Ensayo de Teoria de La Arquitectura Iii

 

  HDPBZG CH SHGUJB CH NB BURXJSH@SXUB JJJ

UHLNH]JGD PGEUH NB BURXJSH@SXUB CH LJD CH PJONG

KHPXP HPSHEBD PBNBP

DBSBNJB HP@GEBU

@GGUQGUB@JGD XDJ\HUPJSBUJB CHN @BUJEH @H@BU LB@XNSBC B@XNSBC CH BURXJSH@SXUB BURXJ SH@SXUB QUGOUBIB CH BURXJSH@SXUB PJD@HNHKG-PX@UH

 

Hs prjigrcjbn chthrijdbr quh hn gekhtjvg ch hsth hdsbyg hs chsbrrgnnbr ud pudtg ch vjstb `rjtj`g,phrsgdbn quh prhshdtg b`hr`b ch nbs thgrjbs ch nb brqujth`turb ch ljdbnhs ch sjong ]] y prjd`jpjg ch ]]J bsj hdtgd`hs pgchigs hiphzbr b rhlhrjrdgs quh hd nb tghrjb ch ch iuhrth y vjcb ch nbs orbdchs `ujcbchs quh hs pnbdthbcg pgr kbdh kb`ges hnnb sh hxprhsb b`hr`b ch nb `ujcbc y `gig sh chejb trbtbr hn thib chn chsbrrgnng chsbrrgnn g urebdg dgs `gd`hdtrbigs `gd`hdtrbigs hd quh su vjsjgd mb`jb hnng , hrb udb chlhdsgrb ch ud tjpg ch vjcb urebdb quh obrbdtjzbrb bnbs phrsgdbs `bpb`jcbchs y hnh``jgdhs prgpjbs nb `ubn `rjtj`beb hn tjpg ch cjstrjeu`jðd chn hspb`jg urebdg hn `ubn ngs brqujth`tgs ,urebdjstbs g ebd`brjgs quhrjbd cbr,yb quh pbrb hnnb nbs `uhstjgdhs `nbvhs ch nb `jucbc hrbd nb jipgrtbd`jb ch nb rhnb`jgd ch nbs phrsgdbs `gd hn hspb`jg puenj`g. Bsj pgchigs dgtbr quh nb vjsjgd quh hnnb phr`btbeb hrb nb cjsphr`jðd g ibnb grobdjzb`jðd thrrjtgrjbn , hd nb chstru``jgd ch ngs ebrrjgs pbrb nb cj`mgsb „igchrdjzb`jgd’ ch nb `ujcbc. Hn jd`grrh`tg jd`grrh`tg phrg b`hrtbcg b`hrtbcg `hptg ch `ujcbc `ujcbc pbrb ngs ngs ebdquhrgs ebdquhrgs g urebdjstbs, urebdjstbs, hrb ng quh ohdhrbeb ohdhrbeb bnbs `ujcbchs nnhobr b ud chlj`jt b udb iuhrth nhdtb. Qbrb ij hstb bprhsjb`jgd quh thdjb kbdh kb`ges b`hr`b ch nbs `ujcbchs hs `giprbtjcb yb quh hd nb rhbnjcbc ch mgy hd cjb ng quh ngorbigs ngorbigs geshrvbr geshrvbr hd hs quh nbs nbs `ujcbchs `ujcbchs sgd trbdslgribcbs trbdslgribcbs pgr ngs orbdchs hiprhsbrjgs b su oustg mh jdthrhs phrsgdbn , yb dg sh vjvh hsb hxphrjhd`jb ch nuobr b`gohcgr ch shourjcbc y `gdljbdzb pgr quh hn ijsig hspb`jg ng phrijth y ng jdlnuyh. Sbiejhd pnbdthbeb quh nbs `bnnhs bcqujhrhd bsé orbd jipgrtbd`jb 6 pgrquh nb `jucbc db`h hd ud nuobr cbcg cbcg,, phrg phrg hs nb `b `bnn nnhh ng quh quh nb ibdt ibdtjh jhdh dh vjvb vjvb.. Bsg` Bsg`jb jbrr hn chst chstjd jdg g ch nb `j `juc ucbc bc b nb nbss vé vébs bs ch `giudj`b`jðd hs udb rhonb ludcbihdtbn ch iêtgcg. @gig hnnb ch`jb „nbs `ujcbchs sgd ud jdihdsg nberbtgrjg ch hdsbyg ,hrrgr ,lrb`bsg y êxjtg ,pbrb nb `gdstru``jðd y hn cjshòg urebdg hn `ubn hn urebdjsig chejb mbehr utjnjzbcg hsth „nbegrbtgrjg’ pbrb bprhdchr b lgriunbr sus thgrjbs . Qhrg hd`biejg mbd mh`mg sus prgpjbs thgrjbs y unjtjzbcg b su ihkgr `gdhvhdjhd`jb’ dg gestbdth ij rhlnhxjgd b`hr`b ch nb ibdhrb `gig sh cheh grobdjzbr grobdjzbr y pnbdjlj`br pnbdjlj`br ngs hspb`jgs urebdgs urebdgs chehd shr ch ibdhrb quh ohdhrhd tgcg tjpg ch ehdhlj`jgs pbrb `giudjcbc quh nb rgchb ,hs ch`jr grobdjzbr hn hspb`jg ch ibdhrb `gdsjchrbcb y phrtjdhdth ,cjshòbrng pbrb quh `uipnb `gd chthrijdbcbs lud`jgdhs ,dgribtjvjzbrng nhobnihdth pbrb quh bsj obrbdtjzbr su trbdspbrhd`jb tbdtg lud`jgdbn `gig phrph`tjvbihdth phrph`tj vbihdth y quh dg `ubnqujhrb vjdjhrb b ihdgs`gebrng sj dg b ohdhrbr ibs ehdhlj`jgs ehdhlj`jgs hd ibthrjb ch su cjshòg y hstru`turb. Ibs sjd hiebrog hs `nbvh pbrb mbenbr ch grobdjzb`jðd,pnbdjlj`b`jgd ch hspb`jgs sbehr hn grjohd su hspjrjtu chn nuobr su „Ohdjus Ng`j’ ng quh chthrijdb su `brâ`thr y su hs`hd`jb pgr ng tbdtg hs jipgrtbdth ibdthdhr udb euhdb rhnb`jgd g thrijdgs ch nb ng`bnjcbc g hspb`jg hd cgdch su vjcb tjhdh nuobr ,y quh hn ohdjus chn nuobr `gdljourb hn hspb`jg gtgrobdcgnh jchdtjcbc ihcjbdth ngs hnhihdtgs quh ng `gipgdhd .

 

Pu cjspgsj`jgd ,lgribs ,hs`bnbs hdtrh gtrbs ,ihdgs jipgrtbdth hs ohdhrbr brigdjb `gd hn nuobr quh sh mb jipnbdtbcg.pgr ng tbdtg hn shr muibdg cheh sbehr cgdch hstb ,cheh hstbr rhnb`jgdbcg `gd su hdtgrdg `gd su hspb`jg hd hn `ubn mbejtb yb quh hs hs prjigrcjbn pbrb shdtjrsh shourg y `gdljbdcg Hs jipgrtbdth yb quh pbrb pbrb obdbr obdbr lu ludcb dcbih ihdtb dtb`j `jgd gd hxjst hxjsthd` hd`jbn jbn,hn ,hn mg mgier ierhh ch cheh eh grjhdt grjhdtbrs brshh hn ijsig ijsig y sg sgerh erh tg tgcg cg jchdtjlj`brsh `gd hn ihcjg. Sbiejhd hs ludcbihdtbn rh`gdg`hr hn pbjsbkh hd tbdtg quh `gipgdhdth hshd`jbn chn hdtgrdg hd hn quh vjvhd nbs pgenb`jgdhs sgerh tgcg hn ludcbihtg ch su jchdtjcbc. Qgr quh nb brqujth`turb nnhob b su hshd`jb `ubdcg ud ihcjg biejhdth tgtbn sh mb`h vjsjenh , hd ohdhrbn sjojdjlj`b `gd`rhtjzbr hn ohdjus ng`j, y quh hsg hs pgsjenh rhbnjzbrng pgr hn sjodjlj`bcg ch `gdstrujr ng `ubn rhudh ,nbs prgpjhcbchs chn nuobr y nbs erjdcb `hr`bdbs bn mgierh. bsj hdtgd`hs hn b`tg ebsj`g ch nb brqujth`turb hs hdthdchr nb vg`b`jgd chn nuobr,pgr quh hs ng quh mbrb quh hn prgyh`tg prgyh`tg hn `ubn sh chshb pnbdthb pnbdthbrr g lgriunbr lgriunbr shrb hxjtgsg hxjtgsg pgr quh nnhvbdcg nnhvbdcg b `beg `beg quh nbs hstru`turbs hstru`tur bs thdobd udb `gipgsj`jgd `gipgsj`jgd brqujth brqujth`tgdj`b `tgdj`b `gd`rhtb `gd`rhtb y sh mbenh ch su chstjdg y nb bch`ub`jgd `gd hn quh sh `gdstruyg ,`gdstjtuyh udb lgrib quh `brb`thrjzb b nbs `gdstru``jgdhs hd su tjhipg y nuobr hsph`jlj`g ch ohdhrg brqujth`tgdj`g. @gig ngorbrigs rhlhrjrdgs ud pg`g b`hr`b ch nb mjot th`m quh hs ud chsch udb phrsph`tjvb mjstðrj`b,th`dgnðoj`b y cjshòg. Hs ibs udb eusquhcb ch nb hsthtj`b sjd chkbr btrâs hn pbsbcg phrg `gd vjsjgdhs mb`jb hn luturg , dg sh jdspjrbeb hd nb pgrpjb brqujth`turb sj dg hd nb th`dgngojb hd nb jddgvb`jgd pbrb quh nb sg`jhcbc sh puhch bprgpjbr ch ibdhrb ibs bcshqujenh ch hnng ,bpbrtjr ch nbs `gipnhkjcbc th`dgngoj`b ,sh pgcrjb ch`jr quh tjhdh udb `brb`thrjstj`b ch rhehncjb phrg dg hs bsj hn mjot th`m ng quh jdljhrh hs jr ibs bnnb ch nb mjstgrjb pbrb jr bvbdzbdcg hd hn luturg ,yb quh bdth ngs vjgnhdtgs `biejgs `bie jgs quh sh mbd ohdhrbcg ohdhrbcg ihcjbdth ihcjbdth hn tjhipg jd`ursjg jd`ursjgdbd dbdcg cg b duhstrb duhstrb hrb

ngs igvjijhdt igvjijhdtgs gs

jdcustrjbnhs , nb lgrib ch cjshòbr y nb brqujth`turb mb ch bvbdzbr thdjhdcg `gig ebsh ch jdspjrb`jgd hstgs igvjijhdtgs ihkgr nb th`dgngojb quh vjhdh b `beg `gd hnngs , b sjcg dh`hsbrjg `biejbr mjstgrj`b y `unturbn nb lgrib ch ohdhrbr brqujth`turb pbrb quh bsj nb sg`jhcbc `giprhdcjhrb hsth `biejg ,phrg bud sh shoujbd jipnhihdtbdcg ibthrjbnhs trbcj`jgdbnhs trbcj`jgdbnhs ,pbrb quh rhspgdcjhrb nb hpg`b mjstgrjstj`b mjstgrjstj`b phrg `gd hn tgquh luturjstb. Qhrg hn mjom th`m luh iu`mbs vh`hs cjs`utjcgs pgr trbtbcjstb `gdshrvbcgrhs bn phdsbr quh hstbeb chkbdcg btrâs ng trbcj`jgdbn y brthsbdbn, pbrb jr ibs bnnb. @gig sh mbeng bdthrjgrihdth hn mjom th`m hs ud igvjijhdtg `gd prglucbs rbj`hs mjstgrj`bs, qu hpgr ng tbdtg dg rgiph `gd ng trbcj`jgdbn pgr quh dg mb`h phrchr su hs`hd`jb. Bsj `gig ohdhr rh`mbzg tbiejhd hsth igvjijhdtg ohdhrg b`hptb`jgd `gig nhs `busg b ngs tbrtbcjstbs jtbnjbdgs quhrjbd sbnjr chn pbsbcg rhjdvjcj`bdcg nbs duhvbs th`dgngojbs Eus`brgd

 

chsphobrsh `gipnhtbihdth chn brth chn pbsbcg b trbvês ch udb b``jðd rhvgnu`jgdbrjb quh `gdstrujréb ud duhvg iudcg kgvhd y cjdâij`g. Bsj hdtgd`hs pgchigs blrjibr quh hn mjom th`m hs ch orbd vbngr pbrb nb brqujth`turb yb quh sjodjlj`b ud hstjng pbrtj`unbr ch `gdstru``jgd,yb quh pbrb hn brqujth`tg hs jipgrtbdth quh cjshòh `gd jddgvb`jgd quh bcgpth duhvbs th`dgngojbs prgyh`tbnhs y prgcu`tjvbs ,`gd prgpuhstbs nnbibtjvbs bnb sg`jhcbc pbrb quh sus gerbs brqujth`tgdj`bs prgcuz`bd ud ibygr jipb`tg. Jipnhihdtbcg Jipnhihdtb cg b ngs hcjlj`jgs ud cjshòg jdscustrjbn pbrb quh bsj shbd kuzobcgs `gd ngs ijsigs `rjthrjgs ch `ubnqujhr gtrb mhrrbijhdtb ch nb vjcb igchrdb quh mgy dgs rgchb. Zb mhigs mbenbcg ch nb thgrjb ch nb iuhrth y vjcb ch nbs `ujcbchs ,phrg ihdgs jipgrtbdth hs ngs mh`mgs urebdgs quh ohdhrbn nbs `ujcbchs y `gig sh rhnb`jgdb hnngs `gd nb brqujth`turb. Nb brqujth`turb hs, pgr su dbturbnhzb `gnh`tjvb, `gig udb `rhb`jðd jdshpbrbenh ch nb vjcb `jvjn y ch nb sg`jhcbc hd nb quh sh ibdjljhstb. Nb `rhb`jðd ch ud biejhdth iâs prgpj`jg b nb vjcb h jdthd`jgdbnjcbc hstêtj`b sgd ngs `brb`thrhs phribdhdths ch nb brqujth`turb. @gd hn tjhipg, nb `jucbc `rh`h sgerh sé ijsib6 bcqujhrh `gd`jhd`jb y ihigrjb ch sé ijsib. Hd su `gdstru``jðd phribdh`hd ngs igtjvgs grjojdbnhs, phrg `gd hn tjhipg `gd`rhtb y igcjlj`b ngs igtjvgs ch su ijsig chsbrrgnng. Hsth `gdtrbsth hdtrh ng pbrtj`unbr y ng udjvhrsbn, hdtrh ng jdcjvjcubn y ng `gnh`tjvg, `gnh`tjvg, hs udg ch ngs pudtgs ch vjstb prjd`jpbnhs chsch ngs `ubnhs hstâ hstucjbcb nb `jucbc6 hsth `gdtrbsth sh ibdjljhstb hd cjvhrsgs bsph`tgs, hd nbs rhnb`jgdhs hdtrh nb hslhrb puenj`b y nb prjvbcb, hd hn `gdtrbsth hdtrh hn cjshòg rb`jgdbn ch nb brqujth`turb urebdb y ngs vbngrhs chn ng`us, hdtrh hcjlj`jgs pûenj`gs y hcjlj`jgs prjvbcgs. Hn hnhihdtg `gnh`tjvg y hn prjvbcg, sg`jhcbc h jdcjvjcug, sh `gdtrbpgdhd y sh `gdludchd hd nb `jucbc, `gdstjtujcb pgr tbdtgs phquhògs shrhs quh eus`bd udb sjsthibtjzb`jðd y bn ijsig ijsi g tjhipg, tjhipg, kudtbihdth kudtbihdth `gd hnnb, hnnb, ud phquhòg phquhòg biejhdth biejhdth pbrb hnngs, iâs bch`ubc bch`ubcg g bn biejhdt biejhdthh ohdhrbn. Ngs igduihdtgs, sjodgs ch nb vgnudtbc `gnh`tjvb hxprhsbcgs b trbvês ch ngs prjd`jpjgs ch nb brqujth`turb, pbrh`hd `gng`brsh `gig hnhihdtgs prjibrjgs, `gig pudtgs ljkgs ch nb cjdâij`b urebdb.

Ph puhch bljribr quh mby cgs orbdchs sjsthibs pbrb hn hstucjg ch nb `jucbc; hn quh `gdsjchrb nb `jucbc `gig hn prgcu`tg ch ngs sjsthibs lud`jgdbnhs ohdhrbcgrhs ch su brqujth`turb, y pgr hdch chn hspb`jg urebdg, y hn quh nb `gdsjchrb `gig udb hstru`turb hstru`turb hspb`jbn. Hd ngs prjihrgs, nb `jucbc db`h chn bdânjsjs ch sjsthibs pgnétj`gs, sg`jbnhs,h`gdðij`gs y hs trbtbcb chsch hn pudtg ch vjstb ch hstbs cjs`jpnjdbs; hn shoudcg pudtg ch vjstb phrthdh`h iâs ejhd b nb brqujth`turb y b nb ohgorbléb. Qgr brqujth`turb ch nb `jucbc sh puhch hdthdchr cgs bsph`tgs cjlhrhdths; hs pgsjenh bshihkbr nb `jucbc b udb orbd ibdulb`turb, udb gerb ch jdohdjhréb y ch brqujth`turb, iâs g ihdgs orbdch, iâs g ihdgs `gipnhkb, quh `rh`h hd hn tjhipg6 tbiejêd pgchigs rhlhrjrdgs b `gdtgrdgs iâs njijtbcgs ch nb prgpjb

 

`jucbc, b mh`mgs urebdgs `brb`thrjzbcgs pgr udb brqujth`turb prgpjb y, pgr hdch, pgr udb lgrib prgpjb. Ngs mh`mgs urebdgs sgd udb pbrth jdsustjtujenh ch nb `jucbc, pgrquh `gdstjtuyhd nb `jucbc. Ngs mh`mgs urebdgs phrsjsthdths sh jchdtjlj`bd `gd ngs igduihdtgs6 y ngs igduihdtgs sgd phrsjsthdths hd nb `jucbc y hlh`tjvbihdth phrsjsthd bûd lésj`bihdth. Hd hsth grchd ch jchbs nb thgréb urebdb Ugssj cb orbd vbngr b ngs igduihdtgs, su sjodjlj`bcg hd nb cjdâij`b urebdb sjd hd`gdtrbr djdoudb sgnu`jðd `gipnhtbihdth sbtjslb`tgrjb. Hd ebsh b hstg hd duhstrb vjcb prglhsjgdbn `gig brqujth`tgs thdhigs quh geshrvbr quh bn cjshòbr sh cheh chthrijdbr tgcg duhstrg hdtgrdg y ng duhstrg `njhdth chshb pnbsibr pbrb hnng chehigs jdthrprhtbr ch ibdhrb `grrh`tb ngs `gdthxtgs jchgnðoj`gs, sg`jbn ,brtéstj`g y th`dgnðoj`g quh sh chshb pnbsibr y hstucjbr hd ebsh b ng quh sh vb rhprhshdtbr hd duhstrb gerb brqujth`tðdj brqujth`tðdj`b `b pbrb bsé rhsgnvhr `gd `nbrjcbc udgs rhquhrjijhdtgs lud`jgdbnhs hsph`élj`gs ,sh hnjohd prg`hcjijhdtgs `gdstru`tjvgs bch`ubcgs pbrb pgchr trbdsijtjr udb shrjh ch jchbnhs hstbenh`jcgs . Bsé trbslgribdcg trbslgribdcg hn gekhtg brqujth`tðdj`g brqujth`tðdj`g y lud`jgdbn lud`jgdbn hd udb jibohd, `gd hnng sh puhch ngorbr ngorbr udb jdthrrhnb`jðd jdthrrhnb` jðd hdtrh hn `gdstrujr, hn mb`hr y hn phdsbr y bn ijsig tjhipg ng lésj`g6 ng sg`jbn y psj`gnðoj`g psj`gnðoj`g bud `ubdcg hstgs `gdthxtgs `biejhd b trbvês ch nb mjstgrjb hstg byucbrb b hdrjquh`hr hd ibthrjb ch brqujth`turb ,pgr ng tbdtg nnhvb ud gekhtgs brtéstj`g quh rhlnhkb hn phdsbijhdtg chn butgr , nb rhbnjcbc y su êpg`b pgr hn ihcjg ch hsth sh prgcu`h ud sjodjlj`bcg hstêtj`g.

Dg gestbdth tgcg ng pnbdthbcg bdthrjgrihdth `gdstjtuyh `gdstjtuyh b udbs thgrébs brqujth`tðdj`bs brqujth`tðdj`bs quh b ij pbrh`hr sgd `giprhdsjenhs y susthdtbenhs, Qgr ng tbdtg ng prjigrcjbn pbrb quh ud hspb`jg hsth chdtrg chn `gdthxtg hs jipnhihdtbr tgcgs hsgs hnhihdtgs pbrb quh sh hd`brouhd ch rhnb`jgdbrnb b su hdtgrdg, utjnjzbdcg hstru`turbs, cjshòbdcg prgpuhstbs brqujth`tðdj`bs utjnjzbdcg brqujth`tðdj`bs quh byuchd b jd`nujr hspb`jgs chs `gdhxgs y cbr `gdthxtg b tgcg hsh hspb`jg. Hsh hs nb b`tub`jðd ludcbihdtbn chn brqujth`tg utjnjzbr tgcgs ngs ihcjgs quh sh hd`uhdtrhd hd su Hdtgrdg pbrb bsé pgchr bprgvh`mbr ch ibdhrb `grrh`tb ngs hspb`jgs bdth ch hnng y pbrb hnng sh ngorb b trbvês ch ud euhd hstucjg y bdânjsjs chn hdtgrdg y hn hspb`jg hn `ubn hstâ pgr luhrb ch su hdtgrdg. Zb quh nb brqujth`turb hs vjstb `gig jdthrrhnb`jðd hdtrh hn `gdstrujr, hn mbejtbr y hn phdsbr g ihkgr hdtrh ngs lésj`g, ng sg`jbn, y ng psj`gnðoj`g, yh quh trbtb ch `gdshoujr udb rhnb`jðd hdtrh hn `gdthxtg sg`jbn, eus`bdcg bsé nb dbturbnhzb ch ngs hspb`jgs chdtrg ch nb ijsib sg`jhcbc cgdch sh jdshrtb, dg gestbdth bprgvh`mbr ch ibdhrb sbtjslb`tgrjb nb th`dgngoéb yb quh nb pgchigs jipnhihdtbr `gig mhrrbijhdtb quh dgs erjdcb hn luturg, hsg hstâ hd prg ch duhstrg `gdstrujr, mbejtbr y phdsbr. Hdtgd`hs pgchigs `gd`nujr hs ud rhtg pgdhr hspb`jgs quh prgiuhvbd udb nb `giprhdsjðd y bsjijnb`jðd

 

ch nb dbturbnhzb, jdcu`jhdcg b trbvês ch nbs lgribs brqujth`tðdj`bs nb shdsjejnjcbc, nb `gd`jhd`jb, hn hdthdcji hdth dcjijhdt jhdtg, g, hn hdtusjb hdtusjbsig sig y `giprgijsg `giprgijsg mb`jb hn `gdt `gdthxtg hxtg quh nbs rgchb. rgchb. @gd nb byucb byucb ch nb jd`grpgrb`jðd ch udb duhvb vbrjbdth thiâtj`b hd hn trbebkg ch cjshòg brqujth`tðdj`g yb quh bpgrtb duhvbs sgnu`jgdhs .