Ervas de A-Z

 

  Grvbs eg B b S  „ Wshs Fâoanhs B Bdgnraf (Yhsfbramus hllanambdas) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf gmnbmtbfgmths eg prhtgïîh, pbrb bcuebr mhs gstuehs. Dbvbr bs fîhs nhf ufb amlusîh eg bdgnraf suistatua uf ibmjh eg puralanbïîh. Igib uf njâ eg bdgnraf bmtgs eg lbzgr uf gxbfg hu ufb gmtrgvastb pbrb tgr b fgmtg bdgrtb. H njâ eg bdgnraf á þtafh pbrb trbzgr h émafh eg vhdtb. Gstâ daobeh b laegdaebeg, bfhr, dgfirbmïbs lgdazgs. H njgarh eg bdgnraf fbmtáf b pgsshb bdgorg, á uf sæfihdh eg bfazbeg. Bïblrîh (Nrhnus sbtavus) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf ratubas eg prhspgraebeg g nurb. Bdjh (Bddauf sbtavuf) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Grvb gxtrgfbfgmtg prhtgthrb. [heg sgr pgmeurbeh gf nbsb pbrb prhtgogr. Ubfiáf utadazbeh pbrb lbzgr gxhrnasfhs. Hs bmtaohs orgohs nhdhnbvbf h iudih eh bdjh gf uf fhmtg eg pgerbs gf uf nruzbfgmth nhfh ufb hlgrgmeb ë Jánbtg. Bfgmeõbs ([rumus bfyoebdus PehngV Bfyoebdus nhffumas - bfbrob) Bmtaobfgmtg bs bfãmehbs grbf nhmjgnaebs phr prgvgmar b amthxanbïîh, mh tgfph fgeagvbd bs bfãmehbs grbf beanahmbebs bs b s rglgaï÷gs phr gssg fgsfh prhpþsath. Bdáf ea eassh, ssh, b bfãmehb á nhmsufaeb pbrb ebr amtgdaoãmnab. Bmoádanb (Bmogdanb brnjbmgogdanb) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh B rbaz egssb grvb oubrebeb gf uf sbquamjh eg tgnaeh bzud, lumnahmb nhfh uf phegrhsh tbdasfî prhtgthr. B rbaz tbfiáf pheg sgr nhdhnbeb gf uf sbquamjh eg tgnaeh irbmnh hu

 

  bzud, g pgmeurbeh mb cbmgdb pbrb prhtgogr b nbsb g bs pgsshbs qug fhrbf mgdb eg theh h fbd. Bmas ([afpamgdb bmasuf) [dbmgtb3 Cópatgr Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh pbrb prhtgïîh. Wf trbvgssgarh lgath nhf bmas, prhphrnahmb uf shmh trbmqôadh g sgf pgsbegdhs. Á nhmsaegrbeh uf þtafh prhtgthr nhmtrb hdjh ohreh. Bvgdî (Nhrydus spp.) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Br B fbegarb á bprhprabeb pbrb lbzgr qubdqugr taph eg ibstîh.Wf þtafh gmnbmtbfgmth pbrb djg trbzgr shrtg nhmsastg gf lbzgr ufb nruz shdbr bfbrrbmeh ehas obdjhs cumths nhf uf nhreîh vgrfgdjh hu ehurbeh. I Iâdsbfh eg Oadgbe ([hpudus nbmeanbms) [dbmgtb3 ^bturmh H ihtîh pheg sgr usbeh pbrb nurbr uf nhrbïîh pbrtaeh. Ubfiáf á usbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr g prhtgïîh. Ibsædanh (Hnafuf ibsadanuf) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf ratubas eg raqugzb g prhspgraebeg. [heg sgr nbrrgobeb mh ihdsh pbrb btrbar eamjgarh. Jâ tgfphs btrâs bnrgeatbvb-sg qug b fudjgr bnbibrab nhf b amlaegdaebeg eh fbraeh sbdpanbmeh ibsad mh nhrph egdg. Ibumadjb (\bmaddb brhfbtanb hu \bmaddb pdbmalhdab) [dbmgtb3 Cópatgr Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh pbrb gmnbmtbfgmths eg bfhr, g h þdgh eg ibumadjb tgf lumïîh blrheasæbnb. Igmchaf (^tyrbx igmzham) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Uhph Gdgfgmth3 Br

 

Wsbeh nhfh amngmsh pbrb puralanbïîh. N Nbfhfadb (Bmtjgfas mhidas) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Wsbeh gf gmnbmtbfgmths g gf ratubas eg prhspgraebegs. Gstafudb h shmh. H njâ bnbdfb g trbmqôadazb, pheg sgr fuath ótad qubmeh vhnã prgnasbr lbzgr uf ratubd g gstavgr sgmtameh rbavb hu bohmab. Dbvbr h rhsth g bs fîhs nhf nbfhfadb btrba bfhr. Nbmgdb (Nammbfhmuf zgydbmanuf) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh nhfh amngmsh pbrb nurb, ndbravaeãmnab, vairbï÷gs gsparatubas. Nhmjgnaeb nhfh uf phegrhsh blrheasæbnh.Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg prhspgraebeg. Fuath usbeb tbfiáf gf lgataïhs eg bfhr. Nbrvbdjh (Rugrnus bdib) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Ârvhrg sborbeb gf fuatbs nudturbs. Rugafbr lhdjbs eg nbrvbdjh puralanb. B fbegarb á usbeb pbrb lbzgr ibst÷gs eg thehs hs taphs. ta phs. H lruth eg nbrvbdjh pheg sgr usbeh pbrb lbzgr gmnbmtbfgmths eg lgrtadaebeg, prgsgrvbr b cuvgmtueg, gvatbr ehgmïbs. H jhfgf pheg usbr h lruth eg nbrvbdjh pbrb bufgmtbr sgu phegr sgxubd. Ngihdb (Bddauf ngpb) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Uhph Wsbeh pbrb prhtgogr g nurbr. Napgstrg (Nuprgssus spp.) [dbmgtb3 ^bturmh Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb B lufbïb eh napgstrg pheg sgr usbeb pbrb nhmsborbr amstrufgmths fâoanhs. Nhgmtrh (Nhrabmeruf sbtavuf) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh

 

  Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr. Nhfamjh (Nbruf nbrva) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh gf gmnbmtbfgmths eg bfhr pbrb btrbar b pgsshb bfbeb. Nrbvh (Eabmtjus nbryhpjyddus) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Mb áphnb eb amquasaïîh bs iruxbs nbrrgobvbf h nrbvh nhmsaoh pbrb prgvgmar-sg eb nbpturb hu gmlhrnbfgmth. Ogrb gmgroab mh ratubd qubmeh usbeh nhfh amngmsh. Némlhrb Wsbeb nhfh pgrlufg, þdgh g iâdsbfh. Njanþrab Wsbeb nhfh sbnjg, tbdasfî, bfudgth g þdgh. Lhrtalanb bs bfazbegs g trbz eamjgarh. E Eadd (Bmgtjuf orbvghdgms) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr. [gmeurbeh gf qubrth eg nrabmïbs pbrb prhtgoã-dbs. Gf tgfphs bmtaohs h eadd grb usbeh pbrb sg prhtgogr nhmtrb iruxbrabs. Nhdhnbf-sg sgus rbfhs pgmeurbehs btrâs eg phrtbs g cbmgdbs pbrb prhtgïîh eb nbsb. Egmtg-eg-Dgîh Wsbeh nhfh sbnjg g phïîh. ^hmjbr nhf gstb grvb trbz fâ shrtg. G Gspamjgarh (Nrbtbgous hxybnbmtjb) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf "sbquamjhs" eg prhtgïîh. Mb bmtaob Oránab g Yhfb, grb bsshnabeh b lgdanaebeg mh nbsbfgmth. [heg sgr qugafbeh nhfh amngmsh am ngmsh qubmeh vhnã prgnasbr eg gmgroab g eambfasfh gf sub vaeb, g qubmeh prgnasbr rgldgtar shirg sub vaeb. Gunbdapth (Gunbdyptus odhiudus)

 

[dbmgtb3 Dub Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh gf ratubas eg nurb, g gf lgataïhs eg thehs hs taphs. [heg sgr utadazbeh pbrb nurb nhdhnbmeh bs lhdjbs gf vhdtb eg ufb vgdb bzud g gf sgouaeb qugafâ-db. Ubfiáf pheg sgr pgmeurbeb gf vhdtb eh pgsnhïh pbrb nurbr rgslrabehs g ehrgs eg obrobmtb. Ãmudb-Nbfpbmb Wsbf-sg subs lhdjbs sgnbs nhfh ladtrh bfhrhsh. Lbïb-h mb mhatg eg ^îh Chîh, ë fgab-mhatg. Gstg ladtrh egvg sgr nhdhnbeh gf uf sbquamjh eg ngtaf vgreg. Dgvg-h cumth bh nhrbïîh g lbïb h pgeaeh. Gslrgoug egphas gstg ladtrh mb pgdg eh sgr bfbeh sgf qug gstg vgcb. Grvb-fhurb H njâ lgath nhf subs lhdjbs á uf gxngdgmtg rgfáeah pbrb hs þroîhs ogmatbas lgfamamhs. ^ubs sgfgmtgs sîh usbebs nhf b fartb, nhfh phegrhsh amngmsh nhmtrb fabsfbs bstrbas. Gspamjgarh ngrvanbd (Nhrhb eg Nrasth) Nhdhnbeb btrâs ebs phrtbs g cbmgdbs eb nbsb á ufb phegrhsb prhtgïîh. Grvb-ehng Wsbeb nhf sbnjg, þdgh, amngmsh, pgrlufg g nudamârab. Urbz nhrbogf g vaeb dhmob. H amngmsh, qubmeh qugafbeh pgrth eg bdouáf qug mîh ohstb eg mhssb pgsshb, lbz nhf qug gstb sg bihrrgïb nhf sgu brhfb. L Lrgaxh (Lrbxamus gxngdsahr) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Wsbeh pbrb lbzgr vbsshurbs, g ibst÷gs eg nurb. Bs lhdjbs egaxbebs gfibaxh eh trbvgssgarh ameuz b shmjhs psæquanhs. B lhdjb pheg sgr trbzaeb mh ihdsh prb btrbar ihb lhrtumb. O Obreãmab (Obregmab spp.) [dbmgtb3 Dub Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Wsg bs ldhrgs pbrb btrbar bfhr. Oarbsshd (Jgdabmtjus bmmus) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Uhph Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh

 

  Urbz iãmïîhs eh ^hd gf qubdqugr cbreaf mh qubd gdg nrgsng. Ogrémah Wsbeh nhfh þdgh. Bcueb mb nhmnrgtazbïîh nhmnrgtazbïî h eg egsgchs. Ogmoairg Wsbeh nhfh þdgh, pgrlufg, amngmsh g nudamârab. [hegrhsh ladtrh prhtgthr. Oamsgmo Gdaxar eb dhmob vaeb. Wsbeh nhfh sbnjg, þdgh, amngmsh, iâdsbfh g njâ. J Jgrb (Jgegrb spp) [dbmgtb3 ^bturmh Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Oubreb g prhtgog b nbsb, eg qugf q ugf phssua gssb pdbmtb. Jhrtgdî (Fgmtjb papgrbtb) [dbmgtb3 \ãmus Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh gf gmnbmtbfgmths eg nurb, thfbr ibmjh nhf jhrtgdî tbfiáf á þtafh pbrb nurbr, g tbfiáf pheg sgr usbeh nhfh amngmsh. A Aras (Aras ldhrgmtamb hu Æras ogrfémanb) [dbmgtb3 \ãmus Gdgfgmth3Âoub Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr, ibmjhs g amngmshs. [dbmtb nhmsborbeb b Hsæras. Gstafudb b ndbravaeãmnab. C Cbsfam (Cbsfamuf hllanambdg hu Cbsfamuf hehrbtassafuf) [dbmgtb3 Cópatgr Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb. Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr. Cumæpgrh (Cumapgrus nhffumas) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh

 

H rbfh eg cumæpgrh á usbeh pbrb gvatbr bnaegmtgs. H orîh sgnh tgf b prhpragebeg eg btrbar bfhr.Gssb pdbmtb prhtgog b nbsb nhmtrb rhuih. D Dbrbmcb (Natrus samgsas) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Âoub B nbsnb sgnb eg dbrbmcb á usbeb gf lgataïhs eg bfhr g lgrtadaebeg, g nhfh amngmsh shdbr. Á uf sæfihdh trbeanahmbdfgmtg njamãs eg shrtg g prhspgraebeg. Dbvbmeb (Dbvgmeudb vgrb hu Dbvgmeudb hllanambdg) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh gf ibmjhs hu nhfh amngmsh pbrb puralanbïîh. Chobr dbvbmeb mh lhoh mh shdstænah eg vgrîh á uf traiuth bhs Egusgs g tbfiáf mhs eâ vasîh g amsparbïîh. Wsbeh tbfiáf gf ibmjhs pbrb nurbr, g pbrb btrbar jhfgf. H pgrlufg eb Dbvbmeb ameuz bh shmh. Gxngdgmtg pbrb ebr ndbraebeg g nhgrãmnab gf trbibdjhs fâoanhs g nhmngmtrbr b vasubdazbïîh. Dhurh (Dburas mhidas) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Mb Bmtaob Oránab bs lhdjbs eg dhurh grbf usbebs pbrb lbzgr nhrhbs pbrb hs vathrahshs mh btdgtasfh hu mhs nhmnurshs eg phgsab. Bs lhdjbs phegf sgr qugafbebs hu fbstaobebs pbrb ameuzar vas÷gs. Wsbeh nhfh bfudgth pbrb gvatbr bs mgobtavaebegs. Bs lhdjbs egaxbebs gfibaxh eh trbvgssgarh ameuz b shmjhs prhlátanhs. [heg sgr usbeh gf ratubas eg prhtgïîh pr htgïîh g puralanbïîh. Fbmtgr uf pá eg dhurh gf nbsb prhtgog thehs hs qug fhrbf mgdb eg ehgmïbs. F Fbmerâohrb (Fbmerbohrb hllanambruf) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb Wfb grvb fuath phegrhsb pbrb prhtgogr h Dbr. B rbaz pheg sgr usbeb pbrb nurbr b afphtãmnab fbsnudamb. [rb nbrrgobr b fbmerâohrb nhf sgu phegr pgsshbd, egaxg-b gf sub nbfb eurbmtg trãs eabs eurbmtg b dub njgab. Wsbeb pbrb ebr nhrbogf. Fbmcgrhmb (Hraobmuf fbchrbmb) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah

 

  Gdgfgmth3 Br. Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr. Nhdhqug uf pgebïh egssb grvb gf thehs hs nõ nõfhehs fhehs eb nbsb pbrb tgr prhtgïîh. Fbrobraeb (Igddas pgrgmmas) Bs fbrobraebs gstîh bsshnabebs bs ngdgirbï÷gs eb prafbvgrb g eh vgrîh3 egnhrbr b nbsb mb mhatg eh vgrîh, trbz lgdanaebeg pbrb h dbr g btrba bs lbebs. Fbïî ([yrus fbdus) [dbmgtb3\ãmus Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Fuath usbeb gf lgataïhs eg bfhr jâ fadjbrgs eg bmhs. H sunh eb fbïî pheg suistatuar h vamjh, qubmeh lhr rgbdazbr uf lgataïh hu bdouf ratubd. B fbegarb eb fbnagarb pheg sgr usbeb pbrb lbzgr ibst÷gs, g utadazâ-dh pbrb rgbdazbr lgataïhs eg bfhr. Fgafgmerh (Jyhsnybfus maogr) [dbmgtb3 ^bturmh Gdgfgmth3 Âoub \gmgmhsh! Wsbeh pbrb btrbar h bfhr eg ufb fudjgr. Ubfiáf usbeh gf beavamjbïîh sbdpanbmeh fgafgmerh mb âoub (sryamo). Farrb (Nhffapjhrab fyrrjb) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Wsbeh nhfh amngmsh prhtgthr g puralanbehr. Ubfiáf pheg sgr usbeh pbrb nhmsborbr amstrufgmths fâoanhs. Furtb (Fyranb ngralgrb) [dbmgtb3\ãmus Gdgfgmth3 Âoub ^borbeh pbrb \ãmus, á usbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr g eg thehs hs taphs.Ugr furtb gf nbsb btrba shrtg. Wsg bs lhdjbs eg furtb pbrb btrbar h bfhr, g b fbegarb pbrb prgsgrvbr b  cuvgmtueg. Wsg b fbegarb pbrb lbzgr gmnbmtbfgmths. M Mhz (Cuodbms rgoab) [dbmgtb3 ^hd

 

Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsg b mhz gf gmnbmtbfgmths pbrb prhfhvgr b lgrtadaebeg g lhrtbdgngr h nhrbïîh. Mhz-fhsnbeb (Fyrastanb lrborbms) [dbmgtb3 Cópatgr Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh pbrb rglhrïbr b ndbravaeãmnab g prgvgmar rgufbtasfh. ^hmjbr nhf mþz-fhsnbeb saomalanb fuebmïbs mb vaeb eh shmjbehr. H Hdæibmh(Ihswgddab nbrtgraa) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh ^gu pgrlufg á fuath phegrhsh pbrb bcuebr gf fgeatbï÷gs. Wsg nhfh amngmsh pbrb prhtgogr. Hdavb (Hdgb gurhpbgb) ^borbeh pbrb Btgmbs. Á uf sæfihdh eg pbz g prhspgraebeg. [ [btnjhuda ([hohstgfhm nbidam hu [hohstgfhm pbtnjhuda) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Uhph Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb Grvb blrheasæbnb, tbfiáf btrba bfhr. [afgmtb (Nbpsanuf spp.) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg prhtgïîh Y Yhsb (Yhsb spp.) [dbmgtb3 \ãmus Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Igib uf njâ eg rhsbs pbrbr tgr shmjhs beavamjbtþrahs, hu pbrb fgdjhrbr b igdgzb. Wsbehs nhfh amngmsh hu gf gmnbmtbfgmths, pbrb ehrfar, btrbar bfhr g nurbr. ^hmjbr nhf rhsbs saomalanb, sungssh mh bfhr, lhrtumb.

 

^ ^biuougarh(^bfiunus nbmbegmsas) [dbmgtb3 \ãmus Gdgfgmth3 Br Hs obdjhs phegf sgr usbehs pbrb lbzgr vbramjbs fâoanbs. ^bdougarh (^bdas bdib) [dbmgtb3 Dub Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb Hs ibst÷gs lgaths nhf b fbegarb eh sbdougarh tãf b prhpragebeg eg nurb. H sbdougarh trbz iãmïîhs eb Dub pbrb bqugdgs qug h tgf gf sub prhpragebeg. H sbdougarh pheg sgr usbeh pbrb lbzgr b vbsshurb fâoanb. ^bdsb (Nbruf pgtrhsgdamuf) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Gdgfgmth3 Br Mb bmtaob Oránab g Yhfb grb uf sæfihdh eg fhrtg, g grb usbeb mbs nhrhbs eg ldhrgs gf tófudhs. Grb sborbeh pbrb [grsálhmg g usbeh gf raths lumgrârahs. ^âdvab (^bdvab hllanambdas) [dbmgtb3 Cópatgr Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb Wsbeh gf gmnbmtbfgmths eg nurb g prhspgraebeg. [rhfhvg b dhmogvaebeg g sbóeg. ^bfbfibab [dbmgtb3 ^bturmh Gdgfgmth3 Ugrrb Á ufb pdbmtb gxtrgfbfgmtg phegrhsb pbrb b prhtgïîh eb nbsb. ^émebdh (^bmtbduf bdiuf) [dbmgtb3 Dub Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh nhfh amngmsh pbrb puralanbr, nurbr g prhtgogr. ^bmoug eg Erboîh (Ebgfhmhrhps erbnh hu Erbnbgmb erbnh) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg bfhr g prhtgïîh. Wf pgebïh nhdhnbeh egibaxh eb nbfb bcueb b nurbr b

 

  afphtãmnab. Nbrrgoug uf pgebïh nhf vhnã pbrb sgfprg tgr shrtg. [heg sgr easshdvaeh g usbeh mh ibmjh pbrb ufb phegrhsb puralanbïîh. H sbmoug eg erboîh tbfiáf á usbeh pbrb lbzgr tamtb fâoanb. U Uædab (Uadab gurhpbgb) [dbmgtb3 Cópatgr Bsshnabeh bh bfhr nhmcuobd g b dhmogvaebeg. Uhfadjh (Ujyfus vudobras) [dbmgtb3 \ãmus Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh nhfh amngmsh puralanbehr, ibmjhs fâoanhs eg dafpgzb. [heg sgr ambdbeh pbrb rglrgsnbr g rgmhvbr gmgroab. Wsg pbrb sg eglgmegr nhmtrb mgobtavaebeg. Urbz amsparbïîh g nhrbogf. Urgvh (Uralhdauf spp.) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Bsshnabeb b Egusb Uræpdang. Wsbeh gf ratubas eg igdgzb g cuvgmtueg. H trgvh eg qubtrh lhdjbs, pheg sgr usbeh pbrb vgr lbebs, nurbr ehgmïbs, g gf lgataïhs eg ihb shrtg. ^hmjbr nhf trgvh saomalanb lhrtumb pramnapbdfgmtg pbrb pgsshbs chvgms. W Wrtaob (Wrtanb eahanb) [dbmgtb3 Fbrtg Gdgfgmth3 Lhoh Gmnjb uf phtg nhf urtaob pbrb fbmebr fâ vairbï÷gs g fbdeaï÷gs eg vhdtb pbrb qugf tg fbmehu. Wsbeh gf lgataïhs eg prhtgïîh. Wsbeh pbrb ebr nhrbogf. Lha nhmsaegrbeh nhfh bmtæehth nhmtrb vârahs vgmgmhs. \ \bdgrabmb (\bdgrabmb hllanambdas) [dbmgtb3 Fgrnórah Gdgfgmth3 Âoub Gstb grvb á usbeb gf lgataïhs eg bfhr, g gf ibmjhs eg puralanbïîh. Ubfiáf pheg sgr usbeb nhfh nbdfbmtg. \ahdgtb (\ahdb tranhdhur)

 

[dbmgtb3 \ãmus Gdgfgmth3Br Fasturg nhf dbvbmeb pbrb uf phegrhsh gmnbmtbfgmth eg bfhr. B nhfprgssb lgatb nhf vahdgtb bcueb b nurbr b ehr eg nbigïb. ^hmjbr nhf vahdgtbs saomalanb fuebmïbs pbrb fgdjhr. \ahdgtbs bishrvgf lgataïhs eh fbd. B lrborémnab bnbdfb g dafpb b fgmtg. \asnh (\asnuf bdiuf) [dbmgtb3 ^hd Gdgfgmth3 Br Wsbeh nhf uf bfudgth prhtgthr. H vasnh grb fuath gstafbeh pgdhs eruaebs, qug h usbvbf pbrb sg prhtgogr eh fbd.

Grvbs Urbeanahmbas mhs ^bibts ^BIÂ NBMEDGFB^ (AFIHDN)3 bmoádanb, (AFIHDN)3 bmoádanb, fbmcgranîh, dhurh, igmchaf, qugdaeõmab, urzg, farrb g thebs bs ldhrgs bfbrgdbs. ^BIÂ EH GRWAMÞNAH EB [YAFB\GYB (H^UBYB)3 ihdhtb, (H^UBYB)3 ihdhtb, qugdaeõmab, nam-nh-lhdjbs, nrhnus, mbrnash, nhfash, dærah-eb-pâsnhb, fbergssadvb, æras, cbsfaf, rhsb, fhrbmoh, btbmâsab g vahdgtbs. ^BIÂ IGDUBMG (LGYUADAEBEG)3 bfãmehb, (LGYUADAEBEG)3 bfãmehb, bmoádanb, lrgaxh, nbfpbamjb, namnh-lhdjbs, fbrobraeb, hdæibmh, gspamjgarh, jgrb, dadâs, fbdfgqugr, ibrib-eg-iheg, præfudb, rhsbs, rbaz sbtyrahm, bspárudb g prafbvgrbs bfbrgdbs. *^BIÂ EH ^HD^UÆNAH EG \GYÎH (DAUJB)3 (DAU JB)3 nbfhfadb,  nbfhfadb, namnh-lhdjbs, sbiuougarh, lumnjh, némjbfh, gsphrb, dbvbmeb, lgth fbsnudamh, brtgfæsab, pamjh, rhsbs, grvb-eg-sîh-chîh, thfadjh sgdvbogf, odanæmab g vgrigmb. ^BIÂ DBFFB^ (NHDJGAUB)3 ldhrgs (NHDJGAUB)3 ldhrgs eb bnânab, bdhá, tbdh eg fadjh, nandbfg, lgmh orgoh, hdæibmh, urzg, fbdvb-rhsb, furtb, lhdjbs eh nbrvbdjh, oarbsshd g traoh. ^BIÂ EH GRWAMÞNAH EH HWUHMH (FBIHM)3 ihdhtb, (FBIHM)3  ihdhtb, âstgr, igmchaf, lgths, fbergssadvb, fbdfgqugr, pdbmtbs eg sufh dgathsh, farrb, lhdjbs eh nbrvbdjh, ldhr eh fbrbnucâ, pamjh, rhsbs, sbdvb, sgdh-eg-sbdhfîh g nbreh. ^BIÂ ^BFJBAM ([B^^BOGF EH BMH)3 ihdhtbs, BMH)3  ihdhtbs, oagstb, fbïîs, igdbehmb, eantbfh, lgths, damjh, lufbrab, urzg, vgribsnh, lhdjbs eh nbrvbdjh, biþihrbs, sâdvab g pbdjb. ^BIÂ EH ^HD^UÆNAH EG AM\GYMH (QWDG)3 dhurh, (QWDG)3 dhurh, lruth eh dhurgarh, nbreh sbmth, ngerh, nbfhfadb, sgfprg-vavb, hdæibmh, bzgvamjh, cumæpgrh, vasnh, fusoh, nbrvbdjh, pamjbs, bdgnraf g sâdvab.

GY\B^ EB^ EGW^B^ G EGW^G^ Gssbs grvbs sîh sborbebs pbrb hs egusgs g egusbs nuchs mhfgs m hfgs bpbrgngf bpþs nbeb ufb egdbs. BNÂNAB3 Bd-Hzzb, Iueb, Mgatj g Hsæras. BNÕMAUH3 Jánbtg g Fgegab. [AUGAYB3 Fbybugd. GY\B-LÁYYGB3 Járnudgs. BMÁFHMB3 Beþmas, Blrheatg g \ámus. BMOÁDANB3 Btdbmtas g Fanjbgd. BMA^3 Bphah g Fgrnórah. Â^UGY3 thehs hs egusgs g egusbs pboîhs.

 

BSBDÁAB3 Jánbtgs. NG\BEB3 Heam. FBMCGYANÎH Grzudag, @rasjmb, Db`sjfa g \asjmu. IGDBEHMB3 Btrhphs, Igddhmb, Narng g Jánbtg. IGMCHAF3 Blrheatg, Fut g \ámus. BIYWMJGAYH3 b Egusb Urapdb mh ^gu bspgnth gsnurh g prhtgthr. NBYEH ^BMUH3 [î. OAG^UB3 Idheguwgee. NBMEGDÂYAB3 Blrheatg g \ámus. BFGMUADJH3 Ibst g ^g`jfgt. NGMUÂWYGB-FGMHY3 h ngmtburh Ruærhm. NBFHFADB3 @bfbymb. UW^^ADBOGF3 Gphmb. NGMUÂWYGB BSWD3 Ldhrb, g bsshnabeb bhs faths eg Nybmus g Ruærhm. [YÆFWDB3 Lrgyb. NYHNH^3 Blrheatg g \ámus. MBYNA^H3 [rhsárpamb. FBYOBYAEB3 Blrheatg, Brtgfas, Igdaegs, Lrgyb, Ujhr, \ãmus, Sgus g bsshnabeb b Fbrab Fbebdgmb, ^îh Chîh g ^bmtb Fbrobraeb eb Gtaþquab. EGMUG-EG-DGÂNj Graoaeb. EANUBFH3 Eabmb, Hsæras g [grsálhmg. NHYMA^H3 Nhmsus. ÃMWDB3 Jgdgmb. GWLYÂ^AB3 Gulrþsamb. LWMNJH3 Beþmas. LGMH OYGOH3 Bphdh. LGUH^3 @upbdb. DAMJH3 Judeb. BDJH3 Jánbtg g Fbrtg G^[AMJGAYH3 Jyfgm. WYSG3 Æsas g \ámus Granamb. JGDAHUYH[H3 Bphah, Jgdahs, Yb, ^hd g thehs hs Egusgs ^hdbrgs. BSG\AMJH3 Jga, Fîg Jhdag g h Egus Njalrueh mhs sgus bspgnths famoubmtgs eh bmh. FBYYHAH IYBMNH3 Jþrus. ^GF[YG-\A\B EH^ UGDJBEH^3 Cópatgr g Ujhr. CBNAMUH3 Bphdh, Brtgfas g Cbnamth. ÆYA^3 Jgrb, Jþrus, Æras g Æsas. JGYB3 Bttas, Ibnh, Eahmæsah, Eusbrgs g Hsæras. CB^FAF3 Eabmb. G^UYBFÕMAH3 Bphdh, Njamoanjmanj g @wbwbr. BDRWGFADB (gspánag eg hrquæegb)3 vârabs Egusbs eb Ugrrb g bsshnabeb b \arogf Fbrab ehs faths nrastîhs. DB\BMEB3 Jánbtg, ^bturmh g \gstb. BDLBNG3 Beþmas. DÆYAH3 Bstbrtg, Jgrb, Cumh, Dadatj g Hstbrb. DA^AFÂRWAB3 @upbdb. DÞUW^3 Irbjfb, Iueb, Numta, Jgrfgs, Jþrus, Æsas, Cumh, @ubm-Qam, Db`sjfa, Hsæras, [befb, Ubrb g bsshnabeh bh fath eg Dhtg g [rabph. LGUH EB B\GMNB NBIGDH-EG-\ÃMW^3 Eas, @upbdb g \ámus. FBMEYÂOHYB3 Blrheatg, Eabmb, Jánbtg, ^bturmh g bsshnabeb b Narng g ë dgmeârab lgatangarb tgutõmanb \arogf Barbumb. FBDFGRWGY3 Zhnjaquatzbd. FBMCGYHMB3 Blrheatg g \ámus. FGMUB^3 Eas, Jánbtg, Famtjb g bsshnabeb ë dgmeb ndâssanb eb mamlb Fgmtjg. \A^NH3 Cópatgr, Heam, Sgus g bsshnabeh bhs faths eg Ibdegr g Gmgbs. BNÕMAUH3 Jánbtg g bsshnabeh b Nárigrh. DWMÂYAB3 dumbrgs. Bbj, Brtgfas, Eabmb, Jamb, ^gdgmg, ^am, Ujhtj g thebs bs egaebegs FW^OH3 Ubpah. BOYA[BDFB3 vârabs laourbs eg Egusbs-Fbg. BYUGFÆ^AB3 Brtgfas, Eabmb g bsshnabeb ë dgmeb fgeagvbd eg Chîh Ibtastb. BFHYGAYB3 Famgrvb g bsshnabeb ë dgmeb ndâssanb ehs bfbmtgs ibiadþmahs,

 

[arbfus g Ujasig. \GYIB^NH3 Narng g Wdassgs. MBYNA^H3 Eas, Jbegs, Mbrnash, [grsálhmg g \ámus. HYRWÆEGB3 Ibnh g Hrnjas. YBAS EG ÆYA^3 Blrheatg, Jgrb, Æsas g Hsæras. \AFGAYH3 Jánbtg. ^BD^B3 Blrheatg, [grsálhmg, \ámus g bsshnabeb ë fhrtg g bh eabih ehs faths nrastîhs. [GÕMAB3 bsshnabeb ë dgmeb eg [gõmah. [HGCH3 Egfátgr. JHYUGDÎ-[AFGMUB3 Sgus. [GY\AMNB3 Blrheatg. UBMNJBOGF3 \ámus. [B[HWDB3 Ngrgs, Eabmb g [grsálhmg. [YÆFWDB3 Lrgyb g [brbdashs. IGDEYHGOB3 Jgrfgs. LYBFIHG^B3 \ámus. IBFIW^3 Ambmmb g [b. YH^B3 Blrheatg, Burhrb, Njahras, Nupaeh, Egfátgr, Árbth, Grhs, Ldhrb, Lrgyb, Jbtjhr, Jhdeb, Æsas, \ámus g bsshnabeb ë \arogf Fbrab ehs faths nrastîhs. BYYWEB3 Fbrtg CWMNH^3 Bnas NGMUGAH3 Ngrgs. ^ÂD\AB3 Nhmsus g Sgus. ^ÉMEBDH3 \ámus. [AF[AMGDB IYBMNB3 @upbdb. UYG\H3 Urgluadmoae Urg-Ghnjbar. ^GDH-EG-^BDHFÎH3 \hr g bsshnabeh bh dgmeârah rga ^bdhfîh, eg Asrbgd. FHYBMOH3 Lrgyb, Lraoob, \ámus g bsshnabeh ë \arogf Fbrab ehs faths nrastîhs. NBMB-EG-BÏÔNBY3 Nupaeh, Grhs g @bfb. OAYB^^HD3 Bphah g Egfátgr. BUBMÂ^AB3 bsshnabeb ë \arogf Fbrab g ë dgmeb ndâssanb eg Obmafgeg. G^UYBOÎH3 Dadatj. NBYEH3 Ujhr g bsshnabeh ë \arogf Fbrab. UYALÞDAH3 Hdwgm. \GYIGMB3 Eabmb g Jgrfgs. \GY\GMB3 Brbeab, Ngrraewgm, Egfátgr, Eabmb, Jgrfgs, Æsas, Cumh, Cópatgr, Fbrtg, Fgrnórah, [grsálhmg, Ujhr g \ámus. \AHDGUB3 Blrheatg, Bttas, Ah, \ámus, Sgus g bsshnabeb ë \arogf Fbrab. MGMÓLBY3 ^uryb g thebs bs mamlbs bquâtanbs. BSGEAMJB3 thebs bs Egusbs Urapdbs g bsshnabeb b ^îh [btrænah. BI^AMUH3 Brtgfas, Eabmb, b Orbmeg Fîg g thebs bs mamlbs pboîs eb Yóssab. FADGLÞDAH3 h Egus Njalrueh ehs Iruxhs g bsshnabeh bh jgrþa orgoh Bquadgs.

GY\B^ EH SHEÆBNH ^goug-sg ufb dastb eg grvbs g hs sgus rgogmtgs pdbmgtârahs g amlduãmnabs bstrhdþoanbs, sg gxastargf. BNÂNAB1. Fbrtg, Gsnhrpaîh. BNBMUH3 Dub. BN×MAUH3 ^bturmh, Nbpranþrmah. IHDHUB^3 Ugrrb. YBAS-EG-BEÎH-G-G\B3 Mgtumh. DÆMOWB-EG-^GY[GMUG3 Dub, Némngr. FBYOBYAEB-BLYANBMB3 Dub. \AHDGUB-BLYANBMB3 \ámus. BOÂYANH3 Fgrnórah g [dutîh, Dgîh. BOÁYBUH3 \ámus.

BOYAFÕMAB3 Cópatgr, Némngr. BDGZBMEYG3 Cópatgr, ^boatârah. BDLBLB3 Cópatgr. BDOB3 Dub, [gaxgs. BDNBMB3 \ámus. [YWMGDB3 Fbrtg, Gsnhrpaîh. [AFGMUB-EB-CBFBANB3 Wrbmh. BDHÁ3 Fbrtg g \ámus. BD^UÕMAB3 Fgrnórah BFBYBMUH3 ^bturmh. BFBYÆDA^3 \ámus. BMÁFHMB^3 Fbrtg.