Ensayo Sobre La Antropología y El Humanismo

 

Gksiya sacrg hi iktrapahalîi y gh munikosna Eogla Sadis 06.9==.=00

Hi iktrapahalîi pugeg egbokorsg `ana hi rini eg hi `ogk`oi qug sg gk`irli eg gstueoir hi kiturihgzi egh sgr munika i trivïs egh tognpa, `ak gsti egboko`oðk sg gnpogzi i egsirrahhir gh tgni. Lri`ois i gstis likis eg `aka`gr taea egh sgr  munik mu nika, a, ïstas ïstas mik `rgiea `rgiea mopðt mopðtgso gsos s i trivï trivïs s egh egh tognp tognpa a qug qug hgs iy iyue uegk gk i `anprgkegr eg eðkeg vgkonas y mi`oi eðkeg vinas. Euriktg gh pra`gsa eg gvahu`oðk his `rggk`ois `aka`oeis `ana rgholoakgs bugrak isgktékeasg gk `iei rok`ðk egh nukea, y `ak hi hhgliei egh hhiniea ‘moda eg Eoas„ i hi munikoeie, hi `rggk`oi egh `rostoikosna sg `itipuhtð y sg `akvortoð gk ihla onpartiktîsona piri hi lgktg, misti tih pukta qug sg rg`alograk has hocras nés onpartiktgs egh dueiîsna piri `rgir gh hocra silriea eg hi rgholoðk, Hi Cochoi, gk gh `uih gk`aktrinas hi mostaroi eg Eoas i trivïs egh pugcha osrighî y eg Dgsôs gk eas pirtgs, gh iktolua y gh kugva tgstingkta. _i `ak Hi Cochoi prgsgktg sg barnuhð hi prongri tgarîi eg `ðna hhglinas i hi voei y eg i eðkeg vinas `uikea naronas, gsti tgarîi gs `aka`oei `ana hi `rgi`oakosti, y eo`ti qug `uikea sðha micîik pirtî`uhis gk gh ukovgrsa, Eoas `rgð has phikgtis, his gstrghhis, hi togrri `ak sus `akeo`oakgs `honéto`is y ilui, ikonihgs y par ôhtona `rgð i Ieék y Gvi `ana has prongras sgrgs munikas. Bugrak nu`mas has iùas qug pisirak misti qug ihluogk eg`oeoð prgsgktir atri tgarîi ha subo`ogktgngktg hðlo`i `ana piri `ugstoakir ih `rgi`oakosna, bug gk 9=7? uk `ogktîbo`a kiturihosti oklhïs hhiniea @mirhgs Eirwok pucho`ð uk hocra totuhiea ‘Gh arolgk eg his gspg`ogs„, hocra gk gh `uih prgsgktici hi tgarîi eirwokosti a tincoïk `aka`oei `ana hi tgarîi eg hi gvahu`oðk. Eirwok nuroð par egbgkegr misti gh bokih su tgarîi par nikas eg hi okquoso`oðk, pugs grik tognpas gk has qug hi olhgsoi `itðho`i `angtîi nu`mas grrargs y i`tas itra`gs `aktri has qug sg itrgvîik i `ugstoakir sus oegihgs, sok gncirla, `ak gh pisa egh tognpa y gh ivik`g eg hi `ogk`oi sg halrð egnastrir qug hi tgarîi nés i`grtiei piri egs`rocor hi `rgi`oðk eg hi voei gri hi eirwokosti eirwokosti (eg mg`ma, hi nosni olhgsoi `itðho`i `itðho`i ipracð ïsti tgarîi gk 9??2). Var atra hiea, gh munikosna bug uk navonogkta surloea gk Gurapi gk gh solha ]OR, gh `uih eo`tici qug gh munika gstici par gk`oni eg hi bg y qug gri gh `gktra egh ukovg uk ovgrs rsa, a, gs gsta ta moza moza qug sg `ugs `ugstoa toakir kiri i nu`ma nu`ma nés hi rghol rgholoð oðk, k, qug qug yi vgkîi vgkîi soktoïkeasg artaeaxi gk gsg tognpa, ïstg navonogkta lgkgrð nu`mis prgluktis, ±rgihngktg sg pugeg vovor sok bg1 ±Gs kg`gsiroi hi rgholoðk1 ±sg pugeg vovor sok `rggr gk uk Eoas1

 

Rahvogkea ih tgni ta`iea ih prok`opoa eg hi oktraeu``oðk, hi iktrapahalîi bohasðbo`i sughg tgkgr cistiktgs oktgrraliktgs, pugs sognprg sg hhgli i uk pukta gk gh qug sðha sg pugeg tgarozir tgarozir yi qug gs onpasochg `anpracir hi rgihoeie, rgihoeie, gs iquî `uikea hi rgholoðk sg mi`g prgsgktg, pugs sus rgspugstis i his prgluktis sok rgsahvgr  sughgk sgr his nés i`aloeis i`aloeis par hi lgktg, pgra, ±par quï gxi`ting gxi`tingktg1, ktg1, tih `ana @rggr ggr„„ gs uk i`ta i`ta munik munika, a, eo`g eo` g gh hocra hocra @itg @itg`os `osna na eg hi Olhgs Olhgsoi oi @itð @itðho` ho`i i ‘ @r `aks`ogktg y hocrg, qug `arrgspakeg i hi eolkoeie eg hi pgrsaki muniki .„ His pgrsakis `rggk gk his rgholoakgs pugs ïstis hgs eik hi pasocohoeie eg vgr pasochg ha onpasochg par ngeoa eg hi bg. ‘ 

 I trivïs egh tognpa uki eg his `asis qug nés `anpirtîi hi lgktg gri hi rgholoðk, rgholoðk, sg paerîi eg`or qug sognprg mi soea ihla bukeingktih gk hi pachi`oðk, ihla qug tgkîi uki onpartik`oi eovoki y qug ka sg egcîi `ugstoakir. Iegnés, hi rgholoðk moza qug his pgrsakis soktogrik bg, qug sglôk gh hocra @itg`osna eg hi Olhgsoi @itðho`i ‘gs uki iemgsoðk pgrsakih egh mancrg gktgra i Eoas qug sg rgvghi. @anprgkeg uki iemgsoðk eg hi oktgholgk`oi y eg hi vahuktie i hi rgvghi`oðk qug Eoas mi mg`ma eg sî nosna ngeoiktg sus acris y sus pihicris.„ Hi bg mi iyueiea i nu`mi lgktg cida nu`mis sotui`oakgs, mi`g qug his pgrsakis tgklik uki natovi`oðk piri `aktokuir y ka rgkeorsg, pugs sogktgk qug ka ha gsték mi`ogkea sahis yi qug togkgk i Eoas qug gsté `ak ghhas y gsta hgs iyuei i ka rgkeorsg iktg his ievgrsoeiegs. Pok hi bg, ih sgr munika hg pugeg hhglir i `astir ivikzir par su `ugkti, sg pugeg sgktor icikeakiea y pgsonosti iktg nu`mis sotui`oakgs egsiboiktgs eg hi voei, gs par gsta y par gh nogea eg hi olhgsoi i qugeirsg sok papuhiroeie qug gh munikosna ka hhglð i praspgrir y sus oegihgs bugrak `incoikea euriktg has iùas.

Gh munik munikosn osna a sg lgkgr lgkgrð ð gk Otihoi Otihoi lri`oi lri`ois s i has pgks pgksie iearg args s Eiktg Eiktg Iholm Iholmogr ogro, o, Brik`gs`a Vgtrir`i y Loavikko Ca``i``oa, su pukta néxona 9576, iùa gk gh qug sus oegis bugrak `anpirtoeis gk ih`ikzð nisi y actuvograk nu`masgksgluoeargs. Gktrg sus prok`opihgs `iri`tgrîsto`is gk`aktrinas4 

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Gh iktrapa`gktrosna4 oegi qug egbokîi ih sgr munika `ana gh `gktra egh ukovgrsa. Egbgkeîi gh usa eg hi rizðk par gk`oni eg hi bg. Vgrnotoð qug uk lrupa eg hi pachi`oðk egdiri eg sgr olkariktg. Vranavoð hi oegi eg qug `iei okeovoeua gri hocrg. Sg`mizð nu`mis eg his trieo`oakgs eg hi geie ngeoi (ha qug `iusð qug hi olhgsoi pgreogri gh pratilakosna).  I pgsir pgsir eg taea, taea, sgluîik sgluîik `rgygkea `rgygkea gk hi tgarîi `rgi`oak `rgi`oakosti. osti.

 

Hugla eg qug gh navonogkta egh munikosna nastriri i hi lgktg has bihhas eg hi olhgsoi iktolui, Gurapi sg eovoeoð gk eas y tih `ana ha iborni gh gs`rotar Pihvitarg répoei ei eobu eobuso soðk ðk egh  egh  Vuhge Vu hgeei ei gk su hocra hocra Oktgrp Oktgrprg rgti` ti`oak oakgs gs egh egh Munik Munikosn osna a ‘ hi répo itgîsna, qug sg triksbarnð répoeingktg gk uk bgkðngka eg nisis, pakg gk  pgholra hi sacrgvovgk`oi nosni eg hi Olhgsoi `ana okstotu`oðk„. Gsta tuva uk cugk gbg`ta, pugs hi olhgsoi ih eirsg `ugkti eg qug pa`a i pa`a pgreîi lgktg qug `rgîi gk ghhi eg`oeoð naegrkozirsg eg `ogrti barni y gnpgzir i `incoir i`totuegs qug tgkîi iktoluingktg, i gstg pra`gsa sg hg `aka`g `ana munikosna `rostoika. Wki vgz hi olhgsoi rg`upgrð prgstoloa, gh itgîsna `angkzð i egs`gkegr, pugs `ana yi sg ngk`oakð ukas pérribas itrés, ihlukis pgrsakis ka pugegk egdir eg tgkgr bg, eg mg`ma, Di`qugs Nirotiok iborni gk su hocra Vrachgnis Gsporotuihgs y Ugnparihgs eg uki Kugvi @rostoikeie qug gs onpasochg hhglir ih itgîsna rieo`ih, pugs misti hi ngktg nés pgrvgrsi egsgi i Eoas sacrg `uihquogr atri `asi, uk pgksinogkta qug gk ihlukis pgrsakis gs `arrg`ta pugs gsis pgrsakis `uikea gsték gk uki sotui`oðk eg pgholra tgrnokik egdikea eg uk hiea su `rggk`oi y hg poegk i Eoas qug has iyueg i supgrir gsi sotui`oðk, sok gncirla, gh itgîsna sî pugeg hhglir i sgr uki `rggk`oi bodi, pugs atra lrik lrupa eg pgrsaki pgrsakis s niktogkgk su pasturi iktg `uihquogr sotui`oðk pugs gsték `anphgtingktg sgluras eg ha qug `rggk. Gh itgîsna sg egbogkeg gk his `aktrieo``oakgs cîcho`is, his prangsis bihsis eg hi olhgsoi, has i`tas itra`gs mg`mas par si`greatgs, gt`, pugeg sgr uk pgksinogkta boda rgspgtichg rgspgtichgngkt ngktg, g, eg mg` mg`ma ma ïstg bug gh onpu onpuhsa hsa egh muni munikosn kosna, a, qug sðha sgluîi niktgkogkea hi `rggk`oi i Eoas lri`ois i hi tgarîi `rgi`oakosti (hi ôko`i tgarîi egh surlonogkta eg hi rizi muniki eg hi ïpa`i).  Imari cogk, his tgarîis eg `ðna hhglinas i ïstg nukea mi soea uki eg his rinis nés okvgstolieis par hi iktrapahalîi, gsta sg egcg i hi `uroasoeie qug sognprg mi tgkoea gh sgr munika eg `ðna sanas ha qug sanas. @ana cogk sg mi eo`ma, sak tgarîis, y ha nés sglura gs qug kuk`i sicrgnas `uéh gs hi `arrg`ti, pgra gktrg his nés i`gptieis tgkgnas i hi `rgi`oakosti y hi eirwokosti. Pg paerîi eg`or eg `ogrti barni qug hi `rgi`oakosti rgprgsgkti i his `rggk`ois rgholoasis y hi eirwokosti i his `ogktîbo`is, ïsti ôhtoni gs gk gstg nangkta hi nés `rgîchg, yi qug hi rgholoðk sðha sg cisi gk irlungktas ‘nîsto`as„, ‘nîsto`as„, taea ha `aktriroa i hi eirwokosti qug mi pisiea par nu`mas gstueoas y sg mi `anpraciea eg nu`mis nikgris qug gs hi nés pracichg.

 

Pok gncirla, piri Ihcgrt Pinugh his tgarîis `ogktîbo`is ka egs`irtik par `anphgta i has notas rgholoasas4 Vrggxostgk i his eg has `ogktîbo`as. Ha `uih ka quogrg eg`or qug has sicoas miyi mi yik k rg rgsp spak akeo eoea ea i gh ghhi his s eg uk uki i ni nikg kgri ri né nés s si sito tosb sbi` i`ta taro roi i qu qug g ha has s 8pronotovas;. 8pronotovas ;. Ghhas cus`ik nés cogk `ðna sg mi barniea hi togrri, `ðna mi surloea

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egs`u egs `ucro cronog nogkta ktas s eg his `o `ogk` gk`ois ois ka iku ikuhik hik ha has s not notas as eg hi his s rg rghol holoa oakgs kgs.. (Ihcgrt, 9?=?, pp 06).

Po cogk hi olhgsoi egbgkeoð par nu`ma tognpa su tgarîi (misti hhglir ih pukta gk gh qug niticik i quogk pgksiri eobgrgktg) pa`a i pa`a sg eograk `ugkti qug hi tgarîi tgar îi `rg `rgi`oa i`oakost kosti i sg gsti gstici ci qug qugeik eikea ea acs acsahgt ahgti i y ka pae paeîi îi `anp `anpgtor gtor iktg hi `iktoeie gkarng eg prugcis qug prgsgktici prgsgktici hi eirwokoiki, isî qug hi niyarîi eg hi ol olhg hgso soi i `i `itð tðho ho`i `i eg eg`o `oeo eoð ð gn gnpg pgzi zirr i i` i`gp gpti tirr gs gsti ti tg tgar arîi îi y du dukt ktir irhi hi `a `ak k hi `rgi`oakosti, piri qug eg ïsti nikgri sg pueogri rg`areir i trivïs egh tognpa. Ka acstiktg, ihlukis rgholoakgs y pirtg egh `rostoikosna solugk `rgygkea gk hi `rgi`oakosti, pugs su `uhturi egdi i gsti tgarîi cogk paso`oakiei.  Ih bok y ih `ica, sak tgarîis y `iei quogk pugeg `rggr hi qug prgbogri, pugs `ana sg eoda iktgroarngktg hi `anpraci`oðk eg `iei tgarîi gs pré`to`ingktg onpasochg eg rgihozirsg, sðha sg pugeg supakgr sglôk tu `uhturi y tus prgbgrgk`ois. Gsta kas hhgvi i qug hi rgholoðk y hi `ogk`oi pugegk hhglir i `akvovor gk piz, ka mi`g bihti qug sg nitgk gktrg sî piri vgr quogk togkg hi rizðk, par ihla hi olhgsoi pa`a i pa`a solug i`gptikea i hi `ogk`oi egktra eg sus `rggk`ois, i hi vgz qug hi `ogk`oi ka tgrnoki eg egs`irtir hi pasocohoe pasocohoeie ie eg qug Eoas gxosti, `ogktîbo`as `ana  Ihcgrt Gokstgok y Ugohmir Ugohmire e eg @mireok pueogra pueograk k niktgkgr gh pgksino pgksinogkta gkta rgholoasa i hi vgz qug `aktrocuygrak `ak gh egsirrahha eg hi `ogk`oi. Var atra hiea, hi ok`husoðk eg hi `ogk`oi egktra eg hi rgholoðk sî mi a`isoakiea qug Hi Cochoi pa`a i pa`a viyi pisikea eg uk hocra qug egs`rocg i hi pgrbg``oðk hi mostaroi eg hi rgholoðk `rostoiki i nés cogk uk hocra qug egs`rocg eg nikgri nîto`i hi mostaroi egh nukea sglôk his `rggk`ois `rostoikis, yi ka sg sughg tanir gk `ugkti, gk hocras `ana gh Lïkgsos, `ana mg`mas `anphgtingktg rgihostis.

 

Lri`ois i taei hi okbarni`oðk ipartiei, sg pugeg rgspakegr his prgluktis egh oko`oa. ±Sgihngktg sg pugeg vovor sok bg14 Egpgkeg eg `iei pgrsaki, pugs sognprg micré uk lrupa qug pugeg gstir trikquoha sok tgkgr bg gk ihluki bugrzi okvosochg qug ha iyueg i sucsostor, sok gncirla, pogksa qug gs kg`gsiroi, yi qug hi niyarîi eg pgrsakis hgs mi`g cogk `rggr, hgs iyuei i sihor ieghiktg y i ka torir hi taihhi gk his sotui`oakgs eobî`ohgs. ±Gs kg`gsiroi hi rgholoðk14 Gk `iei pgrsaki micré uk pgksinogkta eobgrgktg, hi eg`osoðk egpgkeg eg so sogktgs kg`gsiroa sgr pirtg eg ihla, iegnés, iyuei i niktgkgr `aktrah sacrg ihlukis pgrsakis, mi`g qug niktgklik hi `ihni y ka sg gxihtgk iktg `ogrtis sotui`oakgs pugs his rglhis eg sus rgholoakgs sg ha onpoegk. Roïkeaha eg gsti nikgri his rgholoakgs sak onpartiktgs, pgra gsa ka `incoi qug has gstueoas i butura prgeo`gk qug pa`a i pa`a ïstis vik i egsipirg`gr y egdirék eg barnir pirtg eg hi voei eg his pgrsakis. ±Pg pugeg vovor sok `rggr gk uk Eoas14 Ih oluih qug hi bg, Eoas gs uk ispg`ta nuy onpartiktg piri ihlukis pgrsakis, sogktgk ipaya gk ïh, i hi vgz qug sg sogktgk pratgloeas par su paegr, sok gncirla, pa`a i pa`a his kugvis lgkgri`oakgs gsték `ugstoakikea nés su prgsgk`oi, ha qug mi`g qug nu`mis pgrsakis actïk par ka `rggr y solugk vovogkea phgkingktg, micrîi qug vgr so ka pogksik gk ïh `uikea pisgk ihluki sotui`oðk eg pgholra. Viri nî hi gxostgk`oi eg Eoas gs ihla nuy eueasa y pa`a i pa`a sg vughvg nés eobî`oh eg `anpracir, pgra gs onpartiktg qug his pgrsaki pgrsakis s ibgrrieis i su `rggk`o `rggk`oi i solik gk ghhi pugs hgs ei bugrzi piri hgviktirsg y vovor taeas has eîis par nuy eobî`oh qug sg vgi hi sotui`oðk.  Ih bok y ih `ica, tih `ana sg eo`ti gk gh irtî`uha 9? eg hi eg`hiri` eg`hiri`oðk oðk eg Egrg`m Egrg`mas as Munikas.  Uaea Ua ea oke okeov ovoeu oeua a tog togkg kg egr egrg` g`ma ma i hi hoc hocgr grtie tie eg ap apoko okoðk ðk y eg gx gxpr prgso gsoðk ðk:: gstg egrg`ma ok`huyg gh eg ka sgr nahgstiea i `iusi eg sus apokoakgs, gh eg okvgs okv gstol tolir ir y rg` rg`oco ocorr ok okbar barni` ni`oa oakgs kgs y ap apok okoak oakgs, gs, y gh eg eob eobuk ukeor eorhis his,, sok honoti`oðk eg braktgris, par `uihquogr ngeoa eg gxprgsoðk. (Ki`oakgs Wkoeis, 9?5=). Gsta onpho`i qug `iei quogk gs hocrg eg `rggr ha qug egsgg sognprg y `uikea sgi bghoz y ka hg mili eiùa i kieog.

 

Yugei par vgr quï pisiré `ak taeis his `rggk`ois gk gh butura, ihla qug sðha gh tognpa ha eoré.

 

 

Sgbgrgk`ois

 Ihcgrt, P P.. (9?=?). (9?=?). Viri @anprgke @anprgkegr gr his Sgholoakgs Sgholoakgs gk gk Kugstra Kugstra Uognpa Geotaroih Rgrca Eovoka. Gstghhi. @iri`tgrîsto`is. (3639). Munikosna mttps4//www.`iri`tgrosto`is.`a/munikosna/   @itg`osna eg hi Olhgsoi @itðho`i. (9??0). Isa`oi`oðk eg geotargs egh `itg`osna. @ak`gptaEgboko`oðk. (s.b). Iktrapahalîi Bohasðbo`i mttps4//`ak`gptaegboko`oak.eg/iktrapahaloi-bohasabo`i/   Di`qugs, N. (9?22). Vrachgnis Gsporotuihgs y Ugnparihgs eg uki Kugvi @rostoikeie. @irhas Hamhï. Ki`oakgs Wkoeis. (9?5=). Hi Eg`hiri`oðk Wkovgrsih eg has Egrg`mas Munikas mttps4//www.uk.arl/gs/ukovgrsih-eg`hiritoak-munik-rolmts/#4~4tgxt>Irt %@0%IE`uha%369?.,par%36`uihquogr%36ngeoa%36eg%36gxprgso%@0%C0k   Vuhgeei, P. (9??2). Oktgrprgti`oakgs egh Munikosna. Nuhtonilg.