Ejemplos de Corrosión en La Vida Diaria

 

Ldlip`ms al fmrrmscöb lb `h vcah achrch @hvhamrh hutmièfh Fuhbam hphrlfl `h fmrrmscöb lb mfhscmbls ls bmtmrcm plrm lb l` fhsm al `h `hvhamrh hutmièfh bms ahims fulbth al qul puaclrh ghklr ub prmk`lih al fmrrmscöb fuhbam ghfl h`nubms rucams lxtrhøms. H` ghflr ubh rlvcscöb y vhfchr l` thikmr, bms pmalims lbfmbtrhr fmb `h smrprlsh al qul lbl ubh osurh. Bm ghkéh rhstrm al glrruikrl sö`m rucams lxtrhøms.

L` thikmr, h plshr al slr al hflrm cbmxcahk`l, pulal ``lnhr h surcr ub fclrtm pm al fmrrmscöb, f mrrmscöb, fmbmfcam pmr `ms lsplfch`csths fmim fmrrmscöb osurhbtl, pmr l` ahøm prmvmfham.

Lstl pm al fmrrmscöb, iuy `mfh`czhah lb ubh altlricbhah zmbh al` thikmr al `h `hvhamrh, ls lsplfch`ilbtl cbscacmsh y prlmfuphbtl pmrqul ubm bm sl ah fulbth al su lxcstlbfch scbm fuhbam sl prmaufl `h h``h. 8

Fmbstruffcmbls al fmbfrltm Lb `hs fmbstruffcmbls al fmbfrltm fmim `m smb `ms pulbtls pmalims mkslrvhr `ms llftms al `h fmrrmscöb pmr `h hphrcfcöb al ihbfghs al glrruikrl lb `h suplrofcl al `h lstrufturh. Mtrms ldlip`ms pulalb slr ub lsthfcmbhiclbtm suktlrrèblm, ub pulbtl m lb `ms pmstls al `hs `éblhs al acstrckufcöb al fmrrclbtl l`ãftrcfh. Lsths lstrufturhs lstèb rlmrzhahs cbtlrcmrilbtl fmb vhrc``hs al hflrm, `hs fuh`ls sl fukrlb al fmbfrltm.

L` fmbfrltm ls ubh ilzf`h `h fuh` pmr su h`tm vh`mr al pG ls fmiphk`l fmb l` hflrm. L` icsim fmbfrltm lb sus fhrhftlrésfhs lbl pmrmscahals pmr `hs fuh`ls l` mxénlbm y l` hnuh al` hikclbtl lxtlrbm pulalb cbo`trhrsl cbcfchbam hsé `h fmrrmscöb al `h lstrufturh. Fuhbam `h lstrufturh al fmbfrltm lstè lb fmbthftm rlfulbtl fmb hnuh qul fmbtlbnh cmbls al f`mrurm (hnuh al ihr), h trhvãs al `h prmpch pmrmscaha al` fmbfrltm pulal ``lnhr h `hs vhrc``hs al hflrm .@h glrruikrl qul sl vh mrihbam fmim rlsu`tham al` prmflsm al fmrrmscöb lb l` hflrm, hfl rm, pmr ubh phrtl acsicbuyl `h slffcöb mrcncbh` al `h vhrc``h, y pmr mtrh, ghfl plralr `h haglrlbfch cbcfch` alslhah lbtrl l` hflrm y l` fmbfrltm.

H` fmbbuhr l` prmflsm al fmrrmscöb sl mkslrvhb nrclths lb l` fmbfrltm y pmstlrcmrilbtl hphrlflb ihbfghs lb `h suplrofcl. Bm sm`m suflal lb `ms hikclbtls flrfhbms h` ihr pmr `h sh` al` hnuh al ihr, thikcãb lb `hs fcuahals cbaustrch`czhahs h fhush al` acöxcam al hzurl m hbgéarcam su`urmsm, prmvlbclbtl al cbaustrchs qul qulihb nhsö`lm y lsfhpls al `ms hutms lbtrl mtrms.8

Lbvhsls iltè`cfms phrh fmbslrvhs

 

Lb `hs `hths al fmbslrvh h` nuhrahr`hs pmr ub `hrnm plrcmam al lipm pmalims mkslrvhr qul lstèb hkmikhahs y su krc``m iltè`cfm h fhikcham pmr ubh hphrclbfch mphfh al `h suplrofcl.

Lsth almrihfcöb hkmikhah ls alkcah h `h hfuiu`hfcöb al nhs gcarönlbm y ls ubh ihbclsthfcöb lxtrlih al `h fmrrmscöb. Cbacfh qul gh tlricbham `h vcah ô` al `h fmbslrvh.

@ms ihtlrch`ls al usm iès rlfulbtl phrh `h hkrcfhfcöb al `ms lbvhsls smb l` h`uicbcm, `h gmdh`hth y `h fghph frmihah, sc kclb `h gmdh`hth scnul sclbam l` ihtlrch` al ihymr u`czhfcöb.

@h fmrrmscöb al `h gmdh`hth pmr `ms h`cilbtms lbvhshams ls ub prmflsm l`lftrmquéicfm alkcam h `h lstrufturh al` ihtlrch` qul lbl vhrchs fhphs, qul h su vlz lb fmbthftm fmb l` h`cilbtm qul ubfcmbh fmim l`lftrm`ctm mrihb ubh pc`h nh`vèbcfh. \bh fmbtrckufcöb hacfcmbh` al `h fmrrmscöb h lstl scstlih ls `h fmsturh al `h sm`ahaurh.8

Zrmtlffcöb fmbtrh `h fmrrmscöb Acsløm L` acsløm al `hs lstrufturhs pulal phrlflr al pmfh cipmrthbfch, plrm pulal slr sl r cip`lilbtham phrh hcs`hr `hs suplrofcls al` ilacm hikclbtl.

@ms rlfukrciclbtms Lstms smb ushams phrh hcs`hr `hs rlncmbls scböacfhs y fhtö`cfhs l cipcalb `h acuscöb al` mxénlbm m al` vhpmr al hnuh, `ms fuh`ls smb ubh nrhb ulbtl qul cbcfch `h fmrrmscöb m `h mxcahfcöb. @h mxcahfcöb sl ah lb `unhrls gôilams plrm ghy iãtmams phrh qul l` ilth` bm sl mxcal, pmr ldlip`m4 `h fhph al pcbturh.

L`lffcöb al` ihtlrch` @h prcilrh calh ls lsfmnlr tmam ub ihtlrch` qul bm sl fmrrmh lb l` hikclbtl fmbscalrham. Vl pulalb u`czhr hflrms cbmxcahk`ls, h`uicbcms, flrèicfhs, pm`éilrms (p`èsfms), O[Z, ltf. @h l`lffcöb thikcãb alkl tmihr lb fulbth `hs rlstrcffcmbls al `h hp`cfhfcöb (ihsh al `h pclzh, rlscstlbfch h `h almrihfcöb, h` fh`mr, fhphfcaha al fmbaufcr `h l`lftrcfcaha, ltf.).

Fhkl rlfmrahr qul bm lxcstlb ihtlrch`ls hksm`uthilbtl cbmxcahk`ls5 ghsth l` h`uicbcm sl pulal fmrrmlr.

 

Lb `h fmbflpfcöb, ghy qul lvcthr `hs zmbhs al fmbobhiclbtm, `ms fmbthftms lbtrl ihtlrch`ls aclrlbtls y `hs gltlrmnlblcahals lb nlblrh`.

Ghy qul prlvlr thikcãb `h cipmrthbfch al `h fmrrmscöb y l` lipm lb l` qul ghkrè qul fhikchr `h pclzh (ihbtlbciclbtm prlvlbvm).

Amicbcm al` hikclbtl Fuhbam sl trhkhdh lb ub hikclbtl flrrham (pmr ldlip`m, ub fcrfuctm f crfuctm flrrham al hnuh), sl pulalb amicbhr `ms phrèiltrms qul cbuylb lb `h fmrrmscöb5 fmipmscfcöb quéicfh (phrfu`hrilbtl `h hfcalz), tliplrhturh, prlscöb... Vl pulal hnrlnhr prmauftms ``hihams "cbgckcamrls al fmrrmscöb". \b cbgckcamr al fmrrmscöb ls ubh susthbfch qul, høhacah h ub altlricbham ilacm, rlaufl al ihblrh scnbcofhvh `h vl`mfcaha al fmrrmscöb. f mrrmscöb. @hs susthbfchs u`czhahs alplbalb thbtm al` ilth` h prmtlnlr fmim al` ilacm, y ub cbgckcamr qul ubfcmbh kclb lb ub altlricbham scstlih pulal cbf`usm hfl`lrhr `h fmrrmscöb lb mtrm scstlih.

Cbgckcamrls al `h fmrrmscöb Ls l` trhs`ham al `ms prmauftms scfms qul sl hnrlnhb h ubh sm`ufcöb l`lftrm`éfh ghfch `h suplrofcl al` èbmam m al` fètmam, `m fuh` prmaufl pm`hrczhfcöb.

@ms cbgckcamrls al fmrrmscöb smb prmauftms qul hftôhb, yh slh mrihbam pl`éfu`hs smkrl `h suplrofcl iltè`cfh, th`ls fmim `ms im`ckahtms, mshtms m lthbm`hicbhs, yh slh l lbtrlnhbam btrlnhbam sus l`lftrmbls h` ilacm. Zmr `m nlblrh` `ms cbgckcamrls al lstl pm smb hzm`ls imacofhams, qul hftôhb scbãrncfhilbtl fmb mtrms cbgckcamrls th`ls fmim bctrctms, mshtms y sc`cfhtms. @h quéicfh al `ms cbgckcamrls bm lstè al` tmam alshrrm``hah hôb. Vu usm ls lb l` fhipm al `ms scstlihs al lbrchiclbtm m acscphamrls al fh`mr th`ls fmim `ms rhachamrls, tmrrls al lbrchiclbtm, fh`alrhs y "fgc``lrs". L` usm al `hs lthbm`hicbhs ls pcfm lb `ms h`nubms fmikusk`ls phrh prmtlnlr `ms scstlihs al fmbtlbfcöb (fmim tuklréhs y thbquls). Vl ghb rlh`czham iufgms trhkhdms hflrfh al cbgckcamrls al fmrrmscöb fmim h`tlrbhvhs vchk`ls phrh rlaufcr `h vl`mfcaha al `h fmrrmscöb lb `h cbaustrch. Lxtlbsms lstuacms smkrl CF y smkrl hftmrls qul nmkclrbhb su lofclbfch sl ghb rlh`czham aurhbtl `ms ô`ims ;: høms. @ms fuh`ls vhb alsal `ms iès scip`ls qul ulrmb h prulkh y lrrmr y ghsth `ms iès imalrbms `ms fuh`ls prmpmblb `h sl`lffcöb al` cbgckcamr pmr ilacm al fè`fu`ms tlörcfms.

Iãtmams prlvlbvms al prmtlffcöb