Ebook La Guia Completa para La Fotografia en Blanco y Negro

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

 

    |

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

 

    | Cmcaphfr hi`cb`ifeg pfrf Fbdchibf _fcz ec Jcrrcrf, fbdchibfpfcz0Ojgtafih.`ga #>::5?5;

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

Duáf ec Ibtrgeu``iðb f hf Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg

 

Nc`jf ec pukhi`f`iðb= Afrzg ;?63   Futgrcs= Afrig _ércz, @frg Aussg y Fhcxf Ec Khgis  Ceitfeg y pukhi`feg pgr Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng |  |  www.khgdechngtgdrfng.`ga  ^crsiðb 6.? ©@gpyridjt ;?63 Khgd ech Ngtgdrfng PHS  Ugegs hgs Ecrc`jgs [cscrvfegs   Bibdubf pfrtc ec cstf pukhi`f`iðb pucec scr rcprgeu`ief, fhaf`cbfef g trfbsaitief kfmg bibdubf ngraf, chc`trðbi`f, ac`æbi`f ac`æbi`f bi bibdýb gtrg ageg si b ch prcvig y cxphá`itg `gbscbtiaicbtg ech Ceitgr.  Hfs iaædcbcs quc ihustrfb cstc hikrg sgb prgpicefe ech futgr ech hikrg g ec sus rcspc`tivgs futgrcs quc hfs jfb `gapfrtieg kfmg hi`cb`if @rcftivc @gaagbs (egbec sc acb`igbf) g hi`cb`if `gaphctfacbtc `gaphctfacbtc hikrc.   Fvisg= Hf ibngraf`iðb `gbtcbief cb cstc hikrg cs ch rcsuhtfeg ec hf cxpcricb`if, `gbg`iaicbtg y gpibiðb pcrsgbfh ech futgr. Ch futgr bg sc rcspgbsfkihizf ech usg g afh usg ec hf ibngraf`iðb `gbtcbief `gbtcbief cb cstc eg`uacbtg.  

    |

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

 

© ;?63 Uituhfr ec hgs ecrc`jgs ec cei`iðb, pukhi`f`iðb y eistriku`iðb  eistriku`iðb Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng  Ngtðdrfng 

    |

 

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

_gr qué ngtgdrfnifr cb khfb`g y bcdrg

4

Cquipg y f``csgrigs bc`csfrigs pfrf ngtgdrfnifr cb khfb`g y bcdrg

65

@gbnidurf`iðb y fmustcs rc`gacbefegs pfrf ngtgdrfnifr cb khfb`g y bcdrg

69

 Fprcbec f airfr cb khfb`g y bcdrg

;4

Iaædcbcs quc ch khfb`g y bcdrg nfvgrc`c n fvgrc`c

0;

Hf `gapgsi`iðb cb khfb`g y bcdrg

5?

@ðag ngtgdrfnifr rctrftgs cb khfb`g y bcdrg

59

@ðag `fpturfr afdbáni`fs ngtgs ec kckés y biögs cb khfb`g y bcdrg

39

Ugeg sgkrc hf ngtgdrfnáf ec pfisfmc cb khfb`g y bcdrg

>3

Ch khfb`g y bcdrg fphi`feg f hf ngtgdrfnáf ec frquitc`turf @hfvc fhtf y `hfvc kfmf cb khfb`g y bcdrg

4;

Ngtgdrfnáf eg`uacbtfh cb khfb`g y bcdrg

9?

Uru`gs pfrf ubf acmgr ngtgdrfnáf cb khfb`g y bcdrg

9>

@ðag prg`csfr ubf ngtgdrfnáf cb khfb`g y bcdrg (pfsg f pfsg)

6?5

 

:;

    |

 

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

Bfef tc cbscöf tfbtg cb ngtgdrfnáf `gag ch khfb`g y bcdrg. Ib`husg si bg tc dustf hf ngtgdrfnáf cb khfb`g y bcdrg, `ufbeg aæs fprcbecs ngtgdrfnáf cs prf`ti`fbeg ch khfb`g y bcdrg. Ch khfb`g Uc y bcdrg cs ec ubf ec fprcbeizfmc ibnibitfacbtc pgecrgsf. fkstrfc hgsjcrrfaicbtf chcacbtgs f``csgrigs y tc `cbtrf cb hg cscb`ifh ec hf cs`cbf. Uc ecs`ukrc crrgrcs quc cb `ghgr pfsfráfb ecsfpcr`ikiegs. Ch khfb`g y bcdrg cs ec hfs ngrafs aæs ri`fs ec cxprcsiðb ngtgdræni`f. Cb ubf cxpgsi`iðb ngtgdræni`f bgs ectcbcags au`jg aæs echfbtc ec ubf ngtgdrfnáf cb khfb`g y bcdrg quc ubf cb `ghgr. Ch khfb`g y bcdrg `ucbtf au`jg aæs, cs aæs cxprcsivg, aæs cxphá`itg quc ch `ghgr. Bg tc ecmf ibeincrcbtc.

 

 Fbtc ubf ngtgdrfnáf cb `ghgr tu pýkhi`g pucec qucefrsc ftrfpfeg cb hf supcrni`ic, cb hgs `ghgrcs, cb hf prgpif ngtgdrfnáf. Cb khfb`g y bcdrg ch vcrefecrg y ýbi`g prgtfdgbistf cs hf jistgrif quc hf ngtgdrfnáf `ucbtf. Bg jfy nhgriturfs. Ch khfb`g y bcdrg cs acbsfmc y scbtiaicbtg purg. Ugegs y `fef ubg ec hgs sumctgs, agacbtgs, hudfrcs y gkmctgs iapgrtfbtcs cb tu vief sc acrc`cb, fh acbgs ubf vcz cb hf vief, scr hgs prgtfdgbistfs ec ubf ngtg cb khfb`g y bcdrg, ubf jc`jf pgr ti. Cstf duáf prctcbec efrtc ch capumðb quc bc`csitfkfs.

    |

_ércz  Afrig _ércz 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng

 

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg 

 Fbtcs g ecspués, `ufhquicrf quc sgstcbdf ubf `æafrf cb hf afbg y prctcbef cag`igbfr g jf`cr kfihfr ub cmér`itg ec afripgsfs cb ch cstðafdg ec fhduicb siaphcacbtc `gb ubf iafdcb, f`fkf su`uakicbeg fh khfb`g y bcdrg. Pi tý fýb bg hg jfs jc`jg, tc vfags f efr ubfs `ufbtfs rfzgbcs ec pgr qué ch khfb`g y bcdrg dustf tfbtg, y pgr qué ticbc tfbtgs fecptgs c ib`gbei`igbfhcs.

Ch gmg juafbg vc cb `ghgr, fsá quc `ufbeg vcs ubf ngtgdrfnáf cb khfb`g y bcdrg ibaceiftfacbtc éstf tc prgeu`c ub iapf`tg visufh, pgrquc tus gmgs bg cstæb f`gstuakrfegs f hf fuscb`if ec `ghgr. _grquc cs eistibtg f hg quc vcb `gbtibufacbtc y yf sfkcs quc tgeg hg quc einicrc ec hf rcfhiefe, ec hg `gtieifbg, bgs ftrfc. Cstf cs ubf ec hfs pgecrgsfs rfzgbcs ec pgr

 

qué ch khfb`g y bcdrg bgs hhfaf tfbtg hf ftcb`iðb. _grquc cs eincrcbtc.

Hgs `ghgrcs cb ubf ngtgdrfnáf bg sðhg fpgrtfb kchhczf, sibg quc tfakiéb pucecb supgbcr ubf eistrf``iðb, afrfvihhgsf, pcrg ubf eistrf``iðb fh nib y fh `fkg. Y jfy g`fsigbcs cb hfs quc tý quicrcs `cbtrfr tgef hf ftcb`iðb ec tu pýkhi`g cb ub pubtg ec hf iafdcb g cb hf jistgrif quc prctcbecs `gbtfr. Cb `fsgs fsá hg acmgr cs pfsfr f khfb`g y bcdrg, pucs ec cstf ngraf duifræs hf airfef f csc pubtg y hgdrfræs quc ch pýkhi`g sc cag`igbc fh hccr tu ngtgdrfnáf y cs`u`jfr tu jistgrif. _icbsf cb hfs pchá`uhfs fbtidufs, @fsfkhfb`f, cb hf csgs quc hg iapgrtfbtc hf jistgrif cbtrc [i`l c `gag Ihsf. ·Uc iafdibfs fjgrf cs`cbfrigs cb crf `ghgr7

    |

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg  ·@rccs quc hc fpgrtfráf fhdg bucvg7 Fh `gbtrfrig, ch `ghgr eistrfcráf hf ftcb`iðb y hf trfaf pcrecráf su nucrzf.

Ch khfb`g y bcdrg cs tfb ftcapgrfh quc f bg scr quc jfyf pistfs `hfrfs ec hf épg`f bg sfkræs jf sieg rcfhizfef ngtgdrfnáf. Sbf iafdcb cb khfb`g y bcdrg`uæbeg bub`f pfsf ec agef, bg schfqucef fbti`ufef. Hgs `ghgrcs cb hfs ngtgdrfnáfs `fakifb ec tcbecb`if f hg hfrdg ec hfs eé`fefs, aæs `æhiegs, aæs nrágs, aæs g acbgs sfturfegs. Ch rcvchfeg, hgs fbtidugs `frrctcs y fjgrf hgs ceitgrcs y hgs nihtrgs jfb `rcfeg ubf drfb vfricefe cb `ufbtg f hf cstéti`f ech `ghgr. Pib cakfrdg, ch khfb`g y bcdrg, aæs g acbgs `gbtrfstfeg cs sicaprc ch aisag. Sb rctrftg cb khfb`g y bcdrg ec jf`c `ib`ucbtf fögs siduc ec ‘rfkigsf f`tufhiefe‑, ·bg `rccs7

 Fubquc bg hg `rcfs, ch khfb`g y bcdrg cs ubf `fmf ec sgrprcsfs. Cstf fniraf`iðb pucec `jg`fr au`jg fh prib`ipig, cs bgrafh. _crg airf, `ufbeg `gbvicrtcs ubf iafdcb f khfb`g y bcdrg, hg priacrg quc tc iapf`tf cs quc hgs `ghgrcs bg sc trfeu`cb `gag cspcrfkfs. @fef `ghgr ticbc su cquivfhcb`if cb hf cs`fhf ec driscs y si `gbg`cs cstg hgs rcsuhtfegs tc sgrprcbecræb (pfrf kicb g pfrf afh). Y bg cs hg aisag ecsfturfr, quc `gbvcrtir f khfb`g y bcdrg g quc utihizfr ub nihtrg fh `gbvcrtir, pucstg quc scdýb ch nihtrg quc utihi`cs tu ngtgdrfnáf pucec `fakifr `gbsiecrfkhcacbtc.

 

Gkscrvf hf siduicbtc iafdcb, jcags utihizfeg eincrcbtcs agegs ec `gbvcrsiðb y nihtrgs pfrf agstrfrtc ub cmcaphg siaphc= .   Fsá cb pcqucög y cb cstf iafdcb hfs eincrcb`ifs quc aæs sc fprc`ifb sgb cb ch `ichg, pcrg suni`icbtc pfrf quc tc jfdfs ubf iecf.

    | Ngtgdrfnáf kfmg hi`cb`if @rcftivc @gaagbs, `grtcsáf ec @frg Aussg

 

 

Khgd ech Ngtðdrfng | Ngtgdrfnáf cb Khfb`g y Bcdrg  Cs ibeuefkhc quc ch khfb`g y bcdrg fpgrtf erfaftisag f hf cs`cbf. @ufbeg jfkhfags ec erfaftisag bgs rcncriags fh iapf`tg quc prgvg`f cb ch pýkhi`g, f su `fpf`iefe pfrf `gbagvcr. Ec jc`jg pfrf cs ubg ec hgs priacrgs rc`ursgs qucubg sc pucec f ubf ngtgdrfnáf iapriairhc erfaftisag, pgr scr ec hgs fphi`fr aæs ræpiegs, næ`ihcs y quc afygr cnc`tg hgdrf. Pi ticbcs ubf iafdcb quc tc dustf, pcrg quc bg tcraibf ec `gbvcb`crtc, pruckf f pfsfrhf f khfb`g y bcdrg, scdurg quc dfbfræ cb iapf`tg. _ucecs airfr ch cmcaphg pfrf `gbvcb`crtc g jf`cr tý hf pruckf