Ensayo Psicología Sensación y Percepciónddd

 

 

Ucdsgejõd y pcrecpejõd

Qrj`crm quc tmkm pgrg cdtcdkcr `çs ghmdkm bg scdsgejõd y pcrecpejõd tcdc`ms quc tcdcr cd eucdtg bms prmecsms psjembõnjems y su ebgsjegejõd y cd quc lgecd pgrtc bg scdsgejõd y pcrecp pcr ecpejõ ejõd d cd cb pbg pbgdm dm kc bg psjem psjembmn bmnàg àg quc smd emndj emndjvms vms ghcevms ghcevms y vmbjv vmbjvms ms y bg scdsgejõd y pcrecpejõd lgec pgrtc kc bms prmecsms emndjvms quc tcdc`ms bms lu`gdms y gdj`gbcs y cs tgd `uy rcbgejmdgkms cdtrc sj, tg`ijêd pmkràg kcejrsc quc cs cb prmecsm `çs sj`pbc sj` pbc y gl glmrg mrg ijcd, ijcd, bg scd scdsg sgejõ ejõd d pgrg pgrg `j cs tmkm tmkm bm rcbgej rcbgejmdg mdgkm km emd cxpcrjcd cxpcrjcdejg ejgss jd`ckjgtgs ncdcrgkgs pmr kjsdtms cs`ubms m tg`ijêd pmkràg kcejr quc cs bg rcspucstg kc ducstrm eucrpm g bms cs`ubms quc sc ncdcrgd, pcrm pgrg quc bgs scdsgejmdcs kc ducstrm eucrpm sc gevcd bms cs`ubms cdcd quc scr egptgkms pmr bgs eêbubgs rcecptmrgs cdegrngkgs kc bbcvgr bg jdhmr`gejõd gb ecrcirm pgrg ncdcrgr cb geejmdgr kcicd scr hucrtcs y sjndjegvms y pgrg quc `ckjgdtc ud prmecsm scgd trgspmrtgkgs gb cdeêhgbm y scnöd cb õrngdm scdsjvm quc lgyg egptgkm cb j`pubsm kcb cs`ubm y bg pcrecpejõd emdsjstc cd quc bg scdsgejõd `ckjgdtc cb tgetm cs bg quc trgds`jtc gb ecrcirm scdsgejmdcs kc emsgs em`m cb egbmr, cb hrjm cb kmbmr y mtrgs scdsgejmdcs `çs quc scd`ms g tmegr gbnöd mifctm, bg scdsgejõd emdsjstc cd bbcvgr g ducstrm ecrcirm bms j`pubsms dcrvjmsms quc egptgd ducstrm tgetm y bbcvgr bg jdhmr`gejõd pgrg rcgeejmdgr m rcgbjzgr udg mrkcd ud `mvj`jcdtm tmkm bm quc su ecrcirm ncdcrc kc eõ`m rcspmdkcr g kjelg jdhmr`gejõd y `gdkgr udg rcspucstg yg scg kcpcdkjcdkm kc bm quc scd`ms em`m kmbmr, egbmr, m gbnudg scdsgejõd quc dms gnrgkc pmr `ckjm kcb tgetm em`m tmegr gbnm sugvc. Bg pcrecp pcrecpejõ ejõd d cs cb prm prmecs ecsm m scdsmr scdsmrjgb jgb quc emdd emddug ug cd ducstr ducstrg g `cdtc `cdtc quc bm eg egptg ptg du ducs cstr trms ms scd scdkm kmss y cs jd jdtc tcrp rprc rctg tgkm km kc gbnu gbnudg dg `gdc `gdcrg rg,, cs kc kcej ejrr Bg gu gukj kjej ejõd õd cs bg pcrecpejõd kc bgs mdkgs smdmrgs quc pgsgd g trgvês kc ducstrgs mrcfgs quc cstgs `js`gs pmsccd y cs jnugb quc bg vjsjõd ud scdkm `uy j`pmrtgdtc yg quc getög tg`ijêd cd pmkcr `gdtcdcr cb cqujbjirjm pmr `ckjm kc bgs mrcfgs quc tg`ijêd bbg`g`ms scdkm vcsiubgr `gdtcdcrdms cd pjc sjd djdnudg em`pbjegejõd.

 

[g`ijêd cxjstcd bm quc emdmec`ms scdkms scdkms quà`jems quc smd cb mbhgtm y cb nustm, cb nustm getög pmr `ckjm kcb emdtgetm kc sustgdejgs smbuibcs cd bg bcdnug kcb scr lu`gdm y cdc ud sjd d kc gigdjem kc sgimrcs, pgrg quc csm sc bbcvc g egim sc dcecsjtg kc ud õrngdm quc sc cspcejgbjzg cd csm quc cs bg bcdnug y cs kjvjkjkg cd vgrjgs pgrtcs quc kctcetgd egkg pm kc scdsgejõd yg scg gnrjm ,sgbgkm ,çejkm y kubec u`g`j egkg udm kc cstms scdkms sc cdeucdtrg cd kjsdtg pgrtc kc bg bcdnug y egkg udg egptg kjhcrcdtcs scdsgejmdcs gdtcs `cdejmdgkg. Umd bms vgbmrcs kc `gndjtuk `àdj`g kcb cs`ubm, quc smd dcecsgrjms pgrg su kctceejõd. Bms u`irgbcs smd bgs `gndjtukcs kc bms cs`ubms cs kc`gsjgkm kêijb, dm prmkuec udg rcspucstg kc kctceejõd, sc kjec quc bg `gndjtuk kcb cs`ubm cs su u`irgb m suibj`gr? gb emdtrgrjm, bms quc supcrgd cb u`irgb, sc kcdm`jdgd suprgu`irgbcs m suprg bj`jdgbcs. Cb scdkm ecdcstêsjem cs pmr cb eugb pmkc`ms scdr cb `mvj`jcdtm kc bms `öseubms, bg pmsjejõd y bg pmsturg pmr `ckjm kc bms scdkms y cd ducstrg vjkg kjgrjg sc c`pbcg `uelm yg quc cstm sjrvc pgrg pmkcr pgscgr y lgibgr emd mtrgs pcrsmdgs. Bms hcdõ`cdm hcdõ`cdmss pcrecp pcrecptug tugbcs bcs cd cdcd cd quc vcr emd bg vjstg vjstg dms gyukg gyukg g jdtcrp jdtcrprct rctgr gr bg jdhmr`gejõd vjsugb quc rcejicd g ecreg kc bms mifctms.

Eõ`m pcrejij`ms cb `udkm scnöd bg Ncstgbt

Bg psjembmnàg Ncstgbt sc ecdtrg, prcejsg`cdtc, cd bms prmecsms `cdtgbcs rcbgejmdgkms emd bg pcrecpejõd kc bg rcgbjkgk cxtcrdg. @gymr`cdtc emdmejkg pmr cb cdudejgkm ‒cb tmkm cs `gymr quc bg su`g kc sus pgrtcs‐, bg Ncstgbt jdtrmkuec prjdejpjms su`g`cdtc jdtcrcsgdtcs em`m cb kc mrngdjzgejõd pcrecptugb, quc gigreg bg tcdkcdejg dgturgb g kjsdnujr cdtrc nurgs y hmdkms, dm sõbm cd smpmrtcs vjsugbcs em`m udg sjbuctg emdtmrdcgkg cd dcnrm smirc ud hmdkm ibgdem, tg`ijêd cd bg pcrecpejõd gukjvg. Kc cstg hmr`g sc cxpbjeg quc pmkg`ms kjsdnujr, cd ud emdejcrtm pgrg mrqucstg, cdtrc bgs eucrkgs y bg bàdcg kc vjcdtm-`gkcrg.

 

Ucnöd bg Ncstgbt, tcdkc`ms g mrkcdgr bgs hmr`gs quc egptg`ms kcb `udkm cxtcrjmr kc `gdcrg quc gkqujcrcd ud scdkm m emlcrcdejg, pcr`jêdkmdms mtmrngrbc ud sjndjegkm. Kc cstm kcrjvg cb scnudkm prjdejpjm, bg emdstgdejg pcrecptugb. pcrecptugb.

Bg emdstgdejg cdejcrrg bg hmr`g, cb tg`g÷m y cb embmr. Bg udjõd kc cstms gtrjiutms lgec quc udg `csjtg `csjtg ibgdeg ibgdeg y rckmdk rckmdkg g dms sjng sjng pgrcej pgrcejcdk cdkm m udg udg `csjtg `csjtg ibgdeg ibgdeg y rckmdk rckmdkg g sjd j`pmrtgr cb çdnubm kcskc cb eugb sc `jrc (hmr`g), bg kjstgdejg (tg`g÷m) m bgs emdkjejmdcs bu`àdjegs (embmr). Qmr öb`m, öb`m, bms cdudejgk cdudejgkms ms kc bg psjembmnà psjembmnàg g Ncstgbt Ncstgbt em`prcdk em`prcdkcd cd eugtrm eugtrm prjdejpjm prjdejpjmss cd rcbgejõd emd bg tcdkcdejg pcrecpvg kc bms lu`gdms6 Cb prjdejpjm kc prmxj`jkgk, scnöd cb eugb tcdkc`ms g pcrejijr bgs hmr`gs cd emdfudtm cd hudejõd kc bg ecregdàg cdtrc udgs y mtrgs (trcs `gdzgdgs, kms fudtgs y mtrg gbcfgkg, dms pgrcecrçd ud pgr kc `gdzgdgs `gdzgdgs y udg `gdzgdg gjsbgkg). Cb pr prjd jdej ejpj pjm m kc sc`c sc`cfg fgdz dzg, g, qu quc c lgec lgec gbus gbusjõ jõd d g bg tc tcdk dkcd cdej ejg g g pc pcre reji jijr jr bg bgss hm hmr` r`gs gs sc`cfgdtcs (yg scg pmr su embmr, hmr`g m tg`g÷m) em`m pgrtc kc ud pgtrõd. Cb prjdejpjm kc ejcrrc, scnöd cb eugb tcdkc`ms g mivjgr cb egrçetcr jdem`pbctm kc bms mifctms y g mtmrngrbcs ud scdkm kc emlcrcdejg, gudquc dm bm pmscgd dgturgb`cdtc. Cb prjdejpjm kc emddujkgk, pgrg cb eugb tcdkc`ms g gnrupgr, em`m pgrtc kc ud pgtrõd, gqucbbgs nurgs quc pmr su kjrceejõd pgrcecd kgrbc emddujkgk. ‒Dm vc`ms bgs emsgs sm`m smd, sjdm em`m sm`ms‐ emdebuym quc bgs kjhcrcdejgs eubturgbcs pmkràgd megsjmdgr `gbcdtcdkjkms kc emdsjkcrgejõd cdtrc bgs pcrsmdgs kcijkm g kjhcrcdejgs `gregkgs cd bg pcrecpejõd c`mejmdgb. Cstm sc kcic g quc, kurgdtc cb prmecsm kc pcrecpejõd, jdtcrvjcdcd kms `cegdjs`ms emndjvms quc eg`ijgd pmr em`pbctm cb ru`im kc bg ljstmrjg. Kc cstc `mkm, bg eubturg `mkubg bg pcrecpejõd kc bg c`mejõd pmr bg emdnurgejõd kc6

 

Bgs rcprcscdtgejmdcs `cdtgbcs, quc kcdcd cb emdtcxtm c jduycd cd bg b g pcrecpejõd g djvcb emndjvm y ghcevm, c`pgegdkm cd bg tm`g kc kcejsjmdcs. Bms scsnm scsnmss gtcdej gtcdejmdg mdgbcs bcs,, quc `gre `gregd gd bg kjh kjhcrc crcdej dejg g cdtrc cdtrc bms fujejm fujejmss ig igsgk sgkms ms cd cb rcbgvjs`m y cd cb gismbus`m, gismbus`m, y cb rgzmdg`jcdt rgzmdg`jcdtm m

KCHJDJEJMD

GQYCDKJVGF

EBGUJHJEGEJMD M [JQM

gb prmecsm g trgvês kcb eugb cb scr

cxjstcd trcec pms kc

lu`gdm gkqujcrc m `mkjheg sus

gprcdkjzgfcs, gprcdkjzg fcs, pcrm tcdc`ms kms

lgijbjkgkcs, kcstrczgs,

ebgsjhegejmdcs ebgsjhegej mdcs kc csbms kc

HSDEJMD Cd egsj tmkgs bgs geejmdcs quc

YCBGEJMD Cb gprcdkjzgfc dcecsjtg

rcgbjzg`ms cb gprcdkjzgfc fucng ud

C

kcb bcdnugfc pgrg pgpcb udkg`cdtgb. Ujd c`igrnm, pgrg

j`pgrrsc yg quc ud gbnudgs pcrsmdgs, cb gprcdkjzgfc

dj÷m m udg pcrsmdg emd

emdmej`jcdtms m emdkuetgs, em`m

gprcdkjzgfc gprcdkjzg fc `uy cstukjgkgs6 bg

rutm kc bg cxpcrjcdejg kjrcetg, cb

scdsmrjgb y bg kc Ombi. Kcic`ms

gsmejgkg emd cb emdtcxtm ckuegvm. Bm

prmibc`gs kc bcdnugfc

cstukjm, bg miscrvgejõd, cb

rcemrkgr quc cb csbm quc cdc

quc dm cdcd cd eucdtg cs quc kcskc

sc bc kjheubtgrg

rgzmdg`jcdtm m bg jdstrueejõd. Kjelm

udg pcrsmdg pgrg gprcdkcr

cd mtrgs pgbgirgs, cb gprcdkjzgfc cs

rcsubtg kc udg em`ijdgejõd kc

tmkgvàg cs emdsjkcrgkm udg gevjkgk

iciês gprcdkc`ms g em`cr, g prcstgr

nrgdkc`cdtc gvgdzgr

gtcdejõd, g eg`jdgr, g lgibgr, cte. G

cd bms prmecsms kc `ckjkg quc vg`ms ercejcdkm ducstrms

cb prmecsm kc mr`gr cxpcrjcdejg y

kjsdtms getmrcs6 emndjvms,

gkgptgrbg pgrg uturgs megsjmdcs.

gcevms y psjembõnjems.

eucrpms sc vucbvcd `çs udejmdgbcs

gprcdkjzgfc pmr gbtg kc

pmr bm quc gprcdkc`ms ud g`pbjm

lcrrg`jcdtgs

rgdnm kc lgijbjkgkcs, kc bgs quc

emndjvgs.

`uelgs vcecs dm sm`ms dj

emdsejcdtcs.

BCDNSGFC

Cs ud prmecsm emndjvm supcrjmr y sc

Uc ebgsjhegd em`m 7.grijtrgrjm y emdvcdejmdgb. 9.Sdjvcrsgb. 5.Ygejmdgb. ;.ercgvm. 3.jddgtm 8.gprcdkjkm

7.cxprcsjõd kcb pcdsg`jcdtm6 cb

Cb bcdnugfc rcqujcrc kcb

bcdnugfc dms pcr`jtc bg

gprcdkjzgfc yg quc kc

cxprcsjõd kcb pcdsg`jcdtm y bg

csg `gdcrg kcsgrrmbbgrç

cxtcrjmrjzgejõd cxtcrjmrjzge jõd kc kcscms y

y em`prcdkcrç

gcetms

çejb`cdtc bms bcdnugfcs

9.bcdnug6cs ud sjstc`g kc

y bgs kjsdtgs mr`gs kc

sjndms quc bms lgibgdtcs

em`udjegejõd em`udjegej õd gsà quc cb

kcb pcdsg`jcdtm y bg cxtcrjmrjzgejõd

gprcdkcd y rccdcd cd su

bcdnugfc em`m cb

kc kcscms y gcetms.

`c`mrjg ud eõkjnm quc emdmec

gprcdkjzgfc smd

egkg lgibgdtc y ubjzg egkg quc

lcrrg`jcdtgs

dcecsjtm.

udkg`cdtgbcs pgrg

5. prmecsm emndjvm6 Jdvmbuerg

kcscdvmbvcr bgs

prmecsms smejgbcs, eubturgbcs y

udejmdcs emndjvgs

kchdc em`m bg egpgejkgk m geubtgk cxtrc`gkg`cdtc cxtrc`gkg`cdt c kcsgrrmbbgkg kcsgrrmbbgkg pmr cb scr lu`gdm, cs cb sjstc`g `çs cspcejgbjzgkm cdtrc bms usgkms pmr eugbqujcrg kc bgs cspcejcs gdj`gbcs Cb bcdnugfc dms pcr`jtc bg cxprcsjõd

ud kcsgrrmbbm gegkê`jem.

 

 

QUJEMBMNJG EMNDJ[JXG