E-Election-Thesis.docx

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING INTRODUCTION People nowadays are into computer, people are now fascinated with anything that comes with the use of the computer. People spend more time using computer because it can make their work more easier. Electronic election is now being implemented to some univer universit sities ies and colleg colleges es in the Philip Philippin pines es thus thus creatin creating g an electronic electronic election system system is now being created for them to make their election hassle free and quickly. Elec lectronic

voting

refers ers

to

the

use use

of

computers

or

comput computeri erized zed voting voting equipm equipment ent to cast cast ballot ballots s in an electi election. on. Electronic systems can be used to register voters, tally ballots, and record votes. Electronic voting has the potential to reduce the the

cost costs s

asso associ ciat ated ed

part partic icip ipat atio ion n

in

with with

elec electi tion ons. s.

runn runnin ing g

elec electi tion ons s

It

also also

may may

make make

and and

incr increa ease se

voti voting ng

more more

access accessibl ible e to people people with with disabi disabilit lities ies, , allowi allowing ng them them to vote vote from home and use equipment that can accommodate their special needs. needs. Howeve However, r, ensurin ensuring g the securi security ty and integri integrity ty of online online elections poses many new challenges for election administrators.

1

In this this rega regard rd, , we come come up to the the idea idea of why why not not create system that caters the election in our college using the electronic system. It is not unknown to us that many universities and colleges in our province province are using electronic electronic election, thus we think of ways on how can we upgrade our electronic election to the net level.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Elec Electr tron onic ic

Elec Electi tion on

!ers !ersio ion n

"." "."

syst system em

is

appl applie ied d

to

#$E #$E

International %ollege of $usiness and Education %abanatuan %ity that caters the election of officers officers yearly. &he main ob'ectives ob'ectives of the Electronic Election !ersion "." is to implement a fast, easy and systematic way of conducting a voters registration and cand candid idat ate e appli applica cati tion ons, s, to prope properl rly y mana manage ge the the elect electio ion n in a well(organized manner, to generate quickly a correct, accurate and reliable canvassing result and lastly to generate instantly need needed ed

summa summari rize zed d

and acco accomp mpli lishm shmen ent t

repo reports rts. .

If

requ requir ired ed

to

recount the votes, perform this instantaneously preventing any undesired repercussions. )ene )enera rall lly, y, Elec Electr tron onic ic

the the

Elec Electi tion on

rese resear arch cher ers s *yst *ystem em

to

have have

deci decide ded d

sust sustai ain n

the the

to need need

upgr upgrad ade e

the the

in

and and

easy easy

alte altern rnat ativ ive e way way of voti voting ng for for the #$E #$E %oll %olleg ege e stude student nts. s. &his &his upgraded version of Electronic Election !ersion "." was primarily designed to generate a reliable system that will provide results. 2

In this this rega regard rd, , we come come up to the the idea idea of why why not not create system that caters the election in our college using the electronic system. It is not unknown to us that many universities and colleges in our province province are using electronic electronic election, thus we think of ways on how can we upgrade our electronic election to the net level.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Elec Electr tron onic ic

Elec Electi tion on

!ers !ersio ion n

"." "."

syst system em

is

appl applie ied d

to

#$E #$E

International %ollege of $usiness and Education %abanatuan %ity that caters the election of officers officers yearly. &he main ob'ectives ob'ectives of the Electronic Election !ersion "." is to implement a fast, easy and systematic way of conducting a voters registration and cand candid idat ate e appli applica cati tion ons, s, to prope properl rly y mana manage ge the the elect electio ion n in a well(organized manner, to generate quickly a correct, accurate and reliable canvassing result and lastly to generate instantly need needed ed

summa summari rize zed d

and acco accomp mpli lishm shmen ent t

repo reports rts. .

If

requ requir ired ed

to

recount the votes, perform this instantaneously preventing any undesired repercussions. )ene )enera rall lly, y, Elec Electr tron onic ic

the the

Elec Electi tion on

rese resear arch cher ers s *yst *ystem em

to

have have

deci decide ded d

sust sustai ain n

the the

to need need

upgr upgrad ade e

the the

in

and and

easy easy

alte altern rnat ativ ive e way way of voti voting ng for for the #$E #$E %oll %olleg ege e stude student nts. s. &his &his upgraded version of Electronic Election !ersion "." was primarily designed to generate a reliable system that will provide results. 2

+esu +esult lts s are are bein being g tabu tabula late ted d by the syst system em and and may may be print printed ed promptly by the system administrator. *pecifically, Electronic Election !ersion "." will aid the school administration in administering the voting process that will generate on(time announcement announcement of officers officers through through tabulated tabulated scor scores es

of

the the

syst system em. .

Elec Electr tron onic ic

Elec Electi tion on

!ers !ersio ion n

"." "."

will will

automa automates tes the counti counting, ng, consoli consolidat dation ion and transm transmiss ission ion of the votes, in a secure and traceable manner, reducing the chance of huma human n

erro error, r,

tamp tamper erin ing g

and and

frau fraud d

atte attemp mpts ts

and and

incr increa ease ses s

the the

integrity of the elections.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM  General Problem: &he main problem of this study focused on the general problem stated below How will will Elec Electr troni onic c Elec Electi tion on !ersi !ersion on "." "." less lessen en the the chan chance ce

of

huma human n

erro error, r,

tamp tamper erin ing g

and and

frau fraud d

atte attemp mpts ts

to

atta attain in a secu secure red d and and trace traceab able le elec electi tion on- How to cond conduc uct t voters registration and candidates application-

3

Spe!"! Problem#: *pecifically, it sought to answer the following sub  problems ". How to develop develop a system that will will provide provide fast, easy and systematic way of conducting voters registration and candidates applications/. How to design design a system system that will will generate generate quickly quickly a correct, accurate and reliable canvassing result0. How to design design a system system that will will be accessi accessible ble for every student-

OB$ECTI%ES OF THE STUDY General Ob&e'!(e &his study aimed to solve the problems encountered to update and upgrade the eisting system that will provide quick and reliable results for the #$E %ollege *tudents Election.

Spe!"! Ob&e'!(e#: &his study focused on the following goals that might help the institution1s improvement &o implement a fast, easy and systematic systematic way of conducting a voters registration registration and candidate candidate applications, to properly manage the election in a well(organized mann manner er, , to gener generat ate e quic quickl kly y a

corr correc ect, t, accu accura rate te and and reli reliab able le

canvassing result and to generate instantly needed summarized and

4

accomplishment reports.

 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY &his Inte Intern rnat atio iona nal l

study

conducted

%oll %olleg ege. e.

&he &he

for

syst system em

the

was was

*tudents

desi design gned ed

to

of have have

#$E an

2Electronic Election !ersion "."3 that focused on determining the capability

of

PHP

Hyperte rtet

Pre(Process essor

4PHP5

as

web

develo developme pment nt softwa software, re, 6y*78 6y*78 9#6PP 9#6PP as databa database se used, used, and #dobe #dobe Photoshop. &his study mainly focused on the following features

•

:nly :nly

enro enroll lled ed

•

flying voters. &he system can administrator manipulating

•

information. 6oni 6onito tors rs the the system1s

•

only

can can

be

vote vote

to

viewed

by

to

prevent

from

its

content

and

voti voting ng

tabulation ion

and and and

the

other

proc proces ess s

generate

the the

system

modifying

coun counti ting ng can

prev preven ent t

and

related

of

the the

printed

results. *tudents can only vote once and can enter the system once

•

stud studen ents ts

especially lly

if

the

vote

has

been

submitted to the administrator. #dmi #dmini nist stra rato tor r can can now now add add cand candid idat ates es, , course and positions in the system.

5

already

part partie ies, s,

•

#dministrator they

wanted

easier.

•

&he

can 'ust

now to

add

other

administrator

make

their

work

additional

administrator

faster can

only

added upon the approval of the school head. #dministrator can now track the status of

if and be

every

student if they voted or not because the system has the facility for it. It can help our school head to track those students who didn1t participate in the

•

said election. Independent candidates can now be registered in the Election.

&he study does not include the following features.

•

:nce the students have already submitted their vote they cannot enter the system again. &hey can only

•

log in once. :nly the system

•

manipulate the database system. :nly administrator can register

administrator

can

access

students

in

and

the

system database.

 THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAME)ORK &he

concept

of

developing

an

Electronic

Election

!ersion "." is designed to build voting system that will generate results in a fastest and accurate way. &his will

6

make

the

generating

monitoring printed

of

voting

results

and

counting

easier,

process

and

and

more

faster

efficient. &his will also improve the record keeping quality on all the transactions. &his

program

will

have

a

module

which

is

for

administrator. &he administrator1s module can add, update items and monitor all the students items ordered.

T*eore'!al Frame+or, o" E-!#'!n. Ele'ron! S/#'em  0S'12en'3# %o'e4 INPUT

•

%andidate information 7

•

!oters information

PROCESS

•

%ounting of votes

OUTPUT

•

Printing of the results

T*eore'!al Frame+or, o" Propo#e2 Ele'ron! Ele'!on  %er#!on 565 0S'12en'3# %o'e#4 INPUT •

•

• •

%andidate Information !oters Information 8 updates !oting #dditional #dministrator

PROCESS •

•

•

Entering of students I; number in the system, done by the administrator +egistration of every voters *ubmission of their votes

OUTPUT •

Printing of the Election +esult

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY &he main goal of this study, 2Electronic Election !ersion "."3 is to produce an Electronic Election that could

9

benefit the students and the school administration as well, for as many ways as possible. &o the #$E International $usiness %ollege  this study will be helpful to the school because it can provide a fast and reliable voting system during elections. &o the Instructors  this study will help them in monitoring, viewing and handling essential information of the tabulated

points

of

the

officers

in

a

fastest

and

accurate

viewing in system as well as declaring winners. &o the students  this study will help them to perform their duties and responsibilities as students, including the right to vote only this time in a more convenient and fast way to cast their votes. &o the future researchers  this study will serve as the basis for their future research.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

10

&he terms that were used by the researchers in the study are hereby defined to provide guidance and clear view to the readers.

Da'a Flo+ D!a.ram 0DFD4 7   is a graphical representation of the 2flow3

of

data

through

an

information

system,

modeling

its

process aspects. :ften they are preliminary step used to create an overview of the system.

En'!'/

7

Rela'!on#*!p

D!a.ram

0ERD4

7

is

an

abstract

and

conceptual representation of data. Entity  relationship modeling is

a

database

modeling

method,

used

to

produce

a

type

of

conceptual schema or semantic data model of a system, often a relational database and its requirements in a top  down fashion.

H/per'e-' Mar,1p Lan.1a.e 0HTML4 7  is the main markup language for creating web ages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.

$a(a#r!p' 7 is an interpreted computer programming language. It was

originally

client(side browser,

implemented

scripts

communicate

may

as

part

interact

of

web

browsers

with

the

user,

asynchronously

content that is displayed.

11

and

alter

so

that

control

the

te

document

 )eb#!'e 7  is a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the world wide web. It is a collection of web pages.

8AMPP 7 is a free and open source cross  platform web server solution stack package, consisting mainly of the

#pache H&&P

*erver, 6y*78 database and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and pearl programming language.

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CHAPTER II RE%IE) OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

&his chapter presents a review of related literature and studies which the researchers considered relevant to the present study. &he following presents the review of related literature that we have searched in our chosen pro'ect. It consists of other applications and tools related to this study.

FOREIGN LITERATURE #ccording to ;ev #nanda 4/niversity at ?aawan %ampus was founded as a field laboratory of the 6*> %ollege of =isheries. In pursuant to

17

6emorandum :rder ?o. 0 and no. CD and $:+ resolution /, series of

"FF.

6*>

?aawan

was

formally

organized

as

a

distinct

autonomous unit of the 6*> *ystem. 6*> at ?aawan for having students that has grown up to about a thousand students now, delivered residing

a in

quality the

and

ecellent

municipality

of

education ?aawan

to

and

the

also

people to

the

neighboring town. =or many years since this >niversity founded, this

institution

had already

conducted

many

ma'or

university

student council election of officers for the 6*>? *upreme *tudent %ouncil. It was so evident unfortunately that the turnover of these said elections had turned to be slow and tiresome. It was slow because of the following scenarios &he Election is done manually, so the canvassing is consuming a big amount of time, in fact in most of the elections the canvassing of votes took a long hours and more time consume. 6iscount of votes that may cause for under vote or otherwise over vote. 6istally and misstated vote for a candidate. It was hard and tiresome on the part of the election facilitators because it needs a lot of energy and time to overcome the compleity of the preparations and the holding of the election down to the canvassing of votes. *o with these problems the call for a change is considered. #ccording to :li +eyes 4/