrugturlgm÷o y loìcmsms hk hltfs prfgkhkotks hk aukotks bktkrf`íokls y gfo uol ksglcl `rlohk, cf gulc pkrdmtk cl fptmdmzlgm÷o y cl moofvlgm÷o hk cls kstrltk`mls kdprkslrmlcks. (mm) Lutfdltmzlgm÷o hk prfgksfs fpkrltmvfs frmkotlhfs l `kokrlr kamgmkogmls hk tmkdpf y rkgursfs, hk tlc dfhf quk sk rkhugk cl dlof hk fnrl y sk lgkckrl cl tfdl hk hkgmsmfoks dkhmlotk acuifs tlotf hksgkotrlcmzlhfrks gfdf gfovkr`kotks. Gfoskgukotkdkotk, kstf rkhugk kc tmkdpf hk clozldmkotf hk oukvfs prfhugtfs lc dkrglhf. (mmm) Gfokgtmvmhlh motk`rlc y unmgumhlh hk tfhfs cfs kckdkotfs grätmgfs hk cl glhkol hk vlcfr plrl grklr uo kgfsmstkdl gfo uol olturlckzl tkgofc÷`mgl nlslhl ko Motkrokt, guyls prfpmkhlhks dltkrmlcks sk glrlgtkrmzlo pfr mdpucslr rkclgmfoks hk glrìgtkr sfgmlc sudldkotk gffpkrltmvls y ì`mcks plrl gucdmolr prfykgtfs gfdpckifs y dkifrlr cfs tmkdpfs hk rkspukstl, lsä gfdf plrl pkrakggmfolr tfhfs cfs algtfrks a lgtfrks vmoguclhf vmoguclhfss l cl glcmhlh hk uo skrvmgmf. (mv) Ksgugbl lgtmvl koafglhl ko kc gcmkotk, tlotf kxtkrof gfdf motkrof (rkakrmhf ko kstk ùctmdf glsf l cl am`url hkc kdpcklhf). Gbrmstkosko (>5555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

vkotls lc pùncmgf (ks hkgmr, quk sk lhfptk hk dlokrl supkramgmlc smdpckdkotk pfrquk sus hmrkgtrmgks rkprkskotlo cl tkohkogml `cfnlc f, hmgbf hk ftrf dfhf, cf pfcätmgldkotk gfrrkgtf). (@fozìcks Ulsgulc, >55551, p.>8).

Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl (>5 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

sk pukhko kogfotrlr cls okgksmhlhks l sltmsalgkr, cls gfohmgmfoks hk trlnlif, f cls rkduokrlgmfoks quk sk pukhko fntkokr. Hkotrf hk kstls tkfräls sk kogukotrlo9  

Ikrlrquäl hk cls okgksmhlhks hk Dlscfw.



  Dfhkcf ikrìrqumg ikrìrqumgf f K^G hk Lchkrakr.

 

Okgksmhlhks lprkohmhls.

 

Cfs hfs algtfrks hk Bkrznkr`.

  Cls gkotrlhls ko kc p prfgksf9 rfgksf9 Kc hkslrrfccf hk kstls tkfräls gfdmkozl l pl plrtmr rtmr hk cfs



lüfs skskotl. Wk kogukotrlo gkotrlhls ko kc loìcmsms hk tfhfs lqukccfs prfgksfs quk kxmstko ko kc trlnlif hkc mohmvmhuf, y quk pfsmnmcmtlo quk ístk lgtùk hk uol afrdl u ftrl. Kstls tkfräls tldnmío sfo hkofdmolhls tkfräls mostrudkotlcks, pfrquk kstlnckgko quk cl gfohugtl hkc suiktf ks uo mostrudkotf l trlvís hkc gulc sk pukhk kogfotrlr kxpcmglgm÷o plrl cfs hmstmotfs gfdpfrtldmkotfs quk pfskko lc dfdkotf hk fntkokr sus dktls. Kotrk cls tkfräls dìs hkstlglhls hk kstk dfhkcf, sk kogukotrlo9  

Cl tkfräl hkc Gldmof-Dkt Gldmof-Dktl l hk @kr`fpfucfs @kr`fpfucfs,, Dlbfoky y Ifoks.

 

Dktls prfaksmfolck prfaksmfolckss hk Cfgjk.

 

Xkfräl QMK hk Qrffd.

 

Xkfräl hk cl kqumhlh hk Lhlds.

Ks pkrtmokotk lnfrhlr cls tkfräls hk dftmvlgm÷o gkotrlhls ko kc gfotkomhf, gfdkozlohf pfr cl tkfräl hk Dlscfw, qumío plrl íc, –cls okgksmhlhks sk kstrugturlo ikrìrqumgldkotk ko omvkcks hk hmstmotl prmfrmhlh hk sltmsalggm÷o. Ks hkgmr, kstl tkfräl prfpfok quk, gfoafrdk sltmsalgko cls okgksmhlhks dìs nìsmgls, cfs skrks budlofs hkslrrfccldfs okgksmhlhks y hkskfs dìs kckvlhfs— . (Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl, >557).

Ks kotfogks, quk cl ikrlrquäl f dfhkcf hk Dlscfw, prfpfok quk, gfoafrdk sltmsalgko cls okgksmhlhks dìs nìsmgls, cfs skrks budlofs hkslrrfcclo okgksmhlhks y hkskfs dìs kckvlhfs.

Cl ikrlrquäl hk okgksmhlhks hk Dlscfw ks rkprkskot rkprkskotlhl lhl `kokrlhl pfr uol

pmrìdmhk quk gfostl hk gmogf omvkcks9  

Okgksmhlhks Okgksmhlhks amsmfc÷`mgls nìsmgls.

 

Okgksmhlhks hk sk`urmhlh.

 

Okgksmhlhks Okgksmhlhks sfgmlcks. 77 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

 

Okgksmhlh hk kstmdl.

 

Lutf-rklcmzlgm÷o.

Cls hfs prmdkrls sk gfostmtuyko gfdf okgksmhlhks nìsmgls, dmkotrls quk cls ùctmdls trks sk gfostmtuyko gfdf okgksmhlhks skguohlrmls gfoafrdk l cl tkfräl pclotklhl pfr Dlscfw. –Cfs gultrf prmdkrfs omvkcks rkprkskotlo l cls hmstmotls okgksmhlhks quk sur`ko pfr glrkogmls dltkrmlcks f sfgmlcks, dmkotrls quk kc omvkc supkrmfr rkprkskotl cl okgksmhlh trlsgkohko trlsgkohkotlc tlc hk lutfrrklcmzlgm÷o, quk ks nìsmgldkot k uol okgksmhlh hk gfdprkosm÷o—. (Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl, >55;). Ks rkckvlotk lbfrl, hksgrmnmr ftrl hk cls tkfräls rkckvlotk hk dftmvlgm÷o, cl hkofdmolhl tkfräl R k ] hk Dg@rk`fr. Kstk lutfr, –ko 551).

Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo y Lylcl (>555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

tmkoko prkskotks kstls tkfräls, prfvfglohf tfhf cf gfotrlrmf, uol hksdftmvlgm÷o ko kc trlnlilhfr. Ufrquk pfr kikdpcf, sm uol pkrsfol quk sk lhlptl dìs l cl tkfräl R ks dftmvlhl dkhmlotk cl tkfräl ], pukhk sugkhkr quk ko vkz hk dftmvlgm÷o sk cf`rk hksdftmvlgm÷o `kokrlohf gfoacmgtfs ko kc ìdnmtf fr`lomzlgmfolc y tldnmío ko kc ìdnmtf pkrsfolc. Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo y Lylcl (>55—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

gfdf mdprksgmohmncks pfr cls pkrsfols, hk dlokrl quk su prkskogml of prfhugk dftmvlgm÷o pkrf sä sltmsalggm÷o, dmkotrls quk su luskogml prfhugk mosltmsalggm÷o y hksdftmv lgm÷o— (Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl, >550). Gfo rkspkgtf l cfs algtfrks dftmvlhfrks, Bkrznkr` pclotkl quk sfo lqukccfs quk trlsplslo cls okgksmhlhks nìsmgls, rkclgmfoìohfsk hmrkgtldkotk gfo cls okgksmhlhks dìs kckvlhls9 Kstfs algtfrks pukhko `kokrlr ko cls pkrsfols, kotusmlsdf y dftmvlgm÷o ko cls pkrsfols y sfo, pfr kikdpcf, algtfrks gfdf cl pfsmnmcmhlh hk lprkohkr y kc hkslrrfcclrsk, kc rkgfofgmdmkotf kxpcägmtf l cfs cf`rfs pfr plrtk hk cfs supkrmfrks, cl pfsmnmcmhlh hk uo trlnlif hkslamlotk, omvkcks hk rkspfoslnmcmhlh grkgmkotks, fpfrtuomhlhks plrl kc prf`rksf y hkslrrfccf ko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o kotrk ftrfs. (Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl, >552). Ks gfosmhkrlnck blgkr dkogm÷o quk ldnfs algtfrks sfo suniktmvfs plrl glhl pkrsfol, sk`ùo su kvlculgm÷o. Ks hkgmr quk kstfs algtfrks sfo rkcltmvfs l glhl mohmvmhuf y l su omvkc hk hkslrrfccf. Ufr kikdpcf, kxmstko pkrsfols quk glrkgko hk gmkrtls gfdfhmhlhks nìsmgls ko su trlnlif lgtulc y pfr cf tlotf, cls gfosmhkrlrälo gfdf algtfrks dftmvlhfrks sm sk cls farkgmkrlo ko uo oukvf trlnlif: dmkotrls quk plrl ftrls pkrsfols, blnmtulhls l hmgbls gfdfhmhlhks, kstls rkprkskotlrälo algtfrks bm`míomgf bm`míomgfss of dftmvlhfrk dftmvlhfrks. s.

1.

Hmsküf dktfhfc÷`mgf y tmpf hk movkstm`lgm÷o

l) Koafquk hk movkstm`lgm÷o. Cl movkstm`lgm÷o tkohrì uo koafquk dmxtf, ks hkgmr gulcm gulotmtltmvf gfo uo hmsküf hksgrmptmvf. Ks lprfpmlhf blgkr dkogm÷o quk cls movkstm`lgmfoks dmxtls sk`ùo Bkroìohkz Wldpmkrm (>555— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

h) Bkrrldmkotls utmcmzlhls. Wk utmcmzlrì cl kotrkvmstl skdmkstrugturlhl, cl gulc kstuvf hmrm`mhl l ^kspfoslncks hk ^kgursfs Budlofs, cähkrks hk ldnls kdprksls y dmcckoomlcs dmcckoomlcs.. Ulrl Bkroìohkz Wldpmkrm (>555>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Xlncl 8. K iks hk lo loìc ìcms ms ms kogukstl l cähkrks Kiks hk loìcmsms Ukrgkpgm÷o lgkrgl hk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl Wfnrk sm ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl Wfnrk cl gfovmvkogml motkr`kokrlgmfolc ko cl kdprksl Wfnrk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl Kstrltk`mls quk lgfoskilräl plrl rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl Aukotk9 Kclnfrlgm÷o prfpml.

Xlncl ;. K iks hk l loì oìcms cms ms kogukstl l dmcc dmcckooml koomlcs cs Kiks hk loìcmsms Ukrgkpgm÷o lgkrgl hk sm cf vlcfrlo ko cl kdprksl ko cl quk trlnlil Ukrgkpgm÷o sfnrk kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl ko kc ìdnmtf clnfrlc Ufr quí sk lutfpkrgmnko gfdf dmcckoomlcs Hmakrkogmls gfo ftrls `kokrlgmfoks quk sk hkskdpkülo ko cl kdprksl Kstrltk`mls quk lgfoskilräl plrl rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl Wfnrk quí lspkgtf prmfrmzl lc dfdkotf hk kck`mr uol nukol prfpukstl clnfrlc Urfpukstl plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl Aukotk9 Kclnfrlgm÷o prfpml.

0.<

Loìcmsms hk kogukstls rklcmzlhls l rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB

Ko cf rkspkgtmvf l cls kogukstls rklcmzlhls l cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB, cfs rkspfoslncks hk ldnls kdprksls blo gfmogmhmhf ko quk kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl ks uo algtfr moacuykotk lc dfdkotf hk cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf. Ftrf algtfr rkckvlotk ks quk sk lhlptko gfo ackxmnmcmhlh y of sk rksmstlo l cfs gldnmfs, pkrf prmogmplcdkotk kc usf hk cls oukvls tkgofcf`äls gfostmtuyk uo algtfr auohldko a uohldkotlc. tlc. Ko cf gfogkromkotk l cl rktkogm÷o hkc tlckotf dmcckoomlc, cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB gfmogmhko ko quk kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl ks uo algtfr prkpfohkrlotk plrl rktkokr uo tlckotf, hknmhf l quk moofvlo hk dlokrl pkrdlokotk k mogcusf `kokrlo prfpukstl hk usf hk bkrrldmkotls tkgofc÷`mgls tkgofc÷`mgls ko cl kdprksl. 72 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

 Lc dfdkotf hk hkamomr hkamomr tlckotf dmcc dmcckoomlc, koomlc, tfhfs cf cfss rkspfoslncks gf gfmogmhmkrfo mogmhmkrfo k ko o quk uo tlckotf dmcckoomlc ks uo oltmvf hm`mtlc, ks hkgmr

Loìcmsms hk kogukstls rklcmzlhls l cähkrks hk ldnls kdprksls

Cfs cähkrks hk ldnls kdprksls aukrfo kogukstls hfs plrl gfofgkr hmstmotfs lspkgtfs, kotrk kccfs su pkrgkpgm÷o lgkrgl hk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl. Cfs cähkrks hk l ldnls dnls kdprksls gfmogmhmkrfo gfmogmhmkrf o ko quk ks auohldkotl auohldkotlcc su prkskogml. Ko cf rkspkgtmvf l sfnrk sm ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl, gfmogmhko ko quk of pfhrälo prksgmohmr hk cfs dmcckoomlcs pfrquk ks uol `kokrlgm÷o gkotrlhl ko kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl, quk of ck tkdk l cfs gldnmfs y sk lhlptl algmcdkotk l kccfs. Wfnrk cl gfovmvkogml motkr`kokrlgmfolc ko cl kdprksl, lc m`ulc quk cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB, gfmogmhko ko quk cl gfovmvkogml motkr`kokrlgmfolc of ks gfoacmgtmvl y quk kxmstk uol mdpfrtlotk gffpkrlgm÷o hk plrtk hk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc gfo ftrls `kokrlgmfoks gfdf cl R. Wfnrk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl, cfs cähkrks gfmogmhko ko quk su prkskogml bl 7= hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

trlosafrdlhf cl fr`lomzlgm÷o hknmhf lc kxgkckotk gfofgmdmkotf quk tmkoko sfnrk kc usf hk cls oukvls tkgofcf`äls, uo kikdpcf hk kccfs ks cl lhlptlgm÷o lc usf hk cls tkgofcf`äls y dkhmfs hk gfduomglgm÷o pfr dftmvf hk cl plohkdml hkc GFQMH-5). Kstf sk bl pfhmhf vmscudnrlr l trlvís hk cls kogukstls rklcmzlhl rklcmzlhlss l9 -Hmrkgtmvfs hk ldnls kdprksls. -^kspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB hk ldnls kdprksls. -Dmcckoomlcs.

 L gfotmoulgm÷o sk pfhrìo fnskrvlr cfs algtfrks hk rkckvlogml plrl rktkokr tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs dmcckoomlcs quk sur`ko hk cfs hltfs rkgfckgtlhfs ko cls kogukstls rklcmzlhls l cfs lgtfrks dkogmfolhfs lotkrmfrdkotk.

8< hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Xlncl 1. A lgtfrks hk rkckvlogml plrl rktkok rktkokrr tl tlckot ckotfs fs dmcck dmcckoom oomlc lcss   Algtfrks [sf hk cl tkgofcf`äl Dftmvlgm÷o  Lhlptlgm÷o l cfs gldnmfs Glplgmtlgm÷o gfotmoul  Ackxmnmcmhlh Nkokamgmfs kxtrl rkduokrlgm rkduokrlgm÷o ÷o Glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc Gffpkrlgm÷o Aukotk9

Kclnfrlgm÷o prfpml.

Cfs cähkrks, cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB y cfs dmcckoomlcs kogukstlhfs gfmogmhko ko quk plrl rktkokr tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs, ko prmdkr cu`lr sk hknk gfofgkr sus prmfrmhlhks. Ufr kccf cfs trks `rupfs gfmogmhmkrfo ko quk kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl, cl dftmvlgm÷o, cl lhlptlgm÷o l cfs gldnmfs, cl glplgmtlgm÷o gfotmoul, cl ackxmnmcmhlh, cfs nkokamgmfs kxtrl rkduokrlgm÷o, cl glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc, y cl gffpkrlgm÷o, gfostmtuyko algtfrks auohldkotlcks quk hknko skr tkomhfs ko gukotl lc dfdkotf hk hkgmhmr uol kstrltk`ml gkotrlhl ko rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc. Ks rkckvlotk rktfdlr lc hkslrrfccf tk÷rmgf y dkogmfolr l Ìcvlrkz Dfozfogmccf y Hk Blrf (>555— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

oukvl nrkgbl hk `íokrf, yl quk cfs bfdnrks y cls duikrks dmcckoomlcs vlcfrlo hmakrkotkdko hmakrkotkdkotk tk kc mdplgtf hk cl tkgofcf`äl ko sus vmhls. - Cfs dmcckoomlcs kstìo prkfguplhfs pfr cl slcuh hk cl kgfofdäl, cls m`ulchlhks, cmnkrtlhks y kc gumhlhf hkc dkhmf ldnmkotk. Dugbfs dmcckoomlcs of gfosmhkrlo quk sus fpmomfoks y grkkogmls kstío lhkgulhldkotk rkprkskotlhls pfr sus `fnkrolotks. Grkko aukrtkdkotk ko prftk`kr cls cmnkrtlhks mohmvmhulcks y sfo tfckrlotks gfo ftrls grkkogmls rkcm`mfsls. - Cfs dmcckoomlcs vlcfrlo kc kdprkohmdmkotf, grkko quk pukhko skr plrtk hk uo gldnmf cfglc, pkrf dukstrlo prkfguplgm÷o ko kc plsf hk cl khuglgm÷o lc trlnlif. Glsm cl dmtlh hk cfs dmcckoomlcs prkhmgko dmcckoomlcs  prkhmgko quk Gbmol cmhkrlrì cl kgfofdäl ko cfs pr÷xmdfs hmkz lüfs. Ko kstl movkstm`lgm÷o sk bl pfhmhf gfofgkr quk cfs dmcckoomlcs quk afrdlo plrtk hk cls hfs pydks rkckvlhls hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf, prmfrmzlo uol dkifr glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc lotks quk uol nukol rkduokrlgm÷o, lsä gfdf tldnmío cl ackxmnmcmhlh hk bfrlrmfs, cl pfsmnmcmhlh hk vmlilr y cl glplgmtlgm÷o gfotmoul. Cfs hmstmotfs lgtfrks kotrkvmstlhfs (cähkrks, rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB y dmcckoomlcs) blo gfmogmhmhf quk kc kxgkckotk usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl pfr plrtk hk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc gfostmtuyk uo algtfr hk gfdpktmtmvmhlh quk ks prmdfrhmlc lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlckotf. Lc rkspkgtf, @fozì @fozìcks cks Ulsgulc (>555>) kxprksl quk cls pkrsfols gfostmtuyko kc prmogmplc lgtmvf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Cls fr`lomzlgmfoks kxmtfsls pkrgmnko quk sfcf pukhko grkgkr, prfspkrlr y dlotkokr su gfotmoumhlh sm sfo glplgks hk fptmdmzlr kc rktfrof sfnrk cls movkrsmfoks hk tfhfs cfs sfgmfs, ko kspkgmlc hk cfs kdpcklhfs. Cl `kstm÷o hkc tlckotf budlof ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks ks cl auogm÷o quk pkrdmtk cl gfclnfrlgm÷o kamglz hk cls pkrsfols (kdpcklhfs, auogmfolrmf auogmfolrmfs, s, rkgursfs budlofs f gulcqumkr hkofdmol hkofdmolgm÷o gm÷o 87 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

utmcmzlhl) plrl lcglozlr cfs fniktmvfs fr`lomzlgmfolcks k mohmvmhulcks. Ks hkgmr, cls pkrsfols pukhko ludkotlr f hmsdmoumr cls afrtlckzls y hknmcmhlhks hk uol fr`lomzlgm÷o hkpkohmkohf hk cl dlokrl gfdf sk trltk. Ulrl Gbmlvkoltf (>55>), cl lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk ^kgursfs Budlofs (L^B) hknk gfotrmnumr l cl kamglgml fr`lomzlgmfolc l trlvís hk cfs sm`umkotks dkhmfs9 . Urfpfrgmfolr gfdpktmtmvmhlh l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o9 kstf sm`omamgl slnkr kdpcklr cls blnmcmhlhks y cl glplgmhlh hk cl aukrzl clnfrlc. 7. Wudmomstrlr l cl fr`lomzlgm÷o kdpcklhfs nmko kotrkolhfs y dftmvlhfs9 Hlr rkgfofgmdmkotf l cls pkrsfols y of sfcf hmokrf gfostmtuyk kc kckdkotf nìsmgf hk cl dftmvlgm÷o budlol. Ulrl dkifrlr kc hkskdpküf, cls pkrsfols hknko pkrgmnmr iustmgml ko cls rkgfdpkosls quk rkgmnko. ^kgfdpkoslr cfs nukofs rksuctlhfs y of rkgfdpkoslr l cls pkrsfols quk of tmkoko uo nuko hkskdpküf, cfs fniktmvfs hknko skr gclrfs, lsä gfdf kc dítfhf plrl dkhmrcfs. 8. Ukrdmtmr kc ludkotf hk cl lutfrrklcmzlgm÷o y cl sltmsalggm÷o hk cfs kdpcklhfs ko kc trlnlif9 cfs kdpcklhfs sltmsakgbfs of okgkslrmldkotk sfo cfs dìs prfhugtmvfs, pkrf cfs kdpcklhfs mosltmsakgbfs tmkohko l hkscm`lrsk hk cl kdprksl, sk luskotlo gfo arkgukogml y of tmkoko uol nukol prfhugtmvmhlh. Kc bkgbf hk skotmrsk akcmgks ko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o y sltmsakgbfs ko kc trlnlif hktkrdmol ko `rlo dkhmhl kc íxmtf fr`lomzlgmfolc. ;. Hkslrrfcclr y dlotkokr cl glcmhlh hk vmhl ko kc trlnlif9 Glcmhlh hk vmhl ko kc trlnlif (GQX) ks uo gfogkptf quk sk rkamkrk l cfs lspkgtfs hk cl kxpkrmkogml hk trlnlif, gfdf kstmcf hk `krkogml, cmnkrtlh y lutfofdäl plrl tfdlr hkgmsmfoks, ldnmkotk hk trlnlif l`rlhlnck, sk`urmhlh ko kc kdpckf, bfrls lhkgulhls hk trlnlif y tlrkls sm`omamgltmvls, gfo kc fniktmvf hk gfovkrtmr cl kdprksl ko uo cu`lr ltrlgtmvf y hksklnck. 1. Lhdmomstrlr kc gldnmf9 Ko cls ùctmdls híglhls bunf uo pkrmfhf trlsgkohkotk hk gldnmfs sfgmlcks, tkgofc÷`mgfs, kgfo÷dmgfs, gucturlcks y pfcätmgfs. Kstfs gldnmfs y tkohkogmls `kokrlrfo oukvls tkohkogmls y oukvfs koafquks dìs ackxmncks y ì`mcks, quk sk hknko utmcmzlr plrl `lrlotmzlr cl supkrvmv s upkrvmvkogml kogml hk cls fr`lomzlgmf fr`lomzlgmfoks. oks. 0. Kstlnckgkr pfcätmgls ítmgls y hkslrrfcclr gfdpfrtldmkotfs sfgmlcdkotk rkspfoslncks9 tlotf cls pkrsfols gfdf cls fr`lomzlgmfoks hknko sk`umr pltrfoks ítmgfs y hk rkspfoslnmcmhlh sfgmlc. Cl rkspfoslnmcmhlh sfgmlc of sfcf ks uol kxm`kogml plrl cls fr`lomzlgmfoks smof tldnmío, y ko kspkgmlc plrl cls pkrsfols quk trlnlilo lccä. 88 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Mohkpkohmkotkdkotk hkc glr`f quk pfskl hkotrf hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o glhl lhdmomstrlhfr hkskdpkül ko su trlnlif cls gultrf auogmfoks lhdmomstrltmvls quk gfostmtuyko kc prfgksf lhdmomstrltmvf9 lhdmomstrltmv f9 pcloklr, fr`lomzlr, hmrm`mr y gfotrfclr. Ko cls hfs Uydks rkckvlhls, sk bl pfhmhf gfofgkr quk kc glpmtlc budlof ks mdpfrtlotk plrl sus motk`rlotks y cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB tmkoko ko gukotl cf dkogmfolhf lotkrmfrdkotk. Ko cf rkspkgtmvf lc fniktmvf sfnrk gfofgkr cl rkclgm÷o kxmstkotk kotrk cls kstrltk`mls kgfo÷dmgls lpcmglhls pfr kc ìrkl hk ^^BB y cls glplgmtlgmfoks hk cfs kdpcklhfs dmcckoomlcs, sk cck`lhf lc rksuctlhf hk quk cfs kdpcklhfs dmcckoomlcs hlo prmfrmhlh l cls glplgmtlgmfoks, l cl pfsmnmcmhlh hk vmliks, l cl ackxmnmcmhlh y l cl nukol glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc pfr sfnrk cls kstrltk`mls dkrldkotk kgfo÷dmgls, pfr kccf cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB hk ldnls kdprksls lamrdlo quk cls kstrltk`mls kgfo÷dmgls gfdnmolo kckdkotfs sfgmlcks/fr`lomzlgmfolcks y lggmfoks gfduomtlrmls, ks hkgmr sfo kstrltk`mls quk lhkdìs hk nrmohlr uo nkokamgmf kgfo÷dmgf, tmkoko ko gukotl cls okgksmhlhks sfgmfgucturlcks hk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc. Kstl ks uol hmakrkogml gfo ftrls `kokrlgmfoks (gfdf cl R) quk prmfrmzlo kc algtfr kgfo÷dmgf pfr sfnrk ftrls gukstmfoks. Cfs dmcckoomlcs rkgmnko gfo sltmsalggm÷o nkokamgmfs kxtrl rkduokrlgm÷o gfdf9 gfnkrturls hk slcuh, skdlols kxtrls hk vlglgmfoks, häls cmnrks, rk`lcfs f prkdmfs gfdf vmliks, gkols f slcmhls moafrdlcks, vfugbkrs hk gfdprl hk rfpl f tkgofcf`äl, nkokamgmfs hk usf hk `mdolsmfs, gcunks, ktg…. Cl dlyfräl

hk kccfs prmfrmzlo cls kxpkrmkogmls pfr sfnrk uo nkokamgmf kgfo÷dmgf hmrkgtf. Ufr cf kxpukstf ko pìrrlafs prkgkhkotks, ko cl prkskotk movkstm`lgm÷o sk bl pfhmhf hktkrdmolr quk cls kdprksls vlcfrlo l cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc y ks pfr kccf quk okgksmtlo rktkokrcfs, puks kstl `kokrlgm÷o hkotrf hk cls kdprksls pfsmnmcmtl uo dlyfr grkgmdmkotf, hknmhf l cl mdpfrtlogml quk ck hlo l cl trlosafrdlgm÷o hm`mtlc, y l cl mdpckdkotlgm÷o hk oukvls tkgofcf`äls.

=. Gfogcusmfoks Ko cl prkskotk movkstm`lgm÷o sk bl mhkotmamglhf g÷df rktkokr tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko hfs Uydks hk cl gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf (>55>5). Wk bl cck`lhf l cl gfogcusm÷o quk sm nmko ko cls hfs kdprksls gfovmvko hmstmotls `kokrlgmfoks, cl gfovmvkogml of bl susgmtlhf dlyfrks gfoacmgtfs kotrk kccls, pfr gfotrlrmf, cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc lyuhl l hmlrmf l supkrlr fnstìgucfs hk ftrls `kokrlgmfoks (gfdf pfr kikdpcf cl `kokrlgm÷o R), qumko sk rkbùsl l cfs gldnmfs pkrdlokotks y lc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl. 8; hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc gffpkrl gfo sus gfdplükrfs y cfs dftmvl l supkrlr fnstìgucfs, pfr kccf tlotf cfs cähkrks hk ldnls kdprksls gfdf sus rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB, hmskülo hk afrdl pkrdlokotk kstrltk`mls hk rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf dmcckoomlc gfo kc prfp÷smtf hk quk of hkgmhlo lnlohfolr cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. Cfs cähkrks ko gfoiuotf gfo cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB gfofgko cls plrtmguclrmhlhks hk kstl `kokrlgm÷o y pfr kccf cls kstrltk`mls sk nlslo ko cls sm`umkotks glrlgtkrästmgls9 -[sf hk cl tkgofcf`äl -Dftmvlgm÷o -Lhlptlgm÷o l cfs gldnmfs -Glplgmtlgm÷o gfotmoul -Ackxmnmcmhlh -Nkokamgmfs kxtrl rkduokrlgm÷o rkduokrlgm÷o -Glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc -Gffpkrlgm÷o  Ldnfs lgtfrks (cähkrks y rkspfoslnck rkspfoslnckss hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB) tmkoko gfofgmdmk gfofgmdmkotf otf hk quk cls kstrltk`mls hk rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf hknko tkokr ko gukotl cfs algtfrks lotkrmfrdkotk dkogmfolhfs y tldnmío slnko quk cls kstrltk`ml kstrltk`mlss kgfo÷dmgls quk pukhlo hmskülr, of hknko kxgcumr algtfrks gfdf dlotkokr uol nukol glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc, ackxmnmcmhlh hk bfrlrmfs y usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl. Cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB hk ldnls kdprksls blo gfmogmhmhf ko quk ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk sk hkstlgl pfr blgkr uo usf rlgmfolc hk cfs rkgursfs, lhkdìs hk prkfguplrsk pfr lspkgtfs sfgmfgucturlcks, pfr kccf, kstfs lspkgtfs tldnmío sfo rkckvlotks lc dfdkotf hkc hmsküf hk kstrltk`mls. Ks pkrtmokotk hkstlglr quk, lc dfdkotf hk hmskülr uol nukol kstrltk`ml hk rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf, ks auohldkotlc cl vfz hkc tlckotf, ks hkgmr quk skräl lgfoskilnck quk kc rkspfoslnck hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB cf bl`l plrtägmpk y kotrk ldnls plrtks hkgmhlo cl kstrltk`ml, ksf skräl uol moofvlgm÷o, ks hkgmr quk of skl uol kstrltk`ml mdplrtmhl ko afrdl uomcltkrlc, smof quk skl hknltmhl y gfoskosulhl pfr kc tlckotf l rktkokr. Dugbls vkgks cfs rkspfoslncks hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB of cck`lo l gfofgkr cls okgksmhlhks hkc tlckotf l rktkokr y ks pfr kccf quk tkrdmol hkilohf cl kdprksl, pfr kccf gfosmhkrf quk uol kstrltk`ml nmcltkrlc kotrk kc rkspfoslnck hkc ìrkl hk ^^BB y kc tlckotf l rktkokr, lhkdìs hk skr moofvlhfr, lyuhlräl l motk`rlr cls okgksmhlhks kspkgäamgls hk ksk tlckotf, lhkdìs hk rktkokrcf ko cl fr`lomzlgm÷o. 81 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

555550). Kstrltk`ml9 Hk cl vmsm÷o l cl lggm÷o. Dlhrmh. lggm÷o.  Dlhrmh. Ksmg Khmtfrmlc. Gbmlvkoltf, Gbmlvkol tf, MM.. (>55>). @kstm÷o hkc tlckotf budlof.Dlhrmh. budlof.Dlhrmh. Dg@^LP-BMCC Gbrmstkosko, G. D.: Blcc, X.: Hmccfo, J.: Huoglo, H. W. (>555555=). (>55=).@kstm÷o @kstm÷o hk cl gfdpckimhlh ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks.Khmgmfoks@rlomgl, fr`lomzlgmfoks. Khmgmfoks@rlomgl, Nukofs  Lmrks. Akrrm-^kkh, I. (>5), 527, pp. 12-02. @fozìckz, ^, (>55— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

@fozìckz, ^. W. (>55). G÷df `kstmfolr l cfs oltmvfs hm`mtlcks. Glpmtlc Budlof. (>11), Budlof.  (>11), 15-1;. Cfdnlrhäl, U., Wtkmo, @., Umo, I. (>552) Ufcätmgls plrl hmrm`mr l cfs oukvfs prfaksmfolcks. Dftmvlgmfoks y vlcfrks hk cl @kokrlgm÷o  @kokrlgm÷o  ]. MKWK Nusmokss Wgbffc. [omvkrsmhlh hk Olvlrrl. Ksplül. Dlsg÷, L. (>5). (>5).Kotrk Kotrk @kokrlgmfoks, Of Xk \ukhks Laukrl Hkc Auturf. Xkdls @rupf Khmtfrmlc W^C. Nukofs Lmrks. F`` y Nfovlckt (>551). Ko Wmd÷o, G. y Lcclrh, @. (>550). @kokrlgm÷o –]— y dkrglhf clnfrlc9 Dfhkcf hk `kstm÷o hk ^kgursfs Budlofs plrl cfs i÷vkoks prfaksmfolcks. Mostmtutf hk Kdprksl Nusmokss Wgbffc. Ksplül. Uírkz Qlo Dfrck`lo, y Lylcl, I, G. (>55558). Gfdpfrtldmkotf Fr`lomzlgmfolc. Xkfräl y prìgtmgl. Xfdf M. Uklrsfo Khuglgm÷o hk Díxmgf. W. L. Urkotmgk-Blc Urkotmgk-Blccc MOG. Díxmgf. Wkrol, G. (>55=).Oukvls (>55=).Oukvls tkohkogmls ko cl rktkogm÷o y dkifrl hkc tlckotf prfaksmfolc y hmrkgtmvf.. Ksplül9 Auohlgm÷o KFM. hmrkgtmvf Wmd÷o, G. y Lcclrh, @. (>550). @kokrlgm÷o –]— y dkrglhf clnfrlc9 Dfhkcf hk `kstm÷o hk

^kgursfs Budlofs plrl cfs i÷vkoks prfaksmfolcks. Mostmtutf hk Kdprksl Nusmokss Wgbffc. Ksplül.

82 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

Xbfdpsfo, G., y @rk`fry, I. N. (>5). Dlol`mo` dmcckoomlcs9 L arldkwfrj afr mdprfvmo` lttrlgtmfo, dftmvltmfo loh rktkotmfo. Xbk psygbfcf psygbfcf`mst-dlol`kr `mst-dlol`kr ifurolc, 70->81. Xwko`k, I. D., y Gldpnkcc, W. D. (>552). @kokrltmfolc hmaakrkogks mo psygbfcf`mglc trlmts loh tbkmr mdplgt fo tbk wfrjpclgk. Ifurolc fa Dlol`krmlc Usygbfcf`y, >7(2), 21>-200. Xyckr, J. (>55— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

DFHKCF HK KOG[KWXL L HM^KGXMQFW HK KDU^KWL (Wk kspkrlo rkspukstls skogmccls y nrkvks) ) ¶Gfosmhkrl quk ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlcko tlckotf tf dmcckoomlc ko cl kd kdprksl6 prksl6 ¶Ufr quí6 7) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrlg motkr`kokrlgmfolc mfolc ko cl kdprksl6 8) ¶Ko quí sk hkstlgl cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckooml dmcckoomlcc ko cl kdprksl6 ;) Hkshk su cmhkrlz`f, ¶\ ¶\uí uí kstrltk`ml lgfos lgfoskilräl kilräl plrl rktk rktkokr okr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6

;< hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

DFHKCF HK KOG[KWXL L DMCCKOOMLC (Wk kspkrlo rkspukstls skogmccls y nrkvks) ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 ;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakrk hmakrkogmls ogmls hk ftrls `kokrlgmfoks quk gfovmvk gfovmvko o ko cl kdprk kdprksl6 sl6 0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kkck`mr ck`mr uol nukol prfp prfpukstl ukstl clnfrl clnfrlc6 c6 2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl

;> hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ < L ^KWUFOWLNCK HKC Ì^KL HK ^KG[^WFW B[DLOFW HK KDU^KWL L ) ¶Guìcks sfo cfs algtfrks moacuyko moacuykotks tks lc dfdkotf hk cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Mohkpkohmkotkdkotk hk quk sklo f of dmcckoomlcs, lc dfdkotf hk rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf ofs koafgldfs ko quk skplo y kstío dftmvlhfs ko kc usf hk cls tkgofcf`äls, quk kstío lgtulcmzlhfs. @rlo plrtk hk oukstrf dfhf hk cck`lr l cfs gcmkotks ks pfr kc dlokif y usf hk rkhks sfgmlcks.

7) ¶G÷df hk hkamomräl amomräl us ustkh tkh kc tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Ks mooltf, prfpmf hk ksl `kokrlgm÷o. Cl dftmvlgm÷o quk tmkoko lc uslr cls bkrrldmkotls tkgofc÷`mgls ks auohldkotlc. Lplrtk hkildk hkstlglr quk `kokrlcdkotk grklo uo ÷ptmdf ldnmkotk clnfrlc, sfo duy gfduomgltmvfs y sk kotusmlsdlo gfo plrtmgmplr ko cls hkgmsmfoks hk cl kdprksl.

8) ¶Ufr quí plrl ustkh ks md mdpfrtlotk pfrtlotk rktkok rktkokrr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl kdprksl6 6 Urmogmplcdkotk pfrquk ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk vl plrl lhkclotk, quk slnko utmcmzlr cls oukvls tkgofcf`äls, sk prkfguplo pfr kstlr lgtulcmzlhfs y trlnlilo dftmvlhfs. Ufr kccf, grkf quk ks mdpfrtlotk gfotlr gfo tlckotf t lckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl. Lhkdìs, sfo kc auturf, a uturf, ko of dugbfs lüfs tfhfs cfs rkgursfs budlofs hk cl kdprksl skrìo dmcckoomlcs hknkdfs lprkohkr l lprfvkgblrcfs.

;) ¶Guìcks sfo cls kstrltk`mls quk us ustkh tkh kdpckl lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Of tk vfy l ok`lr quk cl prmogmplc kstrltk`ml quk kdpckldfs lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlckotf ks kgfo÷dmgl, farkgkdfs nfomamglgmfoks pfr hkskdpküf y rksuctlhf, lhkdìs hk ftrls kstrltk`mls fr`lomzlgmfolcks, fr`lomzlgmfolcks, gkotrìohfsk ko quk kc trlnlilhfr smkotl quk vkrhlhkrldko vkrhlhkrldkotk tk ks plrtk hk cl kdprksl, pkrdmtmíohfck plrtmgmplr hk cls hkgmsmfoks. Wmo kdnlr`f, of

;7 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

usldfs sfcf hmokrf hmrkgtf, cfs prkdmldfs gfo nkokamgmfs kxtrl rkduokrlgm÷o gfdf häls cmnrks, prkdmfs plrl gkols, slcmhls y vfugbkrs hk gfdprl hk rfpl f tkgofcf`äl. Bkdfs hksgunmkrtf quk hmsarutlo dìs kstfs nkokamgmfs quk kc kakgtmvf.

1) ¶Gfo qumíoks hknltk lgkrgl hk cls kstrl kstrltk`mls tk`mls l kdpcklr ko cf rkspkgtmvf lc tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Hknltf gfo cfs tfhls cls glnkzls hk cfs hkplrtldkotfs y l vkgks tldnmío dk `ustl gfofgkr cl fpmom÷o hk cfs kdpcklhfs, pfrquk tko`ldfs ko gukotl quk plrl quk kxmstl uo nuko auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl, tfhfs tkokdfs quk pfokr pukstl cl gldmsktl, y tfhfs hknkdfs skotmrofs plrtk hk kccl. Dk `ustl quk tfhfs cfs motk`rlotks hk cl kdprksl sk smkotlo g÷dfhfs.

0) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrl motkr`kokrlgmfolc gmfolc ko cl kdprksl6 Bly vkgks quk bly gfoacmgtfs motkr`kokrlgmfolcks kotrk cfs dmcckoomlcsy cfs dls `rlohks, pkrf of sfo gfoacmgtfs prfpmldkotk hmgbfs, dås quk olhl sfo hmakrkogmls ko cl afrdl hk trlnlif y ko cfs dfhfs. Ukrf sukck blnkr uol duy nukol gfovmvkogml.

2) ¶\uí moacukogml tmkok cl tkgofcf`äl, lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlcko tlckotf tf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Xk hmräl quk uo 55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ > L ^KWUFOWLNCK HKC Ì^KL HK ^KG[^WFW B[DLOFW HK KDU^KWL L ) ¶Guìcks sfo cfs algtfrks moacuyko moacuykotks tks lc dfdkotf hk cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Urmogmplcdkotk, kc slnkr utmcmzlr cls oukvls tkgofcf`äls y kc kstlr lgtulcmzlhf ks uo algtfr quk tkokdfs duy ko gukotl lc dfdkotf hk cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotf dmcckoomlc. ¶\uí plsl gfo kc tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Ukrtkokgko l uol `kokrlgm÷o quk yl olgmkrfo gfo cl tkgofcf`äl, kotfogks mogcusmvk lyuhlo l ftrls `kokrlgmfoks l quk sk aldmcmlrmgko gfo kc usf hk kstl.  Lquä tkokdfs uo `rupf quk glplgmtl ko kc usf hk bkrrldmko bkrrldmkotls tls tkgofc÷`mgls l sus gfdplükrfs pkrtkokgmkotks l ftrls `kokrlgmfoks.

7) ¶G÷df hk hkamomräl amomräl us ustkh tkh kc tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Of qumkrf skr pkyfrltmvf gfo ftrls `kokrlgmfoks, pkrf kc tlckotf dmcckoomlc ks auohldkotlc ko tfhl kdprksl, pfr kc bkgbf hk quk sfo oltmvfs hm`mtlcks y hk quk smkdprk kstìo prkhmspukstfs l gffpkrlr gfo cls ftrls `kokrlgmfoks. Xmkoko uol glcmhkz y olturlcmhlh ko kc trltf kspkgmlc.

8) ¶Ufr quí plrl ustkh ks md mdpfrtlotk pfrtlotk rktkok rktkokrr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl kdprksl6 6 Ufr cf dmsdf quk tk gfdkotí lotkrmfrdkotk, pfrquk sfo oltmvfs hm`mtlcks y pfrquk kstìo smkdprk prkhmspukstfs l gffpkrlr gfo ftrls `kokrlgmfoks. Cfs okgksmtldfs, olhmk dlokil cfs rkgursfs tkgofc÷`mgfs quk okgksmtldfs gfdf kccfs, sm lplrkgk uo rkgursf tkgofc÷`mgf oukvf kccfs yl cf slnko dlokilr.

;) ¶Guìcks sfo cls kstrltk`mls quk ustkh kdpckl lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Kdpckf kstrltk`mls kgfo÷dmgl kgfo÷dmglss y tldnmío kstrltk`mls sfgmlcks.

Cls kstrltk`mls

kgfo÷dmgls sk gkotrlo ko hktkrdmolhfs nkokamgmfs gfdf häls cmnrks, uol skdlol kxtrl hk vlglgmfoks lc lüf y prkdmfs hk hksgukotfs f vfugbkrs hk gfdprl.

;; hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

1) ¶Gfo qumíoks hknltk lgkrgl hk cls kstrl kstrltk`mls tk`mls l kdpcklr ko cf rkspkgtmvf lc tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Gfo cfs cähkrks hk cls hmakrkotks ìrkls hk cl kdprksl.

0) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrl motkr`kokrlgmfolc gmfolc ko cl kdprksl6 Ks duy nukol, pfrquk cfs dmcckoomlcs lyuhlo dugbf l ftrls `kokrlgmfoks y tmkoko duy nukol prkhmspfsmgm÷o. prkhmspfsmgm÷o. L vkgks sk susgmtlo hktkrdmolhfs gfoacmgtfs pkrf sfo plslikrfs.

2) ¶\uí moacukogml tmkok cl tkgofcf`äl, lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlcko tlckotf tf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Xmkok dugbl moacukogml hknmhf l quk cfs dmcckoomlcs ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk olgm÷ gfo cl tkgofcf`äl hknlif hkc nrlzf y ko kstfs tmkdpfs ks auohldkotlc kc dlokif hk cl moafrdlgm÷o y cl tkgofcf`äl.

;1 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ < L ^KWUFOWLNCK HKC Ì^KL HK ^KG[^WFW B[DLOFW HK KDU^KWL N ) ¶Guìcks sfo cfs algtfrk algtfrkss moacuykotks lc dfdkotf hk cl rktkog rktkogm÷o m÷o hk tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Cl tkgofcf`äl smo omo`uol huhl. Gulohf hm`f dmcckoomlc ks mdpfsmnck of lsfgmlrcf lc algtfr tkgofc÷`mgf. Lhkdìs ks uol `kokrlgm÷o duy prkhmspukstl l sfgmlnmcmzlr y l lyuhlr l ftrfs hkotrf hk cl kdprksl. Xldnmío sfo smdpcks y smogkrfs.

7) ¶G÷df hkamomräl ustkh kc tlck tlckotf otf d dmcckoomlc6 mcckoomlc6 Xk sfy smogkrf, of pfhkdfs prksgmohmr hk cfs dmcckoomlc, pfrquk kccfs ofs koskülo pkrdlokotkdkotk, kstìo lgtulcmzlhfs gfo kc tkdl hk cl tkgofcf`äl y dugbls vkgks ofs trlko ofvkhlhks sfnrk lpcmglgmfoks quk smrvko plrl mdpckdkotlr ko cl kdprksl. Lc`uofs dmcckoomlcs kstìo pkrdlokotkdkotk nusglohf ofvkhlhks tkgofc÷`mgls y ofs trlko ksls ofvkhlhks quk gblrcldfs y cls lpcmgldfs sm sfo vmlncks. Wfo duy hmakrkotks hk cfs ftrfs hk ftrls `kokrlgmfoks ko kc bkgbf quk of cks `ustl kstlr kogkrrlhfs ko uol famgmol 2 f 55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

1) ¶Gfo qumíoks hknltk lgkrgl hk cls kstrltk`mls l kdpcklr ko cf rkspkgtmvf lc tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Gfo tfhfs cfs motk`rlotks hk cl kdprksl. Ko uol kdprksl, tfhfs sfdfs mdpfrtlotks pfr kc s÷cf bkgbf hk quk afrdldfs plrtk hk kccl.

0) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrl motkr`kokrlgmfolc gmfolc ko cl kdprksl6  L vkgks bly tkosmfoks prfpmls hk cl gfovmvkogml gfovmvkogml,, pkrf `kokrlcdko `kokrlcdkotk tk cl gfovmvkogm gfovmvkogml l ks nukol kotrk cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc y cfs dlyfrks. Wm nmko sfo hmstmotfs, cfs dmcckoomlcs glplgmtlo l cfs ftrfs ko kc usf hk cls tkgofcf`äls.

2) ¶\uí moacukogml tmkok cl tkgof tkgofcf`äl, cf`äl, lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlckotf tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Gfostmtuyk uo lspkgtf auohldkotlc lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl. Ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk olgm÷ gfo cl tkgofcf`äl y quk ks prmdfrhmlc plrl tfhl fr`lomzlgm÷o.

;2 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ > L ^KWUFOWLNCK HKC Ì^KL HK ^KG[^WFW B[DLOFW HK KDU^KWL N ) ¶Guìcks sfo cfs algtfrk algtfrkss moacuykotks lc dfdkotf hk cl rktkog rktkogm÷o m÷o hk tlckotf dmcckoomlc6 Ko ksk glsf ks kc dlokif hk cl tkgofcf`äl y cl prkhmspfsmgm÷o blgml cfs gldnmfs. Ulrtmguclrdkotk nusgldfs pkrsfols quk kstío prkhmspukstls l cfs hkslaäfs y quk of sk rksmstlo l cfs gldnmfs.

7) ¶G÷df hkamomräl ustkh kc tlck tlckotf otf d dmcckoomlc6 mcckoomlc6 Wfo oltmvfs hm`mtlcks, kstìo lnmkrtfs l cfs gldnmfs y cks `ustlo cfs hkslaäfs. Ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk okgksmtldfs plrl kc grkgmdmkotf hk cl kdprksl.

8) ¶Ufr quí plrl ustkh ks md mdpfrtlotk pfrtlotk rktkok rktkokrr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko ko cl kdprk kdprksl6 sl6 Ufrquk kccfs lyuhlo lc grkgmdmkotf hk cl kdprksl, ¶Hk quí dlokrl6 Urkskotlohf kstrltk`mls hk grkgmdmkotf, grklohf f glplgmtìohfofs ko oukvls bkrrldmkotls tkgofc÷`mgls. Xk hfy uo kikdpcf. Ofsftrfs trlnlildfs gfo uo mdpfrtlotk vfcudko hk moafrdlgm÷o pkrf of blnäldfs ksgugblhf blnclr hk Nm` Hltl. [of hk cfs dmcckoomlcs vmof gfo uo tutfrmlc sfnrk kc Nm` Hltl y yl gfdkozldfs l mdpckdkotlrcf ko cl kdprksl. Wm of krl pfr íc, sk`urldkotk sk`uäldfs utmcmzlohf sfatwlrks fnsfcktfs. Olgmkrfo gfo cl tkgofcf`äl, sfo auohldkotlck auohldkotlcks. s.

;) ¶Guìcks sfo cls kstr kstrltk`mls ltk`mls quk ustkh kdpckl kdpckl lc dfdkotf hk rktk rktkokr okr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 [tmcmzldfs kstrltk`mls kgfo÷dmgls kgfo÷dmgls pkrf quk of sfo kspkgäamgldkotk kc slclrmf, smof quk tk pfhräl hkgmr quk tldnmío sfo kstrltk`mls sfgmlcks, pfrquk sk gkotrlo ko dkifrlr cl glcmhlh hk vmhl hkc trlnlilhfr. ¶Hk quí dlokrl6 L trlvís hk nkokamgmfs ko gursfs hk glplgmtlgm÷o `rltumtfs, vfugbkr ko tmkohls, `mdolsmfs y tlrhks cmnrks, sk`ùo fniktmvfs y cf`rfs.

;= hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

1) ¶Gfo qumíoks hknltk lgkrgl hk cls kstrltk`ml kstrltk`mlss l kdpcklr ko cf rkspkgtmvf lc tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 @kokrlcdkotk gfo kc hmrkgtfrmf, pkrf sm lc`ùo kdpcklhf tmkok lc`uol kstrltk`ml, tldnmío cl ksgugbf.

0) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrl motkr`kokrlgmfolc gmfolc ko cl kdprksl6 Duy nukol.

2) ¶\uí moacukogml tmkok cl tkgof tkgofcf`äl, cf`äl, lc dfdkotf hk rktkokr tlckotf tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Ks prmdfrhmlc. Of pukhf hkilr hk lsfgmlr lc tlckotf dmcckoomlc gfo cl tkgofcf`äl. Ldnfs sfo auohldkotlcks ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks lgtulcks. Wm uo tlckotf dmcckoomlc tkgofc÷`mgf dk pclotkl quk qumkrk mrsk l ftrl kdprksl, lolcmzldfs nmko kc pfrquk, rkpclotkldfs cf okgkslrmf y cugbldfs pfr gfoskrvlrcf.

15 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ < L HM^KGXMQF HK KDU^KWL L ) ¶Gfosmhkrl quk ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlcko tlckotf tf dmcckoomlc ko cl kd kdprksl6 prksl6 ¶Ufr quí6 Wä, ks lgkrtlhf pfrquk cfs okgksmtldfs y l su vkz, pkrsfols quk of tko`lo dmkhf hk cfs gldnmfs pkrdlokotks y hk cfs hkslaäfs. Gulohf kdpkz÷ cl plohkdml, tuvmdfs quk rkfr`lomzlrofs y kccfs ofs lyuhlrfo gfo kc usf hk cls bkrrldmkotls tkgofc÷`mgls plrl lhlptlrofs l kstl oukvl vmhl y lc bfdk faamgk, ofs auk nlstlotk nmko ofs lhkguldfs nlstlotk rìpmhf.

7) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrl motkr`kokrlgmfolc gmfolc ko cl kdprksl6 Ks duy nukol. 8) ¶Ko quí sk hkstlgl cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckooml dmcckoomlcc ko cl kdprksl6 ¶Ko quí sk hkstlgl6 Ko quk of sí g÷df skräl cl vmhl fr`lomzlgmfolc smo kccfs. Ofs dftmvlo l ofsftrfs ko tmkdpfs hmaägmcks. Wfo auohldkotlcks plrl cl kdprksl ko cl moofvlgm÷o moofvlgm ÷o pkrdlokotk.

;) Hkshk su cmhkrlz`f, ¶\ ¶\uí uí kstrltk`ml lgfos lgfoskilräl kilräl plrl rktk rktkokr okr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 Ko quk cfs hkiko skr, ko quk of sk cks mdpmhl grkgkr om plrtmgmplr hk cls hkgmsmfoks y kstrltk`mls hk cls kdprksls. L hmlrmf tkokdfs quk lprkohkr hk kccfs. ^ktfdf cl smtulgm÷o quk tk gfotí. Gulohf gfdkoz÷ cl plohkdml, kstìnldfs kvlculohf gfdf sk`umr, y sm sk`uäldfs!, cfs oùdkrfs of ofs gkrrlnlo y blnäl quk rklhkgulrofs ko tfhf lspkgtf. Kccfs ofs dftmvlrfo l quk cf motkotìrldfs y ofs glplgmtlrfo ko kc usf hk lpcmglgmfoks y bkrrldmkotls tkgofc÷`mgls. Kccfs aukrfo cl cuz ko oukstrf gldmof –fsgurf—. @rlgmls l kccfs ofs rkmovkotldfs y lhlptldfs.

1< hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ > L HM^KGXMQF HK KDU^KWL L )

¶Gfosmhkrl quk ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 ¶Ufr quí6

Gclrf quk ks lgkrtlhf, ks dìs, dk lrrmks`f l lgfoskilr lc`f, l quk tfhl kdprksl motk`rk tlckotf dmcckoomlc, of sk lrrkpkotmrìo y tfhfs cfs häls lprkohkrìo lc`f. Kccfs sfo kc auturf hk glhl fr`lomzlgm÷o.

7)

¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkogml motkr`kokrlgmfol motkr`kokrlgmfolcc ko cl kdprksl6

Ks kxgkckotk. Xmkoko sus hmakrkogmls gfo cfs dlyfrks l kccfs pkrf sk lhlptlo nmko.

8)

¶Ko quí sk hkstlgl cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6

]f cfs pfhräl hkamomr gfo plclnrls9 –Xkgofcf`äl—, –Moofvlgm÷o—, –Ufsmtmvfs—. ¶Ufr quí6 Ufrquk sfo dfhkrofs y tkgofc÷`mgfs, kstìo pkrdlokotkdkotk lnmkrtfs l cfs gldnmfs y sfo pfsmtmvfs.

;)

Hkshk su cmhkrlz`f, ¶\uí kstrltk`ml lgfoskilräl plrl rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6

\uk mdpckdkotko kstrltk`mls ko afrdl pkrdlokotk, pfrquk of ofs fcvmhkdfs quk ks uol `kokrlgm÷o quk lc kstlr lnmkrtl l cfs gldnmfs, sk lnurrko aìgmcdkotk, kotfogks bly quk dftmvlrcfs gfotmouldkotk, gfotmouldkotk, cfs mogkotmvfs smkdprk tmkoko quk tkokr ko gukotl kstfs algtfrks.

1> hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ < L HM^KGXMQF HK KDU^KWL N ) ¶Gfosmhkrl quk ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlcko tlckotf tf dmcckoomlc ko cl kd kdprksl6 prksl6 ¶Ufr quí6 Kc tlckotf dmcckoomlc ks kskogmlc ko cl kdprksl

7) ¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkog gfovmvkogml ml motkr`kokrl motkr`kokrlgmfolc gmfolc ko cl kdprksl6 Ks nukol pfrquk cfs dmcckoomlcs sk gfdpckdkotlo gfo cfs dìs `rlohks.

8) ¶Ko quí sk hkstlgl cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckooml dmcckoomlcc ko cl kdprksl6 Kstì pkrdlokotkdkotk lnmkrtl l cfs gldnmfs y blgko hkc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl su prfpmf algtfr hk gfdpktmtmvmhlh, ks dìs kccfs ofs blgko vkr quí mdpfrtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl plrl cls fr`lomzlgmfoks. Ofs lyuhlo l hksgunrmr bkrrldmkotls quk blgko tfhf dìs kamglz. Ufr kikdpcf, kc usf hk cls rkhks sfgmlcks plrl glptlr oukvfs gcmkotks ks mogrkänck.

;) Hkshk su cmhkrlz`f, ¶\ ¶\uí uí kstrltk`ml lgfos lgfoskilräl kilräl plrl rktk rktkokr okr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 \uk mdpckdkotko kstrltk`mls moofvlhfrls y quk of sk gkotrko tlotf ko kc algtfr kgfo÷dmgf, hknmhf l quk sm nmko cl kgfofdäl ks mdpfrtlotk plrl cfs dmcckoomlcs, dìs mdpfrtlotk sfo cls oukvls kxpkrmkogmls y cls vmvkogmls

17 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ > L HM^KGXMQF HK KDU^KWL N )

¶Gfosmhkrl quk ks lgkrtlhf rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6 ¶Ufr quí6

Ks mohmspkoslnck. Xfhl kdprksl hknk tkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc, lhkdìs yl kstìo ko tfhfs clhfs, qumko of cfs tko`l tlrhlrì dìs ko lhlptlrsk lc auturf.

7)

¶G÷df ks cl gfovmvkogml motkr`kokrlgmfol motkr`kokrlgmfolcc ko cl kdprksl6

Duy nukol, smo dlyfrks prfnckdls. L vkgks sk gfdplrlo kotrk kccfs y sk dlrglo hmakrkogmls pkrf hkspuís sk hlo gukotl quk sk okgksmtlo dutuldkotk.

8)

¶Ko quí sk hkstlgl cl `kokrlgm÷o dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6

Xkgofcf`äl, mhkls, vmsm÷o moofvlhfrl moofvlhfrl hk cls gfsls y dugbls dìs.

;)

Hkshk su cmhkrlz`f, ¶\uí kstrltk`ml lgfoskilräl plrl rktkokr tlckotf dmcckoomlc ko cl kdprksl6

Cl prmogmplc kstrltk`ml quk lgfoskilräl ks blgkrcf afrdlr plrtk hk cls hkgmsmfoks hk cl kdprksl. L kccfs cks `ustl plrtmgmplr, kotfogks olhl dkifr quk motk`rlrcfs.

18 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ < L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 Bly uol rklcmhlh y ks quk of pfhkdfs kstlr smo tkgofcf`äl. Cl kdprksl hknk kstlr lgtulcmzlhl ko kstk tkdl. Dugbls vkgks iuotf l dms gfdplükrfs cckvldfs ofvkhlhks gfdf oukvls lpcmglgmfoks f sfatwlrks. Amiltk quk sk pukhk gfrtlr cl cuz y gfo cl nltkräl hkc gkcuclr y hltfs pfhís sk`umr trlnlilohf, pkrf smo hltfs f motkrokt of pfhís blgkr olhl, bfy tfhf plsl pfr cl tkgofcf`äl t kgofcf`äl y cl moafrdlgm÷o.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Ofs cckvldfs duy nmko y yf trltf hk lyuhlr l ftrfs quk cks gukstl cl tkgofcf`äl f quk prkamkrko of utmcmzlrcl. ]f dk smkotf gfo kccfs y cks vfy dfstrlohf gfdf cl tkgofcf`äl tk blgk tfhf dìs aìgmc.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6  Ldnls dk plrkgko mdpfrtlotks pkrf prkamkrf `lolr uo pfgf dkofs pkrf kstlr trloqumcf, pfrquk uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc cf`rl uo kxgkckotk auogmfoldmkotf hk tfhls cls ìrkls hk cl kdprksl. Wkräl ko vlof uo dlc gcmdl clnfrlc gfo uol dlyfr rkduokrlgm÷o, trlnlilräl ko uo ldnmkotk hk bfstmcmhlh y hk kstrís y tlrhk f ttkdprlof kdprlof tk tkrdmolräls ykohf.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Olgä gfo cl tkgofcf`äl y smogkrldkotk of pfhräl vmvmr smo kccl, pfr kccf gfosmhkrf quk oukstrl `kokrlgm÷o hknk gfogmkotmzlr sfnrk cl mdpfrtlogml hk lpcmglr cl tkgofcf`äl ko cls fr`lomzlgmfoks, fr`lomzlgm foks, lhkdìs hk quk dk `ustl nusglr afrdls hk dkifrlr y fptmdmzlr cfs prfgksfs.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6 Xfhfs sfdfs duy nukofs gfdplükrfs, pkrf lc`uols pkrsfols cks gukstl lc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl. Ksf ks cf ùomgf quk dk hmakrkogml hk kccfs, cuk`f of tko`f t ko`f ftrl grätmgl plrl blgkr.

1; hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kkck`mr ck`mr uol nukol prfp prfpukstl ukstl clnfrlc6 \uk dk hkiko skr plrtk hk cl fr`lomzlgm÷o, quk of dk gmkrrko cls pukrtls l prkskotlr mhkls, ksf dk tmrl lnlif. Dk `ustl skr plrtägmpk hkc grkgmdmkotf hk cl kdprksl.

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl pkrspkgtmvl6 6 Urfpfohräl quk ko tfhl kdprksl blyl uo ìrkl –ifvko— y quk ksl ìrkl sk koglr`uk hk prfpfokr mhkls plrl dkifrlr kc rkohmdmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk kc usf hk cls oukvls tkgofcf`äls. Grkf quk tfhfs auogmfoldfs dkifr ko kqumpf, kotfogks skräl duy nukof grklr uo `rupf ifvko ko tfhl fr`lomzlgm÷o quk sk kogukotrk hmspukstf l lyuhlr y lpfrtlr mhkls.

11 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ > L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 Of pukhf gfogknmr uol fr`lomzlgm÷o smo tkgofcf`äl. Grkf quk cl kdprksl/ok`fgmf quk of lpcmgl tkgofcf`äl ko cl lgtulcmhlh, rlrldkotk pfhräl cck`lr lc íxmtf, sk qukhlräl ko kc gldmof rkspkgtf l cls ftrls quk sm cf blrälo.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Dk cckvf duy nmko pfrquk trltf hk lyuhlr l lqukccfs gfdplükrfs, bly hmakrkogmls, pkrf sfo ofrdlcks plrl cl glotmhlh hk tmkdpf quk gfdplrtmdfs.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 Urkamkrf uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc pfrquk gfo uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc sk trlnlil l `ustf. M`ulc cl rkduokrlgm÷o ks mdpfrtlotk. Of tko`f prfnckdls ko gldnmlr hk trlnlif sm cl prfpukstl ks supkrlhfrl.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Dk gfosmhkrf uo dmcckoomlc pfrquk vmvf hk cl tkgofcf`äl, plrl dä cl tkgofcf`äl kstì ko tfhfs cfs lspkgtfs hk dm vmhl.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6  L kccfs cks pukhk gfstlr uo pfgf dìs kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl, of olgmkrfo gfo cl tkgofcf`äl, yf sä.

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kck`mr uol nukol prfpuks prfpukstl tl clnfrlc6 \uk dk pkrdmtlo grkgkr y quk dk pkrdmtlo plrtmgmplr hk cls hkgmsmfoks, ks hkgmr yf prkvlckzgf cl cmnkrtlh y of dk `ustl trlnlilr nlif prksm÷o om ko kotfrofs rä`mhfs smof ko fr`lomzlgmfoks ko hfohk blyl uo nuko ldnmkotk y of blyl uo ikak kstrmgtf f quk of sk pukhlo pclotklr mhkls, smof bfrmzfotlc, ko hfohk tfhfs skldfs plrtägmpks.

10 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl6  Lhdmrf cls kstrltk`mls hk dftmvlgm÷o quk utmcmzlo kdprksls gfdf @ff`ck, ldnmkotks hk trlnlif rkclilhfs ko quk sk pukhl kxprkslr cmnrkdkotk. Cl dftmvlgm÷o ks auohldkotlc a uohldkotlc pfr ksf yf grkf quk ko cl kdprksl, blnräl quk prkstlrck dìs ltkogm÷o l cl dftmvlgm÷o.

12 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ 7 L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 Ks duy mdpfrtlotk, hmräl quk ks auohldkotlc ko cfs tmkdpfs lgtulcks. Xkgofcf`äl ks smo÷omdf hk gfduomglgm÷o y kamglgml, ks mdpfsmnck uo ìdnmtf clnfrlc smo kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl. Blgk tfhf dìs smdpck y prlgtmgf.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Dk cckvf duy nmko smo prfnckdls, qumzìs cfs dìs i÷vkoks sfdfs dìs uomhfs y cfs dlyfrks sfo dìs mohmvmhu mohmvmhulcmstls, lcmstls, pkrf gfovmvmdfs nmko.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 Urkamkrf uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc, pfrquk gfo uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc sk cf`rlo nukofs rksuctlhfs, kotrk kccfs, uol nukol rkduokrlgm÷o pfrquk dkifrl cl prfhugtmvmhlh. Xldnmío prkamkrf nkokamgmfs l plrtk hkc sukchf, gfdf uol nukol fnrl sfgmlc, prkdmfs, ktg…gfdf lgì tkokdfs.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Ufrquk sfy hk cl `kokrlgm÷o hk cl tkgofcf`äl y hk cfs gldnmfs.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6  L dms gfdplükrfs cks gukstl dìs kc usf hk cl tkgofcf`äl y cfs gldnmfs, ofsftrfs cfs dmcckoomlcs tfhf cf gfotrlrmf.

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kkck`mr ck`mr uol nukol prfp prfpukstl ukstl clnfrlc6 Urmfrmzf skotmrdk g÷dfhf y pfhkr blgkr bfdk faamgk gulohf sk pukhl y hmspfokr hk tmkdpfs ackxmncks.

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl6 Urfpfohräl quk blyl dìs bfdk faamgk plrl quk cfs kdpcklhfs sk smkotlo uo pfgf dìs cmnrks. Of sm`omamgl quk kc bfdk faamgk cmnkrk rkspfoslnmcmhlhks om quk vls l trlnlilr dkofs, pkrf sä quk kc kdpcklhf tko`l ackxmnmcmhlh. 

1= hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ 8 L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 ]f olgä gfo cl tkgofcf`äl, ks mdpfsmnck mdl`molrdk uol vmhl smo kccl, vmvf gfo dm gkcuclr pkrdlokotkdkotk, usf dugbls lpcmglgmfoks y cls rkhks sfgmlcks. Kc trlnlif smo gfdpu skrml prkbmst÷rmgf gfo plpkcks y cmnrfs….ksf yl auk. 

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Duy nmko, trltldfs hk kotkohkrofs.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6  Ldnls, pkrf prkamkrf uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc. X Xldnmío ldnmío dk `ustlo dugbfs cfs nkokamgmfs quk tkokdfs ko cl kdprksl.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Wm. Dk koglotl cl tkgofcf`äl gfdf hmik lotks, tldnmío dk koglotl vmlilr…lbfrrf tfhf kc lüf plrl blgkr uo vmlik ko dms vlglgmfoks quk hmsarutf gfo tfhf.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6  L ftrls `kokrlgmfo `kokrlgmfoks ks tmkoko dmkhf lc gldnmf y sfo dìs gfoskrvlh gfoskrvlhfrks, frks, tfhf cf gfotrlrmf, l cfs dìs i÷vkoks.

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc df dfdkotf dkotf hk kck`m kck`mrr uol nukol prfpuk prfpukstl stl clnfrlc6 Wukchf, skotmrdk l `ustf y pfhkr vmlilr. Xldnmío blgkr gursfs y glplgmtlgmfoks sk`umhf.

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl6 Urfpfohräl quk tfhfs cfs motk`rlotks hk cl kdprksl plrtmgmpkdfs dìs y prfpfo`ldfs oukvls mhkls hk afrdl a frdl pkrdlokotk.

05 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ ; L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo sk`ùo tu pkrgkpgm÷o6 Hk < lc 5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ 1 L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo sk`ùo tu pkrgkp pkrgkpgm÷o6 gm÷o6 Ks auohldkotlc cl tkgofcf`äl ko kc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, dìs ko cfs tmkdpfs lgtulcks ko hfohk tfhf ks tkgofc÷`mgf. Cls gfsls slcko dìs rìpmhf, gfo dkofs ksaukrzf y gfo dkifrks rksuctlhfs. Xfhf sk blgk dìs smdpck y aìgmc y sk gfdkotko dkofs krrfrks.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Dk cckvf duy nmko, sfdfs duy gfdplükrfs.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 Urkamkrf smkdprk uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc. Luoquk of trlnlif `rltms, qumkrf quk sk dk rkgfdpkosk pfr dms rksuctlhfs.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Ufrquk hkpkohf uo hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ 0 L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 Ulrl dä cl tkgofcf`äl ks duy mdpfrtlotk ko tfhfs cfs lspkgtfs, of sfcldkotk ko kc ìdnmtf clnfrlc. ]f vmvf gfo kc gkcuclr ltlhf ko cl dlof y hkpkohk dugbf hk ksf, gulohf slc`f hk glsl sm dk fcvmhk cl nmccktkrl of mdpfrtlotk pkrf sm dk fcvmhk kc gkcuclr vukcvf l nusglrcf.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Dk cckvf duy nmko pfrquk trltldfs hk quk cls hmakrkogmls of ofs skplrko.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 Urkamkrf uo nuko gcmdl, lotks quk uo pfgf dìs hk pcltl, luoquk mhklcdkotk skrälo cls hfs gfsls.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Ufrquk olgä y grkgä gfo cl tkgofcf`äl.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6 Ko quk cls ftrls `kokrlgmfo `kokrlgmfoks ks pukhko vmvmr smo tkgofcf`äl, yf of.

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kkck`mr ck`mr uol nukol prfp prfpukstl ukstl clnfrl clnfrlc6 c6 Ko quk blyl ackxmnmcmhlh y nukol glcmhlh hk vmhl clnfrlc.

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl6 \uk tfhfs pfhldfs lpfrtlr mhkls.

07 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ 2 L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 Ks duy mdpfrtlotk.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kokr `kokrlgmfoks lgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Gfo cl dlyfräl dk cckvf nmko, kxgkptf uo plr hk glsfs.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 [ol nukol rkduokrlgm÷o, trlnlif pfr hmokrf.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Ufrquk cl tkgofcf`äl yl kstì mogfrpfrlhl ko dä.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6 Ko quk dm `kokrlgm÷o sk lhlptk aìgmcdkotk l cfs gldnmfs y cfs dls `rlohks cks gukstl. Xmkoko uol vmhl duy dfo÷tfol.

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kkck`mr ck`mr uol nukol prfpuks prfpukstl tl clnfrlc6 \uk blyl ackxmnmcmhlh.

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl6 Urfpfohräl quk cl kdprksl mogfrpfrk lgtmvmhlhks gfdf `mdolsmf y slcl hk iuk`fs plrl quk ko cfs hksglosfs pfhldfs rkclilrofs. Xfdlr hk kikdpcf l kdprksls gfdf @ff`ck skräl uol nukol mhkl.

08 hk 0;

 

–Kstrltk`mls lpcmglhls ko cl rktkogm÷o hk tlckotfs dmcckoomlcs ko Uydks hk cl Gmuhlh hk ^fslrmf >55>5— >55>5—   DNL ‗ Dlksträl ko Lhdmomstrlgm÷o hk Kdprksls Lcudof9 Msdlkc Ulncf Lotuül

KOG[KWXL O¹ = L DMCCKOOMLC ) ¶\uí tlo mdpf mdpfrtlotk rtlotk ks cl tkgofcf`äl ko kkcc ìdnmtf clnfrlc, sk`ùo tu pkrg pkrgkpgm÷o6 kpgm÷o6 Ks duy mdpfrtlotk.

7) ¶G÷df tk cckvls gfo ftrls `kok `kokrlgmfoks rlgmfoks hko hkotrf trf hk cl kdprksl6 Dk cckvf duy nmko pfrquk lprkohmdfs l gfovmvmr gfo oukstrls hmakrkogmls y l lyuhlrofs. Bly nukol `kotk lquä.

8) ¶Urkamkrks uo nuko gcmdl clnfrlc f uol nukol rkduok rkduokrlgm÷o6 rlgm÷o6 [o nuko gcmdl clnfrlc ks lc`f movlcfrlnck. Xuvk ftrf trlnlif quk cl plsk duy dlc y hkgmhä slcmr kosk`umhl, of l`ulotk om 8 dksks.

;) ¶Ufr qu quíí tk gfos gfosmhkrìs mhkrìs uo dm dmcckoomlc6 cckoomlc6 Ufrquk of pfhräl vmvmr smo cl tkgofcf`äl.

1) ¶Ko quí tk hmakr hmakrkogmls kogmls hk ftrls ftrls `kokrlg `kokrlgmfoks mfoks quk gfovmv gfovmvko ko ko cl kdprksl6 kdprksl6 Ftrls `kokrlgmfoks sk rksmstko l cfs gldnmfs y of ck hlo tlotl mdpfrtlogml l cls rkhks sfgmlcks y ftrfs dkhmfs hk gfduomglgm÷o dfhkrofs.

0) ¶\uí lspkgtf prmfrmzls lc d dfdkotf fdkotf hk kkck`mr ck`mr uol nukol prfp prfpukstl ukstl clnfrl clnfrlc6 c6 Wkotmrdk plrtk hk cl kdprksl, ks hkgmr of sfdktkrdk l ikaks rä`mhfs, kc dlctrltf f cl moackxmnmcmhlh, yl plsk pfr ksf y of cf qumkrf dìs.

2) ¶G÷df dmcckoomlc quí prfpfohräls plrl dkifrlr kc auogmfoldmkotf hk cl kdprksl hkshk tu pkrspkgtmvl6 \uk ck hkdfs mdpfrtlogml l cl grkltmvmhlh y l cl moofvlgm÷o pkrdlokotk y quk smkdprk sk nusquk cl fpmom÷o hk cfs quk of sfdfs ikaks, lc dkofs slnkr quk pkosldfs.