Ejemplo Analisis Fallas Asimetricas

 ANÁLISIS DE FALLAS ASIMÉTRICAS USANDO COMPONENTES DE SECUENCIA Referencia: Capítulo 11 11 (Grainger, (Grainger, Stevenson)

Jesús Baez

Octubre, 2007

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Cálculo de Voltajes Voltajes y corrientes en condiciones de falla f alla asimétrica en el nodo (f)

1.- Expresar todas todas las cantidades cantidades en por unidad (pu) utilizando utilizando una base común 2.- Construír las redes de secuencia positiva, negativa y cero de acuerdo a la la modelación de los elementos elementos descrita en las siguientes páginas 3.- Obtener la matriz de admitancias Ybus para cada secuencia y mediante inversión obtener la matriz de impedancias Zbus de cada secuencia 4.- Interconectar las redes de secuencia según el tipo de falla (Página 6) 5.-Obtener el equivalente de Thevenin visto entre el nodo donde ocurre la falla y el nodo de referencia para cada una de las redes de secuencia. El voltaje de Thevenin es el voltaje de prefalla y la impedancia equivalente se obtiene de la diagonal principal de la matriz Zbus dependiendo el nodo en donde se presenta la falla ( Zff ) o mediante la reducción de red (combinación de impedancias)

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Cálculo de Voltajes Voltajes y corrientes en condiciones de falla f alla asimétrica en el nodo (f) 7.- Calcular voltajes en el resto de los los nodos y corrientes de los elementos elementos (comp. de secuencia)

«V  j a 0 » « 0 » « Z  jf  0 0 0 » « I  f  ao » ¬  j ¼ ¬  j ¼ ¬ ¼¬ ¼  jf   0 ¼ ¬ I  f  a1 ¼ ¬V  a1 ¼ ! ¬V   pf   ¼  ¬ 0  Z  1 ¬V  j a 2 ¼ ¬- 0 ¼½ ¬ 0 0  Z  jf  2 ¼½ ¬- I  f  a1 ¼½ ½ -

V   s  V   j

 jk   s

 I 

!

 Z elem

k   s

 jk   s

 Nota: En caso de tener transformadores Y- ( o (-Y, -Y, incluír el desfasamiento de +/- 30 grados para las Comp. de secuencia positiva y negativa. Para sec (+), I primario adelanta por 30º a I Secundario, para sec(-) I primario atrasa por 30 grados a I secundario

8.- Transformar corrientes y voltajes voltajes calculados en componentes de secuencia a componentes de fase y convertir valores pu a valores reales (Volts y Amperes)

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GENERADORES

TRANSFORMADORES

Secuencia positiva y negativa Z1=Z2=j Xt

Xt: Reactancia de dispersión (pu) Secuencia cero

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LINEAS

DE TRANSMISION

CARGAS

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Interconexión

de Redes de secuencia para los diferentes tipos de falla

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Cálculo

de Voltajes y corrientes en el nodo de falla

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Ejemplo de análisis de fallas asimétricas eferencia: R eferencia:

³Modern Power System Analysis´ Turan Turan Gonen, John Wiley 1988

((

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((

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WYE-DELT E-DELTA A TRANSFORM T RANSFORMA ATIONS

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Cálculo de Zth mediante combinación de impedancias

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Cálculo de Zth mediante combinación de impedancias

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Cálculo de Zth mediante inversión de matriz Ybus (Este método es más recomendable)

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nea a tierra (R edes de sec. En serie) Falla lí ne

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Análisis de falla línea-tierra en el nodo 3

En el punto de falla (nodo 3)

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