Esqueleto Humano

El esqueleto humano Generalidades División para su estudio Composición química de los huesos Funciones del esqueleto Columna vertebral, costillas, esternón Cabeza ósea Esqueleto apendicular, Cinturas Actividades sobre las vertebras

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GENERALIDADES Osteología es la ciencia que estudia los huesos, cuyo conjunto recibe el nombre de esqueleto. El hombre posee un endoesqueleto formado por numerosas  piezas óseas, resistentes y duras llamadas huesos, según su forma se clasifican en: Huesos largos: largos: Intervienen en la realización de movimientos amplios.

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PARTES DEL ESQUELETO

Esqueleto Axial Esta constituido por: • Cabeza osea • Columna vertebral • Las costillas • El esternón

Esqueleto Apendicular  Esta constituido por: • Miembro superior  • Miembro inferior 

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COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA DE LOS HUESOS Los huesos estan formados por sustancias orgánicas e inorgánicas. La sustancia organica se denomina oseína y representa una tercera parte del total del hueso.Las hues o.Las sustancias inorgánicas son sales minerales, en forma de fosfatos y carbonatos de calcio y representan las dos terceras  partes restantes del hueso.

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FUNCIONES DEL ESQUELETO • Los huesos situados en medio de las partes blandas, sirven a éstas de apoyo e, incluso, a veces presentan cavidades más o menos profundas donde alojarlas y  protegerlas. EJ: cavidad craneana • Algunos huesos tienen la función de servir de soporte EJ: columna vertebral. Formar palancas que, mediante articulaciones y

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COLUMNA VERTEBRAL Constituida por piezas óseas y discoidales que se superponen llamadas vértebras. Según su localización: 7 Cervicales,12 dorsales, 5 lumbares, 5 sacras, 4 o 5 coccígeas. coccígeas . Caja torácica: es una caja ósea que aloja en su interior al corazón,  pulmones, y a los grandes vasos y a otros órganos vitales. Las costillas: son huesos planos que dispuestos en forma de arco entre la columna vertebral y el esternón, son 24, y por cada

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CABEZA OSEA Situada en la parte superior de la columna vertebral se divide en Cráneo y cara.

•

Huesos del Cráneo:

•

Huesos de la cara:

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ESQUELETO APENDICULAR . CINTURAS El miembro superior se compone de los siguientes huesos:

-Húmero, cubito y radio, carpos, metacarpos, falanges

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VISTA FRONTAL DE LA CABEZA

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VISTA LATERAL DE LA CABEZA OSEA

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Epífisis

Tejido óseo:: Compacto: es típico de la diáfisis de los huesos largos y de periféria de los demás

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