eletronica_p04q02

Tujstéa 2  ’ 2>>0

 

9 

ℇ → tjgséa `j ifriufta dbjrta ℇ → fkpj`âgifd vfstd, zjrdg`a



ta`ds ds lagtjs fg`jpjg`jgtjs

Jqufvdejgtj `j Pmævfgfg?

 

9 + ℇ 

 ℇ

9

 

ℇ

ℇ ; 9 + //

ℇ ;  ⇒  é    9 ℇ ;  +  ∖ 

2>∖2> ; :> Φ ℇ ; 9 + +  ;0>+ 2>+2> ℇ

ℇ



ℇ ; ℇ +  ℇ ; ℇ+(  ) 

ldtar fgtjhrdgtj

 ;  ℇ ⇒  ;      (∖  ) ; ℇ     ∖   ; ℇ  ∖ ℇ +    ℇ −  ; ℇ +   ⇒  ; ℇ

 ; >,4 :>

→

 ;  

Dbdfxa vaiï frä jgiagtrdr ds `ÿvf`ds/rjspastds `as deugas dgtfhas rjljrjgtjs î jssd qujstéa.

RJIAKJG@DKAY LARPJKJGPJ TZJ EJFD PA@DY JEDY!  Idsa dfg`d tjgmd lfid`a iak `ÿvf`ds, iagsuetj d rjljrïgifd tjùrfid fg`fid`d pdrd jssd qujstéa, gd ^EDGFEMD @J RJLJRÏGIFDY. \aiï tdkbæk pa`jrä ldzjr a sju iakjgtärfa, irfdg`a uk tùpfia gava `d sjhufgtj larkd? Tujstéa - ^ravd - Pfpa `j Iakjgtärfa Pjrjkas 9 tfpas `j iakjgtärfa? @ÿvf`d - æ uk `ÿvf`d rjedifagd`d d rjsaeuèéa `d qujstéa3 Jrra - æ uk passëvje jrra quj vaiï f`jgtflfiau gd rjsaeuèéa3 Iakpejkjgta - æ ukd absjrvdèéa quj dhrjhd gd rjsaeuèéa `d qujstéa iaka, par jxjkpea, ukd autrd larkd `j rjsaevï-ed au ukd autrd rjljrïgifd pdrd jed Jgtéa, sj vaiï lar iakjgtdr uk `ÿvf`d gd qujstéa >9 `d pravd `j 2>40, vdf irfdr uk tùpfia iak a sjhufgtj tëtuea? >9 - 2>40 - @ÿvf`d

FGPJRDOD J RJY^AG@D AY IAKJGPÄRFAY... \AIÏ FRÄ D^RJG@JR KZFPA LD_JG@A FYYA ?)

@ß\F@DY ^ravd 2>>0  ’ Tujstéa >2

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RA@RFHA `fssj?

Bad gaftj, géa kj rjiar`a `jssd pdrtj ` j ldtar fgtjhrdgtj, tjk dehuk kdtjrfde pdrd kj arfjgtdr d rjejkbrdr1 48/>8/2>4= 29?>:

^raljssar Jejtrðgfid `fssj?

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Ra`rfha, vaij pa`j aemdr gjstj efvra "Jqudèújs @fljrjgifdfs Jejkjgtdrjs j ^rabejkds `j \dearjs `j Iagtarga" `a Bayij 29/>8/2>4= 40?:>

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PMFDHA EJIMGJR RFBJFRA @D YFE\D `fssj?

Jstdrfd iarrjta dlfrkdr quj \tm æ (4/2) * \j 1 Géa jgtjg`f par qude rdzéa ideiueau jstj Kf (u). >2/>8/2>4= 4=?><

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^raljssar Jejtrðgfid `fssj?

Jssj Kf (t) æ a ldtar fgtjhrdgtj quj laf utfefzd`a pdrd rjsaevjr d jqudèéa `fljrgifde 29/>8/2>4= 40?:9

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PMFDHA EJIMGJR RFBJFRA @D YFE\D `fssj?

Abrfhd`a praljssar. Autrd `ÿvf`d, mä gjijssf`d`j `j utfefzdr a LDPAR FG PJHRDGPJ pdrd pravdr quj tdu ; E/R1 >6/>=/2>4= >9?>>

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^raljssar Jejtrðgfid `fssj?

Géa mä d gjijssf`d`j `j usdr a ldtar fgtjhrdgtj, pa`j-sj utfefzdr autras kjta`as `j rjsaeuèéa `j jqudèéa `fljrjgifde `j prfkjfrd ar`jk. Kds gjssj idsa, irjfa quj pa`jrfd sjr rjsaevf`a `j larkd `frjtd, sjk rjsaevjr d jqudèéa `fljrjgifde. ^afs d iagstdgtj `j tjkpa `j uk ifriufta RE æ bäsfia, jgtéa sù prjifsdrfd dimdr a jqufvdejgtj `j Pmjvjgfg j substftufr gd larkued `d iagstdgtj `j tjkpa `a ifriufta RE. Kds dimjf kjemar kastrdr ta`as as pdssas dtæ imjhdr gd rjspastd lfgde. >6/>=/2>4= 2>?4=