Ecuaciones de Los Coeficientes de Película

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

GOZ]G][]L ULIG]ÇJOGJL OCJGLOCI KZJ[KIC Z[UKPGLP MK GOHKOGKPGC S[ÆFGJC K GOM[Z]PGCZ KR]PCJ]G^CZ

MKUCP]CFKO]L MK GOHKOGKPÆC S[ÆFGJC GOM[Z]PGCI IC@LPC]LPGL MK ]PCOZNKPKOJGC MK JCILP

Urãjtgjc 3‖]J-GO]PL‖ ZKJJGÚO1 C UPLNKZLP1 UKMPL MKIHCML HP[UL1 0G^;; KS[GUL :1 • FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 Zkfkstrk1 03/0 NKJBC1 0:/FCPQL/05 0:/FCPQL/0503 03

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Kjucjgloks mk Ils jlkngjgkotks mk pkiæjuic Ki jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic ks uoc fkmgmc mki niual mk jcilr plr uogmcm mk supkrngjgk y plr uogmcm mk mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrcturc, gomgjc ic rczúo l vkiljgmcm c ic juci ils niug niugml mls, s, qu qukk tgtgko koko ko uo uocc vc vcrg rgkm kmcm cm mk pr prlp lpgk gkmc mcmk mkss næ næsg sgjc jcss y `cal `cal mg mgnk nkrk rkot otks ks jlomgjgloks mk su trcosplrtk, trcosngkrko jcilr. Ki jl jlkng kngjg jgkot kotkk mk pk pkiæj iæjuic uic sk kvciñc kvciñc kxpkr kxpkrgfk gfkotc otcifk ifkotk otk pkr pkrll ol ks prãjtg prãjtgjl jl knkjtucr uo kxpkrgfkotl jcmc vkz quk sk vcyc c trcosnkrgr jcilr mk uo niugml. Ics jlrrkicjgloks uscmcs pcrc ki jãijuil mki jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic sk mktkrfgoco plr ‖Coãigsgs mgfkosgloci‖.

Gotkrjcf`gcmlr mk Ml`ik ]u`l l ]u`ls Jlojçotrgjls

Jlkngjgkotk mk Ukiæjuic Gotkrglr (bg)1 FjJc`k, Zfgtb, Bcrrglt,‖ Jlkngjgkotk Bcrrglt,‖lpkrcjgl lpkrcjgloks oks uogtcrgcs ko gohkogkræc gohkogkræc quæfgjc‖, Fj Hrcw Hrcw Bgi, 8ª Kmgjgúo0558, Kmgjgúo0558, pch. :8;. Ucrc jlovkjjgúo jlovkjjgúo nlrzcmc y Pk 35,555 plr mkotrl mk tu`ls y Ur kotrk 5.8 y 3>5

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 Jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic pcrc jlomkoscjgúo mk vcplr plr ki kxtkrglr mk uo tu`l blrgzlo blrg zlotci tci (bk) (bk),, TFjJ TFjJc`k, c`k, Zfgtb Zfgtb,, Bcrr Bcrrglt, glt,‖lpk ‖lpkrcj rcjglok glokss uogtcrgc uogtcrgcss ko gohkogkr gohkogkræc æc quæfgjc‖, Fj Hrcw Bgi, 8ª Kmgjgúo0558, pch. =3:V1

Gotkrjcf`gcmlr Blrgzlotci mk Jlrczc y Bcz mk ]u`ls

Jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic gotkrglr. Ucrc niual tur`uikotl jlo Pk≫ 355551 Ucrc niual icfgocr y Pk bcstc 35555 jlosuitcr ic jurvc mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr  mki icml mk ils tu`ls (Dkro).  

Ki tçrfgol mk ic rkicjgúo rkicjgúo mk vgsjlsgm vgsjlsgmcmks cmks ol ks fuy gfplrtco gfplrtcotk tk pcrc iæqugmls iæqugmls mk `cac 3.5 vgsjlsgmcm tciks jlfl ki chuc, plr il tcotl ic rkicjgúo mk vgsjlsgmcmks vcik Oltc1 Ucrc kstk jãijuil ics prlpgkmcmks næsgjcs sk kvciñco c tkfpkrcturc fkmgc (tf) mki chuc

Jcijuil mki Jlkngjgkotk mk Ukiæjuic Kxtkrglr 

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Gotkrjcf`gcmlr ^krtgjci mk Jlrczc y Bcz mk ]u`ls

Jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic gotkrglr. Ucrc niual tur`uikotl jlo Pk≫ 355551

Ucrc niual icfgocr y Pk bcstc 35555 jlosuitcr ic jurvc mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr  mki icml mk ils tu`ls (Dkro). Ki tçrfgol mk ic tciks rkicjgjlfl rkicjgúo úo mk ki vgsjlsgm vgsjlsgmcmks ks fuy gfplrtco gfplrtcotk pcrc iæqugmls iæqugmlsvcik mk `cac vgsjlsgmcm chuc, cmks plr ilol tcotl ic rkicjgúo mktkvgsjlsgmcmks 3.5 Oltc1 Ucrc kstk jãijuil ics prlpgkmcmks næsgjcs sk kvciñco c tkfpkrcturc fkmgc (tf) mki chuc

Jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic kxtkrglr.

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Oltc 31 cihuols cutlrks usco uo jlkngjgkotk mk 3.3: ko iuhcr mk 5.7=: plrquk gomgjco quk ils mctls kxpkrgfkotciks mco vcilrks supkrglrks ci jcijuicml jlo ic kjucjgúo cotkrglr. Oltc 01 Ucrc kstk jãijuil, ics prlpgkmcmks næsgjcs sk kvciñco c ic tkfpkrcturc mk pkiæjuic mk jlomkoscml (]n)1

]kfpkrcturc mk pkiæjuic (]n)

Gotkrjcf`gcmlr mk Jcilr mk Jcfgsc Jlknjgkotks mk pkiæjuic gotkrglr y kxtkrglr

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Gotkrjcf`gcmlr mk Jcilr mk Zkrpkotæo

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Pksufko tklræc mki fcouci. Kokrhæc (K)  Ic kokrhæc ks uoc pcrtk gotræoskjc mk ic fctkrgc quk pukmk skr  jlovkrtgmcc pcrc rkcigzcr uo trc`c jlovkrtgm trc`cal. al. Jucoml mkjgfls mkjgfls quk uo l`aktl tgkok kokrhæ kokrhæc, c, sk qugkrk mcr c kotkomkr quk ks jcpcz mk kakrjkr uoc nukrzc sl`rk ltrl l`aktl pcrc rkcigzcr trc`cal sl`rk çi.

Ics mgn Ics mgnkrk krkotk otkss nlrfcs nlrfcs mk ko kokr krhæc hæc puk pukmk mkoo sk skr1 r1 tç tçrfg rfgjc jc,, fkjão fkjãogjc gjc,, jgoçt jgoçtgjc gjc,, pltkojgci, kiçjtrgjc, fchoçtgjc, quæfgjc y oujikcr, y su sufc jlostgtuyk ic kokrhæc tltci (K) mk uo sgstkfc.

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 Ic uogmcm gotkrocjgloci mk kokrhæc ks ki Aluik (A) l ki dgilaluik (da 6 3555 aluik). Ko ki sgstkfc gohiçs ic uogmcm uogmcm mk kokrhæc ks ic [ogmcm ]çrfgjc ]çrfgjc @rgtãogjc (@][ 6 @rgtgsb ]tbkrfci [ogt) Jcilr (S). Ks ic kokrhæc mk trcosgjgúo (flvgfgkotl) mk uo jukrpl l sgstkfc mk`gml c uoc mgnkrkojgc mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrct tkfpkrcturc urc kotr kotrkk ils jukrpls jukrpls l sgstkfcs. Zk kotgkomk kotgkomk pl plr  r  jcilr, c uoc nlrfc mk kokrhæc quk sk fcogngkstc plr ic prkskojgc mk uoc mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrcturc, niuykoml mki jukrpl mk fcylr tkfpkrcturc (jukrpl jcigkotk) ci jukrpl juk rpl mk fk fkolr olr tkf tkfpkrc pkrcturc turc ((jukr jukrpl pl nræl). nræl). ]rks uo uogmc gmcmks mks slo slo ic jcil jcilræc, ræc, ic dgiljcilræc y ic uogmcm tçrfgjc `rgtãogjc (@rgtgsb tkrfci uogt). Niual mk jcilr . Ks uoc nlrfc mk trcosnkrkojgc mk kokrhæc quk sk iikvc c jc`l ñogjcfko ñogj cfkotk tk jl jlfl fl uoc jlos jloskjuk kjukojgc ojgc mk uo uocc mgn mgnkrko krkojgc jgc mmkk tkf tkfpkrc pkrcturc turcs. s. Ic kokrhæc gotkroc mk uoc sustcojgc ks uoc nuojgúo mk su kstcml y plr il hkokrci cufkotc ci cufkotcr su tkfpkrcturc. [oc jcilræc (jci).  Ks ic jjcotg cotgmcm mcm mmkk jci jcilr lr okj okjksc kscrgc rgc ppcrc crc kikvc kikvcrr ko uo uo hrcml hrcml Jkisgus ic tkfpkrcturc mk uo hrcfl mk chuc mk 3=.; ±J c 3;.; ±J. Jcilr ictkotk Jcilr mksprkomgml l c`slr`gml ko uo jcf`gl næsgjl mk ic fctkrgc, sk

fgmk ko djci/dh l ko @][/i`, plr kakfpil1 ko su jcf`gl mki kstcml vcplr c iæqugml, l mk iæqu iæqugm gmll c vc vcpl plr, r, sk kx kxpr prks kscc pl plrr ki oñfk oñfkrl rl mk jc jcil ilræ ræcs cs c`sl c`slr` r`gm gmcs cs l mksprkomgmcs mksprko mgmcs plr hrcfl. hrcfl. Jcotgmcm mmkk jcilr rkqukrgmc rkqukrgmc pcrc ilhrcr ilhrcr ki jcf`gl mk mk kstcml næsgjl mk uoc sustcojgc sgo quk kxgstco vcrgcjgloks ko su tkfpkrcturc. Jcilr ictkotk mk vcplr vcplrgzcjg gzcjgúo úo Ki jcilr ictkotk mk vcplrgzcjgúo mk uoc sustcojgc ks ic jcotgmcm jcotgmcm mk jcilr plr uo uogmcm gmcm mk fcsc qu qukk ks okjkscrgc okjkscrgc pcrc jcf jcf`gcr `gcr ic su sust stco cojg jgcc mk iæiæqu qugm gmll c vc vcpl plrr c ic tkfp tkfpkr krct ctur urcc mk k`ui k`uiigigjg jgúo úo.. Ki jcil jcilrr mk vcplrgzcjgúo vcplrgz cjgúo mki chuc ks mk mk ;=5 jci/h. jci/h. Ks mkjgr, uo hrcfl mk mk chuc c`slr`k c`slr`k ;=5 ;=5 jci mk kokrhæc tçrfgjc ci nlrfcr uo hrcfl mk vcplr mk chuc c 355 ±J. Jcilr ictkotk mk jlomkoscjgúo Jcotgmcm mk jcilr jkmgml plr uo hrcfl mk uo vcplr pcrc trcosnlrfcrsk ko iæqugml c ic tkfpkrcturc mk k`uiigjgúo y prksgúo ctflsnçrgjc, sus uogmcmks slo djci/dh. Urlpgkmcmks Næsgjcs mk ils Niugmls . Jcilrr ksp Jcil kspkj kjæn ængj gjl l (Jp). Ks ic kokrhæc rkqukrgmc pcrc kikvcr ko uo hrcml ic tkfpk tkf pkrct rctur urcc mk uo uocc uo uogmc gmcmm mk fcs fcscc mk uo uocc su sust stcoj cojgc gc ks kspkj pkjæng ængjc, jc, c pr prksg ksgúo úo jlostcotk, sus uogmcmks slo djci/dh-µJ, @][/i`-±N. (pch. 8 Wuous). Jcpcjgmcm jcilrængjc (J). Ic jcpcjgmcm jcilrængjc mk uo jukrpl ks ic rczúo mk ic jcotgmcm mk jcilr sufgogstr sufgogstrcml cml jlo ki jlrrksplomgkotk jlrrksplomgkotk gojrkfkotl mk tkfpkrct tkfpkrcturc urc mki jukrpl. Jcpcjgmcm jcilrængjc kspkjængjc (j). Ic jcpcjgm jcpcjgmcm cm jcilrængjc jcilrængjc kspkjængjc kspkjængjc l jcilr 

kspkjængjl mkmkuouoc fctkrgci ic fcsc. jcotgmcm mk jcilr okjkscrgl pcrc kikvcr uo hrcml ic tkfpkrcturc uogmcmksmk

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 Jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc (d).  Ic jlomujtgvgmc jlomujtgvgmcmm tçrfgjc mk uo fctkrgci fctkrgci sk pukmk mkngogr jlfl ic vkiljgm vkiljgmcm cm mk trcosnkrkojgc trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr c trcvçs mk uo kspkslr uogtcrgl mki fctkrgci fctkrgci plr uog uogmcm mcm mk ãrkc plr uogm uogmcm cm mk mgnkrk mgnkrkojgc ojgc mk tkfp tkfpkrc krcturc turc.. Ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc mk uo fctkrgci ks uoc fkmgmc mk ic jcpcjgmcm mki fctkrgci y/l sustcojgc pcrc jlomujgr jcilr (pch. 05 Wuous), sus uogmcmks slo djci/b-f0±J/f, @][/b-pgk0@][/b-pgk0-±N/pgk. ±N/pgk.

Jcpætuil 3, 0 y : ]PCOZNKPKOJGC MK JCILP W FCZC  Wlous C. Jkohki. Jcpætuil 3

Ic tkrflmgoãfgjc trctc mk ic jcotgmcm mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr c fkmgmc quk uo sgstkfc pcsc plr uo prljksl mk uo kstcml mk kqugig`rgl c ltrl y ol bcjk rknkrkojgc c juãotl murcrã ksk prljksl. Ukrl ko ic gohkogkræc c fkouml kstcfls gotkrkscmls ko ic rcpgmkz l rczúo mk ksc trcosnkrkojgc, trcosnkrkojgc, ic juci jlostgtuyk ki tkfc mk ic jgkojgc mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr. Ic jlomujjgúo ks ic trcosnkrkojgc mk kokrhæc mk ics pcrtæ pc rtæjui juics cs fãs kokrh kokrhçtg çtgjc jcss mk uo uocc sus sustco tcojg jgcc bcjgc bcjgc ics ics cmyc cmycjko jkotks tks,, fkol fkolss kokrhçtgjcs, jlfl rksuitcml mk ic gotkrcjjgúo kotrk kiics. Icyjlovkjjgúo ki flml mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr kotrk uoc supkrngjgk súigmc ki iæqugml lkshcs

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 cmycjkotk quk kstão ko flvgfgkotl, y jlfprkomk ils knkjtls jlf`gocmls mk ic jlomujjgúo y mki flvgfgkotl mki niugml. Ic rcmgcjgúo ks ic kokrhæc kfgtgmc plr ic fctkrgc ko nlrfc mk lomcs kikjtrlfchoçtgjcs (l nltloks), jlfl rksuitcml mk ils jcf`gls ko ics jlonghurcjgloks jlonghurcjgloks kikjtrúogjcs kikjtrúogjcs mk ils ãtlfls l fliçjuics. Zk jgkrrc kstk jcpætuil jlo uoc mgsjusgúo cjkrjc mk ic trcosnkrkojgc sgfuitãokc mk jcilr. Ic trco trcosn snkr krko kojg jgcc mk ko kokr krhæ hæcc sg sgkf kfpr prkk sk pr prlm lmuj ujkk mki mki fkmg fkmgll quk quk tgtgko kokk ic tkfpkrcturc fãs kikvcmc bcjgc ki mk tkfpkrcturc fãs `cac y ksc trcosnkrkojgc sk mktgkok jucoml cf`ls cijcozco ic fgsfc tkfpkrcturc. Ki ikjtlr rkjlrmcrã, plr il quk sc`k mk tkrflmgoãfgjc, quk ic kokrhæc kxgstk ko vcrgcs nlrfcs. Ko kstk tkxtl kstã gotkrkscml sl`rk tlml ko ki jcilr, quk ks ic nlrfc mk ic kokrhæc quk sk pukmk trcosnkrgr mk uo sgstkfc c ltrl jlfl rksuitcml mk ic mgnkrkojgc ko ic tkfpkrcturc. Ic jgkojgc quk trctc mk ic mktkrfgocjgúo mk ics rczúo ks mk ksc trcosnkrkojgc ks ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr. Ki ikjtlr sk pukmk prkhuotcr plr quç okjksgtcfls c`lrmcr  uo kstumgl mktciicml cjkrjc mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr. Ic tkrflmgoãfgjc sk gotkrksc ko ic jcotgmcm mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr c fkmgmc quk uo sgstkfc pcsc plr uo prljksl, mk uo kstcml mk kqugig`rgl c ltrl, y ol gomgjc juãotl tgkfpl trcosju trco sjurrgr rrgrã. ã. [o coã coãigsg igsgss ols mgj mgjkk juãotl juãotl jcil jcilrr mk`k trcosn trcosnkrgr krgrsk sk pcrc quk quk sk rkcigjk uo jcf`gl mk kstcml kspkjængjl jlo ki ngo mk sctgsncjkr ki prgojgpgl mk jloskrvcjgúo mk ic kokrhæc. Ko ic prãjtgjc tgkok fãs gotkrçs ic rczúo mk ic trcosn trc osnkr krkoj kojgc gc mk jc jcilr ilr (t (trco rcosnk snkrko rkojg jgcc mk jcilr jcilr plr plr uogm uogmcm cm mk tgk tgkfp fpl) l) quk quk ic jcotgmcm mk kstk ñitgfl. Ic mktkrfgocjgúo mk ics rczloks mk trcosnkrkojgc mki jcilr  bcjgc uo sgstkfc y mksmk çstk y, plr il tcotl, ils tgkfpls mk konrgcfgkotl l mk jcikotcfgkotl, csæ jlfl mk ic vcrgcjgúo mk ic tkfpkrcturc, slo ki tkfc mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr Ki rkqugsgtl `ãsgjl pcrc ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr ks ic prkskojgc mk uoc mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrcturc. Ol pukmk bc`kr trcosnkrkojgc oktc mk jcilr kotrk mls fkmgls quk kstão c ic fgsfc tkfpkrcturc. Ic mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrcturc ks ic nukrzc gfpuislrc pcrc ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr, prkjgscfkotk jlfl ic mgnkrkojgc mk tkosgloks ic nukrzc gfpuislrc pcrc ki niual mk jlrrgkotk kiçjtrgjc y ic mgnkrkojgc mk prksgúo ks ic nukrzc gfpuislrc pcrc ki niual mk niugmls. Ki kq kqug ugpl pl mk trc trcosn osnkrk krkoj ojgc gc mk jc jcilr ilr jlfl jlfl ils got gotkrj krjcf cf`gc `gcml mlrks rks mk jc jcil ilr, r, ics jcimkrcs, ils jlomkoscmlrks, ils rcmgcmlrks, ils jcikotcmlrks, ils blrols, ils rknrghkrcmlrks rknrghkrc mlrks y ils jlikjtlrks jlikjtlrks slicrks kstã mgskócml mgskócml tlfcoml ko jukotc ki coãigsgs mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr. Ils prl`ikfcs mk kstc jgkojgc quk sk kojukotrco ko ic prãjtgjc sk pukmko jlosgmkrcr ko mls hrupls1 3) mk jcpcjgmcm olfgoci 0) mk mgfkosglocfgkotl. Ils prl`ikfcs mk jcpcjgmcm olfgoci trctco mk ic mktkrfgocjgúo mk ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr pcrc uo sgstkfc kxgstkotk c uoc mgnkrkojgc kspkjængjc mk tkfpkrcturc. tkfpkrctu rc. Ils prl`ikfcs prl`ikfcs mk mgfkosglocfgkotl mgfkosglocfgkotl trctco jlo ic mktkrfgocjgúo mktkrfgocjgúo mki

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 tcfcól mk uo sgstkfc jlo ki ngo mk trcosnkrgr jcilr c uoc rczúo mktkrfgocmc pcrc uoc mgnkrkojgc kspkjængjc mk tkfpkrcturc. Ic kokrhæc pukmk kxgstgr ko oufkrls oufkrlscs cs nlrfcs, jlfl tçrfgjc, fkjãogjc, fkjãogjc, jgoçtgjc, pltkojgci, kiçjtrgjc, fchoçtgjc, quæfgjc y oujikcr, y su sufc jlostgtuyk ic kokrhæc tltci K (l k ko tçrfgols mk uogmcm mk fcsc) mk uo sgstkfc. Ic sufc mk tlmcs ics nlrfcs fgjrlsjúpgjcs mk kokrhæc sk iicfc kokrhæc gotkroc mk uo sgstkfc y sk mkoltc plr [ (l u ko tçrfgols mk uogmcm mk fcsc). Zk pukmk jlosgmkrcr ic kokr ko krhæ hæcc gotk gotkro rocc jl jlfl fl ic su sufc fc mk ics ics ko kokr krhæ hæcs cs jg jgoç oçtgtgjc jc y pltk pltkoj ojgc gcii mk ic icss fliçjuics. Ic pcrtk mk ic kokrhæc gotkroc mk uo sgstkfc quk kstã csljgcmc jlo ic kokrhæc jgoçtgjc mk ics fliçjuics sk jloljk jlfl kokrhæc skosg`ik l jcilr  skosg`ik. Ic vkiljgmcm prlfkmgl y ki hrcml mk cjtgvgmcm mk ics fliçjuics slo prlplrjglociks prlplrj glociks c ic tkfpkrcturc. tkfpkrcturc. Zg sk chrkhc kokrhæc kokrhæc sungjgkotk sungjgkotk c ics fliçjuics mk uo súigml l mk uo iæqugml, vkojkrão vkojkrão kstcs nukrzcs flikjuicrks y, sgfpikfkotk, sk skpcrcrão pcscoml ki sgstkfc c skr hcs. Çstk ks uo prljksl mk jcf`gl mk ncsk y, mk`gml c kstc kokrhæc chrkhcmc, uo sgstkfc ko ncsk hcsklsc sk kojukotrc ko uo ogvki fãs citl mk kokrhæc gotkroc quk sg kstuvgkrc ko ncsk súigmc l iæqugmc. Ic kokrhæc gotkroc csljgcmc jlo ic ncsk mk uo sgstkfc sk iicfc kokrhæc ictkotk l jcilr ictkotk. Ks plsg`ik quk ki ikjtlr rkjukrmk quk uo hcs gmkci sk mkngok jlfl uo hcs quk l`kmkjk ic rkicjgúo U^ 6P] U6 σP]

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Ko mlomk U ks ic prksgúo c`sliutc, v ks ki vliufko kspkjængjl, ] ks ic tkfpkrcturc tkrflmgoãfgjc (l c`sliutc),r ks ic mkosgmcm y P ks ic jlostcotk mk hcs. Ko nlrfc kx kxpk pkrg rgfk fkot otci ci,, sk bc l` l`sk skrv rvcm cmll qu qukk ic rk rkic icjg jgúo úo co cotk tkss mcmc mcmc mk mkii hcs hcs gmkc gmkcii prlplrjgloc uoc cprlxgfcjgúo fuy jkrjcoc ci jlfplrtcfgkotl U-v-] mk ils hcsks rkciks, c `cacs mkosgmcmks Ki jcilr kspkjængjl sk mkngok jlfl ic kokrhæc rkqukrgmc pcrc hrcml kstc ic tkfpkrcturc mk uoc mk uogmcm mk fcsc mk uoc sustcojgc (nghurckikvcr 3-7). ko Kouo hkokrci, kokrhæc mkpkomk ic fcokrc ko quk sk kakjutc ki prljk prljksl. sl. Zu Zukik kik tko tkokrs krskk got gotkrç krçss ko ml mlss tgtgpls pls mk jc jcil ilrks rks kspk kspkjæn jængjl gjls1 s1 ki jc jcilr  ilr  kspkjængjl c vliufko jlostcotk, jv, y ki jcilr kspkjængjl c prksgúo jlostcotk, jp. Ki jcilr kspkjængjl c vliufko jlostcotk, jv, sk pukmk jlojk`gr jlfl ic kokrhæc rkqukrgmc pcrc kikvcr ko uo hrcml ic tkfpkrcturc mk uoc uogmcm mk fcsc mk uoc sustcojgc fgkotrcs ki vliufko sk fcotgkok jlostcotk. Ic kokrhæc rkqukrgmc pcrc bcjkr il fgsfl jucoml ic prksgúo sk fcotgkok jlostcotk ks ki jcilr kspkjængjl c prksgúo jlostcotk, jlostcotk, jp. Ki jcilr kspkjængjl kspkjængjl c prksgúo jlostcotk, jlostcotk, jp, ks fcylr quk jv plrquk, ko kstc jlomgjgúo, sk pkrfgtk quk ki sgstkfc sk kxpcomc y plrquk ic kokrhæc pcrc kstk trc`cal mk kxpcosgúo tcf`gço mk`k sufgogstrcrsk ci sgstkfc. Ils jcf`gls mgnkrkojgciks ko ic kokrhæc gotkroc u y ic kotcipæc b mk uo hcs gmkci sk pukmko kxprkscr ko tçrfgols mk ils jcilrks kspkjængjls jlfl

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 mu6jvm] y mb6jpm]

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Ils jcf`gls ngogtls ko ic kokrhæc gotkroc y ic kotcipæc mk uo hcs gmkci murcotk uo prljksl sk pukmko kxprkscr cprlxgfcmcfkotk uscoml vcilrks mk ils jcilrks kspkjængjls c ic tkfpkrcturc prlfkmgl, jlfl ko mlomk f ks ic fcsc mki sgstkfc. ∎ u6jv , prlf∎ ] y ∎ b6jp , prlf∎](Ah)

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L `gko ∎ [ 6f jv , prlf∎ ] y ∎ B6f jp , prlf∎ ](A)(;) [oc sustcojgc juyl vliufko kspkjængjl (l mkosgmcm kspkjængjc) ol jcf`gc jlo ic tkfpkrcturc l ic prksgúo sk jloljk jlfl sustcojgc gojlfprksg`ik. Ils vliñfkoks kspkj kspkjæn ængjl gjlss mk ils súigm súigmls ls y ils iæq iæqugm ugmls ls pk pkrfc rfcokj okjko ko jl jlos ostco tcotk tkss murco murcotk tk uo prljksl y, plr il tcotl, sk pukmko cprlxgfcr jlfl sustcojgcs gojlfprksg`iks sgo fujbl fuj bl sc scjrg jrgngj ngjgl gl ko ic kx kxcjt cjtgtu gtum. m. Il Ilss jc jcilr ilrks ks ksp kspkj kjæng ængjls jls mk ic icss sustc sustcoj ojgcs gcs gojlfprksg`iks súil mkpkomko mk ic tkfpkrcturc. Ulr il tcotl, ki jcf`gl ko ic kokrhæc gotkroc mk súigmls y iæqugmls sk pukmk kxprkscr jlfl ∎ [ 6f Jprlf∎ ] (A )

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Mlomkk Jp Mlom Jprl rlf f ks ki jc jcil ilrr ks kspk pkjæ jængngjl jl pr prlf lfkm kmgl gl kv kvci ciuc ucml ml c ic tk tkfp fpkr krct ctur urcc prlf prlfkm kmgl gl.. Ol Oltk tk qu qukk ki jc jcf` f`gl gl ko ic kokr kokrhæ hæcc go gotk tkro rocc mk ils ils sg sgst stkf kfcs cs qu qukk pkrfcokjko ko uoc slic ncsk (iæqugml, súigml l hcs) murcotk ki prljksl sk pukmk mktkrfgocr jlo fujbc ncjgigmcm uscoml ils jcilrks kspkjængjls prlfkmgl Ic kokrhæc sk pukmk trcosnkrgr bcjgc uoc fcsc mcmc, l mksmk çstc, plr mls fkjco fkj cogsf gsfls1 ls1 jcil jcilrr S y tr trc` c`cal cal X. [oc gotkr gotkrcj cjjgú jgúoo kokr kokrhçt hçtgjc gjc ks trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr sg su nukrzc gfpuislrc ks uoc mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrcturc. Mk il jlotrcrgl, ks trc`cal. ]cotl uo pgstúo quk su`k, jlfl uoc nikjbc rltctlrgc y uo cicf`rk kiçjtrgjl quk jrujko ics nrlotkrcs mki sgstkfc, kstão csljgcmls jlo gotkrcjjgloks mk trc`cal. Ki tçrfgol jcilr y ics nrcsks csljgcmcs, jlfl niual mk jcilr, cmgjgúo mk jcilr, rkjbczl mk jcilr, c`slrjgúo mk jcilr, hcocojgc mk jcilr, pçrmgmc mk jcilr, cifcjkocfgkotl mk jcilr, hkokrcjgúo mk jcilr, jcikotcfgkotl kiçjtrgjl, jcilr ictkotk, jcilr mki jukrpl y nukotk mk jcilr, slo mk usl jlfño bly ko mæc y ki gotkotl mk rkkfpiczcr jcilr ko kstcs nrcsks plr  kokrhæc tçrfgjc súil tuvl uo çxgtl igfgtcml. Jucoml sk jukotc jlo ic rczúo mk trcosn trc osnkr krkoj kojgc gc mk jc jcilr ilr ˗S kotl kotlojk ojkss sk pu pukm kmkk mk mktkr tkrfgo fgocr cr ic jcotg jcotgmc mcmm tlt tltci ci mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr S murcotk uo gotkrvcil mk tgkfpl ∎t c pcrtgr mk S6∤5∎ t˗S mt (A )

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Zgkfprk quk sk jlolzjc ic vcrgcjgúo mk ˗S jlo ki tgkfpl. Ucrc ki jcsl kspkjgci mk ˗S jlostcotk, ic kjucjgúo cotkrglr sk rkmujk c S6˗S ∎ ]

(A)

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FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 Ic rczúo mk trcosnkrkojgc trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr plr uogmcm mk ãrkc pkrpkomgjuicr c ic mgrkjjgúo mk ksc trcosnkrkojgc trcosnkrkojgc sk iicfc niual mk jcilr y ki niual prlfkmgl mk jcilr sk kxprksc jlfl˗ q6˗SCXf0

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Mlomk C ks ki ãrkc mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr. Ko uogmcmks gohikscs, ic uogmcm mk niual mk jcilr @tu/b ¸ n sl`rk t0 .Oltk ki niual mk jcilr pukmk vcrgcr jlo ki tgkfpl csæ jlfl jlo ks ic plsgjgúo uocquk supkrngjgk. Ic prgf prgfkr krcc iky iky mk ic tkrf tkrflm lmgo goãf ãfgj gjc, c, tcf` tcf`gç gçoo jl jlol oljg jgmc mc jl jlfl fl pr prgo gojg jgpg pgll mk jloskrvcjgúo jloskrvc jgúo mk ic kokrhæc, kxprksc quk ko ki jursl mk uo prljksl, ic kokrhæc ol sk pukm pukmkk jr jrkc kcrr og mkstr mkstrugr ugr44 sú súil il pukm pukmkk jc jcf`g f`gcr cr ics nl nlrfc rfcs. s. Ki pr prgoj gojgpg gpgll mk jloskrvcjgúo jloskrvc jgúo mk ic kokrhæc (l ``cicojk cicojk mk kokrhæc kokrhæc)) pcrc juciqugkr juciqugkr sgstkfc sgstkfc quk pcscc plr juc pcs juciqug iqugkr kr prljksl prljksl sk pukmk pukmk kxprk kxprkscr scr jlf jlfll sghuk1 Ki jcf`gl jcf`gl oktl (cufkotl l mgsfgoujgúo) ko ic kokrhæc tltci mk uo sgstkfc ko ki jursl mk uo prljksl ks ghuci c ic mgnkrkojgc kotrk ic kokrhæc tltci quk kotrc y ic kokrhæc tltci quk scik ko ki mkscrrliil mk ksk prljksl. Mcml quk ic kokrhæc sk pukmk trcosnkrgr  bcjgc uo sgstkfc, l bcjgc cnukrc mk çstk, plr fkmgl mk jcilr, trc`cal y niual mk fcsc, y quk ic kokrhæc tltci mk uo sgstkfc sgfpik jlfprksg`ik jlostc mk ics kokrhæcs gotkroc, jgoçtgjc y pltkojgci, ki `cicojk mk kokrhæc pcrc juciqugkr sgstkfc quk pcsc plr juciqugkr prljksl sk pukmk kxprkscr jlfl1 Kkotrc∐Ksci6∎ KZgs(A )

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Icml mkrkjbl mkrkjbl11 ]rcosnkrk ]rcosnkrkojgc ojgc oktc mk kokrhæc plr jcilr, trc`cal y fcsc Icml gzqugkrml1 Jcf`gl ko ics kokrhæcs gotkroc, jgoçtgjc, pltkojgci, ktj. Ic kokrhæc ks uoc prlpgkmcm prlpgkmcm y ki vcilr vcilr mk uoc prlpgkmcm prlpgkmcm ol ol jjcf`gc cf`gc c fkols fkols quk jcf`gk ki kstcml mki sgstkfc. Ulr il tcotl, ki jcf`gl jcf`gl ko ic kokrhæc mk uo sgstkfc sgstkfc ks jkrl (Mgnkrkojgc mk Kokrhæc mki sgstkfc 6 5)4 sg ki kstcml mk ksk sgstkfc ol jcf`gc murcotk ki prljksl, kotlojks ki prljksl ks kstcjglocrgl. Kkotrc6Ksci(A )

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Ko ki coãigsgs mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr, ks usuci tkokr gotkrçs ñogjcfkotk ko ics nlrfcs mk kokrhæc quk sk pukmko trcosnkrgr jlfl rksuitcml mk uoc mgnkrkojgc mk tkfp tkfpkr krct ctur urc4 c4 ks mk mkjg jgr, r, ki jc jcil ilrr l ko kokr krhæ hæcc tç tçrf rfgj gjc. c. Ko ks ksls ls jc jcsl slss rk rksu suititcc jlovkogkotk ksjrg`gr uo `cicojk mk jcilr y trctcr ic jlovkrsgúo mk ics kokrhæcs oujikcr, quæfgjc, fkjãogjc y kiçjtrgjc bcjgc kokrhæc tçrfgjc jlfl hkokrcjgúo mk jcilr. Ko ksk jcsl, ki `cicojk mk kokrhæc sk pukmk kxprkscr jlfl Skotr∐Ssci+Khko6∎ Skotr∐Ssci+K hko6∎ Ksgs

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Kstc kjucjgúo ks uoc fukstrc mk uo `cicojk mk jcilrks mk kotrcmc y scigmc, csæ fgsfl ic kokrhæc quk sk hkokrc ks ghuci ci mgnkrkojgci mk kokrhæc mki sgstkfc. [o sgstkfc mkkojukotrco uoc fcsc ngac. kokrhæcjlosgstk tltci K pcrc fcylr  pcrtk mk ils jkrrcml sgstkfcsjlostc quk sk ko icIcprãjtgjc ko icickokrhæc

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 gotkroc [. Çstk ks ko kspkjgci ki jcsl pcrc ils sgstkfcs kstcjglocrgls, yc quk ol jlfprkomko jcf`gls ko ic vkiljgmcm l kikvcjgúo murcotk ki prljksl. Ko ksk jcsl, ic rkicjgúo mki `cicojk mk kokrhæc sk rkmujk c Zgstkfc jkrrcml kstcjglocrgl1 Kkotr∐Ksci6∎[ 6f jv∎ ] (A )

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Mlomk sk kxprksc ki jcf`gl ko ic kokrhæc gotkroc ko tçrfgols mk ic fcsc f, ki jcilr kspkjængjl c vliufko jlostcotk jv, y ki jcf`gl ko ic tkfpkrcturc, mgnkrkojgci mk ], mki sgstkfc. Jucoml ki sgstkfc súil jlfprkomk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr y ogohuoc gotkrcjjgúo mk trc`cal jruzc su nrlotkrc, ic rkicjgúo mki `cicojk mk kokrhæc sk rkmujk tlmcvæc fãs bcstc Zgstkfc jkrrcml kstcjglocrgl, sgo trc`cal1 S6fjv∎ ]

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Mlomk S ks ic jcotgmcm oktc mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr quk kotrc l scik mki sgstkfc. Ic cotkrglr ks ic nlrfc mkic rkicjgúo mki `cicojk mk kokrhæc quk sk uscrã jlo fãs nrkjukojgc ci trctcr jlo uoc fcsc ngac. [o hrco oñfkrl mk cpcrctls mk gohkogkræc, gohkogkræc, jlfl ils jcikotcm jcikotcmlrks lrks mk chuc y ils rcmgcmlrks mk ils cutlfúvgiks, gfpigjc niual mk fcsc, bcjgc cmkotrl y bcjgc cnukrc cnuk rc mk uo sgstk sgstkfc, fc, y sk jlos jlosgmkr gmkrco co jlfl vliñ vliñfkok fkokss mk jlotrli jlotrli.. Ic fcylr  fcylr  pcrtk mk ils vliñfkoks mk jlotrli sk cocigzco ko jlomgjgloks kstcjglocrgcs mk lpkrcjgúo. Ki tçrfgol kstcjglocrgl sghogngjc ogohño jcf`gl jlo ki tgkfpl ko uoc u`gjcjgúo kspkjængjc. Il lpukstl c kstcjglocrgl ks ol kstcjglocrgl l trcosgtlrgl. C fkouml sk pukmk jlosgmkrcr, ko nlrfc cprlxgfcmc, quk ki niual mk uo niugml plr  uo tu`l tu`l l mu mujt jtll ks uo uogm gmgf gfko kossgl gloc oci.i. Ks mk mkjjgr gr,, sk pukm pukmkk su supl plok okrr quk quk ic icss prlpgkmcmks prlpgkmc mks vcræco súil ko uoc mgrkjjgúo (ic mki niual).Jlfl niual).Jlfl rksuitcml, sk suplok quk tlmcs ics prlpgkmcmks slo uognlrfks ko ic skjjgúo trcosvkrsci pkrpkomgjuicr c ic mgrkjjgúo mki niual y tcf`gço sk suplok quk ics prlpgkmcmks tgkoko vcilrks prlfkmgl ko fcsc sl`rk tlmc ic skjjgúo trcosvkrsci. ˗f6σ ^ Cj

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Ucrc uo sgstkfc mk niual kstcjglocrgl jlo uoc kotrcmc y uoc scigmc, ic rczúo mk trcosnkrkojgc mk fcsc bcjgc cmkotrl mki vliufko mk jlotrli mk`k skr ghuci c ic vkiljgmcm mki niual mk fcsc bcjgc cnukrc mk çi4 ks mkjgr˗f36˗f06 ˗f. Jucoml ils jcf`gls ko ics kokrhæcs jgoçtgjc y pltkojgci slo mksprkjgc`iks, quk ks ki jcsl fãs jlfño, y ol sk tgkok gotkrcjjgúo mk trc`cal, ki `cicojk mk kokrhæc pcrc tci sgstkfc mk niual kstcjglocrgl sk rkmujk c˗ S6 ˗f∎ b6 ˗f jp∎ ]

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Mlomk S puotl ks ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc trcosnkrkojgc oktc mk jcilr bcjgc cmkotrl l bcjgc cnukrc mki vliufko mk jlotrli. Ic cotkrglr ks ic nlrfc mk rkicjgúo mk `cicojk mk

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 kokrhæ kokr hæcc qu qukk sk us uscr crãã jl jloo ic fcyl fcylrr nr nrkj kjuk ukoj ojgc gc pc pcrc rc il ilss sg sgst stkf kfcs cs mk niniua uall kstcjglocrgl. Jlfl sk fkojgloú ci gogjgl mki jcpætuil, ki jcilr sk trcosngkrk trcosngkrk plr ils fkjcogsfls fkjcogsfls mk jlomujjgúo, jlovkjjgúo y rcmgcjgúo y, c fkouml, ki jcilr jcf`gc mk vkbæjuils c fkmgmc quk sk trcosngkrk mk uo fkmgl c ltrl. Kkotr6Ksci (38) Ulr kakfpil, ki jcilr jlomujgml bcstc ic supkrngjgk kxtkrglr mk ic pcrkm mk uoc jcsc ko govgkrol ks trcosnkrgml plr jlovkjjgúo, plr ki cgrk nræl mki kxtkrglr, jlonlrfk ks grrcmgcml bcjgc ils cirkmkmlrks nræls. Ko ksls jcsls pukmk skr  okjkscrgl skhugr ki rcstrl mk ics gotkrcjjgloks kokrhçtgjcs ko ic supkrngjgk y kstl sk bcjk cpigjcoml ki prgojgpgl mk jloskrvcjgúo mk ic kokrhæc c ic supkrngjgk. Kstc rkicjgúo ks vãigmc tcotl pcrc jlomgjgloks kstcjglocrgcs jlfl trcosgtlrgcs y ki `cicojk mk kokrhæc ko ic supkrngjgk ol jlfprkomk hkokrcjgúo mk jcilr pukstl quk uoc supkrngjgk ol tgkok vliufko.˗ S36˗S0+˗S:

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Mlomk ˗S3mkksjcilr iicc jl jlomujjgúo omujjgúo c trcvçs trcvçs mkkiiccgrk pcrkm ic ysupkrngjgk, su˗S:ks pkrngjgk, ˗S0ks ic jlovkjjgúo mk ic supkrngjgk bcjgc mkibcstc kxtkrglr ic rcmgcjgúo oktc mk ic supkrngjgk bcjgc ils cirkmkmlrks. Jucoml ol sk jloljko ics mgrkjjgloks mk ics gotkrcjjgloks, sk pukmk suplokr quk tlmcs sk mgrghko bcjgc ic supkrngjgk y ki `cicojk mk kokrhæc ko ic supkrngjgk sk pukmk kxprkscr jlfl Zufctlrgc mk Kokrhæcs mk kotrcmc ks ghuci c 5.Oltk quk ics gotkrcjjgloks ko ic mgrkjjgúo lpukstc ngocigzcrão jlo vcilrks okhctgvls `cicojkcoml kstc kjucjgúo Jcpætuil 0.

Zk kstumgc ic kjucjgúo mk ic jlomujjgúo jlomujjgúo mk jcilr y sus sliujgloks. Zk mgjk quk ic jl jlom omuj ujjg jgúo úo mk jc jcil ilrr ko uo fk fkmg mgll ks kstc kstcjg jglo locr crgc gc (l ks kstc tc`i `ik) k) ju juco coml ml ic tkfpkrcturc ol vcræc jlo ki tgkfpl y ol kstcjglocrgc l trcosgtlrgc jucoml sæ sk tgko tgkokk ks kstc tc vc vcrg rgcj cjgú gúo. o. Zkic mg mgjk jk quk quk ic ksjl jlom omuj ujjg jgúo úo mksúil jcil jc ilr r ko fk fkmg mgll ks uogmgfkosgloci jucoml jlomujjgúo sghogngjctgvc ko uocuo mgfkosgúo y mksprkjgc`ik ko ics ltrcs mls mgfkosgloks. Zk mgjk quk ks `gmgfkosgloci jucoml ic jlomujjgúo ko ic tkrjkrc mgfkosgúo ks mksprkjgc`ik y trgmgfkosgloci jucoml ic jl jlomu omujj jjgúo gúo ko tlm tlmcs cs ics ics mgf mgfkos kosglo gloks ks ks sgh sghogn ogngjc gjctgv tgvc. c. Ko ki coãig coãigsgs sgs mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr, ic jlovkrsgúo mk ic kokrhæc kiçjtrgjc, quæfgjc l oujikcr ko kokrhæc jcilrængjc (l tçrfgjc) sk jcrcjtkrgzc jlfl hkokrcjgúo mk jcilr. Zk pukmk l`tkokr ic kjucjgúo mk ic jlomujjgúo mk jcilr ci rkcigzcr uo `cicojk mk kokrhæc sl sl`rk `rk uo kikfk kikfkotl otl mgnkrk mgnkrkoj ojgci gci mk vl vliuf iufko ko.. Ic kjucjg kjucjgúo úo uogmg uogmgfko fkosg sglo loci ci mk jlomujjgúo mk jcilr ko ils sgstkfcs mk jllrmkocmcs rkjtcohuicrks, jgiæomrgjcs y ksnçrgjcs, pcrc ki jcsl mk jlomujtgvgmcmks tçrfgjcs jlostcotks sk kxprksc jlfl

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Mlomk ic prlpgkmcm c 6 d/rj ks ic mgnusgvgmcm tçrfgjc mki fctkrgci. Ic sliujgúo mk uo prl`ikfc mk jlomujjgúo mk jcilr mkpkomk mk ics jlomgjgloks ko ics supkrngjgks, y ics kxprksgloks fctkfãtgjcs pcrc ics jlomgjgloks tçrfgjcs ko ics nrlotkrcs sk iicfco jlomgjgloks mk nrlotkrc. Ic sliujgúo mk ils prl`ikfcs mk jlomujjgúo trcosgtlrgc mk jcilr tcf`gço mkpkomk mk ic jlomgjgúo mki fkmgl ci gogjgcrsk ki prljksl mk jlomujjgúo. Ksc jlomgjgúo, quk sukik kspkjgngjcrsk ko ki gostcotk t 6 5, sk iicfc jlomgjgúo gogjgci, ic juci ks uoc kxprksgúo fctkfãtgjc pcrc ic mgst mgstrg rg`u `ujg jgúo úo mk tkfp tkfpkr krct ctur urcc ko ki fk fkmg mgl, l, gogj gogjgc gcif ifko kotk tk.. Ic mk mksj sjrg rgpj pjgú gúoo fctk fc tkfã fãtgtgjc jc jl jlfp fpik iktc tc mk uo pr prl` l`ik ikfc fc mk jl jlom omuj ujjg jgúo úo mk jc jcil ilrr rk rkqu qugk gkrk rk ic kspkjgngjcjgúo mk mls jlomgjgloks mk nrlotkrc pcrc jcmc mgfkosgúo c il icrhl mk ic juci ic jlomujjgúo ks sghogngjctgvc, y uoc jlomgjgúo gogjgci jucoml ki prl`ikfc ks trcosgtlrgl. Ics jlomgjgloks mk nrlotkrc fãs jlfuoks slo ics mk tkfpkrcturc kspkjængjc, niual kspkjgngjcml mk jcilr, jlovkjjgúo y rcmgcjgúo. Ko hkokrci, uoc supkrngjgkk mk nrlotkrc supkrngjg nrlotkrc pukmk jlfprkomk jlfprkomkrr niual kspkjgngjcm kspkjgngjcmll mk jcilr, jlovkjjgúo jlovkjjgúo y rcmgc rcmgcjg jgúo úo ci fgs fgsfl fl tgk tgkfpl fpl.. Ucr Ucrcc ic tr trcos cosnkr nkrkoj kojgc gc uog uogmgf mgfko kosgl sgloc ocii mk jc jcilr ilr ko kstcml kstcjglocrgl c trcvçs mk uoc picjc mk kspkslr I, ils mgvkrsls tgpls mk jlomgjgloks mk nrlotkrc ko ics supkrngjgks ko x 6 5 y x 6 I sk pukmko kxprkscr  jlfl ]kfpkrcturc kspkjængjc1

Mlomk ]3 y ]0 slo ics tkfpkrcturcs kspkjgngjcmcs ko ics supkrngjgks ko x 6 5 y x 6 I. Niual kspkjængjl mk jcilr1

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 Mlomk q ¸ 5 y q ¸ I slo ils niuals kspkjængjls mk jcilr ko ics supkrngjgks ko x 6 5 y x 6 I.  Cgsicfgkotll l sgfktræc  Cgsicfgkot sgfktræc tçrfgjc

Jlovkjjgúo1

Mlomk b3 y b0 slo ils jlkngjgkotks mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr plr jlovkjjgúo y ]3 y ]0 slo ics tkfpkrcturcs ko ils fkmgls jgrjuomcotks ko ils mls icmls mk ic picjc. Pcmgcjgúo1

Mlomk k3 y k0 slo ics kfgsgvgmcmks mk ics supkrngjgks nrlotkrc, s 6 ;.>8 x 35_-2 X/f0 ¸ D= ks ic jlostcotk mk Ztknco-@litzfcoo y ]cirkm,3 y ]cirkm,0 slo ics tkfpkrcturcs prlfkmgl ko ics supkrngjgks quk rlmkco ils mls icmls mk ic picjc. Ko ils jãijuils sl`rk rcmgcjgúo, ics tkfpkrcturcs mk`ko kstcr ko D l P. Gotkrncjk mk mls jukrpls C y @ ko jlotcjtl pkrnkjtl ko x 6 x51

Mlomkk dC y d@ sl Mlom sloo ics ics jl jlom omuj ujtgtgvg vgmc mcmk mkss tçrf tçrfgj gjcs cs mk ics ics jc jcpc pcss C y @. Ic hkokrcjgúo mk jcilr sukik kxprkscrsk plr uogmcm mk vliufko mki fkmgl y sk mkoltc plr k ¸ hko, juyc uogmcm ks X/f:. Ko jlomgjgloks kstcjglocrgcs, ic tkfpkrcturc supkrngjgci ]s mk uoc pcrkm picoc mk kspkslr 0I, uo jgigomrl mk rcmgl kxtkrglr rl y uoc ksnkrc mk rcmgl rl, ko ils juciks ki jcilr sk hkokrc c uoc rczúo

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 jlostcotk mk k ¸ hko plr uogmcm mk vliufko ko uo fkmgl jgrjuomcotk c uoc tkfpkrcturc ], sk pukmk kxprkscr jlfl

Mlomk b ks ki jlkngjgkotk mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr plr jlovkjjgúo. Ic kikvcjgúo fãxgfc mk tkfpkrcturc kotrk ic supkrngjgk y ic skjjgúo fkmgc mk uo fkmgl sk kxprksc plr 

Jucoml sk jloljk ic vcrgcjgúo mk ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc jlo ic tkfpkrcturc, d(]), sk pukmk mktkrfgocr ki vcilr prlfkmgl mk ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc ko ki rcohl mk tkfpkrcturcs kotrk ]3 y ]0 c pcrtgr mk

Kotlojks ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr c trcvçs mk uoc pcrkm picoc ko rçhgfko kstcjglocrgl, uoc jcpc jgiæomrgjc l uoc jcpc ksnçrgjc sk pukmk kxprkscr  jlfl

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

 C fkouml ic vcrgcjgúo mk ic jlomujt jlomujtgvgmcm gvgmcm tçrfgjc mk uo fctkrgci jlo ic tkfpkrcturc sk pukmk jlosgmkrcr uoc nuojgúo igokci y kxprkscrsk jlfl

Mlomk ` sk iicfc jlkngjgkotk mk tkfpkrcturc mk ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc. Jcpætuil : Ic trco trcosn snkr krko kojg jgcc uogm uogmgf gfko kosg sglo loci ci mk jc jcil ilrr c tr trcv cvçs çs mk uo ju jukr krpl pl sg sgfp fpik ik l jlfpukstl kxpukstl c ic jlovkjjgúo mksmk cf`ls icmls bcjgc fkmgls quk sk kojukotrco c ics tkfpkrcturcs ]gongogtl3 y ]gongogtl0 sk pukmk kxprkscr jlfl

Mlomk Ptltci ks ic rksgstkojgc tçrfgjc tltci kotrk ils mls fkmgls. Ucrc uoc pcrkm picoc kxpukstc c jlovkjjgúo sl`rk cf`ls icmls, ic rksgstkojgc tltci sk kxprksc jlfl

Kstc rkicjgúo sk pukmk kxtkomkr bcjgc pcrkmks picocs quk jlostco mk mls l fãs jcpcs, ci sufcr uoc rksgstkojgc cmgjgloci plr jcmc jcpc cmgjgloci. Ics rkicjgloks kikfkotciks mk ic rksgstkojgc tçrfgjc sk pukmko kxprkscr jlfl sghuk1

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Mlomk bj ks ic jlomujtcojgc tçrfgjc plr jlotcjtl, Pj ks ic rksgstkojgc tçrfgjc plr  jlotcjtl y ki jlkngjgkotk mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr plr rcmgcjgúo sk mkngok jlfl

[oc vkz quk sk mgsplok mk ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr, sk pukmk mktkrfgocr ic jcæmc mk tkfpkrcturc c trcvçs mk juciqugkr jcpc c pcrtgr mk

]cf`gço sk pukmk ki jlojkptl mk rksgstkojgc tçrfgjc ko prl`ikfcs trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilruscr ko kstcml kstcjglocrgl quk jlfprkomko jcpcs pcrcikicsmkl jlonghu jlo nghurcj rcjglok glokss jlf`gocm jlf`gocmcs cs ko skrgk-p skrgk-pcrci crcikil. kil. Chrkhcr Chrkhcr cgsi cgsicfgk cfgkotl otl c uo tu`l tu`l jgiæomrgjl l c uo jcsjl ksnçrgjl gojrkfkotc ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr sg ki rcmgl kxtkrglr mki cgsicfgkotl ks fkolr quk ki rcmgl jrætgjl mki cgsicfgkotl, mkngogml jlfl

Jlo nrkjukojgc sk mc ic knkjtgvgmcm mk uo cgsicfgkotl ko tçrfgols mk su vcilr P, ic rksgstkojgc tçrfgjc mki fctkrgci plr uogmcm mk ãrkc supkrngjgci, kxprkscml jlfl

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Mlomk I ks ki kspkslr y d ks ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc mki fctkrgci. Ics supkrngjgks jlo ciktcs slo mk usl jlfño ko ic prãjtgjc pcrc fkalrcr ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr. Ics ciktcs fkalrco ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr mksmk uoc supkrngjgk ci kxplokr uo ãrkc c ic jlovkjjgúo. mgstrg`ujgúo mk tkfpkrcturc c ilmksprkjgc`ik icrhl mk ic ciktc,fãs pcrchrcomk ciktcs fuy icrhcs y pcrcIc ciktcs jlo trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr ko ic puotc, sk kxprksc plr   Ciktc fuy icrhc1

Uuotc cmgc`ãtgjc mk ic ciktc1

]kfpkrcturc kspkjængjc mk ic puotc mk ic ciktc1

Jlovkjjgúo ko ic puotc mk ic ciktc1

Mlomk , p ks ki pkræfktrl y Cjks ki ãrkc mk ic skjjgúo trcosvkrsci trcosvkrsci mk ic ciktc. Ics rczloks mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr pcrc ils mls jcsls sk kxprksco jlfl  Ciktc fuy icrhc1 

Uuotc cmgc`ãtgjc mk ic ciktc1

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 ]kfpkrcturc kspkjængjc mk ic puotc mk ic ciktc1

Jlovkjjgúo ko ic puotc mk ic ciktc1

Ics ciktcs kxpukstcs c jlovkjjgúo ko ics puotcs sk pukmko trctcr jlfl ciktcs jlo puotcs cgsicmcs plr fkmgl mk ic ilohgtum jlrrkhgmc   , ko iuhcr  mk uscr ic ilohgtum rkci mk ic ciktc. Ic tkfpkrcturc mk uoc ciktc jck c il icrhl mk ic fgsfc y, plr il tcotl, ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr mksmk kiic ks fkolr mk`gml c ic mgnkrkojgc mkjrkjgkotk mk tkfpkrcturc bcjgc ic puotc. Ucrc jlosgmkrcr ki knkjtl mk kstc mgsfgoujgúo ko ic tkfpkrcturc sl`rk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr, sk mkngok ic kngjgkojgc mk ic ciktc jlfl

Jucoml sk mgsplok mk ic kngjgkojgc mk ic ciktc, ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr mksmk ic ciktc sk pukmk mktkrfgocr c pcrtgr mk

Ki mkskfpkól mk ics ciktcs sk auzhc sl`rk ic `csk mki fkalrcfgkotl ko ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr jlfpcrcml jlo ki jcsl ko quk ol bu`gkrc ciktcs y sk kxprksc ko tçrfgols mk ic knkjtgvgmcm mk ic ciktc, kciktc, mkngogmc jlfl

Ko kstk jcsl, C` ks ki ãrkc mk ic skjjgúo trcosvkrsci mk ic ciktc ko ic `csk y sgo ciktc rkprkskotc ic rczúo mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr mksmk kstc ãrkc sg ol sk chrkhco ciktcs c ic supkrngjgk. Ic knkjtgvgmcm tltci pcrc uoc supkrngjgk jlo ciktcs

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 sk mkngok jlfl ic rczúo kotrk ic trcosnkrkojgc tltci mk jcilr mksmk ic supkrngjgk jlo ciktcs y ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr mksmk ic fgsfc supkrngjgk sg ol tuvgkrc ciktcs,

Ic kngjcjgc y ic knkjtgvgmcm mk ic ciktc kstão rkicjglocmcs kotrk sæ plr

Jgkrtls prl`ikfcs fuitgmgfkosglociks mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr jlfprkomko mls su supk pkrn rngj gjgk gkss fc fcot otko kogm gmcs cs c ics ics tkfp tkfpkr krct ctur urcs cs jl jlos ostc tcot otks ks ]3 y ]0. ]0. Ic rc rczú zúoo kstcjglocrgc mk ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr kotrk kstcs mls supkrngjgks sk kxprksc jlfl

Mlomk Z ks ki ncjtlr mk nlrfc mk jlomujjgúo, quk tgkok ics mgfkosgloks mk ilohgtum y d ks ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc mki fkmgl kotrk ics supkrngjgks.

Jcpætuil 3, 0 y : UPLJKZLZ MK ]PCOZNKPKOJGC MK JCILP Mlocim S. Dkro Jcpætuil 3

Ki prljksl mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr sk rkicjgloc jlo ics rczloks mk gotkrjcf`gl tçrfgjl.

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 - Kstl ljurrk ko kqugpls mk ]rcosnkrkojgc mk Jcilr (]J) tcotl ko gohkogkræc fkjãogjc jlfl ko ils prljksls quæfgjls, ki konlquk rkcigzc ic gfplrtcojgc mk ics mgnkrkojgcs mk ics tkfpkrcturcs kotrk ic nukotk y ki rkjkptlr. - Ki prljksl tæpgjl mk ils prljksls mk ]J govliujrc ic jcotgmcm mk jcilr quk mk`k trcosnkrgrsk y pukmk skr1 l Ulr octurcikzc mk ils jukrpls. l Ic mgnkrkojgc mk pltkojgci. l Ic kxtkosgúo y crrkhil mk ics supkrngjgks quk lpkrc ic nukotk y ki rkjg`gmlr. l Ic jcotgmcm mk kokrhæc fkjãogjc quk mk`k mgsplokrsk ic ]J. Uukstl quk ic ]J sk jlosgmkrc uo gotkrjcf`gl ko uo sgstkfc, ic pçrmgmc mk jcilr  plr uo jukrpl mk`krã skr ghuci ci jcilr c`slr`gml plr ltrl mkotrl mki fgsfl sgstkfc. Jcpætuil 0

JLOM[JJGÚO1 Kstã `cscml ko ki jlotcjtl mgrkjt mgrkjtl, l, sgo gotkrjcf`gl gotkrjcf`gl mk fctkrgc, sk prkskotc ko ils súigmls, `cal uo hrcmgkotk mk tkfpkrcturcs plr trcosnkrkojgc mk kokrhæc jgoçtgjc kotrk fliçjuics. IKW MK NL[PGKP Zgkfprk quk kxgstk uo hrcmgkotk mk tkfpkrcturcs ko uo fkmgl súigml, ki jcilr  niugrã mksmk ic rkhgúo mk fcylr tkfpkrcturc c ic rkhgúo mk fkolr tkfpkrcturc. Ic Iky Iky mk Nl Nlur urgk gkrr gomg gomgjc jc qu qukk ic pl pltk tkoj ojgc gc jc jcil ilræ rængngjc jc quk quk sk tr trco cosn sngk gkrk rk pl plr  r  jlomujjgúo, ks prlplrjgloci ci hrcmgkotk mk tkfpkrcturc y ci ãrkc, c trcvçs mk ic juci sk trcosngkrk ki jcilr1

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Mlomk d ks ic jlostcotk mk prlplrjglocigmcm iicfcmc jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc y rknikac ics prlpgkmcmks jlomujtlrcs mki fctkrgci4 ki sghol okhctgvl gomgjc quk jucoml ic tkfpkrcturc cufkotc jlo ic plsgjgúo, ki jcilr niuyk bcjgc rkhgloks mk fkolr tkfpkrcturc. Ko ic Nghurc 3.c, fukstrc kstk jlfplrtcfgkotl ko uo sgstkfc mlomk ics pcrkmks pcrcikics (y, x, z),]3skpcrcmcs I (ú kspkslr ’k‖), sk kojukotrcocic picol tkfpkrcturcs y ]0 ? ]3. cKiuoc jcilrmgstcojgc niugrã ko ic mgrkjjgúo R (plrquk ol kxgstk hrcmgkotk mk tkfpkrctu tkfpkrcturcs rcs ko ics ltrcs mgrkjjgloks) y pukmk kxprkscrsk kxprkscrsk jlfl1

Zgkfprk y jucoml, ic jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc (d) skc jlostcotk c il cojbl mki fctkrgci. Ics kj Ics kjuc ucjg jglo loks ks ju jufp fpik ikoo tcf` tcf`gç gçoo pc pcrc rc iæiæqu qugm gmls ls y hcsk hcskss ko jl jlom omgj gjgl glok okss rkstrgohgmcs, ko mlomk ol kxgstko fkzjicml mk jlrrgkotks, plr tcotl, ic iky mk Nlurgkr ks kxprkscmc plr mgjbcs kjucjgloks quk rghko ki nkoúfkol mk jlomujjgúo jucoml sk rkcigzc ko súigmls, iæqugmls y hcsks. Ki niu niual al mk jc jcilr ilr ks mgr mgrkjt kjtcfk cfkotk otk pr prlpl lplrjg rjglo loci ci ci ãr ãrkc kc mk trc trcosn osnkrk krkojg ojgcc y ki hrcmgkotkk mk tkfpkrctu hrcmgkot tkfpkrcturcs rcs k govkrscfkotk govkrscfkotk prlplrjglo prlplrjgloci ci c ic ilohgtum mk ic pcrkm l kspkslr mki fctkrgci. Ics kjucjgloks cotkrglrks pukmko kxprkscrsk jlfl1  

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58 Ki tçrfgol ’q‖ sk mkolfgoc mkosgmcm mk niual mk jcilr y rksuitc cmkjucml ko fujb fu jbcs cs lj ljcs csgl glok oks. s. Ks gfpl gfplrt rtco cotk tk fkoj fkojgl gloc ocrr quk quk ic kj kjuc ucjg jgúo úo jl jlos ostgtgtu tuyk yk prlpgcfkotk ic mkngogjgúo mk d, quk sk iicfc jlomujtgvgmcm tçrfgjc y sk cmfgtk quk çstk ks jlostcotk pcrc niugmls y súigmls blflhçokls. Jcpætuil :

JLO^KJJGÚO1 Ic jlovkjjgúo ks ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr kotrk ics fliçjuics rkictgvcfkotk jcigkotks y nræcs mk uo niugml plr fkmgl mk ic fkzjic. Zg c uo iæqugml jlotkogml ko uo rkjgpgkotk sk ik jliljc sl`rk uoc nukotk mk jcilr, ks kvgmkotk quk ic plrjgúo mk iæqugml quk sk bciic ko ki nloml mki rkjgpgkotk kikvc su tkfpkrcturc y su mkosgmcm sk c`ctk, mk`gml c su kxpcosgúo tçrfgjc4 mkspuçs csjgkomk c ics rkhgloks supkrgl sup krglrks rks nræc nræcss ljc ljcsglo sglocom comll jlrr jlrrgkot gkotks ks jlovkjt jlovkjtgvcs gvcs,, ko juyl flvg flvgfgko fgkotl tl sk lrghgoc ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr plr fkzjicml.  C kstk tgpl mk trcosplrtk mk kokrhæc sk mkolfgoc jlovkjjgúo jlovkjjgúo ig`rk l octurci, sg sk cpigjc chgtcjgúo fkjãogjc ki nkoúfkol mk fkzjicml skrã ncvlrkjgml oltc`ikfkotk y ko kstk jcsl ic trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr sk iicfc jlovkjjgúo nlrzcmc. Ic jlovkjjgúo sk prkskotc tæpgjcfkotk tæpgjcfkotk ko ic gotkrncjk gotkrncjk mk uo súigml y uo niugml, plr  il quk sk trctcrã fãs kspkjængjcfkotk sl`rk tci sgtucjgúo jucoml sk kstumgko ils jlkngjgkotks mk pkiæjuic4 sgo kf`crhl, mk`k fkojglocrsk quk Okwtlo kstc`ikjgú uoc kjucjgúo quk mksjrg`k ki prljksl mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr kotrk uo súigml y uo niugml, kxprkscml jlfl1

Kstc kjucjgúo, kstc`ikjk quk ki niual mk jcilr ks mgrkjtcfkotk prlplrjgloci ci ãrkc mk trcosfgsgúo (C) y c uoc mgnkrkojgc mk tkfpkrcturcs (Ν]), ko mlomk, jlostgtuyk ic mkngogjgúo mk ’b‖ quk sk jloljk jlfl jlkngjgkotk mk trcosnkrkojgc mk jcilr l jlkngjgkotk mk pkiæjuic.

 

FCP]ÆOKQ BKPOÃOMKQ I[GZ HKPCPML 053:585=58 053:585=58

Kakfpils mk cpigjcjgúo 

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Urkjcikotcmlr 1 C `lrml ols plmkfls kojlotrcr prkjcikotcmlrks ko vcrgcs gostc gostcicj icjglo gloks ks,, hk hkok okrci rcifk fkotk otk pc pcrc rc prkpcr prkpcrcr cr ic tkfpkr tkfpkrct cturc urc mk ch chuc uc mk jcfgscs mk ils fltlrks prgojgpciks pcrc rkmujgr ki jblquk tçrfgjl prkvgl c ic pukstc ko fcrjbc fcrjbc l ko sgstkfcs mk vcplr c hrco ksjcic ksjcic quk okjksgtco okjksgtco

jcikotcfgkotl ko vcrgcs ko iuhcr mk uo slil jcikotcfgkotl pcrc csæ cufkotcr ic kngjgkojgc mkiktcpcs sgstkfc. Pcmgcmlr1 Ki rcmgcmlr tgkok jlfl l`aktgvl trcosnkrgr jcilr c pcrtgr mk uo niug niugml ml tçrf tçrfgj gjll c ltrl ltrl niniug ugml ml,, ks kstl tl ol gf gfpi pigj gjcc quk quk ok okjk jksc scrg rgcf cfko kotk tk ki gotkrjcf`gl mk`k skr mk iæqugml c iæqugml sgol quk tcf`gço sk pukmk prlmujgr mk cgrk c iæqugml l vgjkvkrsc. Cgrk Cjlomgjglocml (Kvcplrcmlr/Jlomkoscmlr) 1 ]lmls ils sgstkfcs mk cgrk cjlomgjglocml kstão jlonlrfcmls fæogfl plr mls gotkrjcf`gcmlrks mk jcilr4 [o kvcplrcmlr y uo jlomkoscmlr, ki iæqugml rknrghkrcotk niuyk plr ki gotkrjcf`gcmlr gotkrjcf `gcmlr mk jcilr, yc skc trco trcosngrgkoml sngrgkoml jc jcilr ilr l kxpkigkomlil kxpkigkomlil ci fkmgl nræl. Hkokrcmlr mk Chuc Muijk (Kvcplrcmlr/Jlomkoscmlr)1   Ko ils sgstkfcs ils sgstkfcs mk hkokrcjgúo mk chuc muijk (kvcplrcmlr-jlomkoscmlr) (kvcplrcmlr-jlomkoscmlr) jlotcfls  jlotcfls jlo mls gotkrjcf`gcmlrks mk jcilr, uo kvcplrcmlr ko ic pcrtk `cac mki sgstkfc mlomk sk gotrlmujk ki niugml c vcplrgzcr (chuc mk fcr) y uo jlomkoscmlr ko ic pcrtk citc mki sgstkfc quk jlomkosc ki vcplr rksuitcotk mki chuc mk fcr  vcplrgzcmc. Jlomkoscmlr mk ^cplr1  Ki jlomkoscmlr mk vcplr ko uoc gostcicjgúo jlfl pukmk skr ic picotc hkokrcmlrc mk vcplr mk uo `uquk prlpuiscml plr  tur`gocs ks uol mk ils jlfplokotks fãs gfplrtcotk pcrc ki cprlvkjbcfgkotl mki chuc tçjogjc prlmujgmc.

Jcimkrcs1 Ics jcimkrcs mk vcplr slo uocs mk ics prgfkrcs cpigjcjgloks mk ils gotkrjcf`gcmlrks mk jcilr. Jlo nrkjukojgc sk kfpikc ki tçrfgol hkokrcmlr mk vcplr pcrc rknkrgrsk c ics jcimkrcs ko ics quk ic nukotk mk jcilr ks uoc jlrrgkotk mk uo niual jcigkotk ko vkz mk ils prlmujtls mk ic jlf`ustgúo c tkfpkrcturc kikvcmc. Jlomkoscmlrks1  Ils jlomkoscmlrks sk utgigzco ko cpigjcjgloks tco vcrgcmcs jlfl picotcs mk nukrzc mk vcplr, picotcs mk prljksl quæfgjl y picotcs kiçjtrgjcs oujikcrks pcrc vkbæjuils kspcjgciks. Gotkrjcf`gcmlrks mk jcilr mk jlrczc y tu`ls1  Ics uogmcmks jloljgmcs jlo kstk olf`rk kstão jlfpukstcs ko kskojgc plr tu`ls mk skjjgúo jgrjuicr flotcmls mkotrl mk uoc jlrczc jgiæomrgjc jlo sus kaks pcrcikils ci cgrk mk ic jlrczc. ]lrrks mk konrgcfgkotl1 Ics tlrrks mk konrgcfgkotl sk bco utgigzcml cfpigcfkotk cfpigcfkotk pcrc mkskjbcr ko ic ctfúsnkrc ki jcilr prlvkogkotk mk prljksls gomustrgciks ko vkz mk bcjkril ko ki chuc mk uo ræl, uo ichl l ko ki ljçcol.