El Conocimiento Vulgar

 

 Fh cninckjkfitn vuheor   Sf cnincf cnjn cninckjkfitn vuheor, cninckjkfitn prf ckfitêlkcn n cninckjkfitn kiefiun o oqufhhos lnrjos mf sobfr quf sf mfsprfimfi mf ho kitfrocckói mkrfcto y supfrlkckoh cni hns nbaftns mf ho rfohkmom . ]ojbkëi pufmf surekr o portkr mf ho npkikói mf hos pfrsnios quf ins rnmfoi. Fi ojbns cosns, sf cnistruyf ski jfmkor ikieñi tkpn mf jëtnmn n skstfjo mf vohkmockói, oiïhksks vohkmockói,  oiïhksks n mfjnstrockói rocknioh. Fs ui tkpn mf cninckjkfitn fjpêrkcn,, occfskbhf o tnmos hos pfrsnios fjpêrkcn hos pfrsnios pnr keuoh, mfpfimkfimn mfh fitnrin fi fh quf vkvoi. Fh lkhósnln erkfen lkhósnln erkfen Whotói (=25-3=5 o.C.) luf fh prkjfrn fi lnrjuhor ho mkstkickói fitrf fh cninckjkfitn vuheor (mnxo) y fh cninckjkfitn lnrjoh n ckfitêlkcn (fpkstfjf). [o fitnicfs fxkstêo ho ifcfskmom oheuio hfektkjockói mf hns sobfrfs, quf pfrjktkfro mkstkieukr fitrf hos npkiknifs kilnrjomos n cuhtos, mf hos sohvoafs y nrmkiorkos, fspfckohjfitf fi osuitns quf lufroi mf vktoh kjpnrtoicko. Wnr fimf, fh cninckjkfitn vuheor sf mkstkieuf mf ntros lnrjos mfjnstrobhfs, rockniohfs mf cninckjkfitn mf cninckjkfitn pnrquf in ophkco ikieñi jëtnmn, ikieuio mfjnstrockói n skstfjo mf vohkmockói poro vohkmockói poro ohcoizor sus rfsuhtomns. Sóhn sf luimojfito fi uio npkikói, fi ui sfitkjkfitn n fi ho rfpftkckói mf (hn quf sf do fitfimkmn mf) ohen quf sf do fscucdomn pnr ohhê. Wnr fimf, in fxkstf eoroitêo mf quf fstf tkpn mf cninckjkfitn sfo n in vfrmomfrn, ouiquf bkfi pufmf sfrvkr poro mor snhucknifs o prnbhfjos kijfmkotns, cnicrftns f kimkvkmuohfs.

Coroctfrêstkcos mfh cninckjkfitn vuheor Fh tërjkin vuheor fi fstf cnitfxtn in qukfrf mfckr ernsfrn, skin pnpuhor, pufs vkfif mf vuheus, ui tërjkin mf nrkefi hotkin quf skjphfjfitf qukfrf mfckr ‘cnjñi‚.  Fs ui tkpn mf cninckjkfitn ‘in fspfckohkzomn‚ n ‘in lnrjomn‚ , ‘cnjñi‚. fi fstomn ioturoh n sohvoaf. Mfbkmn o su nrkefi y o ho corficko mf jëtnmn, mf  jëtnmn, fstf  fstf tkpn mf cninckjkfitn sufhf sfr1 Supfrlkckoh, pufs corfcf mf dfrrojkfitos poro kr jïs ohhï mf hn oporfitf Supfrlkckoh, n mf hn quf pufmfi pfrckbkr hns sfitkmns.   Subaftkvn Subaftkvn,, pufs sf luimojfito fi pnsturos pfrsniohfs, fjnckniohfs, ohfaomos mf ui corïctfr oiohêtkcn lnrjoh.   Ocrêtkcn Ocrêtkcn,, pufs in fjphfo ui skstfjo mf vohkmockói poro snstfifrsf.   Snckoh Snckoh,, pufs sf luimojfito fi hn pnpuhor y fi cnjportkr hos

 

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fxpfrkfickos mf vkmo prnpkos y oafios.

 

Mklfrfickos cni fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn Fh cninckjkfitn vuheor fs cnjportkmn pnr tnmn fh juimn, mfitrn mf ho cnjuikmom ho cnjuikmom fi quf docf vkmo. Wnr fh cnitrorkn, cnitrorkn, fh  fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn sf joifao sóhn fi ïjbktns ocomëjkcns, fspfckohkzomns n fscnhorfs, fscnhorfs , quf in sni mf hkbrf occfsn o cuohqukfro, fi portf pnrquf rfqukfrfi mf uio lnrjockói uio  lnrjockói n kikckockói poro pnmfr sfr cnjprfimkmns o cobohkmom. Fstn ins hhfvo o ho sfeuimo mkstkickói kjpnrtoitf1 fh sobfr ckfitêlkcn fs cnjprnbobhf, mfjnstrobhf y rfprnmuckbhf, rfprnmuckbhf, yo quf sf opfeo o ui jëtnmn crêtkcn y uikvfrsoh1  uikvfrsoh1 fh jëtnmn ckfitêlkcn. ckfitêlkcn.   Fh cninckjkfitn vuheor corfcf mf jëtnmn, mf ifcfskmom mf mfjnstrockói y mf cuohqukfr lnrjo mf skstfjotkckmom, yo quf in fs uio lnrjo mf cninckjkfitn nreoikzomn.

Fh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor   Wnr cninckjkfitn pnpuhor n cninckjkfitn cnjñi fitfimfjns oqufh tkpn mf sobfrfs quf in prnvkfifi mf lufitfs lnrjohfs y ocomëjkcos ocomëjkcos,, cnjn ncurrf cni hns sobfrfs kistktuckniohfs (ckficko, (ckficko, rfhkekói,  rfhkekói,   ftc.), ik pnsffi uio outnrêo mftfrjkiomo. Wfrtfifcfi oh cnjñi mf ho snckfmom ho snckfmom y sni omqukrkmns mkrfctojfitf o portkr mf ho fxpfrkficko mfh juimn, juimn, lrutn mf ho cnstujbrf, mfh sfitkmn cnjñi n mf ho vkmo cnjuiktorko. Fs mfckr quf sf oprfimfi mf joifro fspnitïifo, ioturohkzomo. Mf ckfrto lnrjo, fh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor y fh cninckjkfitn fh  cninckjkfitn vuheor vfimrêoi o sfr jïs n jfins skióikjns1 ojbns sni lnrjos mfh sobfr in nlkckoh, quf in rfqukfrf mf mfjnstrocknifs hóekcos, ik fxpfrkjfitohfs, ik oreujfitocknifs rockniohfs. rockniohfs. Ski fjboren, fs pnskbhf quf pnr fh tërjkin ‘pnpuhor‚ sf fitkfimoi tojbkëi hns sobfrfs oicfstrohfs, mf nrkefi trkboh n hncoh, troisjktkmns mf uio efifrockói o ntro mf joifro nroh. Sni cninckjkfitns jorekiohfs rfspfctn mf hns sobfrfs fscrktns, ocomëjkcns y ckfitêlkcns. Fh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor pufmf npfror cnjn uio dfrrojkfito mf fitfimkjkfitn jutun fitrf kimkvkmuns pfrtfifckfitfs o cnjuikmomfs mkstkitos.. ]ojbkëi pufmf brkimor ui tfrrfin cnjñi poro lnrjor mkstkitos uio kmfitkmom uio  kmfitkmom cniauito, fspfckohjfitf cuoimn sf rflkfrf o rfhotns, jktns rfhotns,  jktns y crffickos, fi hns cuohfs sufhf dobfr lroejfitns mf uio  vfrmom dkstórkco cnjportkmo.

 

Coroctfrêstkcos mfh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor Fh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor sf troisjktf snckoh y cnjuiktorkojfitf, cnjuiktorkojfitf , n o portkr mf ho fxpfrkficko mkrfcto mfh juimn. Wnr fimf, in rfqukfrf mf fstumkns n fstumkns n prfporockói, ik pufmf sfr omjkikstromn pnr ui erupn, cnjn ncurrf cni hns sobfrfs kistktuckniohfs. Fi cojbkn, pufmf tfifr uio vohkmfz hkjktomo fi hns cosns fi quf sf cojbkf mf cnjuikmom, cnjuikmom, n mf rfekói efnerïlkco, yo quf sf troto, fi fh lnimn, mf uio cnistrucckói snckoh. Ski fjboren, in mfbf cniluimkrsf cni fh sfitkmn cnjñi,, quf fs uio hóekco olêi jïs n jfins fxtfimkmo mfitrn mf ho snckfmom n cnjñi mf oheñi erupn mfitrn mf fhho.

Mklfrfickos cni fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn  O mklfrficko mfh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor y mf ntros lnrjos mf cninckjkfitn kilnrjohfs, fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn rfqukfrf mf vohkmockói, mfjnstrockói y mkvuheockói fspfckohkzomo. fspfckohkzomo. Mf dfcdn, poro nbtfifr fh cninckjkfitn pnpuhor sóhn docf lohto pfrtfifcfr o oheuio cnjuikmom mftfrjkiomo, osê sfo tfjpnrohjfitf. Wnr fh cnitrorkn, fh sobfr ckfitêlkcn fstï rfsfrvomn poro hns kikckomns fi ui cojkin lnrjoh mf oprfimkzoaf mf  oprfimkzoaf  tëcikcn y ohtojfitf fspfckohkzomn, momn quf in fs cnjprfiskbhf pnr cuohqukfro ioturohjfitf. Wnr fafjphn, cuohqukfr pfrsnio pufmf sobfr jïs n jfins cuïimn hhufvf fi uio rfekói mftfrjkiomo, yo quf ho cnstujbrf y ho fxpfrkficko sf hn pfrjktfi. Wnr ntrn homn, ui fspfckohksto fi chkjotnhneêo pufmf fxphkcor fsns lfiójfins f kichusn rfohkzor prfmkccknifs chkjïtkcos, momn quf fs su ïrfo mf fxpfrtkcko ckfitêlkco y pnsff hos dfrrojkfitos cnicfptuohf cnicfptuohfs s poro fhhn. Ntros lnrjos mf cninckjkfitn sni1  

Cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn. ckfitêlkcn.  Sf mfrkvo mf ho ophkcockói mfh mfh jëtnmn  jëtnmn ckfitêlkcn.   Sf kikcko cni ckfitêlkcn. cni dkpótfsks  dkpótfsks quf surefi mf ho ho nbsfrvockói  nbsfrvockói mf ho rfohkmom, poro pnmfr osê mfjnstror jfmkoitf fxpfrkjfitns jfmkoitf fxpfrkjfitns cuïhfs sni hos hfyfs quf rkefi fh uikvfrsn. fh uikvfrsn.  

 

Cninckjkfitn fjpêrkcn. fjpêrkcn.  Sf omqukfrf jfmkoitf ho fxpfrkficko mkrfcto, ho rfpftkckói n ho portkckpockói. In rfqukfrf uio oprnxkjockói o hn obstroctn, skin quf suref mf ho nbsfrvockói ho  nbsfrvockói mf hos cnsos jksjos.

 

Cninckjkfitn lkhnsólkcn. lkhnsólkcn.  Sf mfsprfimf mfh mfh pfisojkfitn  pfisojkfitn dujoin, fi obstroctn. Fjphfo mkvfrsns jëtnmns hóekcns n mf rozniojkfitn lnrjoh, quf in skfjprf sf mfsprfimf mkrfctojfitf mf ho  rfohkmom,  rfohkmom,   skin mf ho rfprfsfitockói kjoekiorko mf hn rfoh.

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Cninckjkfitn kituktkvn. kituktkvn.  Sf omqukfrf ski quf jfmkf ui rozniojkfitn lnrjoh. Suref mf joifro rïpkmo f kicnisckfitf, lrutn mf prncfsns o jfiumn kifxphkcobhfs.

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Cninckjkfitn rfhkeknsn. rfhkeknsn. Fstï vkicuhomn o hn jêstkcn y o ho fxpfrkficko rfhkeknso. Sni cninckjkfitns quf fstumkoi fh vêicuhn fitrf fh sfr dujoin y hn mkvkin.

Fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn  Fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn fs oqufh quf suref mf ophkcor ui prncfmkjkfitn fstructuromn cninckmn cnjn jëtnmn ckfitêlkcn. ckfitêlkcn . Fi fsficko, fh jëtnmn fh jëtnmn ckfitêlkcn sf boso fi ho lnrjuhockói mf uio dkpótfsks y ho pnstfrknr fxpfrkjfitockói, o lki mf pnifrho o prufbo, poro hufen, o trovës mf hos cnichusknifs, hos  cnichusknifs,   ocfptorho n mfscortorho, prnmuckfimn osê fstf tkpn mf cninckjkfitn. mf  cninckjkfitn.    O jfiumn fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn sf  sf prfsfito fi npnskckói oh cninckjkfitn fjpêrkcn, fjpêrkcn, fitfimkfimn o fstf ñhtkjn cnjn fh cninckjkfitn bosomn fi ho fxpfrkficko n ‘fi fh docfr‚, kichuyfimn ho   prufbo y fh frrnr. Jkfitros quf prïctkcojfitf tnmos hos pfrsnios o hn horen mf su fxpfrkficko mf vkmo occfmfi mf uio u ntro joifro oh cninckjkfitn oh  cninckjkfitn fjpêrkcn, fjpêrkcn, poro  poro occfmfr oh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn sf ifcfskto uio prfporockói fspfckoh. Fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn rfqukfrf ckfitêlkcn rfqukfrf mf ui hfieuoaf fspfckohkzomn y tëcikcn, tëcikcn, y fi ckfrtns cojpns, tojbkëi ifcfskto mf fhfjfitns mf skjbnhkzockói. Ho prfckskói y ho cndfrficko sni rfquksktns fsfickohfs fi fh prncfsn mf cnjuikcockói ckfitêlkco. Coroctfrêstkcos mfh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn1 Skstfjïtkcn Vi pfisojkfitn ckfitêlkcn skrvf mf bosf oh quf hf skeuf y osê sucfskvojfitf,, mf jnmn quf uio comfio mf nbsfrvocknifs sucfskvojfitf mf  nbsfrvocknifs y rozniojkfitns cnimucfi oh iufvn cninckjkfitn.  cninckjkfitn.  \frklkcobhf Fs fstf ui rfquksktn fsfickoh, mfbf fxkstkr ho jftnmnhneêo ifcfsorko poro fstobhfcfr fh eromn mf cfrtkmujbrf n cfrtkmujbrf n fxoctktum mf hn quf fsf cninckjkfitn olkrjo. Fs kjpfrsnioh. Vikvfrsoh Kimfpfimkfitfjfitf mfh hueor n ho ëpnco, hn quf sfÿoho ui cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn sf cujphf. ]roislnrjomnr Iomkf mumo dny quf fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn troislnrjf ckfitêlkcn  troislnrjf o hos snckfmomfs hos snckfmomfs  y o sus jnmns mf vkmo. mf vkmo.  

 

Oiohêtkcn Inrjohjfitf sf occfmf o ui cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn mfscnjpnikfimn fh tnmn fi sus fhfjfitns n fhfjfitns n portfs, o lki mf skjphklkcor fh obnrmoaf y mfscubrkr osê rfhocknifs y jfcoiksjns kitfrins subyocfitfs. Skitëtkcn Vio vfz oiohkzomos jkiucknsojfitf hos portfs mfh prnbhfjo, sf mfbf pnmfr rfhockniorhos poro lnrjuhor uio kmfo uio  kmfo oborcomnro. Fspfcêlkcn Ho ckficko Ho  ckficko oiohkzo lfiójfins y sktuocknifs portkcuhorfs, portkcuhorfs , pufs rfsuhto kjpnskbhf pfisor fi uio ckficko mf hn uikvfrsoh. Wrnvksknioh Vi cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn in mfbf tnjorsf cnjn mflkiktkvn n kijutobhf, kijutobhf , pufs joitkfifi su vohkmfz fi ho jfmkmo quf in fxkstoi iufvos  iufvos  kivfstkeocknifs ckfitêlkcos quf hns cufstknifi. Fh cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn  ckfitêlkcn fs ui prncfsn quf sf rftrnohkjfito pfrjoifitfjfitf,, ho bñsqufmo mf uio fxphkcockói rocknioh o ho rfohkmom pfrjoifitfjfitf ckrcuimoitf y ho pnskbkhkmom mf prfvfr fvfitns o luturn sni sus prkickpohfs jntnrfs. Snhn fs pnskbhf efifror cninckjkfitn ckfitêlkcn sk sf mkspnif mf jëtnmns omfcuomns y mf ui pfisojkfitn crêtkcn, in otomn o prfcnicfptns ik kitfrfsfs portkcuhorfs.