Engineering and Construction - Volgina, Gafurov, Naumov

 

HFIKFHHZKFI GFB ACFQRZXARKCF ACFRZGARQ UKARCZKG UCLIKFG, PDKLKPP FGXOCU, HICZ IGEXZCU FZX DQH, EGAXLR[ CE LGY :07;

 

ACOOCF ACFRZGAR R[PHQ

 

HPЧ> prcs gfb acfs -

+ 7) luo luop p suo (ec (ecrhsh rhshhgj hgjlh) lh) prkah prkah==

7)

Dkidhr Dkid hr ogk ogkfl fly y buh buh tc bhl bhlhi hig gcf cf ce ce ocrh ocrh rks rksm m tc tdh acftrgatcr.. Rdks kf turf ogy lhgb tc acftrgatcr prct acftrgatcr wdhf tdh rksms grh fct f ct rhglkzhb.

:)

Lkokthb Lkokth b acft acftrc rcll cvhr cvhr tdh bhs bhskif kif kf prci prcirhs rhsss gfb gfb cvhr cvhr prcnhat rhglkzgcf.

:) skoplhr jubiht pclkay erco tdh tdh lhfbhr‛s lhfbhr‛s phrspha phrsphavh= vh= 1) egsthr egsthr prcnhat prcnhat koplhohf koplhohftgcf tgcf gfb ecrhshh ecrhshhgjlh gjlh acoplhcf bgth= 2) hfecrahohf hfec rahohft t ce phrecrogf phr ecrogfah ah lkgjklkhs lkgjklkhs agf jh fgrrcw fgrrcwhb hb tc cfh pgraulgr hfty= 8) acftrgatcr acftrgatcr hakhfay hakhfay kf shgradkfi shgradkfi ecr ecr adhgphr adhgphr gfb gfb qukamhr sclucfs= 5) skfilh pckft pckft acftrgatc acftrgatcr‛s r‛s rhspcfskjklk rhspcfskjklkty ty ecr acfstr acfstruacf uacf wcrms gfb bhskif

Hfikfhhrkfi, Prcaurhohft gfb Acfstruacf (HPA)  ks g pgrtaulgr ecro ce acfrgatfi grrgfihohf ushb kf scoh kfbusrkhs wdhrh dh HPA acfrgacr ks ogbh rhspcfskjlh ecr gll dh gatvkths erco bhskif, prcaurhohf, acfsruatcf, acooksskcfkfi gfb dgfbcvhr ce dh prcnha c dh hfb-ushr cr cwfhr.

 

HPЧO> prcs gfb acfs -

+

Zhbuahb acs acsts ts kf agshs agshs ce ce socctd socctd rhglkzg rhglkzgcf cf ce ce 7) Zhbuahb wcrm

7) Bkaulty Bkaulty kf accrbkfgfi accrbkfgfi kfbkvkbug kfbkvkbugll acftrgatcr acftrgatcrss (acopgjklkty (acopgjklkty ce plgfts, accrbkfgcf ce shquhfakfi gfb tdh lkmh), tdh suaahss ce wdkad lgrihly bhphfbs cf tdh HPAO acftrgatc acftrgatcr‛s r‛s hxphrkhfah.

:) Jrc Jrcgbhr gbhr gaahs gaahsss tc acft acftrga rgatcr tcrs‛ s‛ ogrmh ogrmhtt

:) Bkaulty Bkaulty kf gllcagfi gllcagfi gfb bhocfstrg bhocfstrgfi fi rhspcfskjk rhspcfskjklkty lkty wdhrh wdhrh kfbkvkbugl acftrgatcrs sdculb egkl.

1) Elh Elhxk xkjk jklk lkty ty 2) Lcw Lcwhr hr rksm ce ce fcf-phre fcf-phrecrog crogfah fah cr acft acftrga rgatcr tcr kfsclvhfay ‑ rksm ks sprhgb tc egaklktgth ehwhr —suj-rksms‛ gllcagthb tc ocrh acftrgatcrs.

1) Bkaulty Bkaulty kf accrbkf accrbkfgfi gfi lkgjklk lkgjklkhs hs jhtwhh jhtwhhf f tdh HPAO HPAO acftrgatcr gfb tdhogkf plgft acftrgatcr.

8) Qkfi Qkfilh lh pckft pckft rhspc rhspcfskj fskjklkty klkty ecr ecr tdh bhski bhskif f gfb

8) Dkid bhogf bhogfbs bs cf cf hoplcy hoplcyhr hr agpgak agpgakhs. hs.

accrbkfgcf ce tdh wcrms.

2) Lcwhr Lcwhr lhvhl ce acftrgat acftrgatugl ugl phfglhs phfglhs gfb lkqukbg lkqukbgthb thb bgogihs bgogihs kf acftrgats wktd sogllhr acftrgatc acftrgatcrs. rs.

 

Hfikfhhrkfi, Prcaurhohft gfb Acfstruacf Ogfgihohft (HPAO)  ks g sphakgl ecro ce acfrgatfi grrgfihohf. Kf gf HPAO grrgfihohf, dh alkhf shlhas g acfrgacr wdc prcvkbhs ogfgihohft shrvkahs  ecr dh wdclh prcnha cf jhdgle ce dh alkhf. Rdh HPAO acfrgacr accrbkfghs gll bhskif, prcaurhohf gfb acfsruatcf wcrm

gfb hfsurhs dg dh wdclh prcnha ks acoplhhb gs rhqukrhb gfb kf toh. Rdh HPAO acfrgacr ogy cr ogy fc ufbhrgmh gaugl skh wcrm.

 

EKBKA ACFRZGARQ

 

Gaacrbkfi c EKBKA Qguhs gfb Jy-Lgws (Cacjhr :077), dh Ehbhrgtcf‛s cjnhavhs grh>

7. c rhprhsh rhprhshf f dh acfsultfi hfikfhhrkfi kfbusry ilcjglly= :. c hfdgfah dh kogih ce acfsultfi hfikfhhrs= 1. c jh dh lhgbkfi gudcrky cf ks kssuhs suhs rhlgtfi c juskfhss prgatah= 2. c prcoch dh bhvhlcpoh bhvhlcpohf f ce g i ilcjgl lcjgl gfb vkgjlh vkgjlh acfsultfi hfikfhhrkfi kfbusry= 8. c pr prcoc coch h qug quglk lky= y= 5. c gatvhly prcoch acfec acfecrogfah rogfah c g aacbh cbh ce hdkas gfb c juskfhss kfhirky= 9. c prcoch acookoh acookohf f c susgkfgjl susgkfgjlh h bhvhlcpohf.

 

—ACFQ‛ cr tdh —Zhb Jccm‛ •

 whll-jglgfahb rksm gllcagtcf

•

 kfhfbhb ecr prcnhas wdhrh dh rksms gsscakghb wkd dh bhskif grh

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c jh jcrfh ogkfly jy dh hoplcyhr.  usuglly dh hoplcyhr (dhkr bhskifhr) prhpgrhs g bhgklhb bhskif=

•

 dh acfrgacr hvglughs dh rghs gfb prkahs ce dh hfbhr jkll ce

•

qugftths.  wcrms grh ohgsurhb cf dh jgsks ce gauglly acoplhhb wcrms, uskfi dh xhb rghs gfb prkahs.

 

P&BJ cr tdh —[hllcw Jccm‛ •

 whll-jglgfahb rksm gllcagtcf

•

 rksms gsscakghb wkd bhskif grh c jh jcrfh ogkfly jy dh acfrgacr

•

•

 uflkmh ACFQ, P&BJ bchs fc ush dh hoplcyhr‛s hoplcyhr‛s bhgklhb bhskif ecr ecr dh purpcsh ce dh hfbhr (hros ce rhehrhfah).  hvhf dcuid dh acfrga prkah ks gmhf gs g luop suo prkah, k ogy jh sujnha c ocbkagtcfs vgrkgtcfs gbbktcfgl pgyohfs gfbdrcuid hxhfskcfs ce toh.gfb algkos rgkshb ecr

 

HPA cr HPAR cr tdh —Qklvhr Jccm‛ •

 ocs ce dh rksms grh gllcaghb c dh acfrgacr

•

 rhacoohfbhb wdhrh hftrh kfvhsohf shs (suad gs fualhgr pcwhr plgfs) grh c jh acfrgahb cu gfb wdhrh dh rhqukrhohf ks c shaurh cgl prkah gfb acoplhtcf toh.

•

 HPA - dh prkah ks gmhf gs g luop suo.

 

Qcet lgw> XFAKRZGL gfb tdh HX

 

XFAKRZGL Lhigl Iukbh cf Brgwkfi Xp Kfthrfgtkcfgl Acftrgats ecr tdh Acfstruatkcf ce Kfbustrkgl Ycrms •

•

•

Gbcpthb kf 7;49 jy tdh Ycrmkfi Ircup cf tdh Fhw Kfthrfgcfgl Hacfcoka Crbhr ce tdh Xfkthb Fgcfs Acooksskcf cf Kfthrfgcfgl Rrgbh Lgw Rdh Ircup acfsulthb wktd prgacfhrs gfb ctdhr hxphrts kf tdh hlb ce kfthrfgcf kfthrfgcfgl gl wcrms acftrgats, pujlkagcfs, pujlkagcf s, gralhs gfb ctdhr thxtugl ogthrkgls, gs whll gs ocbhl ecros ce acftrgat, ihfhrgl acfbkcfs ce acftrgat gfb gatugl acftrgats jhtwhhf pgrhs. Ecrhwcrb>

"Acfskbhrkfi tdgt lhiglly scufb, jglgfahb gfb hquktgjlh kfthrfgcfgl acftrgats ecr tdh acfstruacf ce kfbustrkgl wcrms grh kopcrtgft ecr gll acuftrkhs, gfb kf pgraulgr ecr bhvhlcpkfi acuftrkhs, "Jhkfi ce tdh cpkfkcf tdgt g lhigl iukbh cf brgwkfi up kfthrfgcfgl acftrgats ecr tdh acfstruacf ce kfbustrkgl kbhfeykfi tdh lhigl kssuhs tc jh bhglterco wktdbhvhlcpkfi kf suad acftrgats gfbkf suiihsfi ce tdcsh kssuhs, wkllwcrms, jh dhlpeul tc gll pgrhs, kf pgraulgr tdcsh acuftrkhs, acfalubkfisclucfs suad acftrgats •

lhigl kssuhs tdgt grksh kf acffhacf wktd tdh acfstruacf ce kfbustrkgl wcrms, acvhrkfi tdh prh-acftrgatugl, prh-acftrgatugl, acfstruacf gfb pcst-acfstruacf pcst-acfstruacf pdgshs, gfb suiihsts pcsskjlh wgys kf wdkad tdh pgrhs ogy bhgl wktd tdhsh kssuhs kf tdhkr acftrgats.

 

XFAKRZGL Lhigl Iukbh cf Brgwkfi Xp Kfthrfgtkcfgl Acftrgats ecr tdh Acfstruatkcf ce Kfbustrkgl Ycrms Pgrt 7> Oghrs grkskfi prkcr tc brgwkfi up g acftrgat Adgpthr K> Prh-acftrgat stubkhs Adgpthr Kl. Adckah ce acftrgafi gpprcgad Adgpthr KKK. Qhlhacf ce acftrgatcr gfb acfaluskcf ce acftrgat Pgrt :> Rdh brgwkfi up ce sphaka prcvkskcfs ce g wcrms acftrgat Adgpthr KU. Ihfhrgl rhogrms cf brgkfi Adgpthr U. Bhsarkpcf ce wcrms gfb quglkty iugrgfthh Adgpthr UK. Rrgfsehr ce thadfclciy Adgpthr UKKK. Qupply ce hqukpohft gfb ogthrkgls Adgpthr KT. Acfstruacf cf skth Adgpthr T. Acfsulfi hfikfhhr Adgpthr TK. Qujacftrgafi Adgpthr TKK. Kfsphacfs gfb thsts burkfi ogfuegaturh gfb

Adgpthr TUKK. Qhaurkty ecr phrecrogfah Adgpthr TUKKK. Bhlgy, bhehats gfb ctdhr egklurhs tc phrecro Adgpthr TKT. Lkqukbgthb bgogihs gfb phfglty algushs Adgpthr TT. Bgogihs Adgpthr TTK. Hxhopcf algushs Adgpthr TTKK. Dgrbsdkp algushs Adgpthr TTKll. Ugrkgcf algushs Adgpthr TTKU. Qusphfskcf ce acfstruacf Adgpthr TTU. Rhrokfgcf ce acftrgat Adgpthr TTUK. Qupplkhs ce spgrh pgrts gfb shrvkahs ghr acfstruacf

acfstruacf Adgpthr TKKK. Acoplhcf, tgmh-cvhr gfb gaahptgfah Adgpthr TKU. Pgsskfi ce rksm Adgpthr TU. Rrgfsehr ce cwfhrsdkp ce prcphrty

Adgpthr TTUKK. Rrgfsehr ce acftrgatugl rkidts gfb cjlkigcfs Adgpthr TTUKKK. Adckah he lgw Adgpthr TTKT. Qhlhohft ce bkspuths

 

Erg oh ce Zhehrhfah Brget Acoocf Ergoh (BEZA)

Rdh Brge Acoocf Ergoh c Zhhrhfah (BAEZ), g nckf prcnha ce dh Quby Ircup gfb Gaquks Ircup wgs pujlksdhb kf Bhahojhr :009. “K ks alhgr dg ogfy ce dh rhshgradhrs gfb sgmhdclbhrs wcrmkfi cf dh prcnha jhlkhvh dg dh ultogh lcfi-hro cuacoh wkll jh g Hurcphgf acbh ce cjlkigtcfs cr hvhf g eull-jlcwf Hurcphgf Akvkl Acbh.‟

 

Erg oh ce Zhehrhfah Brget Acoocf Ergoh (BEZA)

Jccm KU> Qphaka acftrgats acftrgats gfb tdh rkidts gfb cjlkigcfs grkskfi erco tdho Adgpthr 1> Acfstruacf KU. A. ‑ 1>707> Qacph KU. A. ‑ 1>70:> Cjlkigtcf ce alkhf c ac-cphrgh KU. A. ‑ 1>701> Cjlkigtcf c prhvhf bgogih c sruaurh

KU. KU. A. A. ‑ ‑ 1>702> 1>708> Acfecroky Kfsphatcf, suphrvkskcf gfb gaahpgfah KU. A. ‑ 1>705> Dgfbkfi-cvhr ce dh sruaurh KU. A. ‑ 1>709> Pgyohf ce dh prkah KU. A. ‑ 1>704> Zksms

 

ZHEHZHFAHQ & QRXEE RC ADHAM CXR

7) Mlhh L. Kft Kfthrfg hrfgcfgl cfgl Acfs Acfstrua truacf cf Acftr Acftrgat gat Lgw> Lgw> Yklhy Yklhy Jlgamwhll Jlgamwhll

:) K.G. Icbbgrb Kfhrfgtcfgl lhigl gfb fgtcfgl lhigl rhiulgtcf ce arcssarcssjcrbhr acfsruatcf acfrgas 1) EKBKA pgih> dp> dp>//bk //bka.cri/ a.cri/

 

Rdgfm ycu.