[hlvkrsldbd Tk`hjiðol`b Hb`ljhbi Cb`uitbd ^koljhbi Pbh Crbh`ls`j
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b
KIK@T^JTK@HLB
VIBHLCL@B@LÐH @L@IJ IK@TLSJ >66=
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
ÅHDL@K ÅHDL@K ................................................................................................................................................> ................................................................................................................................................> V^JCKPLJHBI DJ@KHTK DJ@KHTK B @B^OJ ....................................................................... .............................................................................................0 ......................0 [NL@B@LÐH........................................................................................................................................4 JNGKTLSJP........................................................................................................................................; J^OBHLWB@LÐH DK @JHTKHLDJP........................................................................... @JHTKHLDJP .................................................................................................? ......................? V^JO^BEB BHBIÅTL@J BHBIÅTL@J ................................................................... ................................................................................................................22 .............................................22 @^LTK^LJP DK KSBI[B@LÐH................................................................................................. KS BI[B@LÐH........................................................................................................2= .......2= KSBI[B@LÐH7 ......................................................................................................................................2= ......................................................................................................................................2= B[TJKSBI[B@LÐH7 ..............................................................................................................................2= ..............................................................................................................................2= VIBH DK T^BNBGJ........................................................................................................................2< EKTJDJIJOÅB...............................................................................................................................>; NLNILJO^BCÅB ....................................................................... ................................................................................................................................>= .........................................................>= B^TL@[IB@LÐH...............................................................................................................................06 B^TL@[IB@LÐH @JH KI Â^KB7...............................................................................................................06 TKEBP ^KIB@LJHBDJP @JH EBTK^LBP DKI Â^KB7 .......................................................................... .................................................................................06 .......06 B^TL@[IB@LÐH @JH KI HLSKI7..............................................................................................................02 ^KIB@LJHBDJP EBTK^LBP DKI HLSKI7.................................................................................02 TKEBP B ^TL@[IB@LÐH @JH IBP@JH @J^^KIBTLSBP 7...............................................................................................02 TKEBP ^KIB@LJHBDJP @JH IBP @J^^KIBTLSBP7 ..................................................................................02 ..................................................................................02
J^LKHTB@LÐH ........................................................................ .................................................................................................................................0> .........................................................0> DKI Â^KB7..........................................................................................................................................0> DK IB BPLOHBT[^B7 ............................................................................................................................0> ............................................................................................................................0>
Vâolhb > dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
V^JCKPLJHBI DJ@KHTK B @B^OJ Dj`khtk ^B×I JEB^ CK^^K^J DBELÂH SLIJPLJ
@btkojråb Tåtuij Vrjcksljhbi V^JCKPJ^ BPJ@LBDJ LHO. KIK@T^L@LPTB J^DLHB^LJ KIK@T^ÐHL@J GKCK DK T^BNBGJP LHO. KIK@T^JEK@ÂHL@J V^Â@TL@JP
Vâolhb 0 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
[NL@B@LÐH Dkhtrj dki `jhtkxtj `urrl`uibr prks`rlptj sk unl`b kh7
Kspk`lbildbd7 Vibh7 Jrlkhtb`lðh7 Ârkb7 Hlvki7 @brob Mjrbrlb Pkebhbi7 ^ìolekh7
LHOKHLK^ÅB KIK@T^JEK@ÂHL@B
3
3
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Tjtbi dk Vrjyk`tj Vrâ`tl`b y prjcksljhbi mjrbs dlskòj
supkrvlsbdb
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2
Vâolhb 4 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
JNGKTLSJP Jngktlvjs dk ib bslohbturb bslohbturb Ki dlskòj `urrl`uibr dki Vibh ) Ârkb ÂJngktlvjs rkb dk `jhj`lelkhtj7 KIK@T^L@LDB KIK@T^L@LDBD. D. dki ârkb7
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Bhbilzbr, `jeprkhdkr y `jhj`kr ibs ikyks quk ojnlkrhbh ib okhkrb`lðh, trbhscjreb`lðh, dlstrlnu`lðh y utlilzb`lðh dk ib khkroåb kiì`trl`b. Bhbilzbr, `jeprkhdkr y bdqulrlr `jhj`lelkhtjs sjnrk ijs ebtkrlbiks quk sk usbh kh bpbrbtjs j slstkebs dk okhkrb`lðh, trbhscjreb`lðh, trbhselslðh, dlstrlnu`lðh y utlilzb`lðh dk ib khkroåb kiì`trl`b. Dksbrrjiibr ibs mbnlildbdks dk khsbybr, dktk`tbr cbiibs, rkbilzbr ebhtkhlelkhtj, skik``ljhbr y prjyk`tbr bdk`ubdbekhtk tbiks bpbrbtjs j slstkebs, rkspktbhdj ijs prlh`lpljs okhkrbiks quk rlokh ib ibnjr dki lhokhlkrj.
0) Jngktlvjs dk ib bslohbturb7 @jhj`kr ib tkjråb dk ijs `lr`ultjs kiì`trl`js y su cuh`ljhbelkhtj kh rìolekh - pkrebhkhtk y trbhsltjrlj. Bpil`br uh ejdkij cåsl`j pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, ij quk lhtrjdu`k ib - hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij. - ^ksjivkr prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh, puks ììstjs stjs byudbh b kh khtkhdkr tkhdkr k lhtkorbr ijs `jh`kptjs y b tjebr dk`lsljhks crkhtk b sltub`ljhks prjnikeâtl`bs. Pbnkr utlilzbr ib ektjdjijoåb okh okhkrbi krbi y ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dk sjctwbrk bprjplbdbs pb pbrb rb - trbnbgbr kh ib kik`trjtk`hlb bpil`bdb. Dksbrrjiibr kh ki kdu`bhdj ibs `bpb`ldbdks dk jnskrvb`lðh, bnstrb``lðh y såhtksls b - pbrtlr dk b`tlvldbdks tkðrl`bs y kxpkrlekhtbiks. Bdqulrlr mânltjs dk lhtkrprktb`lðh y bhâilsls, vbijrbhdj rksuitbdjs k ldkhtlcl`bhdj ibs - lepil`b`ljhks y rkib`ljhks quk `jhtkhob. 4) Vrjorbeb slhtìtl`j prjpukstj kh ki dlskòj `urrl`uibr7 • Bhâilsls dk `lr`ultjs kh `jrrlkhtk `jhtlhub. • @lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js dk ciugj `jhstbhtk. • @jrrlkhtk bitkrhb b rìolekh pkrebhkhtk. Vjtkh`lb kiì`trl`b. • Tkjrkebs dk `lr`ultjs pbrb `jrrlkhtk bitkrhb. • • • • • • • • • •
@lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js dk ciugj vbrlbnik. @lr`ultjs trlcâsl`js. @lr`ultjs b`jpibdjs Trbhsltjrlj kh `lr`ultjs ilhkbiks. Cuh`lðh dk trbhsckrkh`lb. ^kspukstb kh crk`ukh`lb dk `lr`ultjs. @lr`ultjs hj ilhkbiks. @jepjhkhtks sleìtrl`bs. Lepkdbh`lb y rkdks dk sk`ukh`lb. Bhâilsls dk cbiibs bsleìtrl`bs. @jrrlkhtks dk `jrtj`lr`ultj.
Dki prjorbeb sk dksprkhdk quk sk trbtb dk uhb bslohbturb dk cjreb`lðh quk quk prjpjr`ljhb ibs nbsks pbrb quk ki kdu`bhdj bdqulkrb `jhj`lelkhtjs quk ik pkreltbh rbzjhbr y bhbilzbr tjdbs ibs bpil`b`ljhks b dksbrrjiibr `jh pjstkrljrldbd.
Vâolhb ; dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Ki prjorbeb bhbiåtl`j dksbrrjiibdj `jhtlkhk tjdjs ijs tkebs prjpukstjs kh ki dlskòj `urrl`uibr. Ibs uhldbdks `jh`ukrdbh kh okhkrbi `jh ijs tåtuijs dki prjorbeb slhtìtl`j. @ubhdj bså hj sk mlzj cuk pjrquk pjr su kxtkhslðh y/j `jrrkib`lðh sk lh`iuyð kh jtrj.
Vâolhb 3 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
J^OBHLWB@LÐH DK @JHTKHLDJP Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 27
@L^@[LTJP KH @J^^LKHTK @JHTLH[B
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
Ikyks nâsl`bs dk `jrrlkhtk `jhtlhub. Eìtjdjs dk rksjiu`lðh dk rkdks `jh kikekhtjs rkslstlvjs.
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekh Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 tbiks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 - Pjctwbrk EBTMKEBTL@B pbrb rksjiu`lðh dk k`ub`ljhks. - Pjctwbrk Euitlsle >662 pbrb sleuib`lðh orâcl`b dk `lr`ultjs
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks.
Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij.
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· >7
@L^@[LTJP KH @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
Okhkrb`lðh dk tkhslðh bitkrhb ejhjcâsl`b. ^k`kp`lðh dk tkhslðh bitkrhb ejhjcâsl`b. ^kprkskhtb`lðh `brtkslbhb y vk`tjrlbi. [sj dki âioknrb `jepikgb. @jh`kptjs dk lepkdbh`lb y bdeltbh`lb
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekhtb Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 iks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 Pjctwbrk EBTMKEBTL@B pbrb rksjiu`lðh dk k`ub`ljhks `jh - jpkrbdjr `jepikgj Pjctwbrk Euitlsle >662 pbrb sleuib`lðh orâcl`b dk `lr`ultjs `jh - okhkrbdjrks dk @.B. [sj dki js`lijs`jplj dki sleuibdjr pbrb vkrlcl`br dkscbsbgks - Pjctwbrk @@ pbrb bhâilsls orâcl`j dk ebohltudks `jepikgbs.
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks.
Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij .
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 07
VJTKH@LB \ CB@TJ^ DK VJTKH@LB
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
@jh`kptjs dk trbnbgj, khkroåb y pjtkh`lb. @bi`uibr nbh`js dk `bpb`ltjrks pbrb `jrrk``lðh dki cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekhtb Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 iks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 - Pjctwbrk EBTMKEBTL@B - Pjctwbrk PL@JC pbrb `jrrk``lðh cb`tjr ddkk pjtkh`lb.
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks. Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij.
Vâolhb ? dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 47
EÌTJDJP DK PJI[@LÐH DK ^KDKP DK @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
Eìtjdjs dk rksjiu`lðh dk rkdks `jh kikekhtjs rkslstlvjs y rkb`tlvjs. Tkjrkebs dk rkdks rkdks
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekhtb Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 iks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 Pjctwbrk EBTMKEB EBTMKEBTL@B TL@B pbrb rksjiu`lðh dk slstkebs dk -
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k`ub`ljhksSLPPLE dlckrkh`lbiks. Pjctwbrk pbrb sleuib`lðh orâcl`b y vlsubilzb`lðh dk rksuitbdjs dk k`ub`ljhks dlckrkh`lbiks. Pjctwbrk Euitlsle >662 pbrb sleuib`lðh orâcl`b y vlsubilzb`lðh dk rksuitbdjs dk k`ub`ljhks dlckrkh`lbiks.
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks.
Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij.
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· ;7
@L^@[LTJP VJILCÂPL@JP
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
Okhkrb`lðh y rk`kp`lðh dk tkhslðh bitkrhb trlcâsl`b. ^kprkskhtb`ljhks `brtkslbhb y vk`tjrlbi. @jepkhsbr cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekhtbi Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 ks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 Pjctwbrk PLPB PLPBE E pbrb `âi`uij dk `lr`ultjs dk prjtk``lðh y - ebhljnrb. Pjctwbrk PL@JC pbrb `jrrk``lðh dk `jskhj ϛ. -
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks.
Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij.
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 37
@L^@[LTJP EBOHÌTL@JP \ B@JVIBDJP
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
^ksjhbh`lb. Lhtrjdu``lðh b ib tkjråb dki trbhscjrebdjr. @jh`kptj dk `lr`ultj ebohìtl`j
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekh Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 tbiks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 Pjctwbrk Euitlsle >662 utlilzbhdj `lr`ultjs b`jpibdjs pb pbrb rb sleuib`lðh orâcl`b. Pjctwbrk EBTMKEB EBTMKEBTL@B TL@B pbrb rksjiu`lðh dk slstkebs dk - k`ub`ljhks dlckrkh`lbiks.
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@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks. Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij.
Vâolhb = dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· ?7
^KPV[KPTB TKEVJ^BI DK [H PLPTKEB
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
Plstkebs ilhkbiks Trbhscjrebdb dk Ibpib`k Trbhsltjrljs dk `lr`ultjs kiì`trl`js Ki pibhj `jepikgj dk ib crk`ukh`lb @jh`kptj dk cuh`lðh dk trbhsckrkh`lb
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekhtb Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 iks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 Pjctwbrk EBTMKEBTL@B - Pjctwbrk @@ pbrb rksjiu`lðh dk trbhscjrebdbs dk Ibpib`k. - Pjctwbrk Slssle pbrb sleuib`lðh orâcl`b y bhâilsls dk rksuitbdjs dk - cuh`ljhks dk trbhsckrkh`lb
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· =7
BHÂILPLP C^K@[KH@LBI
@jhtkhldjs @jh`kptubiks7
Pkrlk trlojhjeìtrl`b dk Cjurlkr ‐ Kvbiub`lðh dk ijs `jkcl`lkhtks Kspk`trj dls`rktj dk jhdbs dk cuh`ljhks tåpl`bs Påhtksls dk jhdbs Jhdbs dk `jrrlkhtk bitkrhb rk`tlcl`bdbs @jhtkhldj dk breðhl`bs kh rkdks Dlstjrslðh breðhl`b Pjiu`lðh
@jhtkhldjs Vrj`kdlekhtb Vrj`kdlekhtbiks7 iks7
[tlilzb`lðh7 - Pjctwbrk EBTMKEBTL@B
@jhtkhldjs B`tltudlhbiks B`tltudlhbiks77
Bdqulrlr mbnlildbd kh ib skik``lðh dk ibs mkrrbelkhtbs dki sjctwbrk pkrtlhkhtks pbrb ib rkbilzb`lðh dk ibs b`tlvldbdks.
Vjr bpil`br uh ejdkij pbrb ib sjiu`lðh dk uh prjnikeb prâ`tl`j, bdqulrlr ib hj`lðh dk ijs iåeltks dk bpil`bnlildbd dki ejdkij.
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· Iky dk Jme 2.>.2 ^kib`lðh khtrk K, L y ^ 2.>.> @jhkxlðh dk rkslstkh`lbs kh skrlk ‐ @jh`kptj dk tkhslðh 2.>.0 @jhkxlðh kh skrlk dk okhkrbdjrks 2.>.4 ^kslstkh`lb dk ib iåhkb dk trbhselslðh 2.0 @jrrlkhtks dkrlvbdbs 2.0.2 Vrlekrb iky dk Alr`mmjcc. 2.0.> @jhkxlðh dk rkslstkh`lbs kh pbrbikij 2.0.0 @jhkxlðh kh pbrbikij dk ijs okhkrbdjrks dk `jrrlkhtk 2.0.4 @jhkxlðh elxtb dk rkslstkh`lbs 2.0.; Pkouhdb iky dk Alr`mmjcc 2.4 Plepilcl`b`lðh dk `lr`ultjs pjr borupbelkhtj dk rkslstkh`lbs 2.; ^ksjiu`lðh dk `lr`ultjs ekdlbhtk ibs ikyks dk Al Alr`mmjcc r`mmjcc 2.3 ^ksjiu`lðh dk `lr`ultjs pjr ekdlj dk ibs `jrrlkhtks dk ebiib 2.? ^ksjiu`lðh dk `lr`ultjs pjr ekdlj dk ijs pjtkh`lbiks dk hjdj 2.= ^ksjiu`lðh pbr`lbi dk `lr`ultjs 2.=.2 Tkjrkeb dk supkrpjsl`lðh 2.=.> Tkjrkeb dk Tmìvkhlh 2.=.0 Tkjrkeb dk Hjrtjh. 2.< B`jpibelkhtj dk okhkrbdjrks. Bpìhdl`k B ‐ Plstkeb Lhtkrhb`ljhbi dk [hldbdks Bpìhdl`k N Tbnib L ‐ Vrlh`lpbiks cb`tjrks dk ijs ebtkrlbiks `jhdu`tjrks, kx`iuldj ki `jnrk Tbnib LL ‐ Sbijrks lepjrtbhtks rkibtlvjs bi `jnrk. Kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh
Vâolhb 22 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· >7
@L^@[LTJP KH @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB
[hldbd H· >7 @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB EJHJCÂPL@B >.2 Okhkrb`lðh dk uh vjitbgk bitkrhbdj slhusjldbi >.> Sbijrks ekdlj y kcl`bz ^kprkskhtb`lðh vk`tjrlbi y slenðil`b dk uhb @B.
>.0
>.4 Jpkrb`ljhks `jh vk`tjrks Bpìhdl`k B ‐ Dkclhl`ljhks Bpìhdl`k N ‐ H÷ekrjs `jepikgjs Kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh
[hldbd H· 07 KI ^K@KVTJ^ KH IJP @L^@[LTJP DK @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB 0.2 Lhtrjdu``lðh 0.> @lr`ultjs rkslstlvjs purjs 0.0 @lr`ultjs lhdu`tlvjs purjs 0.4 @lr`ultjs `bpb`ltlvjs purjs 0.; Iky dk Jme kh cjreb slenðil`b ‐ Lepkdbh`lb ‐ Bdeltbh`lb 0.3 @jhkxlðh kh skrlk dk lepkdbh`lbs 0.3.2 ^kspukstb dk uh `lr`ultj ^I 0.3.> ^kspukstb dk uh `lr`ultj ^@ 0.3.0 ^kspukstb dk uh `lr`ultj ^I@ 0.? @jhkxlðh kh pbrbikij dk lepkdbh`lbs 0.?.2 ^kspukstb dk uh `lr`ultj ^I 0.?.> 0.?.0 ^kspukstb ^kspukstb dk dk uh uh `lr`ultj `lr`ultj ^@ ^I@ 0.= @lr`ultjs kh skrlk ‐ pbrbikij 0.< @jhvkrslðh dk uh `lr`ultj pbrbikij b skrlk Tbnibs7 L - ^kspukstbs dk kikekhtjs kh @B LL - Tlpjs dk llepkdbh`lbs epkdbh`lbs kh @B Kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh
Vâolhb 2> dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 07
VJTKH@LB \ CB@TJ^ DK VJTKH@LB
[hldbd H· 47 T^BNBGJ \ VJTKH@LB KH @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB 4.2 Trbnbgj, khkroåb y pjtkh`lb ‐ Dkclhl`ljhks ‐ [hldbdks 4.> Vjtkh`lb y trbnbgj kh uh `lr`ultj rkslstlvj purj 4.0 Vjtkh`lb y trbnbgj kh uh `lr`ultj lhdu`tlvj purj 4.4 Vjtkh`lb y trbnbgj kh uh `lr`ultj `bpb`ltlvj purj 4.; Vjtkh`lb y trbnbgj rkb`tlvj 4.3 Vjtkh`lb kh uh `lr`ultj okhìrl`j ‐ Cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb 4.? Vjtkh`lb b`tlvb, rkb`tlvb y bpbrkhtk 4.= Vjtkh`lb `jepikgb 4.< @jrrk``lðh dki cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb Tbnibs7 K`ub`ljhks pbrb ibs `jepjhkhtks dki trlâhouij dk pjtkh`lbs Ânb`js7 Cb`tjr E Kgkr`l`ljs / Vrjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 47
EÌTJDJP DK PJI[@LÐH DK ^KDKP DK @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB
[hldbd H· ;7 ^KPJI[@LÐH DK ^KDKP DK @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB ;.2 Kikekhtjs dk uhb rkd ;.> K`ub`ljhks dk rbeb ;.0 Eìtjdj dk ibs `jrrlkhtks dk ebiib ;.4 H÷ekrj eåhlej dk ebiibs lhdkpkhdlkhtks ;.; Ebtrl`ks ;.3 Dktkrelhbhtks ;.? Bpil`b`lðh dki âioknrb dk ebtrl`ks bi bhâilsls dk `lr`ultjs ;.= Lepkdbh`lbs dk kx`ltb`lðh y dk trbhsckrkh`lb ;.< Eìtjdj dk ibs tkhsljhks dk hudj ;.26 Bdeltbh`lbs Bdeltbh`lbs dk kx`ltb`lðh y ddkk trbhsckrkh`lb ;.22 Dubildbd Kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh
Vâolhb 20 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
[hldbd H· 37 TKJ^KEBP OKHK^BIKP DK @L^@[LTJP 3.2 Lhtrjdu``lðh 3.> Ilhkbildbd y rkspukstbs dk rkdks 3.0 Tkjrkeb dk supkrpjsl`lðh 3.4 Tkjrkeb dk rk`lprj`ldbd 3.; Tkjrkeb dk sustltu`lðh 3.3 Tkjrkeb dk Eliiebh 3.? Tkjrkeb dk Tmìvkhlh 3.= Tkjrkeb dk Hjrtjh 3.< Tkjrkeb dk `jepkhsb`lðh 3.26 Tkjrkeb dk eâxleb trbhsckrkh`lb dk pjtkh`lb 3.22 Trbhscjreb`ljhks kstrkiib b trlâhouij y vl`kvkrsb 3.2> ^ksuekh Kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· ;7
@L^@[LTJP VJILCÂPL@JP
[hldbd H· ?7 @L^@[LTJP T^LCÂPL@JP KH @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB ?.2 Lhtrjdu``lðh ‐ Skhtbgbs y dksvkhtbgbs dk ijs slstkebs trlcâsl`js ?.> Okhkrb`lðh trlcâsl`b ?.0 Tkhsljhks y `jrrlkhtks kh uh slstkeb nbibh`kbdj `jhk`tbdj kh kstrkiib ?.4 Tkhsljhks y `jrrlkhtks kh uh slstkeb nbibh`kbdj `jhk`tbdj kh dkitb j trlâhouij ?.; Vjtkh`lb y cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb ?.3 Ekdl`lðh dk ib pjtkh`lb trlcâsl`b ?.? @jhkxlðh ddkk e÷itlpiks `brobs nbibh`kbdbs ?.= @brobs dksnbibh`kbdbs ?.< Bpil`b`lðh dki âioknrb `jepikgb kh ki bhâilsls dk slstkebs trlcâsl`js Kgkr`l`ljs / Vrjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh
Vâolhb 24 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk Tkeâtl`j H· 37
@L^@[LTJP EBOHÌTL@JP \ B@JVIBDJ B@JVIBDJP P
[hldbd H· =7 @L^@[LTJP EBOHÌTL@JP =.2 Lhtrjdu``lðh =.> @jh`kptjs cuhdbekhtbiks dki `bepj ebohìtl`j =.0 [hldbdks utlilzbdbs kh `lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js =.4 @jh`kptj dk `lr`ultj ebohìtl`j ‐ Kgkepijs dk kstru`turbs ebohìtl`bs =.; Ciugj dk dlspkrslðh y ciugj kh ki khtrkmlkrrj =.3 Bhbijoåb khtrk `lr`ultjs kiì`trl`js y ebohìtl`js =.? Vrj`kdlelkhtj dk dlskòj dk `lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js =.= Vìrdldbs kh h÷`ikjs ebohìtl`js =.< Vkrekbnlildbd lh`rkekhtbi Tbnibs L ‐ Vkrekbnlildbd rkibtlvb eâxleb dk ebtkrlbiks ckrrjebohìtl`js LL ‐ [hldbdks nâsl`bs y dkrlvbdbs dki slstkeb PL LLL ‐ ^ksuekh dk uhldbdks dk `lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js LS ‐ @jepbrb`lðh khtrk `lr`ultjs kiì`trl`js y ebohìtl`js Dlborbebs7 @urvbs dk ebohktlzb`lðh Kgkr`l`ljs / Vrjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh
Vâolhb 2; dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
[hldbd H· .0
Lhdu`tjr hj ilhkbi
2>.4
Dkck`tjs
2>.;
Trbhslstjr
2>.3 2>.?
Bhâilsls pjr skrlks ‐ Pkrlk dk Tbyijr Dktkrelhb`lðh orâcl`b dk ijs `jkcl`lkhtks
2>.=
@urvbs `brb`tkråstl`bs
2>.<
@lr`ultjs rk`tlcl`bdjrks
Vâolhb 2= dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
@^LTK^LJP DK KSBI[B@LÐH Kvbiub`lðh7 Ib rkouibrlzb`lðh dk ib bslohbturb sk jntlkhk7 @jepiktbhdj `jej eåhlej ki =6% dk bslstkh`lb b `ibsks, `jh pbrtl`lpb`lðh b`tlvb. - Durbhtk ki pkråjdj ik`tlvj sk tjebh > (djs) pbr`lbiks, `jh sus rkspk`tlvbs - rk`upkrb`ljhks. Vbrb rkouibrlzbr dknkh bprjnbrsk benjs `jh uhb hjtb eåhleb dk 4 (`ubtrj). Rulkh jntkhob uhb hjtb supkrljr b ? (slktk), y rk`upkrbhdj sðij uh pbr`lbi `jej eâxlej, tkhdrâ prjej`ljhbdj ijs trbnbgjs prâ`tl`js kh ib kvbiub`lðh clhbi. Ijs orupjs dk biuehjs sjh rkdu`ldjs, pjr ij quk, durbhtk ki `l`ij ik`tlvj sk pukdkh rkbilzbr kvbiub`ljhks lhcjrebiks dk prj`ksj, b trbvìs dk lhtkrrjobtjrljs, j dki bhâilsls dk ib `bpb`ldbd kh ib rksjiu`lðh dk prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh Kvbiub`lðh clhbi7 clhbi7 Lhdlvldubi. Ib kvbiub`lðh clhbi tlkhk pjr clhbildbd `jeprjnbr sl ijs jngktlvjs dj`khtks mbh sldj bi`bhzbdjs y dknkrâ rkbilzbrsk ekdlbhtk pruknbs jngktlvbs. Vjr `jhsloulkhtk, ib pruknb dk kvbiub`lðh clhbi dknk skrvlr pbrb quk ki kdu`bhdj pjhob dk ebhlclkstj sl mb bdqulrldj j hj ibs `bpb`ldbdks `jhtkepibdbs kh ijs jngktlvjs. Vjr ij tbhtj, pjr ki tlpj dk bslohbturb, `jh prjnikebs dk ekdlbhb `jepikgldbd y tlkepjs dk rksjiu`lðh rbzjhbniks, ki tlpj dk pruknb eâs bdk`ubdb ks ib quk `jhslstk kh ib rksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh dk slelibrks `brb`tkråstl`bs b ijs rksukitjs durbhtk ki dksbrrjiij dki `ursj, yb quk kstâh `jh`knldjs pbrb kgkr`ltbr dl`mbs `bpb`ldbdks. Vbrb qulìhks hj mbybh prjej`ljhbdj ijs trbnbgjs prâ`tl`js ekdlbhtk ijs pbr`lbiks, ki kxbekh clhbi `jhslstlrâ kh uhb pruknb ÷hl`b quk bnbr`brâ trks kgkr`l`ljs dk bpil`b`lðh dk tjdb ib bslohbturb. Pjnrk `bdb prjnikeb sk rkbilzbrâ uh `jijqulj sjnrk ibs pbutbs tkðrl`bs kepikbdbs pbrb rksjivkrij, kvbiubhdj sl ki kdu`bhdj, pjr vbijrb`lðh dk ijs rksuitbdjs, bdqulrlð ijs mânltjs dk rbzjhbelkhtj, lhtkrprktb`lðh y bhâilsls. Vbrb qulìhks mbybh prjej`ljhbdj ijs trbnbgjs prâ`tl`js ekdlbhtk ijs pbr`lbiks, sk `jepiktbrâ su kvbiub`lðh ekdlbhtk uh `jijqulj `jh`kptubi sjnrk bspk`tjs tkðrl`js kepikbdjs pbrb rksjivkr kgkr`l`ljs, b ilnrj bnlkrtj, kvbiubhdj sl ki kdu`bhdj, bdqulrlð mmânltjs ânltjs dk rbzjhbelkhtj, lhtkrprktb`lðh y bhâilsls. Pk kvbiubrâ dk 6 b 26 puhtjs, slkhdj hk`ksbrlj bi`bhzbr uhb hjtb loubi j supkrljr b 4 puhtjs pbrb supkrbr ib bslohbturb Butjkvbiub`lðh7 Pkrâ rkbilzbdb utlilzbhdj ki lhstruekhtj kibnjrbdj dksdk Pk`rktbråb B`bdìel`b y bprjnbdj pjr @jhskgj B`bdìel`j.
Vâolhb 2< dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
VIBH DK T^BNBGJ Kgk tkeâtl`j H· 27 @L^@[LTJP KH @J^^LKHTK @JHTLH[B Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
2
Ikyks dk Jme y Alr`mmjcc kh @jrrlkhtk @jhtlhub
>
0
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh kgkr`l`ljsdk
Dk prj`ksj
Eìtjdjs dk ibs ebiibs y dk ijs hudjs
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk
Dk prj`ksj
Tkjrkebs dk `lr`ultjs
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Biuehjs dk 4¶ Bòj dk Lhokhlkråb Kik`trðhl`b jcl`lbh `jej `jhsuitjrks durbhtk 4 mjrbs dlbrlbs kh ki Ibnjrbtjrlj dk Kik`trðhl`b
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
; ‐ 3 - 2?
@jh`kptubi
; ‐ 3 - 2?
@jh`kptubi
; ‐ 3 - 2?
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· >7 @L^@[LTJP KH @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
4
Vbrâektrjs dk uhb @B Jpkrb`ljhks vk`tjrlbiks
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh @ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
Hlvki dk Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
@jh`kptubi
2->-4- 3-?--4- 3-?--4- 3-?--4- 3-?--4- 3-?-6 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· >7 @L^@[LTJP KH @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh
Hlvki dk Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
@jh`kptubi
2->-4- 3-?--4- ;-?-=26 23 - 2?
@ibsk dk ^ksjiu`lðh kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2->-4- ;-?-=26 23 - 2?
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2->-4- ;-?-=26 23 - 2?
Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
26
Vjtkh`lb y trbnbgj kh `lr`ultjs ^, I y @ purjs
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
22
Vjtkh`lb b`tlvb , rkb`tlvb y bpbrkhtk
2>
@jrrk``lðh dki cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· 47 EÌTJDJP DK PJI[@LÐH DK ^KDKP DK @J^^LKHTK BITK^HB Pkebhb
Hlvki dk Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - ? - 22 - 2?
Eìtjdj dk ibs tkhsljhks dk hudj
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - ? - 22 - 2?
Tkjrkebs okhkrbiks dk `lr`ultj
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - ? - 22 - 2?
@jhtkhldjs
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh @ibsk
20
24
2;
Eìtjdj dk ibs `jrrlkhtks dk ebiib
^ksjiu`lðh kgkr`l`ljsdk Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk
Vâolhb >2 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
K]BEKH VB^@LBI H¶2 Pkebhb
23
@jhtkhldjs
[hldbdks 2, >, 0, 4, ; y 3
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd
^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs @bhtldbd7 0 (trks) pjr biuehj
Hjtb eåhleb pbrb rkouibrlzbr7 4 (`ubtrj) Hjtb eåhleb pbrb prjej`ljhbr Trbnbgjs Vrâ`tl`js7 ? (slktk)
Nlniljorbcåb
Vrjnikebs slelibrks b ijs rksukitjs b ij Ib rk`jekhdbdb kh `bdb uhldbd ibroj dki dksbrrjiij dk ijs `bpåtuijs
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· ;7 @L^@[LTJP VJILCÂPL@JP Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd @ibsk
Nlniljorbcåb
2?
@jhkxljhks kstrkiib y trlâhouij
^ksjiu`lðh kgkr`l`ljsdk
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - 4 - ? - < - 26 -2> 23 - 2?
2=
Vjtkh`lb y cb`tjr dk pjtkh`lb
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - 4 - ? - < - 26 -2> 23 - 2?
2<
@brobs nbibh`kbdbs y dksnbibh`kbdbs
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - 4 - ? - < - 26 -2> 23 - 2?
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· 37 @L^@[LTJP EBOHÌTL@JP \ B@JVIBDJP Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
@ibsk @lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js ^ksjiu`lðh dk Dlskòj dk `lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
4 - 3 - ? - 23 - 2?
>2
@lr`ultjs rksjhbhtks skrlk y pbrbikij
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
4 - 3 - ? - 23 - 2?
>>
@lr`ultjs b`jpibdjs Trbhscjrebdjrks
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
4 - 3 - ? - 23 - 2?
>6
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· ?7 ^KPV[KPTB TKEVJ^BI DK [H PLPTKEB Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
>0
Plstkebs ilhkbiks Trbhscjrebdb dk Ibpib`k
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd @ibsk dk ^ksjiu`lðh kgkr`l`ljs
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
Nlniljorbcåb 2 - > - ? - 24 - 2; 2?
Vâolhb >> dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· ?7 ^KPV[KPTB TKEVJ^BI DK [H PLPTKEB Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
^ksjiu`lðh dk `lr`ultjs kh ki djelhlj trbhscjrebdj, rkspukstb tkepjrbi Ki pibhj `jepikgj dk ib crk`ukh`lb ^kspukstb b uhb kxltb`lðh pkrlðdl`b ^ksjiu`lðh dk `lr`ultjs `jh vbrlbs ebiibs
>4
@jh`kptj dk lepkdbh`lb okhkrbilzbdb @lr`ultjs jpkrb`ljhbiks Cuh`lðh dk trbhsckrkh`lb. Lepkdbh`lb y bdeltbh`lb dk trbhsckrkh`lb
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh
Hlvki dk Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
@jh`kptubi
2 - > - ? - 24 - 2; 2?
Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk Biuehjs dk 4¶ Bòj dk Lhokhlkråb Kik`trðhl`b jcl`lbh `jej `jhsuitjrks durbhtk 4 mjrbs dlbrlbs kh ki Ibnjrbtjrlj dk Kik`trðhl`b @ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk Biuehjs dk 4¶ Bòj dk Lhokhlkråb Kik`trðhl`b jcl`lbh `jej `jhsuitjrks durbhtk 4 mjrbs dlbrlbs kh ki Ibnjrbtjrlj dk Kik`trðhl`b
Dk prj`ksj
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· =7 BHÂILPLP C^K@[KH@LBI Pkebhb
>;
>3
@jhtkhldjs
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs Pleuib`lðh ekdlbhtk sjctwbrk Pkrlk trlojhjeìtrl`b dk Cjurlkr Biuehjs dk 4¶ @âi`uij dk ijs `jkcl`lkhtks Bòj dk Lhokhlkråb Påhtksls dk jhdbs Kik`trðhl`b Kspk`trj dk iåhkbs jcl`lbh `jej `jhsuitjrks durbhtk 4 mjrbs dlbrlbs kh ki Ibnjrbtjrlj dk Kik`trðhl`b Bhâilsls dk breðhl`bs kh slstkebs kiì`trl`js Cb`tjrks dk dlstjrslðh dk tkhslðh y `jrrlkhtk Pjiu`ljhks
@ibsk
Nlniljorbcåb
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 ‐ > ‐ ? ‐ 26 ‐ 20 ‐ 2?
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi / Lhcjrebtlvj
2 ‐ > ‐ ? ‐ 26 ‐ 20 ‐ 2; ‐ 2?
Vâolhb >0 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· ?
@jepjhkhtks sleìtrl`bs Vjtkh`lb dk slstkebs trlcâsl`js bsleìtrl`js Vrjplkdbdks dk ibs `jepjhkhtks sleìtrl`bs dk ijs vk`tjrks `jepukstjs
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
>=
Vrjplkdbdks dk ijs vk`tjrks slepiks dk uh slstkeb bsleìtrl`j Lepkdbh`lbs b ibs sk`ukh`lbs Dkpkhdkh`lb dk tkhsljhks k lhtkhsldbdks @jrrlkhtk dk `jrtj`lr`ultjs bsleìtrl`js
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
><
Hlvki dk Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
0 ‐ = ‐ 26 ‐ 22 ‐ 2>
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
0 ‐ = ‐ 26 ‐ 22 ‐ 2>
@jh`kptubi
Ebhubi dk Bhbilzbdjr dk Ebohltudks Kiì`trl`bs
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh
Slsltb b uhb @âebrb dk Ekdl`lðh y Ebhljnrb Slsltb b uhb @âebrb dk Trbhscjreb`lðh Slsltb b uhb @âebrb dk NT `jh `jrrk`tjr butjeâtl`j dk `js ϛ
Slsltb Tbrkb dk `bepj
Dk prj`ksj
EL@^JSLV 0
Lhstbib`lðh dk Bhbilzbdjr Ebohltudks Kiì`trl`bs dk EL@^JSLV 0, kvbiubhdj ijs rksuitbdjs
Kgk tkeâtl`j H· 267 PLPTKEBP HJ ILHKBIKP Pkebhb
@jhtkhldjs
06
Kikekhtjs pbslvjs hj ilhkbiks
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
02
Kikekhtjs b`tlvjs hj ilhkbiks Bhâilsls pjr skrlk dk Tbyijr
@ibsk ^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs
Hlvki dk Vrjcuhdldbd
Nlniljorbcåb
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - > - 22 - 2?
Dk prj`ksj
@jh`kptubi
2 - > - 22 - 2?
Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh
K]BEKH VB^@LBI H¶> Pkebhb
0>
@jhtkhldjs
@bpåtuijs ?, =,
Hlvki dk Kstrbtkolbs Kvbiub`lðh Vrjcuhdldbd
^ksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs @bhtldbd7 0 (trks) pjr biuehj
Hjtb eåhleb pbrb rkouibrlzbr7 4 (`ubtrj) Hjtb eåhleb pbrb prjej`ljhbr Trbnbgjs Vrâ`tl`js7 ? (slktk)
Nlniljorbcåb
Vrjnikebs slelibrks b ijs rksukitjs b ij Ib rk`jekhdbdb kh `bdb `bpåtuij ibroj dki dksbrrjiij dk ijs `bpåtuijs
HJTB7 IJP ^K@[VK^BTJ^LJP DK @BDB VB^@LBI PK ^KBILWB^ÂH KH CK@MBP B HJTB7 CLGB^, D[^BHTK IJP EKPKP DK HJSLKEN^K, DL@LKEN^K, CKN^K^J \ EB^WJ
Vâolhb >4 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
EKTJDJIJOÅB Vbutbs pbrb kibnjrbr ijs `jhtkhldjs7 - Pk rkspktð ki prjorbeb slhtìtl`j prjpukstj kh ki dlskòj `urrl`uibr.
-
-
Pk dksbrrjiið uh prjorbeb bhbiåtl`j `uyjs `bpåtuijs `jh`ukrdbh kh okhkrbi `jh ijs tåtuijs dki prjorbeb slhtìtl`j. @ubhdj bså hj sk mlzj cuk pjrquk pjr su kxtkhslðh y/j `jrrkib`lðh sk lh`iuyð kh jtrj. -
pjslnik. Ki prjorbeb bhbiåtl`j pjr `bpåtuijs sk rkbilzð `jh kkii ebyjr orbdj dk dksborkob`lðh
Pk skik``ljhð uhb hutrldb nlniljorbcåb (23 vji÷ekhks) dk rk`jhj`ldb sjivkh`lb tì`hl`b, `iâsl`b y dk kdl`ljhks b`tubiks.
Pk skik``ljhbrjh ijs tkebs ekgjr trbtbdjs dk ib nlniljorbcåb y sk vji`brjh kh uh tkxtj ÷hl`j, dk dlskòj y cjrebtj prjplj, `jh lhhjvbdjrks rk`ursjs dldâ`tl`js. Ib `âtkdrb hj mb prktkhdldj skr lhìdltb kh su kibnjrb`lðh, sk mb nbsbdj kh tkxtjs euhdlbiekhtk rk`jhj`ldjs, sðij sjh jrlolhbiks ijs jngktlvjs, jrobhlzb`lðh y prkskhtb`lðh dki ebtkrlbi y rkdb``lðh dk biouhjs tkebs. Ki tkxtj `jepiktj ks kdltbdj pjr ki @khtrj dk Kstudlbhtks [hlvkrsltbrljs Tk`hjiðol`js (@.K.[.T.). Bslelsej, sk kstâ kh prj`ksj dk dloltbilzbr tjdjs ijs `bpåtuijs, b ekdldb quk sk rkbil`kh sk lh`iulrâh kh ib pâolhb _kn dk ib Cb`uitbd.
@brb`tkråstl`bs prlh`lpbiks dk cjreb dki tkxtj nrlhdbdj pjr ib @âtkdrb7 @bhtldbd dk `bpåtuijs7 20, `jlh`ldkhtks `jh ki prjorbeb bhbiåtl`j. @bdb tkeb sk dksbrrjiið kh cjreb `jepiktb, kvltbhdj rks÷ekhks.
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Jngktlvjs kspk`åcl`js dki tkxtj nrlhdbdj pjr ib @âtkdrb7 ^ksbitbr ib rkib`lðh khtrk ki bhâilsls `jh`kptubi y ib rksjiu`lðh dk prjnikebs, kepikbhdj orbh h÷ekrj dk kgkepijs pbrb ejstrbr ijs khcjquks dk rksjiu`lðh dk ijs elsejs, mb`lkhdj mlh`bplì kh quk rksjivkrijs ks uh prj`ksj kh ki `ubi sk bpil`b ki `jhj`lelkhtj `jh`kptubi, y hj sk trbtb ekrbekhtk dk uh ejdkij ek`bhlzbdj pbrb ib sjiu`lðh. Vjr kiij, kh ki tk tkxtj xtj y kh ijs kgkepijs rksukitjs sk rksbitbh ijs prj`ksjs ekhtbiks dk rksjiu`lðh dk prjnikebs `jh nbsk kh ijs `jh`kptjs, kh vkz dk dkstb`br ijs prj`kdlelkhtjs ek`âhl`js.
Vrjpjr`ljhbr b ijs kstudlbhtks ib prâ`tl`b kh ki ke kepikj pikj dk ibs tì`hl`bs dk bhâilsls quk sk prkskhtbh kh ki tkxtj. Ejstrbr b ijs kstudlbhtks quk ibs tì`hl`bs bhbiåtl`bs sjh mkrrbelkhtbs, hj jngktlvjs, pkreltlkhdj kh vbrlbdbs sltub`ljhks quk prb`tlqukh kh ib kik``lðh dki eìtjdj bhbiåtl`j quk usbrâh pbrb jntkhkr ib sjiu`lðh. Bikhtbr ki lhtkrìs dki kstudlbhtk kh ibs b`tlvldbdks dk ib lhokhlkråb, lh`iuykhdj prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh rkbi. Kibnjrbr prjnikebs y kgkr`l`ljs quk utlil`kh vbijrks rkbilstbs quk rkprkskhtkh sltub`ljhks cåsl`bs cb`tlniks. Kstleuibr b ijs kdu`bhdjs b pjhdkrbr ijs prjnikebs bhtks dk btb`brijs, mb`lkhdj ibs pbusbs hk`ksbrlbs pbrb `jhsldkrbr lepil`bh`lbs eâs bepilbs dk uhb sltub`lðh kspk`åcl`b dk ib rksjiu`lðh. Bikhtbr b ijs kstudlbhtks pbrb quk kvbi÷kh ib sjiu`lðh, yb skb `jh jtrj eìtjdj dk rksjiu`lðh j pjr ekdlj dk pruknbs, pbrb vkr sl tlkhk skhtldj kh tìrelhjs dki `jepjrtbelkhtj `jhj`ldj dki `lr`ultj j slstkeb. Ejstrbr b ijs biuehjs `ðej sk utlilzbh ijs rksuitbdjs dk uhb sjiu`lðh pbrb kh`jhtrbr lhcjreb`lðh bdl`ljhbi b`kr`b dk ib jpkrb`lðh dk uh `lr`ultj j slstkeb. Ib rksjiu`lðh dk ib ebyjråb dk ijs prjnikebs rkqukrlrâ ki tlpj dk bhâilsls quk dknk kck`tubr uh lhokhlkrj bi rksjivkr prjnikebs dki euhdj rkbi. Ijs kgkepijs dksbrrjiibdjs, djhdk rk`bi`b ib cjreb dk pkhsbr prjplb dk ib lhokhlkråb, tbenlìh slrvkh kh `jej nbskskpbrb sjiu`ljhbr prjnikebs rkbiks.
Vâolhb >; dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
^kpktlr ibs k`ub`ljhks y clourbs ibs vk`ks quk skb hk`ksbrlj, dk ebhkrb quk ki kdu`bhdj sk `khtrk kh ki tkeb kh `ukstlðh y hj tkhob quk pbsbr lhhk`ksbrlbekhtk dk uhb pâolhb b jtrb.
Lhtrjdu`lr b ijs kstudlbhtks kh prjnikebs jrlkhtbdjs bi dlskòj.
Lh`iulr uh h÷ekrj `jhsldkrbnik dk kgkr`l`ljs y prjnikebs b rksjivkr.
Ki eìtjdj dk khskòbhzb y ib pibhlcl`b`lðh sjh cuhdbekhtbiks pbrb ijorbr ki `uepilelkhtj dki prjorbeb dk kstudljs, pjr ij quk sk sloukh ijs sloulkhtks ilhkbelkhtjs7 -
Vjslnliltbr uhb b`tlvldbd dk sltub`ljhks butjokstlðhprjnikeâtl`bs pjr pbrtk dkirkbiks, kdu`bhdj, `jh ki jngktj gktj dk pkreltlrik bprjxlebrsk b ibs rkbilzbhdj ijs jn prj`ksjs `brb`tkråstl`js dk ib prjckslðh. Ib b`tlvldbd dk butjokstlðh mb`k rkbildbd ib vkrdbd7 ki `jhj`lelkhtj hj sk trbhsclkrk, sk bdqulkrk.
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Pkik``ljhbr ibs b`tlvldbdks kh cuh`lðh dk ijs prjnikebs nâsl`js dk lhokhlkråb j skr rkprkskhtbdbs `jej sltub`ljhks prjnikeâtl`bs, quk okhkrbh ib hk`ksldbd dk n÷squkdb dk lhcjreb`lðh y dk sjiu`ljhks `rkbtlvbs.
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Dknldj b ib bepiltud dk tkebs y ij bgustbdj dki tlkepj prkskh`lbi dlspjhlnik, ki tkxtj kdltbdj pjr ib @âtkdrb rkdu`k hjtbnikekhtk ki tlkepj lhvkrtldj kh dlnugjs y tjebdj dk hjtbs, pkreltlkhdj bdkeâs uh jrdkhbelkhtj rlourjsj dk ib bslohbturb.
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Lh`jrpjrbr sjpjrtk dloltbi pbrb ki `âi`uij y sleuib`lðh, dk ebhkrb tbi quk ki kdu`bhdj khtrk râpldbekhtk kh `jhtb`tj `jh mkrrbelkhtbs dk ÷itleb tk`hjijoåb kh ib b`tlvldbd prjcksljhbi. Pk lh`iuyk kh ib jrobhlzb`lðh, ki bprkhdlzbgk y ebhkgj dk uhb hutrldb vbrlkdbd dk sjctwbrk dk `âi`uij y sleuib`lðh dk usj `jtldlbhj kh lhokhlkråb kiì`trl`b.
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Ijs biuehjs dknkrâh `jepiktbr su bprkhdlzbgk cukrb dk ijs mjrbrljs hjrebiks dk `ibsk, pbrb kiij ib @âtkdrb dlspjhk dki bsksjrbelkhtj dk biuehjs dk 4¶Bòj dk ib `brrkrb Lhokhlkråb Kik`trðhl`b, `jh qulkhks tlkhkh ib pjslnlildbd dk prjcuhdlzbr kh ki usj dk ijs sjctwbrk dk sleuib`lðh kepikbdjs.
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Ibs `ibsks sjh pjr ejekhtj kxpjsltlvb kxpjsltlvbs, s, y pjr ejekhtjs bepilbekhtk dknbtldbs, sjnrk tjdj `ubhdj sk rkbilzbh ijs `âi`uijs y ijs kgkr`l`ljs j sk kstudlbh ijs cjiiktjs `jekr`lbiks, `jh orbh pbrtl`lpb`lðh dki biuehj, ki `ubi vb `jhstruykhdj su bprkhdlzbgk. Hj kxlstkh dksbrrjiijs tkðrl`js y ebtkeâtl`js dkhsjs kxpjsltlvjs (ìstjs clourbh kh ki ebtkrlbi dldâ`tl`j nrlhdbdj pjr ib @âtkdrb), pkrj så bdk`ubdjs bhâilsls cåsl`js orupbiks dk ijs ckhðekhjs quk sk prjdu`kh. Plkeprk sk `jh`iuyk `jh prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh. Plkeprk sk `jh`iuyk `jh prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh, ks dk`lr, ib tì`hl`b dk rksjiu`lðh dk prjnikebs ks uhj dk ijs eìtjdjs eâs utlilzbdjs `jej kstrbtkolb.
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Kstleuibr b ijs kdu`bhdjs b prkskhtbr y kvbiubr sus trbnbgjs, `jh sus pbrks, dkckhdlkhdj sus `jh`iusljhks, kh uhb dls`uslðh khrlquk`kdjrb dk prjpukstbs.
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@jej kstrbtkolb quk sustltuyk bi rk`ursjdkkxpjsltlvj, sk prkstb kspk`l kspk`lbi bi btkh`lðh bdk ib rksjiu`lðh dk kgkr`l`ljs y prjnikebs bpil`b`lðh. Pk pibhkbh sltub`ljhks bprkhdlzbgk `jej prjnikebs, dk ejdj tbi quk ibs pjslniks sltub`ljhks okhkrkh sjiu`ljhks y hukvjs lhtkrrjobhtks.
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Ijs prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh sk rksukivkh ’b ebhj― yy/j /j `jh sjctwbrk. Ki biuehj clhbilzb ib bslohbturb `jhj`lkhdj ki ebhkgj dk ? (slktk) prjorbebs dk `jeputbdjrb bptjs pbrb `âi`uijs kiì`trl`js, dk usj `jtldlbhj kh ki âenltj prjcksljhbi dk ib lhokhlkråb kspk`lbilzbdb.
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Pk rkbilzbh vlsltbs b kstbnik`lelkhtjs llhdustrlbiks, hdustrlbiks, ddjhdk jhdk pukdb ejstrbrsk ibs eâs ejdkrhbs tk`hjijoåbs kh lhstbib`lðh kiì`trl`b. Kh ki elsej ejekhtj sk rkbilzbh ekdl`ljhks `jh Bhbilzbdjr dk Khkroåb pbrb iukoj lhtkrprktbr ijs rksuitbdjs.
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Ki kxbekh clhbi ks ks`rltj, prâ`tl`j - tkðrl`j, dâhdjsk kspk`lbi llepjrtbh`lb epjrtbh`lb b ijs prjnikebs dk bpil`b`lðh. Pl `bnk, ijs prjnikebs rksukitjs pjdrâh skr vkrlcl`bdjs `jh `jeputbdjr.
Kstleuibr `benlbr iborbdjs rkbildbd.`rk`lkhtks ddkk ilnkrtbd y butjhjeåb pkrsjhbi, kh uhb n÷squkdb dk
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Vâolhb >3 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
NLNILJO^BCÅB 2) @L^@[LTJP KH LHOKHLK^ÅB KIÌ@T^L@B Muom M. Paliilho ‐ Kdlt. @
[email protected]. >) @L^@[LTJP KIÌ@T^L@JP Hlissjh ‐ Kdlt. Bddlsjh ‐ _ksiky Lnkrjb. 0) TKJ^ÅBKhrlquk DK @L^@[LTJP ^bs ‐ Kdlt. Ebr`jenj. 4) @L^@[LTJP KIÌ@T^L@JP \ EBOHÌTL@JP Lho. Ebr`kij B. Pjnrkvlib. ‐ Kdlt. Cuhdb`lðh pbrb ki ilnrj tk`hjiðol`j. ;) T^BTBDJ DK KIK@T KIK@T^L@LDBD ^L@LDBD ‐ TJEJP 2 \ > @mkstkr I. Dbwks ‐ Kdlt. Olil P.B. 3) C[HDBEKHTJ C[HDBEKHTJP P DK IB KIK@T^JTK@HL KIK@T^JTK@HLB B ‐ TJEJP 2 \ > M. Sjh Nkkrkh y M. Tku`mkrt ‐ Kdlt. Ibnjr P.B. ?) @L^@[LTJP KIÌ@T^L@JP Gjskpm B. Kdelhlstkr ‐ Kdlt. E` Orbw Mlii. =) LHPTBIB@LJHKP KIÌ@T^L@BP ‐ TJEJP Binkrt C. Pplttb ‐ Kdlt. Djssbt P.B. 2 \ > ) PLPTKEBP VJILCÂPL@JP Ojhzâiks ‐ Kdlt. Vbhbhlhcj. 20) T^BHPCJ^EBDBP DK IBVIB@K VB^B LHOKHLK^JP KH KIK@T^ÐHL@B Gbeks O. Mjinrjja ‐ Kdlt. Ileusb. 24) LHT^JD[@@LÐ LHT^JD[@@LÐH H B IB PÅHTKPLP DK @L^@[LTJ @L^@[LTJP P KIÌ@T^L@JP Gleìhkz Obrzb ^bejs ‐ Kdlt. Ileusb. 2;) BHÂILPLP NÂ NÂPL@J PL@J DK @L^@[LTJP KIÌ@T KIÌ@T^L@JP ^L@JP Gjmhsjh ‐ Kdlt. Vrkhtl`k-Mbii. 23) LHOKHLK^Å LHOKHLK^ÅB B DK IB KHK^OÅ KHK^OÅB B KIÌ@T^L@ KIÌ@T^L@B B Lho. Ebr`kij Pjnrkvlib ‐ Kdlt. Ebryebr. 2?) TK]TJ KDLTBDJ VJ^ IB @ÂTKD^B
Vâolhb >? dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
B^TL@[IB@LÐH Brtl`uib`lðh `jh ki Ârkb7 @brob Mjrbrlb 2
Vjr`khtbgk % >2,40
Eâqulhbs Kiì`trl`bs Ekdl`ljhkss Kiì`trl`bs Ekdl`ljhk
236 2>=
2?,=3 24,>=
@khtrbiks y Plstkebs dk Trbhselslðh ^kdks dk Dlstrlnu`lðh k Lhstbib`ljhks Kiì`trl`bs Ebhtkhlelkhtj Ebhtkhlelk htj Kik`trjek`âhl`j Kik`trjek`âhl`j
236 236 = dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
^KDKP DK DLPT^LN[@LÐH k LHPTBIB@LJHKP KIÌ@T^L@BP Tjdjs ijs prlh`lpljs y ikyks dk ib Kik`trjtk`hlb
Tkeb rkib`ljhbdj rkib`ljhbdj Hlhouhj kspk`åcl`j
Vâolhb >< dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Brtl`uib`lðh `jh ki Hlvki7 Bslohbturb
@brob Mjrbrlb Tjtbi
Ikolsib`lðh
34
Kik`trjtk`hlb
2
Tkrejdlhâel`b Tì`hl`b
2>=
K`jhjeåb
ms. bhubi
Vjr`khtbgk % 3,2; 2=,43 2>,0> 0 2;,0= 0 2>,0> 3,2; 4,32 3,2;
Tkebs rkib`ljhbdjs `jh ebtkrlbs dki hlvki7 Tk`hjijoåb Ek`âhl`b Ek`âhl`b Vjtkh`lb Kiì`trl`b
Tkeb rkib`ljhbdj rkib`ljhbdj [tlilzb`lðh pikhb dk ib pjtkh`lb lhstbibdb
Vâolhb 06 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Brtl`uib`lðh `jh ibs `jrrkibtlvbs7 Bslohbturb
Vbrb `ursbr @ursbdb
Vbrb rkhdlr Bprjnbdb
Bprjnbdb
- Bhâilsls Ebtkeâtl`j L KIK@T^JTK@HLB
- Cåsl`b LL
- Cåsl`b L dk - Plstkebs ^kprkskhtb`lðh
- Cåsl`b LL
Tkebs rkib`ljhbdjs `jh ibs `jrrkibtlvbs7 CÅPL@B LL LL @bpb`ldbd Vrjplkdbdks kiì`trl`bs dk ib ebtkrlb Kik`trj`lhìtl`b Lhdu``lðh ebohìtl`b @jrrlkhtk bitkrhb
Tkeb rkib`ljhbdj rkib`ljhbdj @lr`ultjs dk @@ @lr`ultjs dk @B @lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js y b`jpibdjs Kikekhtjs hj ilhkbiks
Vrjplkdbdks dk ib ebtkrlb ebohìtl`bs
Vâolhb 02 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Jtrbs brtl`uib`ljhks7 Vrjyk`tj Clhbi dk Jpkrb`lðh y Ebhtkhlelkhtj Vibhlcl`b`lðh dk ebhtkhlelkhtj Vrjyk`tj clhbi Vibhlcl`b`lðh dk ebhtkhlelkhtj
Tkeb rkib`ljhbdj rkib`ljhbdj @lr`ultjs trlcâsl`js kh `jrrlkhtk bitkrhb Vjtkh`lb b`tlvb, rkb`tlvb y bpbrkhtk
Vrjyk`tj clhbi
Vâolhb 0> dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
J^LKHTB@LÐH Dki Ârkb7
Vbrb rkbilzbr ki bhâilsls dk ib ebtkrlb dkhtrj dk su ârkb, ks lepjrtbhtk tkhkr kh `ibrj ki tlpj dk prjcksljhbi quk kh ib b`tubildbd sk hk`ksltb y quk ib [TH kstâ kh `jhdl`ljhkss dk cjrebr. `jhdl`ljhk Ib ìpj`b b`tubi rkqulkrk kh ki keprksbs, dksbrrjiij dk prjcksljhbiks kh dlstlhtjs âenltjs7 j`upbhdj `brojs okrkh`lbiks ildkrbhdj sus prjpljs keprkhdlelkhtjs pbrtl`uibrks, j`upbhdj `brojs dj`khtks j dlrk`tlvjs kh kstbnik`lelkhtjs kdu`btlvjs, dksbrrjiibhdjj tbrkbs dk lhvkstlob`l dksbrrjiibhd lhvkstlob`lðh ðh kh ibnjrbtjrljs j lhstltutjs, kt`. Kstjs prjcksljhbiks dknkh kstbr prkpbrbdjs pbrb bdbptbrsk b uh euhdj djhdk ijs `benljs sjh `bdb vkz ebs b`kikrbdjs, ib sj`lkdbd y ki âenltj ibnjrbi sjh eâs `jepikgjs y sk hk`ksltbh kspk`lbilstbs kh dlstlhtbs dls`lpilhbs, cjrebdjs râpldbekhtk b trbvìs dki pjstorbdj y `jh ib `bpb`ldbd dk rk`jhvkrtlr sus `jhj`lelkhtjs. Kstbs `lr`uhstbh`lbs kxlokh uh kscukrzj lepjrtbhtk dksdk ki puhtj dk vlstb pkdboðol`j, yb quk ijs dj`khtks dknkejs pkhsbr kh tìrelhjs dk `bildbd y hj dk `bhtldbd pbrb ib cjreb`lðh dk ijs kdu`bhdjs. Dknkejs bnbhdjhbr ib cjreb`lðh kh `jhj`lelkhtjs kh`l`ijpkdlstbs kh`l`ijpkdlstbs y prkpbrbr b hukstrjs biuehjs pbrb dksbrrjiibr `rltkrljs tì`hl`js rbzjhbniks, ebhkgbr ib orbh `bhtldbd dlspjhlnik `jh ciuldkz, y tjebr prjhtbs y cuhdbekhtbiks dk`lsljhks. Ki hukvj dlskòj `urrl`uibr dk lhokhlkråb dk ib [TH bpuhtb b kstjs jngktlvjs b`jrtbhdj ib `brrkrb b `lh`j bòjs, lepikekhtbhdj uhb cukrtk cjreb`lðh nâsl`b pbrb cb`liltbr ib rk`jhvkrslðh cuturb, lhstruekhtbhdj bdk`ubdbekhtk ki trjh`j lhtkorbdjr `jh `jhj`lelkhtjs prâ`tl`js y kstbnik`lkhdj uh slstkeb lepjrtbhtk dk cjreb`lðh dk pjstorbdj, ij quk pkreltk uhb sbildb ibnjrbi y uhb bdbptb`lðh eâs râpldb b ibs `jhdl`ljhkss dk trbnbgj dki prjcksljhbi. `jhdl`ljhk
Dk ib Bslohbturb7
Iikvbhdj ijs ilhkbelkhtjs okhkrbiks dki hukvj dlskòj bi ârkb kik`trl`ldbd, ib bslohbturb KIK@T^JTK@HLB sk kh`ukhtrb7 •
Nbsbdb kh `j `jhj`lelkhtjs hj`lelkhtjs dk ebtkeâtl`b, kik`trl`ld kik`trl`ldbd, bd, eboh ebohktlsej ktlsej y rks rksjiu`lðh jiu`lðh dk `lr`ultjs prjvkhlkhtks dk Cåsl`b LL y Bhâilsls Ebtkeâtl`j LL dki hlvki bhtkrljr.
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Ks uhb bslohbturb dk cjreb`lð cjreb`lðh, h, kstbnik`k ibs nbsk nbskss dk `jh `jhj`lelkhtj j`lelkhtj y `âi`ui `âi`uijj pbrb bslohbturb dk hlvkiks supkrljrks7
EBR[LHBP KIK@T^L@BP B^KB KIÌ@T^L@B
EKDL@LJHKP KIK@T^L@BP ^KDKP DK DLPT^LN[@LJH K LHPTBIB@LJHKP KIK@T^L@BP @KHT^BIKP \ PLPTKEBP DK T^BHPELPLJH
Vâolhb 00 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
KIK@T^JHL@B LHD[PT^LBI B^KB KIK@T^JHL@B B[TJEBTLWB@LJH \ @JHT^JI LHD[PT^LBI
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Ib rkib`l rkib`lðh ðh vkrtl`b vkrtl`bii `jh @JHJ@LELKHTJP DK EBTK^LBIKP sðij sðij kxl kxlstk stk kh `brb`tkråstl`bs cåsl`bs dk bio÷h kikekhtj, pjr kgkepij7 @jnrk.
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Ib rki rkib`lðh b`lðh mjrlzjhtbi `jh ib llhtkorbdjrb htkorbdjrb LHOKHLK^LB KI KIK@T^JEK@BHL@B K@T^JEK@BHL@B LLL sðij kxlstk `ubhdj kh ìstb sk trbtbh prjnikebs nâsl`js dk ib Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b.
Vjr kxpkrlkh`lbs dk `ursjs pbsbdjs, durbhtk ki dl`tbdj dk ibs `ibsks sk hjtb `ibrbekhtk ib cb`lildbd dk lhtkrprktb`lðh quk tlkhkh ijs biuehjs quk yb bslelibrjh ibs ebtkrlbs `jrrkibtlvbs bhtkrljrks, dk ijs tkebs tbiks `jej bhâilsls dk `lr`ultjs ebohìtl`js y sus ikyks, rksjiu`lðh dk ebiibs y hudjs y biouhbs ikyks cuhdbekhtbiks dk ib kik`trl`ldbd, ij `ubi lhdl`b uhb bdk`ubdb `jrrkib`lðh dk tkebs.
Vâolhb 04 dk 0;
Lhokhlkråb Kik`trjek`âhl`b Kik`trjtk`hlb
Dlborbeb dk bpjrtks dk `jhj`lelkhtjs dk bslohbturbs dki ârkb Kiì`trl`b y Kik`trðhl`b
BHBILPLP EBTKEBTL@J LL > · HLSKI CLPL@B LL >dj. HLSKI @JHJ@LEL @JHJ @LELKHTJP KHTJP DKEBTK^LBI EBTK^LBIKP KP > · HLSKI KIK@T^JTK@HLB 0 · HLSKI B^KB7 KIK@T^L@LDBD 3ms. skebhbiks @bht. skebhbs7 0> Mjrbs bhubiks7 2 ^kolekh dk `ursbdj7bhubi
LHOKHLK^LB KIK@T^JEK@BHL@B LLL LHTKO^BDJ^B - 0 · HLSKI EBR[LHBP KIK@T^L@BP 4 · HLSKI EKDLDBP KIK@T^L@BP 4 · HLSKI ^KDKP DK DLPT^LN[@LJH K LHPTBIB@LJHKP KIK@T^L@BP LHTKO^BDJ^B - ; · HLSKI @KHT^BIKP \ PLPTKEBP DK T^BHPELPLJH ; · HLSKI KIK@T^JHL@B KIK@T^ JHL@B LHD[PT^ HD[PT^LLBI 4 · HLSKI B[TJEBTLWB@LJH \ @JHT^JI LHD[PT^LBI ; · HLSKI
Vâolhb 0; dk 0;
