Escuela Clasica de La Criminologia

 

L_O\L@I O@I_HOI NL @I O]HJHEK@KBHI L` kmaltk fuenijleti` nl `i lsoul`i o`éshoi ls l` lstunhk y ieé`hshs nl` nl`htk y nl `i plei. Lsti lsoul`i sl misi le l` prheohphk nl` `hmrl i`mlnrhk, lstk quhlrl nlohr qul l` gkjmrl ls rlspkesim`l nl sus iotks. ... @i plei fueohkei okjk rltrhmuohÿe i` niùk qul l` nl`heouletl `l giol i `i skohlnin. Lsoul`is orhjhek`ÿbhois

Letlenljk Letlen ljkss pkr lso lsoul` ul`is is ohl ohlrti rtiss okr okrrhl rhletl etlss nl ple plesij sijhle hletk tk okh okheoh eohnle nletls tls le oke okeolp olptks tks méshoks nl nltlrjheini nhsohp`hei. Ouienk virhks iutkrls okheohnle le `i okeolpohÿe nl i`bueks okeolptks fuenijleti`ls okjk l` krhble y fuenijletk nl nlrlogk orhjhei`, l` nl`htk, `i rlspkesimh`hnin, `i plei, l` jètknk, `ks fhels nl` nlrlogks plei` y ktrks, nlohjks qul plrtlelole i nltlrjheini lsoul`i k qul okefkrjie ti` k oui` lsoul`i.

L_O\L@I O@I_HOI @i Lsoul`i @hmlri` o`éshoi ek okeshnlrimi i` nl`heouletl okjk ue slr nhflrletl nl `ks nljés, ek pirtêi nl `i ghpÿtlshs ghpÿtlshs nl  nl ue rêbhnk nltlrjhehsjk skmrl ouyi misl `i ohleohi ohleohi tuvhlsl  tuvhlsl pkr okjlthnk uei hevlsthbiohÿe hevlsthbiohÿe lthk`ÿbhoi  lthk`ÿbhoi skmrl `i orhjhei`hnin, shek qul sl nltleêi skmrl tknk le l` nl`ht nl`htk k letle letlenhnk nhnk okjk okeolptk okeolptk aurênhok,  aurênhok, ls nlohr okjk vhk`iohÿe nl` nlrlogk y tijmhèe nl iqul` piotk skohi` qul sl gi``imi, slbñe `i fh`kskfêi fh`kskfêi  pk`êthoi pk`êthoi nl`  nl` `hmlri`hsjk `hmlri`hsjk o`éshok,  o`éshok, le `i misl nl` Lstink Lstink y  y nl` nlrlogk.

L@ NL@HO\LE^L EK L_ \E _L] NHFL]LE^L NL @K_ NLJI_. (L_O\L@I O@I_HOI) Okjk okjpkrtijhletk okjpkrtijhletk,, l` nl nl`h`htk tk su surb rbêi êi nl `i `h`hmr mrl l vk`u vk`uet etin in nl` nl` henhvhnuk henhvhnuk,, ek nl oiusis pitk`ÿbhois pitk` ÿbhois,, y pkr l``k, nlsnl l` puetk nl vhsti nl `i `hmlrtin `hmlrtin y  y nl `i rlspkesimh`hnin jkri` jkri` nl  nl `is prkph prkphis is ioohkels ioohkels,, l` nl`heouletl ek lri nhflrletl, slbñe `i lsoul`i o`éshoi, nl` henhvhnuk ekrji`. Le okeslouleohi, l` nlrlogk plei` plei` y  y `i plei lrie okeshnlrinks pkr `i lsoul`i o`éshoi ek tietk okjk ue jlnhk piri jknhfhoir i` sualtk nl`heouletl, shek skmrl tknk okjk ue hestrujletk `lbi` piri nlflenlr i `i skohlnin skohlnin nl`  nl` orhjle, orlienk frletl i èstl, nkenl fulsl elolsirhk, ue nhsuishvk, ls nlohr uei oketrijkthviohÿe. @ks `êjhtls `êjhtls nl  nl `i okej okejheiohÿ heiohÿe e y nl `i ip`hoiohÿe `i imie sieohÿe plei`, okjk `is lshnin jkni`hninls nl`  lalrohohk nl `iy pktlstin puehthvi nl` Lst Lstink ink,nl , lst lstimi e slù slùi`i i`inks nksisêpkr `i elo elolsh nin k uth`hnin uth`hnin  nl `i plei pkr l` prheohphk nl `lbi`hnin `lbi`hnin..

@i _i _ieo eohk hke e Sl Slei ei`` sl slbñ bñe e `i Lsou Lsoul`i l`i O` O`is isho hoi i ek lri lri ue jl jlnh nhk k piri piri jk jknh nhfhfhoi oirr i` sual sualtk tk nl`heouletl, shek skmrl tknk okjk ue hestrujletk `lbi` piri nlflenlr i `i skohlnin nl` orhjle. Le ls lsttl ñ`t ñ`thjk hjk isplo splottk `i `iss ls lsou oul l`i `iss `h`hml mlri ri`l `lss o` o`és éshhois ois sl sh shttui uimi mie e okj okjk uei uei hestieohi orêthoi orêthoi frletl  frletl i `i préothoi plei` y plehtleohirhi nl` ieo`le rèbhjl y tleêie le `i jhri susthtuhr- `i pkr uei pk`êthoi orhjhei` hesphrini le prheohphks rinhoi`-jletl nhflrletls (prheohphk nl gujiehnin, prheohphk nl `lbi`h-nin, prheohphk nl uth`hnin). X tijmhèe le lstl slethnk, okjk laljp`k nl ue nhsoursk nhsoursk orêth  orêthok ok skmrl l` shstlji shstlji plei`  plei` y nl uei i`tlreithvi rinhoi` ietl è`, `is lsoul`is `hmlri`ls o`éshois gie okeohtink eulvk hetlrès hetlrès i  i `i `uz `uz nl  nl `is tlenleohis orhjhek`ÿbhoiss qul, oi qul, oket oketrk rkvh vhrt rthl hlen enk k l` jknl`k jknl`k  nl `i orhj orhjhe hek` k`kb kbêi êi pksh pkshththvh vhs-t s-ti, i, gie gie nlsp nlsp`i `izi zink nk

 

su itleohÿe itleohÿe nl  nl `i orhjhei`hnin i` nlrlogk plei`, giohlenk kmaltk i ijmks nl uei orêthoi rinhoi` nlsnl l` puetk nl vhsti skohk`ÿbhok y pk`êthok.

@i orhjhek`kbêi iotui`, i pirthr nl` iùk 98?3 , sl oiriotlrhzi pkr `i tlenleohi i suplrir  `is tlkrêis tlkrêis pitk`ÿbhois  pitk`ÿbhois nl `i orhjhei`hnin, ls nlohr iqul``is qul sl misie le `is oiriotlrêsthois mhk`ÿb mhk `ÿbhoi hoiss y psh pshok` ok`ÿbh ÿbhois ois qul nhf nhflrl lrleoh eohi-r i-rêie êie i `ks sua sualtk ltkss "orhjh "orhjhei` ei`ls" ls" nl `ks hen henhvh hvhnuk nukss "ekrji`ls", le `i orhjhek`kbêi elbiohÿe nl` pkshthvhsti `hmrl irmhtrhkqul, jlnhietl ue rêbhnk nltlrjh- yehsjk. tlkrêis lrie prkphisy nl hesphrini le `i fh`kskfêi le `i Lstis pshok`kbêi pshok`kbêi nl`  nl` pkshthvhs-jk eituri`hsti, prlnkjheÿ letrl fhels nl` shb`k pisink y okjhlezks nl` prlsletl. _hbul i `i okeolpohÿe pitk`ÿbhoi nè `i orhjhei`hnin (rlioohÿe, slbñe sl vlré, y i iethohpini pkr Nurdglhj Nurdglhj le  le `ks thljpks nl` prlnkjhehk nl ti` okeolpohÿe), `i jitrhz jitrhz pkshthvhsti  pkshthvhsti sumshstl gisti eulstrks nêis okjk fuenijleti` le `i ghstkrhi ghstkrhi nl  nl `i nhsohp`hei. X l``k ek sÿ`k pkrqul `i krhletiohÿe pitk`ÿbhoi y o`êehoi oketheñi hjplrienk le `i orhjhek`kbêi kfhohi`, shek tijmhèe pkrqul `is lsoul`is skohk`ÿbhois qul sl nlsirrk``ie nlsnl `ks iùks tr trlh lhet eti i le in inl` l`ie iettl, ls lsp plo lohi hi`j `jl let etl l le Lsti Lstink nkss \e \ehn hnks ks,, ok oket etri ripk pkeh ehèe èenk nksl sl ok okjk jk "skohk`kbêi skohk`kbêi orhjhei`"  orhjhei`" i `i ""ietrkpk`kbêi ietrkpk`kbêi orhjhei`",  orhjhei`", gie oketheuink pkr juogk thljpk thljpk y  y le pirtl okethe oke theñie ñie oke okeshn shnlri lrienk enk `i orhjhe orhjhek`kb k`kbêi êi skm skmrl rl tkn tknk k okj okjk k lst lstunh unhk k nl `is oiu oiusis sis nl `i orhjhei`hnin. Iuequl lstis krhletiohkels giyie nlsp`izink blelri`jletl `i itleohÿe nl `ks fiotkrls pkshthvhsti mhk`ÿbhoks ynlpshok`ÿbhoks i `ks okjk skohi`ls, nienknljiykr hjpkrtieohi ñ`thjks, jknl`k `i orhjhek`kbêi lstunhk `is oiusis k nl i`kslstks fiotkrls nl l` `i orhjhei`hnin orhjh ei`hnin (pirinhbji pirinhbji lthk`ÿbhok)  lthk`ÿbhok) -oke l` fhe nl henhvhnui`hzir `is jlnhnis inlouinis piri lxthebuhr`ks, hetlrvhehlenk skmrl tknk le l` sualtk orhjhei` (hokrrloohkei`hsjk)- plrshstl nl jielri nkjheietl nletrk nl `i skohk`kbêi orhjhei` oketljpkréeli. I` jleks, slbñe sl gi henhoink le `i hetrknuoohÿe hetrknuoohÿe,, jhletris lstl jknl`k ek gi shnk pulstk le nuni y pirohi` k tkti`jletl susthtuhnk pkr ue eulvk pirinhbji ohletêfhok, l` nl` `iml``heb ipprkiog pirinhbji nl `i rlioohÿe skohi`). @i okeohleohi okeohleohi nl  nl qul ek ls pkshm`l okeshnlrir `i orhjhei`hnin okmrk ue nitk prlokesthtuhnk i `is nlfhehohkels `lbi`ls nl ohlrtks okjpkrtijhletks y nl ohlrtks sualtks ls oiriotlrêsthoi, okjk sl vlré nlti``inijletl jés inl`ietl, nl `is nhvlrsis tlenleohis nl `i eulvi eul vi orhjhe orhjhek`k k`kbêi bêi hes hesphr phrini ini le lst lstl l pir pirinh inhbji bji.. @i oke okeshn shnlri lriohÿe ohÿe nl` orh orhjle jle okj okjk k ue okjpkrtijhletk nlfhehnk pkr l` nlrlogk, y l` rlogizk nltlrjhehsjk y nl `i okeshnlriohÿe nl` nl`he-ouletl okjk ue henhvhnuk nhflrletl, ske isplotks lsleohi`ls nl `i eulvi orhjhek`kbêi. ^lkrêi nl `i iekjhi

Siri Sir i Nur Nurdgl dglhj, hj, ls ue Lst Lstink ink sko skohi` hi`,, oir oiriot iotlrh lrhzin zink k pkr ue nlm nlmh`h h`htij tijhle hletk tk ble blelri lri`,`, le `i okeohleohi ok`lothvi, le l` qul sl vul`vle pkok o`irks `ks fhels nl` ioohkeir. Ls l` frioisk k `i iusleohi nl ue shstlji nl okevhoohkels jkri`ls irrihbinis ok`lothvijletl piri uei plrskei k brupk brupk skohi`.  skohi`. ]kmlrt Jlrtke rlnlfhehÿ l` okeolptk nl iekjhi, nl fkrji jés okeorlti, okjk iqul` prkolsk prkolsk,, prkphk prkph k nl `is skohlninls skohlninls jknlreis,  jknlreis, qul rlsu`ti nl` oijmhk oijmhk réphnk  réphnk nl `ks vi`krls vi`krls skohi`ls,  skohi`ls, she qul nè thljpk i su susthtuohÿe pkr ktrks vi`krls i`tlreithvks. Okjk rlsu`tink nl l``k, `ks henhvhnuks sl qulnie she vi`krls y ekrjis ekrjis qul  qul shrvie okjk rlflrletls piri su okenuoti okenuoti..

 

^lkrêis nl` oketrk` skohi` oketrk` skohi` k nl `ks vêeou`ks skohi`ls nl Ghrsogh

^r ^riv ivhs hs Ghrs Ghrsog oghh lxpk lxpkel el qu qul1 l1 "t "tkn knk k he henh nhvh vhnu nuk k ls ue hefr hefrio iotk tkrr pktl pktleo eohi hi`` y sÿ`k sÿ`k l` jhln jhlnk k i` niùk niùk  hrr hrrlpi lpirim rim`l `l qul pun punhlr hlri i koi koishk shkeir eir`l `l l` nl` nl`htk htk le sus rl` rl`ioh iohkel kelss hetlrp hetlrplrs lrskei kei`ls `ls l hesthtuohkei`ls, `k frlei". Skr `k tietk, `i oiusi nl `i orhjhei`hnin rlsu`tirêi nl` nlmh`htijhletk le l` henhvhnuk nl tknks `ks `izks k vheou`iohkels qul `k uele i `i skohlnin. @ks ouitrk fiotkrls qul nltlrjheie `i vheou`iohÿe nl` henhvhnuk i `i skohlnin1 9. Iplbk k `izks ljkohkei`ls oke ktris plrskeis. =. Okjprkjhsk k heghmhohkels skohi`ls pkr tljkr i pèrnhnis. ?. Sirthohpiohÿe le iothvhninls okevleohkei`ls >. Orlleohis fivkrim`ls i `ks vi`krls vi`krls lstim`lohnks.  lstim`lohnks. Oketlxtk nl rupturi nl `ks jloiehsjks nl vheou`iohÿe skohi` hefkrji`1 @I L_O\L@I SK_H^HVI

Lsti ls tknk `k oketrirhk i `i Lsoul`i O`éshoi, `i Lsoul`i Skshthvi sh tuvk uei lxhstleohi rli`, oke ue brupk nl aurhstis qul rltirke i ktrks aurhstis nl` oijpk piri pknlr   hjpkelr hjpkelr sus hnlis. \ei o`isl o`isl nl  nl hetl`lotui`ls hetl`lotui`ls  qu qul l gi giol ole e nl @K @KJM JM]K ]K_K _K ue alfl alfl y sus sus okek okekoh ohjh jhle letk tkss uei uei nkotrhei. FL]]H eks nhol qul " `i lsoul`i pkshthvi okeshstl le `k shbuhletl1 lstunhir i` nl`htk, prhjlrk le su bèelshs eituri`, y nlspuès le sus lflotks aurênhoks, piri iniptir aurênhoijletl i `is virhis oiusis qul `k prknuole `ks nhvlrsks rljlnhks, qul pkr okeshbuhletls slrée lfhoiols " Nlmhnk i `ks lxolsks nl `i Lsoul`i O`éshoi, eiol `i Lsoul`i Skshthvi. ^knk sl nlmhÿ i` imusk `i nlprkm`ljéthoi `i nkbjéthoi, i` k`vhnk nl` gkjmrl gkjmrl nl`heouletl  nl`heouletl i sus orlleohis nl gimlr nl gimlr ibktink aurênhok-plei`.

 

L` prheohpi` jlnhk nl nhfushÿe nl lsti lsoul`i ful `i rlvhsti rlvhsti "Iroghvh  "Iroghvh nh pshoghitrhi, sohlezl plei`h l ietrkpk`kbêi orhjhei`ls. Lerhok Flrrh (97, lnhtkr nl Ivieth , ue nhirhk skohi`hsti, okjk i su vlz ue ieth-rlfkrjhsti nletrk nl` Sirthnk _kohi`hsti Hti`hiek, ful l`lbhnk pkr l` fisohsjk fisohsjk okjk  okjk sleinkr  vhti`hohk 98=8, `ulbk nl qul sl su gumhlsl inglrletl hnlk`kbêi fisohsti  fisohsti le 98=?, shele ljmirbk ek pulnl isujhr pulstknlo`irink nlmhnk i su julrtl julrtl.. nl `i hnlk`kbêi ". @i vhni nl lsti lsoul lsoul`i `i gi shnk ibhtini y floueni, ``lei nl iohlrtks y nl lrrkrls tijmhèe, tijmhèe, isêê okjk is okjk gi tl tleh ehnk nk ju juog ogks ks qu qul l `i ip ipky kyie ie tijm tijmhè hèe e lsté lstée e `ks `ks qul qul `i ok oket etri rinh nhol ole. e. Ktrk okekohjhletk okekohjhletk  qu qul l FL FL]] ]]HH ek ekss lx lxp` p`ho hoi i ls ls11 "` "`i i lsou lsoul` l`i i orhj orhjhe hei` i` pksh pkshththvi vi ek okes okeshs hstl tl ñehoij ñeh oijlet letl, l, le l` lst lstunh unhk k iet ietrkp rkpk`ÿ k`ÿbho bhok k nl` orhjhe orhjhei`, i`, pul pulss oke okesth sthtuy tuyl l uei rle rlekvi kviohÿ ohÿe e okjp`lti, ue oijmhk rinhoi` nl jètknk ohletêfhok le l` lstunhk nl `i pitk`kbêi skohi` orhjhei`, y nl `ks qul giy nl jés lfhoiz letrl `ks rljlnhks skohi`ls y aurênhok qul eks kfrlol. @i ohleohi nl `ks nl`htks nl`htks y  y nl `is pleis lri uei lxpkshohÿe lxpkshohÿe nko  nkotrhei trhei`` nl sh`kb sh`kbhsjks hsjks,, ninks i `uz pkr `i fulrzi fulrzi lxo`ushvi  lxo`ushvi nl `i fietisêi `ÿbhoi `ÿbhoi44 eulstri lsoul`i gi glogk nl l``k uei ohleohi nl kmslrviohÿe kmslrviohÿe  pkshthvi, qul, fuenéenksl le `i ietrkpk`kbêi, `i pshok`kbêi y `i lstinêsthoi lstinêsthoi orhjhei`,  orhjhei`, y isê nl okjk l` nlrlogk plei` y `ks lstunhks plehtleohirhks, ``lbi i slr  `i ohleohi shetèthoi qul yk jhsjk `i ``ijk skohk`kbêi orhjhei`, y isê lsti ohleohi, ip`hoienk l` jètknk pkshthvk i` lstunhk nl` nl`htk, nl` nl`heouletl y nl` jlnhk, ek giol ktri oksi qul ``lvir  i `i ohleohi orhjhei` o`éshoi l` skp`k vhvhfhoinkr nl `is u`thjis l hrrlfribim`ls okequhstis glogis pkr `i ohleohi nl` gkjmrl y nl `i skohlnin, rlekvini pkr `is nkotrheis lvk`uohkehstis ". Nletrk nl `ks rlprlslet Nletrk rlprlsletietls ietls lsti lsoul lsoul`i, `i, tleljks i @KJM] @KJM]K_K, K_K, FL]]H X BI]KFI BI]KFI@K, @K, lstk ek quhlrl nlohr qul slie tknks shek qul oke l``ks ske oke `ks oui`ls sl jiroi jiroi l`  l` prheohphk nl uei okrrhletl qul ``lbirêi oke fulrzi gisti eulstrks nêis. @ks pkstu`inks nl lsti lsoul`i ske1 - @i Lsoul`i Skshthvi sl oiriotlrhzi pkr su jètknk ohletêfhok ohletêfhok.. - L` nl`htk ls ue glogk nl `i eituri`lzi eituri`lzi   y nlml lstunhirsl okjk ue letl rli`, iotui` y lxhstletl. - _u nltlrjhehsjk, ls tkti`jletl nltlrjhehsti lsti lsoul`i. - _usthtuyl `i rlspkesimh`hnin jkri` pkr `i rlspkesimh`hnin skohi`, skohi`, pulstk qul l` gkjmrl gkjmrl vhvl  vhvl le skohlnin y slré rlspkesim`ljletl skohi` jhletris vhvi le skohlnin. - L` glogk nl qul sh ek giy rlspkesimh`hnin jkri`, ek quhlrl nlohr qul sl pulnle qulnir  lxo`uhnk nl` nlrlogk. - L` okeolptk nl Slei sl susthtuyl pkr l` nl sieohÿe. - @i sieohÿe vi nl ioulrnk i `i pl`hbrkshnin nl` orhjhei`. - Lstis nlmle nurir jhletris nurl `i pl`hbrkshnin nl` nl`heouletl, y pkr lsk ske nl nuriohÿe henltlrjheini. - @i `ly `ly plei`  plei` ek rlstim`lol l` krnle aurênhok, shek qul thlel pkr jhshÿe jhshÿe `i  `i nl okjmithr `i orhjhei`hnin okeshnlrini okjk fleÿjlek skohi`. - L` nlrlogk i hjpkelr sieohkels plrtlelol i` Lstink i têtu`k nl nlflesi skohi`. - Jés hjpkrtietl qul `is pleis ske `ks sumsthtuthvks plei`ls.

 

- _l iolpti "thpks" orhjhei`ls. - @i `lbhs`iohÿe plei` nlml lstir misini le `ks lstunhks ietrkpk`ÿbhoks y skohk`ÿbhoks. - L` jètknk ls henuothvk - lxplrhjleti`. @is tlkrêis nl @kjmrksk skmrl l` nl`heouletl

@kjmrksk nhak qul `is oiusis nl `i orhjhei`hnin ske nl ioulrnk oke `i fkrji, oiusis fêshois y mhk`ÿbhois .\e isplotk pirthou`irjletl nhfuenhnk nl `i kmri nl @kjmrksk ls `i okeolpohÿe nl` nl`htk okjk rlsu`tink nl tlenleohis heeitis, nl krnle bleèthok, kmslrvim`ls le ohlrtks risbks fêshoks fêsh oks k fhske fhskeÿjhok ÿjhokss nl `ks nl`he nl`heoulet ouletls ls gimht gimhtui`ls ui`ls (ishj (ishjltrêi ltrêiss orie orieli`ls, li`ls, nltlrjhei nltlrjheinis nis fkr fkrjis jis nl jie jienêm nêmu`i u`i,, krl krlais ais,, iro iroks ks sup suplro lroh`h h`hirl irls, s, lto lto.). .). _he ljm ljmirb irbk, k, le sus kmr kmris is sl jleohkeie tijmhèe okjk fiotkrls orhjheÿbleks l` o`hji o`hji,, `i krkbrifêi, l` brink nl ohvh`hziohÿe, `i nleshnin nleshnin nl  nl pkm`iohÿe pkm`iohÿe,, `i i`hjletiohÿe i`hjletiohÿe,, l` i`okgk`hsjk i`okgk`hsjk,, `i hestruoohÿe, `i pkshohÿe lokeÿjhoi y gisti `i rl`hbhÿe rl`hbhÿe.. \e risbk ``ijithvk le su kmri ls `i orunlzi oke qul lxpkel i`bueis nl sus okeo`ushkels, qul rlsu`ti iñe jés ogkoietl ogkoietl i `i `uz nl `is hnlis qul prlnkjh prlnkjheie eie le `i orhjhek orhjhek`kbêi `kbêi `ulbk nl` koisk nl `i lsoul`i pkshthvi. Lsti orunlzi pulnl nlmlrsl i `i tlenleohi pkshthvhsti i nlspkair l` nhsoursk ohletêfhok nl tkni ktri okeshnlriohÿe ipirtl nl `i jlri nlsorhpohÿe nlsorhpohÿe nl  nl `i rli`hnin, l`unhlenk auhohks jkri`ls k slethjleti`ls. Skr laljp`k, rlfhrhèenksl i `k qul è` ``iji `i tlriphi nl` nl`htk, nhol1 "Le rli`hnin, piri `ks orhjhei`ls eitks inu`tks ek giy juogks rljlnhks1 ls elolsirhk k mhle slouls slo ulstri trir`k r`kss pir piri i shl shljpr jprl, l, le `ks ois oisks ks nl `ks heo heokrr krrlbh lbhm`l m`ls, s, k sup suprhj rhjhr` hr`ks, ks, oui ouienk enk su heokrr heo krrlbh lbhmh`h mh`hnin nin `ks tkr tkrei ei nlj nljish ishink ink pl` pl`hbr hbrksk kskss "Kt "Ktrk rk ris risbk bk oir oiriot iotlrê lrêsth sthok ok nl `i kmr kmri i nl @kjmrk @kj mrksk sk ls `i prl prloir oirhln hlnin in nl su jèt jètknk knk ohl ohletê etêfho fhok, k, frloul frlouletl etljle jletl tl nl `i kms kmslrv lrvioh iohÿe ÿe ljpêrhoi, ljpê rhoi, i vlols skmrl `i pkm`io pkm`iohÿe, hÿe, y nl rl`iohkels nl oiusi oiusi`hnin `hnin lsoisij lsoisijletl letl fuenini fueninis. s. Skr laljp`k, nl `i okjpiriohÿe letrl `i tljplrituri tljplrituri ieui  ieui`` jlnhi le `is nhsthetis prkvheo prkvheohis his nl Hti`hi Hti`hi  y l` êenhol nl gkjhohnhks gkjhohnhks  le oini uei nl l``is okeo`uyl @kjmrksk qul l` oi`kr   fivkrlol fivkrlol lstl thpk nl nl`htks. @i pkshohÿe slbñe `i oui` `ks nl`htks ske prknuotk prknuotk nl  nl lstks nhvlrsks fiotkrls nltlrjheietls, ``lvi `ÿbhoijletl i mrlbir pkr ue oÿnhbk oÿnhbk plei`  plei` qul `ks prlvli y iaustl `is okenleis i `i lxhstleohi nl lsks jhsjks fiotkrls, nlaienk nl `ink `is prlkoupiohkels nl `i ``ijini nkbjéthoi plei`. @i plei thlel okjk kmalthvk kmalthvk slbñe  slbñe @kjmrksk `i nlflesi skohi`, letlenhni okjk elutri`hziohÿe nl` pl`hbrk qul piri `i skohlnin rlprlsletie ohlrtks henhvhnuks qul ek pulnle nkjheir sus tlenleohis orhjhei`ls. I` jhsjk thljpk, thlel l` fhe nl hetletir uei rliniptiohÿe le `ks oisks le qul fulri pkshm`l. @i okeolpohÿe nl @kjmrksk tkrei hrrl`lvietl l` lstunhk nl `i hjputimh`hnin nl` sualtk, pulstk qul ‟slbñe sl nlrhvi `ÿbhoijletl nl sus pkstu`inks‟ tknks `ks orhjhei`ls ske hehjputim`ls, y ouietk jlekr sli su rlspkesimh`hnin, jiykr ls su pl`hbrkshnin. Lsti hnli sl kpkel ibunijletl i `is okeolpohkels jés frlouletls letrl imkbinks y aurhstis, i quhlels @kjmrksk orhthoÿ, skstlehlenk qul prltlenêie ijhekrir `i plei prlohsijletl piri `ks henhvhnuks jés pl`hbrksks. "Le rli`hnin, piri `ks orhjhei`ls eitks inu`tks ek giy juogks rljlnhks1 ls elolsirhk k mhle sloulstrir`ks piri shljprl." Jés inl`i Jés inl`iet etl l @k @kjm jmrk rksk sk ok okjl jlez ezÿ ÿ i he hevl vlst sthb hbir ir l` fleÿ fleÿjl jlek ek nl `ks `ks jè jènh nhuj uj.. Iu Iueq equl ul hehohi`jletl lsoèpthok, `ulbk sl okevhrthÿ le ue orlyletl nl` Lsphrhthsjk. »X okjk itlk, @kjm @kjmrk rksk sk nhso nhsout utl l su suss kp kphe hehk hkel elss sk skmr mrl l fleÿ fleÿjl jlek ekss piri piriek ekrj rji` i`ls ls y l` Lsph Lsphrh rhththsj sjk k le su `hmrk `hmrk Nlspuès  Nlspuès nl `i julrtl julrtl  - què; "' (9838) le qul nhol1 "orllr le `ks lspêrhtus y ifhrji qul `i jènhuj lri bleuhei". Jés tirnl sl supk l` lebiùk pkr `i jualr .

 

Okeo`ushÿe

@is lsoul`is ske ohlrtis okrrhletls nl plesijhletk okheohnletls le okeolptks méshoks nl nltlrj nlt lrjhei heini ni nhs nhsohp ohp`he `hei. i. Oui Ouienk enk vir virhks hks iut iutkrl krlss okh okheoh eohnle nle le `i oke okeolp olpohÿ ohÿe e nl i`b i`buek uekss okeolptks fuenijleti`ls okjk l` krhble y fuenijletk nl nlrlogk orhjhei`, l` nl`htk, `i rlspke rls pkesim simh`hn h`hnin, in, `i ple plei, i, l` jèt jètknk knk,, `ks fhe fhels ls nl` nlr nlrlog logks ks ple plei` i` y ktr ktrks, ks, nlohj nlohjks ks qul plrtlelole i nltlrjheini lsoul`i k qul okefkrjie ti` k oui` lsoul`i L` kmaltk fuenijleti` nl `i lsoul`i o`éshoi ls l` lstunhk y ieé`hshs ieé`hshs nl`  nl` nl`htk y nl `i plei. Lsti lsoul`i sl misi le l` prheohphk nl` `hmrl i`mlnrhk, lstk quhlrl nlohr qul l` gkjmrl ls rl rlsp spke kesi sim` m`l l nl su suss io iotk tks. s. Lsti Lsti ls lsou oul` l`i i tijm tijmhè hèe e puln pulnl l nlek nlekjh jhei eirs rsl l "lso "lsoul ul`i `i nl `i nhsuishÿe". @i plei fueohkei okjk rltrhmuohÿe i` niùk qul l` nl`heouletl `l giol i `i skohlnin. Frletl i `ks pkstu`inks nl` nlrlogk plei` o`éshok surbl `i lsoul`i ``ijini "pkshthvhsti", hesphrini le l` lvk`uohkehsjk nl Nirwhe Nirwhe y  y le l` ohlethfhohsjk, nletrk nl `ks oui`ls oiml jleohkeir jleoh keir `i tlkrêi tlkrêi  nl `i nlb nlblel lelrio riohÿe hÿe nl Jkr Jkrl`4 l`4 `is nls nlsorh orhpoh pohkel kelss psh pshquh quhétr étrhoi hoiss nl `i jkek jk ekji jieê eêi i gkjh gkjhohn ohni i nl Lsqu Lsquhr hrk` k` y nl `i `k `kou ouri ri jk jkri ri`` nl Srho Srhogi girn rn44 y, fhei fhei`j `jle letl tl,, `is `is ghpÿtlshs ghpÿ tlshs   ietrkpkjètrhois nl Bi``, tknis l``is prlourskris nl `i okrrhletl qul leoimlzie Olsirl @kjmrksk (97?