Ensayo de Dibujo Mecánico

 

[NQÝKLJFB KHLJTB[JBIB GN TNIN]^NLB @JIJVWN[JH GNL QHGN[ QHQ^LB[ QB[B LB GNDNIVB ^IJTN[VJGBG IBFJHIBL NUQN[J@NIWBL QHLJWÊFIJFB GN LB D^N[]B B[@BGB ^INDB IÝFLNH B[BC^B-NUWNIVJÖI FBC^B FB[[N[B= JICNIJN[ÀB @NFÂIJFB

GJK^MH @NFBIJFH Nisbyh

Qrd= Mhsê Lnöi

Blu`ih= Lnhibrgh Klbifh FJ=;;.;5>.37;

Fbcub, ihvjn`krn gn ;1;1

 

JIW[HG^FFJÖI BL GJK^MH @NFÂIJFH

J`phrtb y phr `ufebs rbzhins rnsbltbr qun, lb `nmhr dhr`b gn rnprnsnitbr uib jgnb ns phr `ngjh gn crbdjs`hs y làinbs? ns gn sbknr qun nstn `êthgh llnvb sjnigh usbgh b lbrch gnl tjn`ph. Ns gn sbknr qun, `ufeh bitns gn qun j`bcjibrb y gnsbrrhllbrb sjstn`bs nsfrjturb sn bphybkb lbs jgnbs nxprnsbgbs ni nl brtn y bsà fhistbtbr vjvnifjbs. Vj kjni ns fjnrth, nl gjkumh sn vhlvjö uib bftjvjgbg prhpjb gn fjnrths nspnfjbljstbs, tbith gn brtjstbs fh`h jicnijhshs qun kusfbkbi lb dhr`b gn phgnr fukrjr bqunllhs dniö`nihs qun lb lnicub h nsfrjturb ih phgàb nxpljfbr h rnprnsnitbr? jgnbs y nstrufturbs plbs`bgbs ni ui pbpnl, `ngjbitn trbzhs y làinbs. Bftubl`nitn bui qun lbs tnfihlhcàbs bvbizbi, lhs jicnijnrhs, brqujtnfths y gjsnòbghrns, bui j`pln`nitbi nl ush h nlbkhrbfjöi gn plbihs, khsqunmhs y frhqujs. Qhr ýltj`h, nl gjkumh têfijfh y nl gjkumh `nfâijfh gnkni phinr b lb vjstb thghs bqunllhs gntbllns qun sn rnqujnrni pbrb nlbkhrbr ui prhynfth. Qhr lh cninrbl, gbi ush b lb sj`khlhcàb pbrb rnprnsnitbr fhrtns, làinbs y htrhs nln`niths? nsth pnr`jtn qun, sn n`plnn lb `js`b sj`khlhcàb b ijvnl jitncrbl, byugbigh bl nitnigj`jnith nitrn lhs nxpnrths.

;

 

[NQ[NVNIWBFJHI GN HKMNWH Lb rnprnsnitbfjöi gn ui hkmnth trjgj`nisjhibl shkrn uib supnrdjfjn plbib, cninrbl`nitn sn pungn nstbklnfnr `ngjbitn lb byugb gn rbyhs gn rndnrnifjb (làinbs gn prhynffjöi). Lb hrjnitbfjöi rnlbtjvb gn nsths rbyhs nitrn sà gntnr`jib nl tjph gn prhynffjöi. 

Ns gn sbknr qun, pbrb rnprnsnitbr ui hkmnth, ns prnfjsh fhisncujr lbs prhynffjhins ehrjzhitbl y vnrtjfbl gn thghs sus vêrtjfns, yb qun b pbrtjr gn bllà sn pungn gnlj`jtbr lbs prhynffjhins gn lhs khrgns, y phr fhisjcujnitn sus fbrbs.

^i hkmnth phgrâ hfupbr ni nl nspbfjh `ufehs nidhquns, pnrh tnijnigh ni funitb qun nstn nstugjh sn vb b rnbljzb fhi `jrbs prâftjfbs, y sn sjtubrâ ni phsjfjhins fhivnijnitns.

Ns gn vjtbl j`phrtbifjb ni lb rnprnsnitbfjöi gn funrphs, lb gntnr`jibfjöi gn lhs khrgns (brjstbs) vjsjklns y hfultbs. Qbrb nllh tnigrn`hs ni fubitb lbs fhisjgnrbfjhins sjcujnitns.

Vn llb`b fhithrih bpbrbrni tn gn uib prhynffjöi, b lb dhr`b phljchibl h furvb gn lb sjluntb. Nsths rnsultbi sjn`prn vjsjklns.

Vnrâi vjsjklns ni prhynffjöi ehrjzhitbl, lbs brjstbs y vêrtjfns qun nstêi `âs blnmbghs gn lb febrinlb ni prhynffjöi vnrtjfbl. [nsultbi hfultbs ni prhynffjöi ehrjzhitbl, lbs brjstbs y vêrtjfns qun ni nl vnrtjfbl nstêi `âs pröxj`bs b lb febrinlb.

Vnrâi vjsjklns vnrtjfbl`nitn bqunllbs brjstbs y vêrtjfns, qun ehrjzhitbl`nitn rnsultni lbs blnmbgbs gn lb febrinlb y phr lh tbith `âs pröxj`bs bl hksnrvbghr.

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Gn nstb dhr`b sn pungn rnprnsnitbr lhs gjstjiths funrphs cnh`êtrjfhs fh`h lhs shi= nl fhih, fjljigrh, nsdnrb, prjs`bs y pjrâ`jgns.

BFHWBFJÖI Vj kjni ns fjnrth, lb bfhtbfjöi ni nl gjkumh gnkn gn su`jijstrbr uib gnsfrjpfjöi fh`plntb gn sus fh`phinitns y sn gjsphigrâi tnijnigh ni funitb lbs hpnrbfjhins gn dbkrjfbfjöi gn lb pjnzb gnkn gn snr gndjijgh su prhfnsh

gn

dbkrjfbfjöi,

fbrbftnràstjfbs,

tb`bòh,

phsjfjöi,

fhitrhl

cnh`êtrjfh, tnxturbs.

Nl hkmnth dbkrjfbgh, gnknrâ gn phgnrsn dbkrjfbr sji infnsjgbg gn rnbljzbr `ngjfjhins shkrn nl `js`h, ij gngufjr `ngjgbs phr su`b h rnstb gn fhtbs. Nl gj`nisjhibgh ghkln h ni nxfnsh tb`phfh gnknrâ gn snr bg`jtjgh.

Qhr nmn`plh, nl funrph söljgh gn lb djcurb ;1B, pbrb nstbklnfnr su dhr`b nxbftb infnsjtb`hs, su lhicjtug, bifeurb, nspnshr y lb, phsjfjöi nxbftb gn lhs fàrfulhs fhi rnlbfjöi bl funrph. Gn gnih`jib fhtb b lb ihr`b nstbklnfjgb pbrb jigjfbr lbs gj`nisjhins gn uib pjnzb. Lb gjsphsjfjöi gn lbs fhtbs gnkn snr flbrb y prnfjsb, yb qun, ni fbsh fhitrbrjh, prhgufjrâi nrrhrns y b uib pêrgjgb gn tjn`ph y gjinrh ni nl prhfnsh gn dbkrjfbfjöi. Qbrb nllh sncujrn`hs uib snrjn gn ihr`bs y rnfh`nigbfjhins qun vjnini rnfhcjgbs ni lb Ihr`b (^IN 2-216:-:7).

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