English Vocabulary - Spoken English Course Lucknow

English Vocabulary

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

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English Vocabulary

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Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

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LEARNING PROCESS

ENGLISH

ENGLISH

FLUENCY

BASICS

SPEAKING

DEVELOPMENT

ENGLISH SPEAKING CURICULLUM

English Basics

English Grammar

English Vocablary

English Speaking

Fluency Development

English Pronunciation

PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT COURSE

GroupDiscussion Public -

Leadership

Speaking

You ( + ) ve

Interview Training

Thinking Soft Skills

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

4

English Vocabulary

TABLE OF CONTENTS Topic No Topic Name

Page No 5

2

The English Alphabet Common Symbols

3

Capitalisation

6

4

Appearance

7

5

Compound Words

9

6

Computers

10

7

English Families

11

8

English Greetings

13

9

English Numbers

16

10

Telephone Calls

18

11

Season

19

12

Time

20

13

Weather

21

14

Building Vocabulary

22

15

Clothes Vocabulary

26

16

Eating Vocabulary

29

17

Education Vocabulary

34

18

Election Vocabulary

37

19

Entertainment Vocabulary

40

20

Food Vocabulary

42

21

Job & Work Vocabulary

43

22

Birth, Life and Death Vocabulary

46

23

Money Vocabulary

49

24

House Vocabulary

52

25

Shopping Vocabulary

57

26

Sports Vocabulary

60

27

English Abbreviation & Acronyms

62

28

Common Names Daily Household

64

29

Common Professions

70

30

Common Vocabulary

80

31

English Phonetics

81

32

Pair of Things

82

33

Parts of Car

82

34

Pair of Clothing

83

35

Parts of the Body

83

1

6

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

5

English Vocabulary

36

Special Occasion

83

37

Weather

84

38

Weekend

84

39

Art & Music

84

40

Banking & Finance

85

41

Containers

85

42

Natural Disasters

85

43

Household Chores

85

44

Office Supplies

86

45

City Sights

86

46

Daily Activities

86

47

Days

87

48

Electronic Devices

87

49

Hobbies

87

50

House & Apartment

88

51

Location

88

52

Meals

88

53

Must Know Vocabulary

88

53

Vocabulary List

88 PICTURE VOCABULARY

55

Basic Food

93

56

Body & Health

94

57

Classroom Items

95

58

Clothing & Accessories

95

59

Colors

96

60

Dishes

96

61

Fruits

97

62

Home & Furniture

98

63

People & Occupation

98

64

Personal Items

99

65

Sports fun & Recreation

100

66

Transportation

101

67

Vegetables

101

68

Amphibians , Reptiles & Birds

102

69

Musical Instruments

105

70

Shapes

105

71

Tools

106

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

T

THE ENGLISH ALPHABET

V

The alphabet A-Z Aa

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Ff

Gg

Hh The Phonetic Alphabet

Ii

Jj

Kk

Ll

Mm

Nn

Oo

Pp

Qq

Rr

Ss

Tt

Uu

Vv

Ww

Xx

Yy

Zz

VOWELS A

E

I

O

U

CONSONANTS B

C

D

F

G

H

J

K

L

M

N

P

Q

R

S

T

V

W

X

Y

Z

When spelling (especially over the phone) use the phonetic alphabet to avoid confusion. A

Alpha

B

Bravo

C

Charlie

D

Delta

E

Echo

F

Foxtrot

G

Golf

H

Hotel

I

India

J

Juliet

K

Kilo

L

Lima

M

Mike

N

November

O

Oscar

P

Papa

Q

Quebec

R

Romeo

S

Sierra

T

Tango

U

Uniform

V

Victor

W

Whisky

X

X-Ray

Y

Yankee

Z

Zulu

THE RHYMING ALPHABET The following letters rhyme with each other:ä sound ë sound e sound ï sound A

B

F

I

H

C

L

Y

J

D

M

K

E

N

G

S

P

X

yü sound O

Q

RZ

COMMON SYMBOLS

U W

Symbol

Word (common term in brackets)

.

Full Stop

,

Comma

?

Question Mark

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

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English Vocabulary

!

Exclamation Mark

:

Colon

;

Semi-Colon

-

Hyphen (Dash)

&

Ampersand

7

necessary to let the person know when letters need to be written in CAPITALS and when they need to be written small. There's a guide to capitalisation here. "How do you spell UNESCO "Capital U-N-E-S-C-O." please?" "How do you spell T-Online

/

Virgule (Forward Slash)

\

Reversed Virgule (Backward Slash)

@

At

#

Hash

£

Pound Symbol

€

Euro Symbol

$

Dollar Symbol

'

Apostrophe

~

Tilde

*

Asterisk

´

Acute Accent

`

Grave Accent

"

Quotation Mark

()

Left / Right Parentheses

[]

Left / Right Square Bracket

{}

Left / Right Brace



Left / Right Angle Bracket

please?" "How do you

"Capital T dash capital O small n-l-in-e."

"The number one then an ampersand

spell 1&1 Profi another one, followed by capital P small r-o-f-i."

please?"

APPEARANCES - HOW TO DESCRIBE SOMEONE IN ENGLISH Height

+

He is tall.

He is short. He is normal height.

He is very

He is quite

He is relatively

tall.

short.

normal height.

CAPITALISATION When spelling a word for someone it is sometimes Confidence, Fluency & Personality

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English Vocabulary

Build

Eyes

grey eyes

green

blue

brown

dark

eyes

eyes

eyes

eyes

! Note!

She is skinny. (negative) She is fat. (negative)

She is underweight.

This is a black eye!

She is overweight.

(negative)

(negative)

She is thin. (negative)

She is plump. (neutral) Type of hair She is stocky. (neutral)

She is slim. (positive)

She is slender. (positive)

She is bonny. (positive) ^

He She has long hair.

has

She has short hair.

no hair. = He is bald.

!Note - if a man is fat (especially round the waist) we often say he has a beer belly.

She has

has

She

mediu

mediu

has

m

m

short

length

length

hair.

hair.

hair.

She

+

Hair

She

She

has

has

long,

short,

black

black

hair.

hair.

has mediu -

m length , blonde hair.

blonde/fai r hair blonde

brown hair

red hair

brunette redhead

black hair -

grey hair

-

She

She

+

has

has

+

long,

short,

straig

straigh

ht,

t,

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

-

She

She has

She

mediu

has

m

short,

length, blond red

e hair.

hair.

She

She

She

has

has

has

mediu

mediu

short,

m

m

curly,

length, length, blond

English Vocabulary

black

black

straigh

wavy,

hair.

hair.

t,

red

blonde

hair.

9

e hair.

hair. Her

o r

Her

Her

hair is

hair is

long,

short,

straig

straigh

ht and

t and

black.

black.

Her

hair is mediu m -

length, straigh

hair is mediu m length, wavy

t and

and

blonde

red.

.

Her

eyebrows

cheeks

fringe

lips

teeth

hair is short, curly and blond e.

COMPOUND WORDS A compound word is made when two words are joined to form a new word. Look at the red word. Look at the words in the row. Click on a blue word to make a compound word. There may be more than one correct answer. Use a dictionary to learn the

Type of complexion

meaning or definition of the compound word.

A afterthought, airplane, another, anybody, anyhow, anyone, anything, anywhere

He is

She is

B She is

white. She is white. white. He is asian. He black. She He She has She has light-brown has has very has skin. lightly fair pale dark tanned skin. skin. skin. skin.

backbone, backspace, backwoods, become, bedroom, beeswax, birthday, birthright, blackberry, blackbird, blackboard, bloodvessel, bluebell, bodyguard, bookkeeper, brushwood

C cardboard, carefree, caretaker, carpet, chairman, clockwork, commonsense, copyright, cupboard

D daylight, dead weight, downfall

OTHER FEATURES

E

Point your cursor over the named feature, if you're correct the word will appear.

earring, earthwork, evergreen, everybody, everyday, everyone, everything, everywhere, eyeball

F fatherland, ingerprint, firearm, fire-engine, firefly, fireman, fireplace, firework, first-rate, floppy disk, football, footlights, footman, footnote, footprint, footstep

moustach e

beard

chin

forehea d

G nostrils

gasworks, goldfish, goodlooking, good-morning, goodnight, gunboat, gun-carriage, gunmetal, gunpowder

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

H

T

handbook, handwriting, headdress, headland, headstone, headway, hereafter, herewith, herself, highlands, highway, himself, horsback, horseplay, horsepower, hourglass, houseboat, housekeeper, however

themselves, today, tonight, toothpaste, tradesman

10

U

I

underclothing, undercooked, undergo, undergrowth, undermined, undersigned, undersized, understatement, undertake, undervalued, undo, update, upkeep, uplift, upon, upright, uptake, uptight

inasmuch, income, indoors, inland, inlet, input, inside, instep, into, itself

V viewpoint .

J,K joystick, keyboard

W

L landmark, landslip, lighthouse, lipstick, loanshark, looking-glass

M manhandle, manhole, meeting room, moonlight, myself

wallpaper, waterfall, weekend, well-being, well-off, whatever, whenever, whereas, whereby, wherever, whichever, whitewash, whoever, windpipe, within, without, woodwork, workhouse , workman

X x-ray

Y N network, newspaper, nobody, nothing, nowhere

yearbook, yourself

O

zookeeper

offspring, oncoming, oneself, oneline, onlooker, onto, ourselves, outburst, outcome, outcry, outdoor, outgoing, outhouse, outlaw, outlet, outline, outlook, output, outside, outskirts, outstretched, overacting, overall overbalancing, overbearing, overcoat, overcome, overdo, overdressed, overfull, overhanging, overhead, overland, overleaf, overload, overlook, overseas, overseer, overshoe, overstatement, overtake, overtaxed, overtime overturned, overuse, overvalued, overweight, overworking

Z

COMPUTERS PC (Personal Computer) I presume that as you're visiting this page you are on some kind of computer, but do you know what all the parts of a computer are called? Find the items listed, hover over the item or click on it to see if you're right.

P pincushion, plaything , policeman, policewoman, postman, postwoman, postmark, postmaster, postoffice

Q,R railway, runway, runaway

scarecrow, seaman, secondhand, shorthand, shutdown, sideboard, sidewalk, somebody, someday, somehow, someone, something, sometime, somewhat, somewhere, starlight, startup, steamship, suchlike, sunburn, sunlight, sunshade, sweetheart

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

Find these items on this computer desk:computer(s) cupboard(s) disc drive(s) drawer(s) filing cabinet(s) keyboard(s) monitor(s) mouse(s) mousemat(s) pigeonhole(s) speaker(s) screen(s)

English Vocabulary

11

Laptop Mr and Mrs Bell have two children. Reshma and Laptops are similar, but need some extra vocabulary.

Navin Sharma.

Find these items on this laptop

This is Reshma

disc drive(s) keyboard(s) hinge(s) screen(s) touchpad(s)

Sharma. Reshma is their daughter.

This is Navin Sharma. Navin is their son.

Navin is older than Reshma. Keyboard

He is Reshma's big brother.

The keyboard is one of your input devices, but do you know your way around an English one?

Reshma is younger than Navin. She is Navin's little sister. They are brother and sister.

ENGLISH FAMILIES They are Mr and Mrs Sharma’s children. This is Asha. Asha Ravi is Reshma and Navin's

Sharma.

father. Asha is Reshma and Navin's mother.

This is Ravi.Ravi Sharma.

They are Reshma and Navin's parents.

Asha and Ravi are married to each other. Ravi is Asha's husband. Asha is Ravi's wife. They are husband and wife.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

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Mr and Mrs Robert's have another daughter Anne. Anne is Mary's younger

This is Emily.

sister. She is the youngest.

Emily Richards.

She isn't married. She is single. She is Carol and Robert's aunt. Carol is her niece and Robert is her nephew.

This is Edgar. Edgar

Mary's husband George is

Richards.

her brother-in-law. She is George's sister-inlaw. Mr and Mrs Richards are Mary's parents. She is their daughter.

Mr and Mrs Robert's also have a son, Charles.

Mary's name before she got married was Mary Richards. Mary Richards is her maiden name, Mary Bell is her married name.

Charles is Mary's older brother. He is the eldest. He is Carol and Robert's

Edgar and Emily are Carol and Robert's

uncle.

grandparents. Carol and Robert are Charles was married, but

their grandchildren.

he isn't any more. He's Mr Richards is their grandfather. They

divorced.

call him grandad. Mrs Richards is their grandmother. They call her granny. Carol is their granddaughter and

He is George's brother-inlaw. This is Emma.

Robert is their grandson. She is Charles' baby. They're George Bell's in-laws. Mrs Richards is his mother-in-law and

Charles is her father.

Edgar is his father-in-law. George is their son-in-law.

She is Carol and Robert's cousin, they are her cousins too.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

13

Mary and Anne are her aunts, she is Mary and

"Good

+

Anne's niece.

night."

George is her uncle, she is his niece.

"Good

+

night."

Charles, Mary and Anne are siblings.

Special Greetings "Happy Christmas." or "Merry Christmas."

Charles, Mary, Anne, Emily, Edgar, Carol, Robert, Emma and George are all related. They are

00.01 - 1st January "Happy New Year!"

members of the same family. They are relatives. "Happy Easter."

ENGLISH GREETINGS Every day Greetings or

"Good morning."

"Good Luck!"

etc.... "Good afternoon."

"Congratulations!" or "Well done!"

Good evening." or etc...

"Goodbye." "Get well soon."

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Shaking Hands

14

Formal to Informal Greetings and Introductions When meeting someone formally for the first time, we shake their hand and say "How do you do?" or "Pleased to meet you."

First meetings

"How do you do?" isn't really a question; it just means "Hello". When young people meet informally they sometimes say "Give me five!" and slap their hands together (high five).

Subsequent meetings Formal Possible Greetings Possible responses

Generally we do not shake hands with people we know well.

Hello, Mrs Hand. It's nice to see you again.

What a pleasant surprise! How are you? It's been a while.

Good morning Mrs Hand. How are you today?

I'm very well thank you. And you?

Good afternoon, Mrs Hand. It's good to see you.

Thank you. It's nice to see you too. How are you?

Hello Lynne. How are you doing?

Fine thanks. What's new with you?

Hi, Lynne! How's it going?

Not too bad, busy as ever.

Naturally speaking

You say hello, and I say goodbye! Follow the dialogue. Mr. Bean meets Mrs. Breuer, one of his students, and her husband in the street. Mr. Bean: Mrs. Breuer: Mr. Bean:

Mrs. Breuer:

Mr. Breuer:

Good morning, Mrs. Breuer. Good morning, Mr. Bean. How are you? I'm fine thanks, and you? Not too bad. Mr. Bean, this is my husband Michael, Michael this is Mr. Bean my English teacher. Pleased to meet you.

Mr. Bean:

Pleased to meet you too. Are you from Germany, Mr. Breuer?

Mr. Breuer:

Yes, East Germany, from Dresden. And you are you from London?

Mr. Bean:

No, I'm from Derby, but I live in London now.

Mrs. Breuer:

Mr. Bean:

Well, goodbye Mr. Bean, it was nice to see you. Yes, goodbye.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Hi, Lynne. How are things?

Oh fine. You know how it is.

15

ENGLISH NUMBERS Whole Numbers also known as Cardinal Numbers used for counting

Note - on first meetings say, "It's nice to meet you". For future meetings say, "It's nice to see you again".

Symbol

Word

Pronounce It

0

Nought

0

1

One

1

2

Two

2

Good morning/afternoon. Can I help you?

3

Three

3

Do you have an appointment?

4

Four

4

5

Five

5

6

Six

6

7

Seven

7

8

Eight

8

9

Nine

9

10

Ten

10

11

Eleven

11

12

Twelve

12

13

Thirteen

13

brochure?

14

Fourteen

14

Making small talk:-

15

Fifteen

15

16

Sixteen

16

17

Seventeen

17

18

Eighteen

18

19

Nineteen

19

20

Twenty

20

LOOKING AFTER VISITORS COMMON ENGLISH PHRASES Greeting the visitor:-

I'll let (Mr Smith) know you're here. What name is it, please? Explaining there's a problem:I'm afraid (Mr Smith) is in a meeting.

I'm sorry, but he/she's out of the office at the moment. Offering help / refreshments etc:Would you like to take a seat? Maybe I can help you?

Would you like some tea/coffee whilst you wait? Milk and sugar? Would you like to read through our company

Did you have a good journey? What was the weather like in (London)? Have you been to (Germany) before?

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

21

Twenty-one ...

21

8th

the eighth

8th

30

Thirty

30

9th

the ninth

9th

40

Forty

40

10th

the tenth

10th

50

Fifty

50

11th

the eleventh

11th

60

Sixty

60

12th

the twelfth

12th

70

Seventy

70

13th

the thirteenth

13th

80

Eighty

80

14th

the fourteenth

14th

90

Ninety

90

15th

the fifteenth

15th

100

One hundred

100

16th

the sixteenth

16th

17th

the seventeenth

17th

18th

the eighteenth

18th

19th

the nineteenth

19th

20th

the twentieth

20th

21st

the twenty-first

...

22nd

the twenty-second

...

23rd

the twenty-third

...

It

24th

the twenty-fourth

...

101

102

One hundred and one ... One thousand

101

1,000

1,000,000

One million

1,000,000

1,000,000,000,000

One billion

1,000,000,000,000

Ordinal Numbers - used for ranking Pronounce

In figures

In words

1st

the first

1st

25th

the twenty-fifth

...

2nd

the second

2nd

26th

the twenty-sixth

...

3rd

the third

3rd

27th

the twenty-seventh

...

4th

the fourth

4th

28th

the twenty-eighth

...

5th

the fifth

5th

29th

the twenty-ninth

...

6th

the sixth

6th

30th

the thirtieth

30th

7th

the seventh

7th

40th

the fortieth

40th

50th

the fiftieth

50th

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

16

English Vocabulary

60th

the sixtieth

60th

17

Connecting a caller:I'll put you through now. One moment please.

70th

the seventieth

70th

80th

the eightieth

80th

Explaining there's a problem:I'm sorry, but the line's engaged at the moment. I'm sorry. There's no reply.

90th

the ninetieth

100th

90th

the hundredth

100th

I'm afraid he/she's on the other line at the moment.

the hundred and

101st

...

first

1000th

I'm sorry, but he/she's out of the office at the moment.

Offering help:-

the thousandth

1000th

Would you like to hold? Is there anyone else who could help you? Can I take a message? Maybe I can help you?

Ordinal numbers are often used in fractions:-

Perhaps he/she can call you back?

Fractions Symbol

Word

Offer a return call:-

Pronounce It

Could he/she call you back? Offering to take a message:-

/

1 8

One eighth

/

1 8

Can I take a message for him/her? /

One fifth

/

One quarter

1 5

1 4

Would you like to leave a message? /

1 4

Asking for the caller's name and number:Could I have your name and number, please? Could

/

3 4

Three quarters

/

One third

/

Two thirds

1 3

you give me your name and number, please? /

3 4

Checking the information:/

1 3

Could you spell that, please? Can I just check that again, please?

2 3

Could you repeat that, please? /

1 2

One half

/

1 2

Telephone calls - Common English phrases. Asking for someone:-

TELEPHONE CALLS - COMMON ENGLISH

Good morning/afternoon. Could I speak to (Mr.

PHRASES.

Smith), please? Could I have extension (219), please?

Answering the phone:-

Giving a message:-

Good morning/afternoon XYZ Ltd. How can I help

Could you tell (him/her) that (her tickets are ready).

you?

Could you tell (him/her) that I called? Could you give (him/her) my number, please? Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Giving your name and number:-

My name is (David Bean) and I'm on (0117 294658).

18

In summer the days are long and the weather's usually warm and sometimes even hot. We usually go on holiday in the summer.

It's (David Bean) and the number is (0117 294658). Autumn

THE SEASONS

September

October

November

Spring March

April

May In autumn the days get shorter, it gets colder and the leaves fall from the trees. We celebrate Halloween in autumn.

Summer June

July

August Winter

Autumn September

October

November In winter the days are short and it is generally cold and often wet, sometimes it snows. We celebrate Christmas in the winter.

Winter December

January

. February Spring

Each season has distinctive weather and cultural significance:-

There is no real adjective, but you could say "spring like". For example:-

Spring The weather is very spring like.

Summer In spring the days grow longer, the weather is warmer but it often rains and can get very windy. We celebrate Easter in the spring.

The adjective is summery. For example:I like summery weather.

Summer

Autumn

The adjective is autumnal.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

19

Time (2)

For example:-

Twelve

There is an autumnal feeling in the air.

fifteen Twelve

Winter

or

o'clock

The adjective is wintry.

Quarter past

For example:-

twelve

The forecast said there would be wintry showers tomorrow.

Twelve

Twelve

thirty

fortyfive

TIME

or or Twelve o'clock

One o'clock

Half Six o'clock

Seven o'clock

past

Quarter

twelve

to one

PREPOSITIONS USED WITH TIME At a

In a length

point

of time

in time Two o'clock

Eight o'clock

"When

"It's 12.45,

shall

when will

we Three

Nine

o'clock

o'clock

Let's meet at 12.30."

meet?

you be ready?

"I'll see you in an hour, at about 1.45."

THE WEATHER Using verbs to describe the weather Four o'clock

Ten o'clock

The sun is shining

Five o'clock

Eleven o'clock

It's drizzling

The

It's raining

wind is

(The rain is

blowing

falling.) It's

It's

pouring

hailing

(The rain is pouring

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

down.)

20

windy day.

It's snowing

It's

(The

thundering

snow is falling.)

Using adjectives to describe the weather Sweltering

Freezing

= It's

= It's

sweltering.

freezing.

or It's a

or It's a

sweltering

freezing

day.

day.

Warm = It's warn. or It's a warm day.

Showery =

Rainy =

It's showery.

It's rainy. or

or It's a

It's a

showery

rainy

day.

day. Snowy =

Frosty = It's frosty. or It's a frosty day.

Cold =

It's snowy. or It's a snowy day. Drizzly

It's cold. or It's a

Icy = It's icy. or It's

cold

an icy day.

day.

= It's drizzly. or It's a drizzly day.

Sunny = It's sunny. or It's a sunny day.

Cloudy = It's cloudy. or It's a cloudy day.

. Dry = It's dry. or It's a dry day.

Wet = It's wet. or It's a wet day.

Stormy Clear = It's

= It's

clear. or

stormy.

It's a clear

or It's a

day.

stormy

Other things associated with the weather

sunshine

lightning

puddles

raindrops

hailstones

snowflakes

day. Foggy = Misty = It's

It's

misty. or

foggy.

It's a misty

or It's a

day.

foggy day.

Breezy =

Windy =

It's breezy. or It's a

It's

breezy day

or It's a

windy.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

The frost

weather forecast

Fog / Mist

A wisp of mist / fog.

Hail

A hailstone

Rain flood

drought

tidal

tornado /

wave

twister

21

A drop of rain / A raindrop

Snow

A snowflake

Sunshine

A ray of sunshine

Wind

A gust of wind

BUILDINGS VOCABULARY Atlantic / Eastern Pacific = a

Useful Vocabulary

hurricane Northwest Pacific = a typhoon

Places Where We Live

Rest of the world = a cyclone

Describing the weather generally wet,

hot,

semi-

miserable,

scorching

damp

cottage(s)

detached house(s)

detache d

bungalow(s)

block of flats

house(s)

warm, mild, fine,

dull, grey

dry

cool,

cold,

refreshing

chilly

terraced house(s)

high-rise flat(s)

!Note - no matter what kind of building you live in, it's your home.

What to say How to ask about the weather.

Places Where We Work

What's the weather like? What's the weather doing? Is it raining where you are? office(s) A lot of nouns about the weather are uncountable, so we have to create or add a counting word:-

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

factory (factories)

skyscraper(s)

English Vocabulary

Miscellaneous Places

22

Railway Station

Restaurant

tower(s)

mill(s)

windmill(s)

castle(s) School

Build Up Synagogue Airport Theatre Art Gallery

Bank

Bus Station

Church

Cinema

Naturally Speaking Talking to a builder / developer. Can you provide

(Here references are comments

references and

on the abilities and character of

examples of your

a candidate organization for a

Garage

previous work?

position or job.)

Hospital

Are you able to

Fire Station

provide a bank reference? Hotel

(Here a bank reference is a statement regarding the financial standing of an individual or organization.)

Will you provide a Mosque

Museum

Police Station

list of all the

(Here a sample is an amount of

materials you'll use

something that shows you what

and provide

the rest is or should be like.)

samples? (A subcontractor is a person or Do you use sub contractors?

organization that performs work for the main contractor, but is not on their payroll and

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

does not receive company

23

Steve: Well, I was speaking with Mr Brown last week. He told me they were a young couple with two

benefits.)

daughters. They liked the house because it is What warranty do you offer, and what is the time period of this warranty?

(A warranty is a written

near a good school.

guarantee of the integrity of a product and of the maker's responsibility for the repair or replacement of defective parts. (Here snagging means to write a list of defects at the end of a build process/phase/stage (a

We will be using a

"Snag List" or "Snagging List").

snagging company.

A snagging company goes

Is this ok?

through a house to find faults and ensures the developer puts

Joan: Two daughters! That will please John. Steve: Ha! Maybe we'd better pop next door and say hello. Joan: Yes, and maybe we'd better start thinking of selling too. I'd like a detached house in Surbiton as well! Steve: Hmm.

them right within a reasonable

VERBS AND PHRASAL VERBS ABOUT

time.)

BUILDINGS

DIALOGUE Here is a conversation between Mrs Smith (Joan) and her husband Steve.

Many verbs have different meanings; however this section deals with verbs and phrasal verbs connected with buildings. An example is provided only where the verb is commonly used in everyday conversation.

It's Saturday morning and something is happening next door.

One irregular verb in bold is shown in all its forms.

Joan: Steve, what's all that noise outside? Steve: Just a minute, I'll have a look. ....... Oh! It looks as if the new next door neighbours are moving in.

The Verb (infinitive form)

Meaning

To construct

Joan: Oh, it's a bit early, isn't it? Ah well I guess we'd better get up.

The

To build

for a dwelling.

An example ( Simple Past Tense)

He built his own house

Regular /Irregular

Irregular

Steve: It's amazing how quickly the houses are selling round here, the Browns only put it on the market a month ago.

To pile up, To construct arrange or build

Joan: Where did they move to? Steve: I think he told me they were buying a detached house in Surbiton.

To pull or To demolish tear down a structure.

Joan: Sounds nice. I hope the new neighbours are

They constructed the new offices

Regular

in record time. They demolished the old slums

Regular

in 1951.

nice. To extend

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

To increase

As the family

in size or

grew they

Regular

English Vocabulary

24

Women's Clothes

area. To add extended the to an existing house. building. To change

To be nearer

ones place of his job he

To move

dwelling or

moved to

business.

London.

Regular

dress(es)

blouse(s)

skirt(s)

PHRASAL VERBS An

The Phrasal

The Meaning

Verb

something as an integral part of something else.

To add a new build on

part to an existing structure

build up

S=Separable

( Simple

I=Inseparable

coat(s)

jacket(s)

t-shirt(s)

trouser(s)

jean(s)

short(s)

cardigan(s)

sweatshirt(s)

Past Tense) To incorporate

build in

example

To construct or erect gradually, little by little

They built new safety S features in.

They built a double garage on

S

jumper(s)

to improve

pullover(s)

their house. They built the business up

S glove(s)

bit by bit. They tore

mitten(s)

Baby Clothes

the village tear

To destroy or

down

down

take apart.

before the

S

dam was built.

romper suit(s)

CLOTHES VOCABULARY

nappy (nappies)

Nightwear

Men's Clothes

nightdress(es) suit(s)

shirt(s)

tie(s)

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

pajama(s)

dressing gown(s)

English Vocabulary

Footwear

Jewellery

shoe(s)

bracelet(s)

sandal(s)

necklace(s)

boot(s) ring(s)

earring(s)

Parts of clothes wellington(s)

slipper(s)

sock(s)

ACCESSORIES

belt(s)

handbag(s)

headscarf (headscarves)

scarf (scarves)

glasses

sunglasses watch(es)

glove(s)

hat(s)

hanger(s)

NATURALLY SPEAKING Does it fit? It's too big.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

It's too small.

25

English Vocabulary

It's too loose.

It's too tight.

It's too long.

It's too short.

26

EATING AT HOME VOCABULARY Useful Vocabulary

Dialogue knife

It's Saturday and Mrs Smith has gone shopping with her friend Lucy for a new dress in the sales:Mrs Smith:

(knives)

fork(s)

spoon(s) teaspoon(s)

Well Lucy, what do you think? Mmm, it's nice, but I think you

Lucy:

need a slightly bigger size. The top

plate(s)

bowl(s)

cup(s)

saucer(s)

is gaping.

Mrs Smith:

I think this is the only one. I'd better ask an assistant. Excuse me? Do you have this in a size 14?

Shop assistant:

I'm afraid everything in the sale is out on display.

glass(es) tablecloth(s)

placemat(s serviette )

(s)

Mrs Smith:

Oh dear, it's just a bit too tight.

MEALTIMES

Shop assistant:

I think we have a size 14 in red.

Mrs Smith:

Oh no. Red's just not my colour.

Early Morning (am) - Breakfast Mid Morning (11.00 am) - Brunch - a mixture of breakfast and lunch (US) / Elevenses - a light snack (UK) Noon (12.00 ish) - Lunch Evening (pm) - Dinner / Tea / High Tea (very old fashioned) Night (pm) - Supper

It's not bright red, it's a nice dark Shop assistant:

red. Here it is. Why don't you try it on? There's a changing room free over there.

The differences between tea the drink, tea the meal etc. Later... NATURALLY SPEAKING Mrs Smith:

Lucy:

It fits like a glove. What do you think Lucy?

Sometimes there are things you like or don't like or even things you don't eat.

It looks really nice. I guess red suits you after all.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Things you do eat / like. I like fruit.

Things you don't eat / like.

~

approximately / about / more or less

@

At

°

I don't like fruit.

I love spinach.

I hate spinach.

I'm a vegetarian; I only

I'm a vegetarian; I don't eat

eat fruit and vegetables.

meat or fish.

I have allergies, but I can eat fruit.

I have allergies, so I can't eat anything containing nuts.

I eat fish on Friday, for

I don't eat pork, for

religious reasons.

religious reasons.

DIALOGUE Here we have two conversations between Mrs Smith and her younger son John:-

Degree

$

Dollar

=

equals/is the same as

€

Euro

>

greater / better / more than

∞

infinity

<

less / smaller than

-

minus

#

number

¶

paragraph

%

per cent

+

plus, in addition to

£

Pound

§

section

\

therefore

¥

Yen

24/7

24 hours a day, 7 days a week

404

I don't know

addr.

address

It's 7am and John is still in bed. John's mother must

approx.

approximately

leave for work.

asap

as soon as possible

b/c

because

BTW

by the way

cd.

could

CEO

chief executive officer

Well come down stairs and have your

Ch.

chapter

breakfast.

c/o

care of

corp.

corporation

CRM

customer relationship management

ct.

contrast

ctrl.

control

CV

curriclum vitae

dept.

department

devt.

development

diff.

difference

diy

do it yourself

edn.

edition

educ.

education

e.g.

exempli gratia (for example)

encl.

enclosed

EOB

end of business

ENGLISH ABBREVATIONS AND

EOM

end of message

ACROYNMS

esp.

especially

ETA

estimated time of arrival

Mrs S:

Get up John or you'll be late for school!

John:

I'm getting up mum.

Mrs S:

John:

Can I have cereal and toast?

Mrs S:

Yes if you hurry, I have to leave for work.

John:

Morning mum. Fetch a chair and sit at the table, there's a

Mrs S:

bowl of cereal, a plate of toast and a cup of tea. You'll have to get your own cutlery. I've got to go now, I'll see you tonight, bye.

John:

&

Bye mum.

And Confidence, Fluency & Personality

27

English Vocabulary

etc.

etcetera (and so forth)

w/

with

FAQ(s)

frequently asked question(s)

w/o

without

fifo

first in first out

wt.

weight

filo

first in last out

wysiwy

fwd

forwarded

g

What You See Is What You Get

FYA

for your attention

BA

Bachelor of Arts

FYI

for your information

BEd

Bachelor of Education

gigo

garbage in garbage out

BSc

Bachelor of Science

GMT

Greenwich Mean Time

MA

Master of Arts

Govt.

Government

MBA

Master of Business Administration

HQ

headquarters

MSc

Master of Science

hr.

hour

HR

Human Resources

PhD

Philosophy)

ht.

height

404

I don't know

i.e.

id est (that is, that means)

A3

Anytime, Anyplace, Anywhere

impt.

important

B4

Before

info.

information

B/F

Boyfriend

ISBN

international standard book number

BTW

By The Way

ltd

limited

FYI

For Your Information

max.

maximum

G/F

Girlfriend

MD

managing director

GA

Go Ahead

min.

minimum

IC

I See

movt.

movement

ICWUM

I See What You Mean

MPH

miles per hour

IM

Instant Message

no(s)

number(s)

IMO

In My Opinion

p.

page

IOW

In Other Words

para.

paragraph

KISS

Keep it Short and Simple

PLC

public limited company

L8R

Later

pls.

please

LOL

Laughing Out Loud / Lots of Love

ppl.

people

LTNS

Long Time No See

PR

public relations

MOF

Male or Female

prob.

problem

X!

Typical Woman

PTO

please turn over

Y!

Typical Man

qtr.

quarter

ZZZZ

Sleeping / Bored

R&D

research and development

rep.

representative

RSVP

respondez s'il vous plait (please reply)

SME

small and medium (size) enterprises

Fruits (Phal)

SWOT

strengths weaknesses opportunities threats

Apple

Seb

TBA

to be announced

Apricot

Jardaloo, Khumani

temp.

temperature / temporary

Avocado

Makhanphal

USP

unique selling point

Banana

Kela

vgc

very good condition

Cantaloupe

Kharbooja

VP

vice president

vs

against

Cranberry

'Natal Plum'

wd

would

Fig

Anjir

Philosophiae Doctor (Doctor of

COMMON NAMES DAILY HOUSEHOLD

Karonda. In reality, Karonda is

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

28

English Vocabulary

Gooseberry

Eddo

Cape

Rasbhari

Cluster beans

Guar-phali

Grapes

Angoor

Corn Kernel

Makki

Grapefruit

Chakutra

Corn on the cob

Bhutta

Guavas

Amrood

Cowpea

Lobhia

Jackfruit

Kathal

Cucumber

Kheera

Java Plum

Jamoon

Cucumber

Nimboo, Lemon does not exist but

English Skinny

Kakri

Lime

same as Nimboo

Eggplant

Baingen

Loquat

Lokat

Gourd - Ash

Petha

Lychee

Leechee

Gourd - Bitter

Karela

Mango

Aam

Gourd - Bottle

Ghiya. Lauki

Mulberry

Shehtoot

Gourd - Ridged

Torai

Natal Plum

Karonda

Gourd - Snake

Chichinda

Olives

Zetoon

Jackfruit

Kathal

Orange

Santra

Kohl Rabi

Ganth Gobhi

Orange - Navel

Mosambi

Lotus stem

Bhein, Kamal Kakri

Papaya

Papeeta

Mushrooms

Khumbi

Peach

Aadoo

Mustard Greens

Sarson Patta

Pear

Nashpati

Natal Plum

Karonda

Pineapple

Anna-naas

Okra

Bhindi

Plum

Aloo-bukhaara

Onion

Piyaaz

Pomegranate

Anar

Peas Green

Mattar

Sapodilla Plum,

Peppermint

Sapota

Chickoo

Leaves Fresh

Hara Podina

Star fruit

Kamrakh

Potato

Aloo

Sugar cane

Ganna

Sweet Lime

Musambi

Pumpkin

to butternut squash

Watermelon

Tarbooj

Radish

Mooli

Red Sorrel

Chukka Leaves

Scallion

Hari Piyaz

Spinach

Paalak

Sweet Potato

Shakar-kandi

Tomato

Tamatar

Turnip

Shalgam

Vegetables (Subzi) Aloe Vera

Gawar Patha

Beans Cluster fresh

29

Gowar ki phali

Beans French

Kaddu. In Reality Kaddu is closer

fresh

Pharas Beans

Water Chestnuts

Aubergine

Baingan

Indian

Beet root

Chukandar

Singhaara Spices and Herbs (Masala)

Bell Pepper, Capsicum

Simla Mirch

English Name

Celery

Ajmud

Alkanet Root

Ratan Jot

Cabbage

Bandh-Gobi

Alum

Fitkari, Phitkari

Carrot

Gaajar

Anise Seed

Choti Saunf, Suwa, Shopa

Cauliflower

Phool-Gobi

Arrowroot

Paniphal, Tikora

Cilantro

Hara Dhania

Asafoetida

Hing

Colocasia, Taro,

Arbi, Arvi

Basil Holy

Tulsi

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

Hindi Name

English Vocabulary

Bay Leaf Indian

Tej Patta

Sugar cane, Palm

Shahi Jeera, Himali Jeera, Kala Black Cumin

Javitri Amchoor, Amchur .... Dried Tart

Rai

Black Mustard seeds Cracked

Mace

Jeera

Black Mustard Seeds

Mango powder

Green Mango Powder

Mustard Seeds

Sarson, Rai

Mustard Seeds Rai Kuria

Black

cracked

Rai Kuria

Mustard Oil

Sarson Tel

Peppercorn

Kali Mirch

Nigella

Kalonji

Black Rock salt

Sanchal, Kala Namak

Nutmeg

Jaifal

Onion

Piyaz

Cardamom Black

Bari Elaichi

Paprika

Cardamom

(Kashmiri

Green

Choti Elaichi

Paprika)

Carom Seed

Ajwain

Peppermint

Cassia

Jangli Dalchini

fresh

Cayenne Pepper

Lal Mirch

Pomegranate

Celery seeds

Ajmud

seeds

Anar-daana

Cilantro

Hara Dhania Patta

Poppy Seeds

Khuskhus

Citric Acid

Nimboo Phool, Saji na Phool

Red Chili

Lal Mirch

Cinnamon

Dalchini

Rose

Gulab

Cloves

Laung, Lavang

Rose water

Gulab jal

Coriander seeds

Dhania

Sage

Kamarkas

Cumin seeds

Jeera

Saffron

Kesar, Zaafraan

Curry Leaf

Meetha Neem Patta, Kari Patta

Salt

Namak

Dill

Soa

Salt Sea

Saindha Namak

Fennel

Moti Saunf, Saunf

Salt Sanchal

Fenugreek

Degi Mirch Podina

Black

Kala Namak Hara Piyaz

Leaves dried

Kasoori Methi

Scallion

Fenugreek seeds

Methi Daane

Screwpine

Garcinia indica

Kokum

essence

Kewra

Garlic Fresh

Lassun

Sesame

Til

Silver edible leaf

Chandi Varak

Star Anis

Chakraphool

Sugar

Chini

Ginger Fresh rhizome

30

Adrak

Ginger Dried rhizome

Saunth

Sumac

Sumaq

Gold leaf edible

Sona Varak

Tamarind

Imli

Gum Katira Sap

Gond Katira

Turmeric

Haldi

Green Chili

Hari Mirch, I use Serrano

Turmeric - Fresh

Honey

Shahad

rhizome

Illaichi

Chhoti elaichi

Kachi Haldi Ajwain ke phool for substitution

Licorice

Mulathi, Jethi-madh

Thyme

Lime Pickling

Paan-Choona

Vinegar

Sirka

Long Pepper

Pippali

White Pepper

Safed Mirch

Lotus seed pops

Makhna

Yeast Live sour

Jaggery

Gur, Raw sugar cake Sources:

dough

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

purposes only

Khameer

English Vocabulary

Samunder Jhag, Cuttle Stone soft

31

Atta. Durum wheat whole-meal

Yeast

rock, Toddy

Flour - Bread

whole-grain flour

Essence (generic)

Khusboo, Attar, Ruh, Ittar

Flour - Chickpea

Besan

Rose Essence

Gulab-Jal

Flour - Pastry,

Maida. Super refined soft wheat

All purpose

flour

Screwpine Essence

Kewra

Maize

Makki

Vetiver Essence

Khas

Millet - Barnyard

Jhungori

Millet - Finger

Ragi

Millet - Foxtail

Kheri

Dried Fruits Apricot dried

Khubani

Millet - Great,

Dates

Khajoor

Sorghum

Jowar

Dates Dry skin

Chhohara

Millet - Little

Kodo

Fig

Anjeer

Millet - Pearl,

Gooseberry

Spiked

Bajara

Indian (Emblica)

Amla

Oats

Vilaiti Jaun

Prunes

Manukka

Rice

Chawal

Raisins

Kishmish

Rice flattened

Raisins seedless yellow

Sultana

Nuts and Seeds

flakes

Chewara, Poha

Rice puffed

Murmura

Semolina

Sooji, Rava Jowar

Almonds

Badaam

Sorghum

Cantaloupe seed

Kharbooza ke beej

Tapioca

Cashews

Kajoo

(Cassava)

Saboo-daana

Coconut

Naarial Khopra

Vermicelli

Seviyan

Flaxseeds

Alsi

Wheat

Gehoon

Wheat flour

Gehoon Atta

Gorgon Nut Puffed Kernel

Makhana

Legume Beans

Peanuts

Mungphali

Alubia

Pine Nuts

Chilgoza

Black Matpe

Pistachio Nuts

Pista

(Black beans)

Urad

Pistachio Soft

Chironghi

Chickpea

Chana, Desi Chana, Kabuli Chana

Pumpkin seeds

Kaddu Beej

Fava

Vaal, Sem

Safflower

Kusam Kusumbo

Field pea split

Matar Dal

Sesame Seed

Til

Garbanzo Beans

Kabuli Chana

Sunflower

Sooraj-mukhi

Mung Beans

Moong

Safed Rajma

Red Kidney

Watermelon seed

Tarbooj ke beej

Bean

Rajma

Walnuts

Akhroat/ Akhrot

Lentil

Masoor

Pigeon peas

Arhar, Toor

Soya bean

Bhatma

Whole beans

Sabut

Split beans

Dal

Grains Lentils Flours Barley

Jaun

Buckwheat

Kuttu

Cracked Wheat

Dalia

Cream of Wheat

Sooji

Farina

Sooji

Flour

Atta

Split skinless black chickpeas

Chana Dal

Decorticated Skinless beans Confidence, Fluency & Personality

Dhuli

English Vocabulary

Meats

Cat Fish

Sangtam

Clams

Teesrya Gobro

Beef

Gai ka Gosht

Cod Rock

Cow

Gai

Crabs

Kekda, Kurlya

Goat

Bakra ka Gosht

Fish generic

Machli

Meat generic

Gosht

Herring

Bhing

Pork

Sooer ka Gosht

King Fish

Surmai, Visonu

Rabbit

Khargosh

Lady Fish

Kane, Nogli

Venison

Hiran ka Gosht

Mackerel

Bangda

Mullet

Boi, Parshey, Andawari, Shevto

Fowl

32

Chicken

Murghi

Mussels

Teesari

Squab

Chooza

Pearl Spot

Karimeen

Duck

Battakh

Perch Climbing

Koi Machli

Egg

Anda

Pomfret

Paplet

Goose

Bada-Battakh

Pomfret,silver

Chandava

Guinea fowl

Bada-Teetar

Prawn

Jhinga, Chingri, Chemen, Sungat

Partridge

Teeter

Red Snapper

Rane

Pigeon

Kabutar

Roe

Machli Anda

Quail grey

Battar

Salmon Indian

Raavas

Sardines

Pedvey

Parts Organs Bone

Haddi

Sawfish

Kandere

Brains

Bheja, Magaz

Shark

Zori

Feet (Trotters)

Paya

Shad Indian

Llish Hilsa

Head

Sir, Matha

Silver belley

Surgutta

Heart

Dil

Snake head

Murrai

Intestines

Vajri

Sole

Repti, Morrul

Kidney

Gurda

Sorrel Red

Chukka Sag

Leg

Raan

Squid

Samudra-pheni (or feni)

Liver

Kaleja

Tuna

Chura

Lung

Phaypara

Turbot - Indian

Kuppa machli

Marrow

Guda

Turtle

Kachhua

White bait

Katai

Minced ?ground Meat

Keema

Stomach

Ojhari, But

Stomach Skin

Bhuri

Spleen

Tilli

Aroma

Khush-boo, Sugandh

Testicles

Kapura

Bad

Kharaab

Tongue

Zabaan, Jeeb

Burnt

Jalaa

Udder

Khiri

Bland

Feeka

Cold

Thunda

Fish Seafood

Fresh

Taaza

Bombil,Bumallo.

Good

Bhariya ... "Achha is just okay"

Gravy

Tari, Rasa, Salan, Shorba

Bombay Duck Butter Fish

Taste Expressions

Indian

Pabda, Puptai

Hot

Garam

Carp varieties

Rohu, Rui

Mash

Bharta

Raw

Kuchaa

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Reeks

Bad-boo

Tarazoo

Weigh Scale

Ripe

Pukka

Tawa

Iron griddle to make bread

Rotten

Galaa

Salty

Namkeen

Savory

Chat-pata

Sharp

Teekha

Sour

Khatta

Stale

Baasi

Chenna

cheese

Sweet

Meetha

Dahi

Homemade Yogurt

Tasty

Swaad

Doodh

Milk

Ghee

Rendered butter

Cooking Tools

Khoya

Reduced whole milk

Hindi Name

English/Explanation

Kheer

Rice Pudding

Atta Chhalni

Flour sifter

Lassi

Churned homemade Yogurt

Belan

Rolling pin

Makhan

Butter

Bhigona

Cooking pot with a lid

Malai

Cream

Chakla

Stone rolling board

Chakku

Knife

Paneer

cheese

Chalini

Sieve

Raita

Cold Yogurt Soup

33

Common Dairy Products Churned homemade Yogurt with Chach, Mattha

butter removed Cheese similar to small curd

Cheese similar to farmer's pot

Large Spoon (Approximately Chamcha

Tablespoon)

Common Breads

Small Spoon (Approximately half

Bread looking like bun cooked

Chamchi

teaspoon)

Baati

over ambers in Rajasthan

Chimta

Tongs

Bhature

Deep fried Maida flat bread

Choolah

U-shaped traditional stove

Basic whole wheat un-leavened

Brass or Copper cooking pot,

Chapati

flat bread, aka Roti

Degchi

narrow neck, round bottom

Kulcha

Baked Maida flat bread

Donga

Large mixing or serving bowl

Ghara

Leavened flat bread baked in clay

Large earthen pot to store food or

Naan

oven.

water

Paratha

Griddle Fried flat bread

Earthen cooking pot, narrow neck,

Light weight version of Basic

Handi

round bottom

Phulka

whole wheat bread (Roti)

Hamam Dasta

Mortar & Pestle.

Poori

Deep fried flat puffed bread

Imrit Baan

Pickling Crock made of Porcelain

Poori Loach

Deep fried Maida flat puffed bread

Kaddu Kas

Grater

Roomali

Very Very thin bread

Kalchhi

Spoon Ladle

Karahi

Traditional Indian Wok.

Roti

flat bread, aka Chapati

Katori

Small curry bowl

Roti Missy

Multi grain basic flat bread

Palta

Turner

Roti Makki

Corn (Maze) basic flat bread

Sancha

Mould

Seekh

Skewer

Sil Batta

Basic whole wheat un-leavened

Beverages

Flat black stone and a Triangular

Chai

Hot tea

Stone to crush spices with

Daroo

Country Liquor

Long neck earthen pot used to

Kanji

Fermented Carrot beverage

Paani

Water

Surahi

store water

Tandoor

Drum shaped clay oven Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Sharab

Alcohol

Pakora

Deep fried fritter

Shikanjami

Limeade

Papadom

Papad Thin wafer cracker

Sweet Beverage made with Thandaii Toddy

Mild aromatic vegetable or meat

combination of seeds and nuts

Pasanda

curry made with yogurt

Natural sap wine collected from

Phitkari

Alum

Palm trees.

Pickle

Achar

Desserts Burfee

34

Pulao Rice cooked with Diamond shaped cake from

Pilaf, Pulao

Vegetables Meat spices

reduced milk or Garbanzo flour.

Rind or Peel

Chilka

Form of brittle, commonly made Chikki

with peanuts or cashews

Firni

Rice flour pudding

Bright red color meat curry from Rogan Josh

Kashmir Conical shaped deep fried stuffed

Form of Fudge, commonly made

Samosa

pastry

Gajak

with sesame seeds

Sugar Syrup

Chaasni

Halva-Carrot

Carrot cake

Tari

Broth like curry

Halva-Sooji

Cream of wheat cake

Kheer Rasgulla

Whole- muscle or chunk food

Rice Pudding

Tikka

roasted or baked

Cheese balls in syrup

Tikki

Minced food Patty

Vegetarian

Shakahari A spicy hot Portuguese style (Goa)

Vindaloo

Miscellaneous

curry

Achaar

Pickle

Bhagar, Tarka

Tempering Dal

Bharta

Mashed food

Black

Kaala

Bharwa

Stuffed

Blue

Neela

Bhajji

Batter laced minced food Pattie

Brown

Saanvla, Khaki

Bhujia

Damp Dry Curry

Crimson

Lohit (Bloody), Gehra Lal Rung

Bhurji

Damp Dry Curry

Deeper shade

Gehra Rung

Bhuna

Pan fried or Pan roasted

Green

Hara

Dal

Legume soup

Grey

Bhoora Rung

Dhansak

Parsi curry with legumes

Indigo

Gehra Neela Rung

Colors

Damp curry containing half or

Lighter shade

Halka Rung

Do Piyaz

more onions

Maroon

Anaabi Rung

Dosa

South Indian Rice/Bean crepe

Orange

Naarangi

Idli

South Indian Rice/Bean dumpling

Pink

Gulabi

Guda

Pulp

Purple

Jamni

Kebab

Whole food roasted

Red

Lal

Kofta

Meatball shaped minced food dish

Saffron

Kesari

Mild aromatic curry made with

Violet

Baingani Rung

Korma (Qorma)

yogurt and nuts

Yellow

Peela

Khameer

Yeast

White

Safed

Khasta

Flaky or crumbly

Kheer

Rice Pudding

Khichree

Rice and Beans cooked together

Makhni

Buttery Curry

Non-vegetarian

Maasahari

COMMON PROFESSIONS

A Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Accountancy: Profession to write, keep or inspect

Archaeology: Study of ancient history and

financial accounts. Such as income and expenditure.

civilizations by scientific analysis of physical ruins

35

found in the ground. Actuarial Science: Study of calculations of insurance risk and premiums by studying rates of mortality and

Architecture: The art and science of conceptualizing,

frequency of acts of nature. Calamities, accidents, fires,

designing and constructing buildings.

theft etc. Art Director is an individual employed in the print Administrator: A person who looks after or manages

media or advertising who handles the designing of all

the day-to-day affairs of any body, organization or

forms of art on printed matter.

government. Artist: Person who practices any of the fine arts, Admiral: A post in the Navy. Chief Commander of the

especially painting, Acting, designing, sculpting, or

navy.

even acting etc.

Advertising: Business that deals with, the publicizing

Astrology: Study of the position of the planets, the

of. Making known of and making propaganda of

asterisms stars and their movements and their co?

goods/ services to encourage people to buy or use

Relation with human affairs.

them, increasing sales/volumes. Astronomy: Scientific study of the solar system and Advocate: A lawyer who presents a client's case in a

beyond. The sun, moon, stars, planets etc.

court of law argues the case and otherwise deals with Astrophysics: Science and study of the chemical and

it.

physical structure and function of heavenly bodies like Aerobics Instructor: Person who instructs people in

planets etc.

energetic and rhythmic physical exercise that promotes physical fitness by increasing the body's

Auctioneer: Person who conducts auctions, by calling

oxygen intake.

buyers and sells goods in public at the auction.

Agriculture: The art. Science or practice of cultivating

Author: Writer and creator of books, plays and stories.

the land and growing crops. Fruits, vegetables etc on Aviation: The art Science or practice of flying an

it.

aircraft. Agronomy: Science of study and controlling of tile soil to produce crops, fruits. Vegetables etc.

Avionics: Science of electronics in its application to aviation.

Airhostess: A female in a passenger aircraft who serves food/beverages to passengers and helps them with a smiling face. Anatomist: Anatomy is the systematic study of the structure of animal and human bodies. A person who studies anatomy is called as anatomist.

B Bacteriologist: Person engaged in the scientific study of bacteria for medical and other purposes. Baker: The person who bakes and sells baked items

Anchor: Person who compeers and co-ordinates tile discussion of a group, especially that of participants, in a radio or TV broadcast or a stage show.

like bread, biscuit, cakes and other bakery items. Banker: Owner, director, manager or important functionary of a bank.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

36

Biochemist: Specialist in the chemistry & chemical

Censor: Person or body authorized to examine books,

functions and processes of living organism.

films, plays, letters & other such material and remove parts considered indecent, offensive, and politically

Biologist: Person engaged in the scientific study of the

unacceptable or a threat to the security of the country

life and structure of plants and animals.

or people.

Biotechnology: Branch of technology dealing with

Chauffeur: Person employed to drive a car, bus, van

forms of industrial or other production that use micro-

etc.

organisms and their biological process. Chartered Accountant: Now days, Chartered Blacksmith: Person specializing in the making and

Accountancy became a popular career field from last

repair of products of iron like ploughs instruments etc.

decades. A chartered accountant (CA) is basically a person who deals with money that makes him

Bodyguard: Person who physically protects another

indispensable for any organization.

person. Choreographer: An expert in the art of designing and Book Critic: Person who evaluates and describes the

arranging steps for a dance or ballet.

content and quality of a book or literature. Computer Programmer: A person who constructs and

C

feeds detailed instructions to the computer to solve any given problem or to make a given theme.

Call Centre Operator: A person engaged in the work of collecting & communicating information sought by his clients.

Company Secretary: The career of company secretary is one who is accountable for efficient management of the corporate sector.

Cameraman: A professional who operates the camera for photography, filmmaking, television production or other purposes.

Conductor: Person who directs the performance of an orchestra or any performance. One who collects fares on a bus?

Caretaker: Person employed to look after a house, building/farmhouse, hostel or any other enterprise. Carpenter: Person skilled in the art of making wooden objects and furniture.

Consultant: Person who gives expert advice in any field. Contractor: Person who does jobs under contract for a specified amount like constructing building, roads or

Cartographer: Person who is skilled in the art of drawing maps and charts.

any other wok. Copywriter: Person who makes copies and writes

Cartoonist: Artist who draws a humorous drawing called cartoons for newspapers or other visual mediums.

advertising or publicity copy. Correspondent: The person who collects and contributes news or reports regularly to a newspaper,

Cashier: Person who receives and pays money in the form of cash or cheques in banks, shops, hotels or offices.

radio station or TV Channel. Cosmetician/Cosmetologist: An expert of cosmetics; one who sells cosmetics and advises on their use.

Caterer: The person who commercially provides food and beverages for large social gatherings. Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

37

Cosmologist: Person specializing in the scientific

Dealership: Dealer is a person who purchases and

study of the universe, it's structure, its origin and

sells the goods or services of a company, firm, or

development.

individual.

Costume Designer: The person, who makes, deals in

Dietician: An expert in food diet and nutrition, eating

or hires out costumes and clothes and other material

habits, their values and their physiology.

for wearing for theatrical performance, cinema or TV. Director: Person who manages a company, body or Cost Accountancy: Cost accounting is primarily a

institution, especially as a member of the board. Also

product of the twentieth century. Scientific

one who directs a film or drama or any performance.

management has today recognized cost and management accountancy as one of the most essential

DJ (Disc Jockey): A person who handles the

management services.

announcements for radio, TV, stage shows etc. particularly in modern context.

Coast Guard: The Coast Guard was formed within the Indian Navy on 1 February 1977 to respond to

Doctor: A practitioner trained in medical science and

smuggling and poaching by foreign vessels, as well as

qualified to diagnose diseases and treat patients.

to contribute to marine pollution control. Draftsman: Person responsible for the exact wording Court Reporter: Person who reports and keeps record

of legal document or drawing of parliamentary bill

of proceeding of the court or in court cases.

and the like.

Crew: The group of people working on a ship, aircraft,

Driver: Person who drives a vehicle a car, bus, van,

oilrigs, film unit etc.

train etc

Cryptographer: An expert person who uses a secret or

E

code language to protect confidential information, documents and computer software from thieves, hackers, copycats and pirates

Earth Science: Any of the sciences such as geology, mining, or dealing with the earth.

D

Ecologist: Expert in scientific study of the relation of plants and living creatures in relation to each other

Deep-sea Diver: The person who specialized in

and their surroundings.

techniques of diving into deeper parts of the sea or ocean for search operations, research or any other

Economist: Expert in science or principles of the

purposes.

production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.

Dentist: The person qualified to treat malformations and injuries to teeth, gums, oral bones etc.

Editor: Person who handles the editing of a Newspaper, magazine, book, periodical or journal.

Designer: A person specializing in conceptualizing and designing (machinery, homes, furniture,

Electrician: Person trained to install, operate or repair

fashionable clothes, Jewellery).

electrical equipment, lines and connections etc.

Detective: A person, especially a police officer, whose

Engineer: Person, who conceptualizes, designs, builds,

job is to investigate and solve crimes and find the real

maintains engines, machines, bridges, railways, mines,

facts.

structures etc.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Entrepreneur: Person who sets up or organizes a commercial enterprise, especially one involving financial risks.

38

G Gardener: The person who works in a garden of

Environmental Scientist: Person who is concerned

flower or fruit trees either for remuneration or as a

about the improvement or protection the environment

hobby.

through scientific means.

Gastronomist: A person specialized in the art of

Event Manager: The person who organizes, arrange and coordinate activities involved during any event, function, program.

preparing, sampling and cooking various items and recopies of food. Genealogist: A person specialized in the study of

Executive Secretary: Person in a business organization, club, institution having managerial and

family history, family tree they are known as bhats in Maharashtra.

administrative power and reporting to the director or

Geographist: A person engaged in the scientific study

chief executive.

of the earth's surface, divisions, climate and other physical features

F

Geologist: An expert in the scientific study of the

Fabricator: One who makes differenthings out of any material, like iron and steel? E.g. Items like grills, furniture etc.

earth's structure, crust, rocks, strata, etc. and the history of its development Gerontologist: An expert in the scientific study of old

Farmer: Person who owns/manages a farm and produces crops, food grains, vegetables, fruits or poultry.

people and ageing processes, their psychological and physiological aspects. Guide: A person who shows another the way used specially for a person employed to show tourists

Fashion Designer: Person who designs fashionable

interesting sights, structures, ruins etc.

clothes. Gynecologist: A doctor who has specialized in the Finger Print Expert: Person trained to analyze the

scientific study and treatment of diseases and disorder

pattern, lines or impressions made by individual

of tile female reproductive system.

fingers and palms on a surface and used for identifying people, especially criminals.

TO PURCHASE THIS BOOK YOU CAN VISIT THE INSTITUTE Blog site www.cdilucknow.blogspot.com

Fisherman: The person who makes his living by Or you can visit the Lucknow Branch.

catching fish and selling them. Food Analyst: Scientific examination of food for its nutritional value, contamination or presence of bacteria. Foreign Exchange Dealer: Person who deals with buying and selling of foreign currency, money or other transactions. Forest Ranger: Person who does the job of looking after a forest, protecting animals, birds and trees.

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

English Vocabulary

Confidence, Fluency & Personality

39