E 230 - e 230M - 12

 

 

Designation: E230/E230M −  12

 

An American National Standard

Standard Specification and

Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Standard ized Thermo Thermocouples couples1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation E230/E230M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Sco Scope pe

elements of Type C are not included because materials for Type C thermocouples are normally supplied as matched pairs only.

1.1 This specification specification contains reference reference tables (T (Tables ables 8 to 25) that give temperature-electromotive force (emf) relationships for Types B, E, J, K, N, R, S, T, and C thermocouples. 2 These The se are the ther thermoc mocoup ouple le typ types es mos mostt com common monly ly use used d in industry indus try.. The tables contain all of the temper temperatureature-emf emf data currently available for the thermocouple types covered by this standard and may include data outside of the recommended upper temperature limit of an included thermocouple type.

1.7 Polyn Polynomial omial coeff coefficients which may be used for computation of thermocouple emf as a function of temperature are given in Table 7. Coefficients for the emf of each thermocouple pair as well as for the emf of most individual thermoelements versus platinum are included. Coefficients for type RP and SP thermoelements are not included since they are nominally the same as for types R and S thermocouples, and coefficients for type RN or SN relative to the nominally similar Pt-67 would be insignificant. Coefficients for the individual thermoelements of  Type C thermocouples have not been established.

1.2 In add additio ition, n, the spe specific cificatio ation n includ includes es stan standar dard d and special tolerances on initial values of emf versus temperature for thermo thermocoup couples les (T (Table able 1), thermo thermocoup couple le extens extension ion wires (Tabl (T ablee 2), and com compen pensati sating ng ext extens ension ion wir wires es for the thermo rmo-couples (Table 3). Users should note that the stated tolerances apply only to the temperature ranges specified for the thermocouple types as given in Tables 1, 2, and 3, and do not apply to the temperature ranges covered in Tables 8 to 25.

1.8 Coef Coeffficients for sets of inverse polynomials polynomials are given in Table 46. These may be used for computing a close approximation of temperature (°C) as a function of thermocouple emf. Inverse functions are provided only for thermocouple pairs and are valid only over the emf ranges specified.

1.5 Tables 26 to 45 give give temperature-emf data for single-leg thermoeleme thermoe lements nts ref refere erence nced d to pla platin tinum um (NI (NIST ST PtPt-67) 67).. The

1.9 This specification specification is intended to define the thermoelecthermoelectric properties of materials that conform to the relationships presen pre sented ted in the tables of thi thiss stan standar dard d and bear the lett letter er designa desi gnation tionss con contain tained ed her herein. ein. Topi opics cs suc such h as ord orderin ering g info in form rmat atio ion, n, ph phys ysic ical al an and d mech me chan anic ical al pr prop oper erti ties es,, workmanship, testing, and marking are not addressed in this specification. The user is referred to specific standards such as Specifications   E235, E235,   E574, E574,   E585/E585M, E585/E585M,   E608/E608M, E608/E608M, E1159,, or E1159 or E2181/E2181M  E2181/E2181M for  for guidance in these areas.

tables include values for Types BP, BN, JP, JN, KP (same as EP), KN, NP, NN, TP, and TN (same as EN).

1.10 The temp 1.10 tempera eratur ture-e e-emf mf data in thi thiss spe specific cificatio ation n are intended for industrial and laboratory use.

1.6 Tables for Types RP, RP, RN, SP, and SN thermo thermoelements elements are not included since, nominally, Tables 18 to 21 represent the thermoelectric properties of Type RP and SP thermoelements referenced refere nced to pure platinum. Tables Tables for the indivi individual dual thermo-

1.11 1.1 1 Therm Thermocoup ocouple le color codes per IEC 584–3 are given in Appendix X1. X1.

1.3 Tab 1.3 ables les 4 an and d 5 pr prov ovid idee in insu sulat latio ion n co colo lorr co codi ding ng fo forr thermocoupl thermo couplee and thermo thermocouple couple extension wires as custo customarmarily used in the United States. 1.4 Recomm Recommendati endations ons regar regarding ding upper temper temperature ature limits for the thermocouple types referred to in   1.1 1.1   are provided in Table 6.

1.12 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound inch-pound units units are to be regarded separately as standard. 1.12.1 1.12. 1 The values stated in brackets are not conversions conversions to the values they succeed and therefore shall be used independently of the preceding values. 1.12.2 1.12. 2 The values given in paren parentheses theses are conversions conversions of  the values they succeed. 1.12.3 1.12. 3 Combin Combining ing values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1 These tables are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 Committee  E20 on  on Temperature Measurement Measurement and are the direct respon responsibili sibility ty of Subc Subcommitt ommittee ee   E20.04   on Thermocouples. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E230 – 11 1. DOI: 10.1520/E0230_E0230M-12. 2 These temperature-e temperature-emf mf relati relationshi onships ps have been revised as requir required ed by the intern int ernati ationa onall ado adoptio ption n in 198 1989 9 of a rev revise ised d Int Intern ernati ationa onall Temp empera eratur turee Sca Scale le ε

1.13   This standard does not purport to address all of the

(ITS-90).

safet sa fetyy co conc ncern erns, s, if an anyy, as asso soci ciat ated ed wi with th its us use. e. It is th thee

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 temperatur tempera ture-e e-emf mf rela relatio tionsh nships ips can be fou found nd in Tabl ablee 7. 7. For convenience, coefficients of inverse polynomials that may be used to calculate approximate temperature (°C) as a function of  thermocouple emf are given in Table 46.

responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro priate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenc Referenced ed Documents Documents 2.1   ASTM Standards:3 E235   Specifi E235 Specification cation for Thermo Thermocouple couples, s, Sheath Sheathed, ed, Type K and Type Type N, for Nuclear Nuclear or for Other Hig High-R h-Relia eliabili bility ty Applications

4. Thermocouple Types Types and Letter Designations

E574 E574    Specifi Specification Duplex, Duple x, Base Metal Thermocoup Therm ocouple le Wire Withcation Glass for Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation E585/E585M   Sp E585/E585M Speci ecifica ficatio tion n fo forr Com Compac pacted ted Min Miner eralalInsulat Ins ulated, ed, Met Metal-S al-Shea heathe thed, d, Bas Basee Meta Metall The Thermo rmocou couple ple Cable E608/E608M   Spe E608/E608M Specific cificatio ation n for Min Mineral eral-In -Insul sulated ated,, Meta MetallSheathed Sheath ed Base Metal Thermocouples Thermocouples E1159   Specification for Thermocouple Materials, PlatinumE1159 Rhodium Rhodi um Alloys, and Platinu Platinum m E2181/E2181M   Spe E2181/E2181M Specifi cificat cation ion for Com Compac pacted ted Min Minera erallInsulated, Insul ated, Metal-S Metal-Sheathed heathed,, Noble Metal Therm Thermocoup ocouples les and Thermocouple Cable 2.2   NIST Monograph: NIST NI ST Mo Mono nogra graph ph 17 175 5   Temperatureemperature-Electromotiv Electromotivee Force Reference Functions and Tables for the Letter-Designated

4.1.1   Type B— Platinum-30 Platinum-30 % rhodium (+) versus platinum6 % rhodium (−). 4.1.2   Type Type E— Nickel-10 Nickel-10 % chrom chromium ium (+) versu versuss coppe copperr45 % nickel (constantan) (−). 4.1.3   Type J— Iron Iron (+) versus copper-45 % nickel (constantan) (−). 4.1.4   Type Type K— Nickel N ickel-10 -10 % chr chromi omium um (+) ver versus sus nic nickel kel-5 % (aluminum, silicon) (−).

4.1 The letter symbols identifying identifying each reference reference table are thos th osee wh which ich ar aree in co comm mmon on us usee th thro roug ugho hout ut in indu dust stry ry an and d identify identif y the follow following ing thermo thermocouple couple calibrations: calibrations:

NOTE  2—Silicon, or aluminum and silicon, may be present in combination with other elements. elements.

4.1.5   Type N ickel-14 -14 % chr chromi omium, um, 1.5 % sil silicon icon (+) Type N— Nickel versus nickel-4.5 % silicon-0.1 % magnesium (−). 4.1.6   Type R— Platinum-13 Platinum-13 % rhodium (+) versus platinum (−). 4.1.7   Type S— Platinum-10 Platinum-10 % rhodium (+) versus platinum (−). 4.1.8   Type T— Copper Copper (+) versus copper-45 % nickel (constantan) (−). 4.1.9   Type C— Tungsten-5 Tungsten-5 % Rhenium (+) versus Tungsten26 % Rhenium (−).

4

Types Based on the ITS-90 2.3Thermocouple   IEC Standard: IEC 584–3 Thermocouples 584–3  Thermocouples – Part 3: Extension and Compensating Cables Toleran olerances ces and Identi Identification fication System, 1989 3. Sour Source ce of Data 3.1 The data in these tables tables are based upon the SI volt volt5 and the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90).

4.2 Ea 4.2 Each ch let letter ter de desi sign gnati ation on in   4.1   ident identifies ifies a spe specific cific tempera temp eratur ture-e e-emf mf rel relatio ationsh nship ip (T (Table abless 8 to 25) and may be applied to any thermocouple conforming thereto within stated tolerances on initial values of emf versus temperature, regardless of its composition.

3.2 The temperature-emf data in Tables Tables 8 to 23 and 26 to 45, 45, together with the corresponding equations in Tables 7 and 46 for all thermo thermocouple couple types except Type Type C, have been extrac extracted ted from fr om NI NIST ST Mo Mono nogr grap aph h 17 175. 5. Tem empe perat ratur uree-em emff da data ta in Tables 24 and 25 and the coefficients for Type C in Tables 7 and an d 46 ha have ve be been en de deve velo lope ped d fr from om cu curv rves es fit fitte ted d to wi wire re manufacturers’ data.

4.3 The thermoelement thermoelement identifying identifying symbols in Tables 26 to 45 use the suffix letters P and N to denote, respectively, the positive and negative thermoelement of a given thermocouple type.

NOTE 1—It is beyon beyond d the scope of this standard to discuss the origin of  these tables. If further information is required, the reader should consult NIST Monograph 175.

4.4 Tables 26 to 45 identify specific temperature-emf temperature-emf relationships of individual thermoelements with respect to platinum (NIST Pt-67). The appropriate letter designation may be applied to any thermoelement which, when combined with its mating thermoelement, will form a thermocouple conforming to the corresponding table within the stated tolerances.

3.3 Th Thes esee ta tabl bles es giv ivee em emff val alue uess to th thrree de deci cima mall places (1 µV) at temperature intervals of one degree. The tables aree sa ar satis tisfa facto ctory ry fo forr mo most st in indu dust stri rial al us uses es bu butt may no nott be adequa ade quate te for com comput puter er and simi similar lar app applica licatio tions. ns. If gre greater ater precision is required, the reader should refer to NIST Monograph gra ph 175 which includes includes tables giving giving emf values to fou fourr decimal places (0.1 µV) for each type except Type C. Equations tio ns wh whic ich h pe perm rmit it ea easy sy an and d un uniq ique ue ge gene nera ratio tion n of th thee

4.5 An overall suff suffix letter “X” (for example example KX, TX, EPX, JNX) denotes an “exten “extension sion grade” material whos whosee thermo thermo-electric elec tric pro proper perties ties will mat match ch tho those se of the cor corres respon pondin ding g thermocouple type within the stated extension grade tolerances over a limited temperature range. Most base metal extension wires have the same nominal composition as the thermocouple wires with which they are intended to be used, whereas the compensating   extensio extension n wir wires es for noble met metal al or ref refrac ractor tory y metal me tal thermo thermoco coup uple le ty type pess (S (S,, R, B, or C) ar aree us usua uall lly y of a different, more economical composition whose relative thermoelectric properties as a pair nonetheless closely approximate

3

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For  Annual Book of ASTM  Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 4 Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. 5 Discussed in NIST Technical Note 1263, Guidelines for Implementing the New Representations of the Volt and Ohm Effective January 1, 1990.

2

 

 

E230/E230M − 12

those se of the nob noble le met metal al or ref refrac ractor tory y meta metall ther thermoc mocoup ouples les tho with which which the they y are to be use used d ove overr a limi limited ted temperatu temperature re range.

Table Number 1

Title Tole oleran rances ces on Ini Initia tiall Valu alues es of Emf ver versus sus Temp empera eratur ture e for Thermocouples Tole oleran rances ces on Ini Initia tiall Valu alues es of Emf ver versus sus Temp empera eratur ture e for Extension Wires Tole oleran rances ces on Ini Initia tiall Valu alues es of Emf ver versus sus Temp empera eratur ture e for Compensating Extension Wires United Uni ted Sta States tes Col Color or Cod Codes es for Sin Single gle and Dup Duplex lex Ins Insula ulated ted Thermocouple Wire United Uni ted Sta States tes Col Color or Cod Codes es for Sin Single gle and Dup Duplex lex Ins Insula ulated ted Extension Wire

2

5. Tolerances on Initial Values Values of Emf versus Temperature

3 4

5.1 In the United States, thermocouples thermocouples and matched thermocouple wire pairs are normally supplied conforming to the tolerances on initial values of emf versus temperature provided

5

in Table 1. 5.1.1 Toleran olerances ces on initial values of emf versus temperature temperature for sin single gle-leg -leg the thermo rmoelem elements ents ref refere erence nced d to pla platin tinum um hav havee been be en es estab tablis lishe hed d on only ly fo forr Typ ypes es KP an and d KN KN.. Th Thes esee ar aree supplied, suppl ied, by commo common n practice, to a tolerance equivalent equivalent to one half the millivolt tolerance of the Type K thermocouple. 5.1.2 For all other thermocouple thermocouple types, tolerances tolerances on initial values of emf versus temperature for single thermoelements should be established by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. 5.1.3 In Tables Tables 34, 34, 35, 44, and 45, the thermoelements thermoelements are identifie iden tified d by two ther thermoe moeleme lement nt sym symbol bolss ind indicat icating ing the their ir applicability to two thermocouple types. This indicates that the tempera temp eratur ture-el e-electr ectromo omotiv tivee for force ce rel relatio ationsh nship ip of the tab table le is typical of the refere referenced nced thermoelements thermoelements over the temper temperature ature range ran ge giv given en in Tabl ablee 1 for the cor corres respon pondin ding g the thermo rmocou couple ple type. It should not be assumed, however, that thermoelements used use d with one the thermo rmocou couple ple typ typee are int interc erchan hangea geable ble with thos th osee of th thee ot othe herr, or th that at th they ey ha have ve th thee sa same me mi mill lliv ivol oltt tolerances for the initial values of emf versus temperature.

6 7

Sugges Sug gested ted Upp Upper er Temp empera eratur ture e Lim Limits its for Pro Protec tected ted Thermocouples Polyno Pol ynomia miall Coe Coeff ffici icient ents s for Gen Genera eratin ting g The Thermo rmocou couple ple Emf as a Function of Temperature

7.1.2   Emf versus Temperature Tables for Thermocouples: Table Number

Thermocouple Type

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

B B E E J J K K N N R R S S T T C C

Temperature RangeA 0 to 1820°C 32 to 3308°F −270 to 1000°C −454 to 1832°F −210 to 1200°C −346 to 2192°F −270 to 1372°C −454 to 2500°F −270 to 1300°C −454 to 2372°F −50 to 1768°C −58 to 3214°F −50 to 1768°C −58 to 3214°F −270 to 400°C −454 to 752°F 0 to 2315°C 32 to 4200°F

7.1.3   Emf versus Temperature Tables for Thermoelements:

5.2 Thermocouple extension wires and compensating compensating extension wires are supplied to conform to the tolerances on initial values valu es of emf ver versus sus temp tempera eratur turee sho shown wn in Tabl ables es 2 and 3, respectively. 5.2.1 5.2 .1 Ini Initial tial tole toleran rances ces of ext extens ension ion gra grade de mat materia erials ls and compensating extension materials apply over a more limited range ran ge of temp temperat erature ure tha than n the cor corres respon pondin ding g the thermo rmocou couple ple grade materials. Applicable temperature ranges, ranges, consistent with typical usage, are given in Tables 2 and 3. 6. Colo Colorr Coding Coding 6.1 Color 6.1 Color co code dess fo forr in insu sulat latio ion n on the therm rmoc ocou oupl plee gr grade ade materials, along with corresponding thermocouple and thermoelement letter designations, are given in Table 4. 6.2 Exten Extension sion wires for thermocouples thermocouples are distin distinguish guished ed by having an identifying color in the outer jacket as shown in Table 5, where letter designations for the extension thermoelements and pairs are also presented.

Tabl able e Num Number ber

Thermo The rmocou couple ple Ty Type pe

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

B B B B J J J J K or E K or E K K N N N N T T T or E T or E

  Thermoelement Type BP BP BN BN JP JP JN JN KP or EP KP or EP KN KN NP NP NN NN TP TP TN or EN TN or EN

Temperature RangeA 0 to 1768°C 32 to 3214°F 0 to 1768°C 32 to 3214°F −210 to 760°C −346 to 1400°F −210 to 760°C −346 to 1400°F −270 to 1372°C −454 to 2500°F −270 to 1372°C −454 to 2500°F −200 to 1300°C −328 to 2372°F −200 to 1300°C −328 to 2372°F −270 to 400°C −454 to 752°F −270 to 1000°C −454 to 1832°F

A

These temperature ranges represent the published temperature versus emf data for the thermocouple and thermoelement types listed. Refer to Table 6 for the recommended upper temperature limits for a specific thermocouple wire size and type.

6.3 Inf Inform ormatio ation n pre presen sented ted in Tabl ables es 4 and 5 is bas based ed on customary practice in the United States. NOTE  3—Other insulation color coding conventions may be found in use elsewhere in the world. Refer to   Appendix X1  X1   for information.

7.1.4   Supplementary Table: Table

 

Title

Number

7. List of Table Tabless

46

7.1 Follo Following wing is a list of the tables included included in this standard: standard: 7.1.1   General Tables: 3

Coeffi Coef fici cien ents ts of In Inve vers rse e Po Poly lyno nomi mial als s fo forr Co Comp mput utat atio ion n of Approximate Temperature as a Function of Thermocouple Emf

 

 

E230/E230M − 12

8. Keyw Keywords ords 8.1 emf computation; compensating compensating extension wire; wire; inverse polynomial; polynomial coefficient; reference tables; thermocouple;; thermo couple thermocoup couple le extens extension ion wire; thermo thermoelemen element; t; upper temperature tempera ture limit TABLE 1 Tolerances on Initial Values of Emf vs. Temperature for Thermocouples

NOTE 1—Tolerances in this table apply to new essentially homogeneous thermocouple wire, normally in the size range 0.25 to 3 mm in diameter (No. 30 to No. 8 AWG) and used at temperatures not exceeding the recommended limits of Table 6. If used at higher temperatures these tolerances may not apply. NOTE  2—At a given temperature that is expressed in °C, the tolerance expressed in °F is 1.8 times larger than the tolerance expressed in °C. Where tolerances are given in percent, the percentage applies to the temperature being measured when expressed in degrees Celsius. To determine the tolerance in degrees Fahrenheit, multiply the tolerance in degrees Celsius by 9/5. NOTE 3—Caution:  Users should be aware that certain characteristics of thermocouple materials, including the emf-versus-temperature relationship may change with usage; consequently, test results and performance obtained at the time of manufacture may not necessarily apply throughout an extended period of use. Tolerances given in this table apply only to new wire as delivered to the user  and do not allow for changes in characteristics with use . The magnitude of such changes will depend on such factors as wire size, temperature, time of exposure, and environment. It should be further noted that due to possible changes in homogeneity, attempting to recalibrate   used   thermocouples is likely to yield irrelevant results, and is not recommended. However, it may be appropriate to compare used thermocouples  in-situ  with new or known good ones to ascertain their suitability for further service under the conditions of the comparison. Thermocouple Type

Temperature Range °C

Tolerances with Reference Junction 0°C [32°F] Standard Tolerances

°F

Special Tolerances

°C

°F

°C

°F

T

0 to 370

32 to 700

The greater of ±1.0°C or ±0.75 %

Note No te 2

The Th e gr grea eate terr of ±0 ±0.5 .5°C °C or ±0.4 %

Note 2

J

0 to 760

32 to 1400

The grea±0.75 ter of % ±2.2°C or

*E

0 to 870

32 to 1600

The greater ±0.4of%±1.1°C or

The greater of ±1.7°C or The greater of ±1.0°C or ±0.5 % ±0.4 % K or N 0 to 1260 32 to 2300 The greater of ±2.2°C or The greater of ±1.1°C or ±0.75 % ±0.4 % R or S 0 to 1480 32 to 2700 The greater of ±1.5°C or The greater of ±0.6°C or ±0.25 % ±0.1 % B 870 to 1700 1600 to 3100 ±0.5 % ±0.25 % C 0 to 2315 32 to 4200 The greater of ±4.4°C or Note 2 Not applicable 1% B  TA −200 to 0 −328 to 32 The greater of ±1.0°C or ±1.5 % B  *EA −200 to 0 −328 to 32 The greater of ±1.7°C or ±1 % B  KA −200 to 0 −328 to 32 The greater of ±2.2°C or ±2 % *The standard tolerances shown do not apply to Type E mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed (MIMS) thermocouples and thermocouple cables as described in Specifications E608/E608M cations  E608/E608M and  and  E585/E585M  E585/E585M..  The standard tolerances for MIMS Type E constructions are the greater of ±2.2°C or ±0.75 % from 0 to 870°C and the greater of ±2.2°C or ±2 % from -200 to 0°C. A

Thermocouples thermocouple materials normally supplied to meet tolerances in theIf table for temperatures same materials, however, may not and fall within the tolerances for are temperatures below 0°C in thethe second sectionspecified of the table. materials are required above to meet0°C. the The tolerances stated for temperatures temper atures below 0°C the purchase order shall so state. Select Selection ion of materi materials als usually will be required. B  Special tolerances for temperatures below 0°C are difficult to justify due to limited available information. However, the following values for Types E and T thermocouples are suggested as a guide for discussion between the purchaser and supplier: Type E, − 200 to 0°C, ±1.0°C or ±0.5 % (whichever is greater) Type T, − 200 to 0°C, ±0.5°C or ±0.8 % (whichever is greater) Initial values of tolerance for Type J thermocouples at temperatures below 0°C and special tolerances for Type K thermocouples below 0°C are not given due to the characterist charac teristics ics of the materials. Data for type N thermo thermocouple couples s below 0°C are not currently available. available.

4

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 2 Tolerances on Initial Values of Emf vs. Temperature for Extension Wires

NOTE 1—Tolerances in this table represent the maximum error contribution allowable from new and essentially homogeneous thermocouple extension wire when exposed to the full temperature range given in the table below. Extension grade materials are not intended for use outside the temperature range shown. NOTE   2—Thermocouple extension wire makes a contribution to the total thermoelectric signal that is dependent upon the temperature difference between the extreme ends of the extension wire length. The actual magnitude of any error introduced into a measuring circuit by homogeneous and correctly connected extension wires is equal to the algebraic difference of the deviations at its two end temperatures, as determined for that extension wire pair. Tolerances—Reference Junction 0°C [32°F] Temperature Range

Thermocouple Type TX JX EX KX NX

−60 0 0 0 0

Standard Tolerances

Special Tolerances

°C

[°F]

°C

[°F]

°C

[°F]

to to to to to

−75 to 200 32 to 400 32 to 400 32 to 400 32 to 400

±1.0 ±2.2 ±1.7 ±2.2 ±2.2

±1.8 ±4.0 ±3.0 ±4.0 ±4.0

±0.5 ±1.1 ±1.0 ±1.1 ±1.1

±0.9 ±2.0 ±1.8 ±2.0 ±2.0

100 200 200 200 200

TABLE 3 Tolerances on Initial Values of Emf vs. Temperature for Compensating Extension Wires

NOTE  1—To  1—Toleranc lerances es in this table apply to new and essen essentially tially homogeneous homogeneous thermocouple thermocouple compensating compensating extension wire when used at tempe temperatur ratures es within the range given in the table below. NOTE 2—Thermo  2—Thermocouple couple compensating compensating extension extension wire makes a contri contribution bution to the total therm thermoelectr oelectric ic signal that is depen dependent dent upon the temperature temperature difference between the extreme ends of the compensating extension wire length. Tolerances—Reference Junction 0°C [32°F] Temperature Range

Thermocouple Type SX RX BXB  BC  CX

°C 0 0 0 0 0

to to to to to

200 200 200 100 200

32 32 32 32 32

Standard Tolerances [°F]

°C

to to to to to

±5 ±5 ±4.2 ±3.7

400 400 400 200 400

A

Special Tolerances [°F]

  ±9   ±9   ±7.6 ±6.7 Initial Calibration Tolerance ±0.110 mV

A A A

...

Special tolerance grade compensating extension wires are not available. Proprietary Propri etary alloy compensating compensating extension wire is availa available ble for use over a wide temperature temperature range. C  Speciall compensating Specia compensating extension wires are not necessary necessary with Typ Type e B over the limited temperature temperature range 0 to 50°C [32 to 122°F 122°F], ], where the use of non-co non-compensa mpensated ted (copper/copp (coppe r/copper) er) conductors introduces introduces no signifi significant cant error. For a somewh somewhat at larger temper temperature ature gradient gradient of 0 to 100°C [32 to 212°F] across the extension portion of the circuit, the use of non-compensated (copper/copper) extension wires may result in small errors, the magnitude of which will not exceed the tolerances given for measurements above 1000°C [1800°F]. B 

5

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 United ed States Color Codes for Single and Duple Duplex x Insula Insulated ted Thermocouple Thermocouple Wire TABLE 4 Unit

NOTE 1—Data in this table represents customary practice in the United States of America. Different Different color code conventions may be in use in other parts of the world. NOTE  2—For some types of insulations, colors may appear as a stripe or trace strand. High temperature braided insulations are normally supplied without color coding. NOTE  3—The noble metal thermocouples are not normally supplied with colored insulations. However, if they were so furnished, the color codes for the corresponding single wire extensions would apply, with a brown overall jacket, where applicable. Thermocouple Type

Thermoelement Designation

Individual Conductor Color

T

Overall Jacket Color Brown

TP (+) TN (−)

Blue Red

JP (+) JN (−)

White Red

EP (+) EN (−)

Purple Red

KP (+) KN (−)

Yellow Red

NP (+) NN (−)

Orange Red

J

Brown

E

Brown

K

Brown

N

Brown

TABLE 5 United States Color Codes for Single and Duplex Insulated Extension Wire

NOTE 1—Data in this table represents customary practice in the United States of America. Different Different color code conventions may be in use in other parts of the world. NOTE  2—For some types of insulations, colors may appear as a stripe or trace strand. High temperature braided insulations are normally supplied without color coding. Thermocouple Type

Thermoelement Designation

Individual Conductor Color

TPX (+) TNX (−)

Blue Red, or Red/Blue Trace

JPX (+) JNX (−)

White Red, or Red/Black Trace

EPX (+) ENX (−)

Purple Red, or Red/Purple Trace

KPX (+) KNX (−)

Yellow Red, or Red/Yellow Trace

NPX (+) NNX (−)

Orange Red, or Red/Orange Trace

RPX/SPX (+) RNX/SNX (−)

Black Red, or Red/Black Trace

BPX (+) BNX (−)

Gray Red, or Red/Gray Trace

CPX (+) CNX (−)

Green Red

TX

Overall Jacket Color Blue

JX

Black

EX

Purple

KX

Yellow

NX

Orange

A

RX or SX BXB 

Green Gray

CX

Red

A

Type R and S thermo Type thermocouple couples s utili utilize ze the same extension alloys. Color code shown is applicable to constructions incorporating proprietary Type B compensating extension alloy wires. When uncompensated (copper/copper) extension materials materi als are used with Type B thermo thermocouple couples, s, the extens extension ion wire insula insulation tion is not normally color coded. B 

6

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 6 Suggested Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermocouples

NOTE  1—This table provides the recommended upper temperature limits for the various thermocouple types and wire sizes. These limits apply to protected therm protected thermocoupl ocouples, es, that is, thermocouples thermocouples in conve conventiona ntionall close closed-end d-end protecting tubes. They do not apply to compa compacted, cted, mineral-insula mineral-insulated, ted, metal-sheathed thermocouples. NOTE 2—The temperature limits given here are intended only as a guide to the user and they should not be taken as absolute values nor as guarantees of satisfactory service life or performance. These types and sizes may be used at temperatures above the stated limits, but usually at the expense of stability or service life or both. In some instances, it may be necessary to reduce the temperature limits in order to achieve satisfactory performance in service. ASTM MNL-12 A and other litera literature ture sources should be consu consulted lted for additional applications applications inform information. ation. Upper Temperature limit for Various Wire Sizes, °C [°F] Thermocouple Type T J E K and N R and S B CB 

No. 8 AWG (3.25 mm [0.128 in.])

No. 14 AWG (1.63 mm [0.064 in.])

760 [1400] 870 [1600] 1260 [2300]

370 [700] 590 [1100] 650 [1200] 1090 [2000]

No. 20 AWG (0.81 mm [0.032 in.]) 260 480 540 980

A

[500] [900] [1000] [1800]

No. 24 AWG (0.51 mm [0.020 in.]) 200 [400] 370 [700] 430 [800] 870 [1600] 1480 [2700] 1700 [3100] 2315 [4200]C 

No. 28 AWG (0.33 mm [0.013 in.]) 200 370 430 870

[400] [700] [800] [1600]

No. 30 AWG (0.25 mm [0.010 in.]) 150 [300] 320 [600] 370 [700] 760 [1400]

Manual on the Use of Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement , ASTM MNL-12 MNL-12,, 1993. Type C thermoelements are not suitable for use in the presence of oxygen; therefore, protection for these thermocouples must provide an inert or non-oxidizing environment. C  No. 24 AWG thermoelements are common for this thermocouple type, but other sizes are available and, with adequate protection, are generally useable over the same temperature range. B 

7

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 7 Polynomial Coefficients for Generating Thermocouple Emf as a Function of Temperature

NOTE   1—The following table contains sets of polynomial coefficients used to compute emfs for the various types of thermocouples and for their individual thermoelements paired with Pt–67, when reference junctions are at 0°C. NOTE 2—The coefficients given are for an expression of the form: E = c 0 + c1t + c2t2 + c3t3... + cntn. In this expression, E is in millivolts, t is in °C, and c0, c1, c2... cn   are the coefficients given in the following table. For the Type K thermocouple and the Type KN thermoelement, coefficients b 0  and b1   for an exponential term containing  e , the natural logarithm base, also appear in the table. This term is of the form: b0e  b 1(t − 126.9686)   2 and, where given, it is to be evaluated and added to the polynomial result. NOTE   3—If emf values on another temperature scale are desired, first convert the desired temperature to its equivalent in °C, then evaluate the appropriate polynomial from the table below using the °C equivalent temperature. TYPE B  Thermocouple 0 °C to 630.615 630.61 5 °C

Temperature Range c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8

                 

= = = = = = = = =

0.0 –2.465 5.904 –1.325 1.566 –1.694 6.299

834 117 163 190 924 709

6 1 6 1 0 4

× × × × × ×

10   –4 10   –6 10   –9 10–12 10–15 10–19

TYPE E  Thermocouple –270 °C to 0 °C

Temperature Range c0   c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10   c11   c12   c13  

= = = = = = = = = = = = = =

0.0 5.866 4.541 –7.799 –2.580 –5.945 –9.321 –1.028 –8.037 –4.397 –1.641 –3.967 –5.582 –3.465

Temperature Range c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8

                 

= = = = = = = = =

0.0 5.038 3.047 –8.568 1.322 –1.705 2.094 –1.253 1.563

Temperature Range

Expo Ex pone nent ntia iall Co Coef effi fici cien ents ts See Note See  Note 2  

081 042 793 829 452 034

630.615 °C 630.615 to 1820 °C –3.893 816 862 1 .... 2.857 174 747 0 × 10   –2 –8.4 –8 .488 88 510 478 5 × 10   –5 1.578 528 016 4 × 10   –7 –1.6 –1 .683 83 534 486 4 × 10–10 1.1 1. 110 979 401 3 × 10–13 –4.4 –4 .451 51 543 103 3 × 10–17 9.897 564 082 1 × 10–21 –9.379 133 028 9 × 10–25

c0   c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10   b0   b1  

= = = = = = = = = = = = =

0.0 3.945 2.362 –3.285 –4.990 –6.750 –5.741 –3.108 –1.045 –1.988 –1.632

550 870 8 × 10   –2 097 712 4 × 10   –5 804 868 6 × 10   –7 016 084 3 × 10   –8 258 305 7 × 10–10 405 866 7 × 10–12 760 553 4 × 10–13 012 362 1 × 10–16 949 739 1 × 10–18 477 635 5 × 10–20 361 951 6 × 10–23 732 872 1 × 10–26 784 201 3 × 10–29 TYPE J  Thermocouple –210 °C to 760 °C 118 781 5 × 10   –2 583 693 0 × 10   –5 106 572 0 × 10   –8 819 529 5 × 10–10 295 833 7 × 10–13 809 069 7 × 10–16 839 533 6 × 10–19 172 569 7 × 10–23 TYPE K  Thermocouple –270 °C to 0 °C 012 237 890 482 905 032 887 160 926 269

802 359 678 877 917 742 289 936 687 748

5 8 4 7 3 8 4 5 8 6

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –7 10   –9 10 –11 10–13 10–15 10–17 10–20 10–23

0 °C to 1000 °C 0.0 5.866 550 871 0 4.503 227 558 2 2.890 840 721 2 –3.3 –3 .305 05 689 665 2 6.502 440 327 0 –1.9 –1 .919 19 749 550 4 –1.2 –1 .253 53 660 049 7 2.148 921 756 9 –1.4 –1 .438 38 804 178 2 3.596 089 948 1

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10–10 10 –13 10–16 10–18 10 –21 10–24 10 –28

760 °C to 1200 °C 2.964 562 568 1 –1.497 612 778 6 3.178 710 392 4 –3.1 –3 .184 84 768 670 1 1.572 081 900 4 –3.0 –3 .069 69 136 905 6

× . × × × ×

10

10   –3 10   –6 10   –9 10–13

0 °C to 1372 °C –1.760 041 368 6 3.892 120 497 5 1.855 877 003 2 –9.9 –9 .945 45 759 287 4 3.184 094 571 9 –5.6 –5 .607 07 284 488 9 5.607 505 905 9 –3.2 –3 .202 02 072 000 3 9.71 9. 715 5 114 715 2 –1.2 –1 .210 10 472 127 5

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10 –10 10–13 10 –16 10–19 10–23 10–26

1.185 976 × 10 –1.183 432 × 10 TYPE N  Thermocouple –270 °C to 0 °C

Temperature Range c0   =

0.0

0 °C to 1300 °C 0.0

8

  2

 

–1

 

–4

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 7   Continued  c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10  

= = = = = = = = = =

2.615 1.095 –9.384 –4.641 –2.630 –2.265 –7.608 –9.341

910 748 111 203 335 343 930 966

596 422 155 975 771 800 079 783

2 8 4 9 6 3 1 5

× × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10   –11 10   –12 10   –14 10   –17 10   –20

2.592 939 460 1 1.571 014 188 0 4.382 562 723 7 –2.5 –2 .526 26 116 116 97 979 9 4 6.431 181 933 9 –1.0 –1 .006 06 347 151 9 9.974 533 899 2 –6.0 –6 .086 86 324 560 7 2.084 922 933 9 –3.068 219 615 1

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10–10 10 –13 10–15 10 –19 10–22 10–25 10–29

TYPE R  Thermocouple

Temperature Range

–50 to°C 1064.18 1064.1 8 °C c0 c1 c2 c3 c4

         

= = = = =

0.0 5.289 1.391 –2.388 3.569

617 665 556 160

297 897 930 010

65 82 17 63

× × × ×

1064.1 1064.18 to 8 °C 1664.5 °C 2.951 579 253 16 –2.520 612 513 32 1.595 645 018 65 –7.640 859 475 76 2.053 052 910 24

10   –3 10   –5 10   –8 10 –11

. × × × ×

10   –3 10   –5 10   –9 10–12

1664.5 to °C 1768.1 °C 1.522 321 182 09 –2.688 198 885 45 1.712 802 804 71 –3.458 957 064 53 –9.346 339 710 46

× × × × ×

10   2 10 –1 10–4 10 –8 10

× × × × ×

10   2 10 –1 10–4 10 –8 10

–15

c5   =

–2.933 596 681 73 × 10–16

–4.623 476 662 98 × 10 –14

c6   = c7   =

5.007 774 410 34 × 10–17 –3.731 058 861 91 × 10 –20

c8   = c9   =

1.577 164 823 67 × 10–23 –2.810 386 252 51 × 10 –27

TYPE S  Thermocouple

–50 °C to 1064.18 1064.1 8 °C

Temperature Range c0 c1 c2 c3 c4

         

= = = = =

0.0 5.403 1.259 –2.324 3.220

133 342 779 288

086 897 686 230

31 40 89 36

× × × ×

1064.18 °C 1064.18 to 1664.5 °C 1.329 004 440 85 3.345 093 113 44 6.548 051 928 18 –1.648 562 592 09 1.299 896 051 74

  –3

10 10   –5 10   –8 10 –11

. × × × ×

  –3

10 10   –6 10   –9 10–14

1664.5 °C to 1768.1 °C 1.466 282 326 36 –2.584 305 167 52 1.636 935 746 41 –3.304 390 469 87 –9.432 236 906 12 –15

c5   =

–3.314 651 963 89 × 10 –14

c6   = c7   =

2.557 442 517 86 × 10–17 –1.250 688 713 93 × 10 –20

c8   = Temperature Range c0 c1 c2 c3

       

= = = =

c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10   c11   c12   c13   c14  

= = = = = = = = = = =

c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5

= = = = = =

           

2.714 431 761 45 × 10–24 TYPE T  Thermocouple –270 °C to 0 °C 0.0 3.874 810 636 4 × 10   –2 4.419 443 434 7 × 10   –5 1.184 432 310 5 × 10   –7 2.003 9.013 2.265 3.607 3.849 2.821 1.425 4.876 1.079 1.394 7.979

–8 297 355 4 × 10    –10 801 955 9 × 10 115 659 3 × 10   –11 115 420 5 × 10   –13 393 988 3 × 10   –15 352 192 5 × 10   –17 159 477 9 × 10   –19 866 228 6 × 10   –22 553 927 0 × 10   –24 502 706 2 × 10   –27 515 392 7 × 10   –31 TYPE C  Coefficients t  =   = 0 °C to 2315 °C 0 °C to 630.615 °C

0.0000000 1.3406032 × 10  –2 1.1924992 × 10  –5 -7. 7.98 9806 0635 354 4 × 10 –9 -5. 5.07 0787 8751 515 5 × 10 –12 1.3164197 × 10  –14

0 °C to 400 °C 0.0 3.874 810 636 4 × 10   –2 3.329 222 788 0 × 10   –5 2.061 824 340 4 × 10   –7 –2.188 –2.1 88 225 684 6 1.099 688 092 8 –3.0 –3 .081 81 575 877 2 4.547 913 529 0 –2.7 –2 .751 51 290 167 3

630.615 °C to 2315 °C   4.0528823 × 10   1.1509 1.1 509355 355 × 10   1.5696 1.5 696453 453 × 10   –1.370 –1. 370441 4412 2 × 10   5.2290 5.2 290873 873 × 10   –9.208 –9. 208275 2758 8 × 10

 –18

c6   = Temperature Range

× × × × ×

 

-7. 7.91 9197 9733 332 2 × 10 TYPE BP  Thermoelement vs. Platinum (NIST Pt–67) 0 °C to 630.615 630.61 5 °C

9

4.524511 4.5245 112 2 × 10 630.615 °C 630.615 to 1768.1 °C

10   –9 10 –11 10–14 10 –17 10–20

–1 –2 –5 –8 –12 –16 –20

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 7   Continued  c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8

                 

= = = = = = = = =

0.0 4.822 1.565 –2.223 2.833 –2.025 6.148

787 116 379 324 894 870

568 570 788 407 044 509

7 9 2 4 7 6

× × × × × ×

10   –3 10   –5 10   –8 10 –11 10–14 10–18

TYPE BN   Thermoelement vs. Platinum (NIST Pt–67) 0 °C

Temperature Range

to 5 °C 630.61 630.615 c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8

                 

= = = = = = = = =

Temperature Range c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8

                 

= = = = = = = = =

c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8

                 

= = = = = = = = =

Temperature Range

Temperature Range c0   c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10   c11   c12   c13  

= = = = = = = = = = = = = =

Temperature Range c0   = c1   =

0.0 5.069 9.747 –2.090 2.676 –1.856 5.518

295 123 800 641 448 967

752 592 471 488 752 038

2 0 8 3 3 6

× × × × × ×

10   –3 10   –6 10   –8 10 –11 10–14 10–18

TYPE JP   Thermoelement vs. Platinum (NIST Pt–67) –210 °C to 760 °C 0.0 1.791 354 855 9 × 10   –2 4.677 466 335 8 × 10   –6 –7.122 599 299 1 × 10   –8 1.335 212 501 6 × 10–10 –1.500 896 263 9 × 10–13 1.551 431 962 5 × 10–16 –7.950 357 212 5 × 10–20 2.429 790 391 0 × 10–24 Platinum (NIST Pt–67) vs.  TYPE JN  Thermoelement –210 °C to 760 °C 0.0 3.246 763 925 6 × 10   –2 2.579 837 059 4 × 10   –5 –1.445 507 273 0 × 10   –8 –1.239 297 209 3 × 10–12 –2.043 995 698 0 × 10–14 5.433 771 071 8 × 10–17 –4.588 038 123 5 × 10–20 1.320 193 530 6 × 10–23 TYPE KP or EP   Thermoelement vs. Platinum (NIST Pt–67) –270 °C to 0 °C

0.0 2.581 195 057 4 × 10   –2 2.299 008 894 3 × 10   –5 –6.157 475 446 0 × 10   –7 –2.327 184 376 5 × 10   –8 –5.457 033 359 6 × 10–10 –7.845 394 226 4 × 10–12 –7.251 284 060 8 × 10–14 –4.356 917 479 1 × 10–16 –1.664 752 760 6 × 10–18 –3.737 720 750 1 × 10–21 –3.774 144 269 5 × 10–24 1.002 535 559 0 × 10–27 3.893 531 072 5 × 10–30 Platinum Platin um (NIST Pt–67) vs.  TYPE KN  Thermoelement –270 °C to 0 °C 0.0 1.363 817 745 2 × 10   –2

–7.968 043 228 2 . 6.39 6. 394 4 111 02 021 1 3 × –1.7 –1 .710 10 242 141 0 × 3.055 578 252 7 × –3.2 –3 .210 10 574 449 2 × 2.090 910 279 4 × –8.2 –8 .233 33 582 542 6 × 1.782 284 151 5 × –1.618 707 418 7 × 630.615 630.61 5 °C to °C 1768.1 –4.074 226 366 2 3.536 936 274 3 –8.6 –8 .613 13 910 931 5 1.477 050 236 2 –1.5 –1 .527 27 039 962 9 9.799 308 780 5 –3.7 –3 .782 82 039 439 3 7.925 277 432 8 –6.807 941 157 8

. × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –7 10–10 10 –14 10–17 10–21 10–25

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10 –11 10–14 10–17 10 –20 10–23 10 –26 10–30

0 °C to 1372 °C 0.0 2.581 195 057 3 2.683 139 535 5 –3.8 –3 .867 67 519 441 2 3.030 555 323 4 –1.0 –1 .028 28 040 353 3 –3.4 –3 .448 48 171 733 0 8.251 289 448 0 –7.8 –7 .889 89 338 217 7 3.569 925 312 6 –6.3 –6 .331 31 536 065 9

0 °C to 1372 °C –1.760 041 368 6 × 10   –2 1.310 925 440 3 × 10   –2

  –7

c2 c3 c4 c5 c6

         

= = = = =

6.322 2.871 1.828 4.781 7.271

846 584 136 942 290

542 767 088 767 952

6 6 7 9 1

× × × × ×

10

10   –7 10 10   –8 10–10 10–12

10   –2 10   –4 10   –7 10–10 10 –13 10–17 10–20 10–24

  –6

–8.272 –8.2 72 625 323 0 –6.0 –6 .078 78 239 846 2 2.881 039 039 6 –5.5 –5 .504 04 480 453 6 5.952 323 079 2

× × × × ×

10   –8 10 10 –10 10–13 10 –16

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 7   Continued 

Expo Ex pone nent ntia iall Co Coef effi fici cien ents ts See Note See  Note 2  

c7   c8   c9   c10   c11   c12   c13   b0   b1  

= = = = = = = = =

6.940 4.252 1.644 3.721 3.774 –1.002 –3.893

395 401 863 398 144 535 531

331 385 493 052 269 559 072

9 5 8 6 5 0 5

× × × × × × ×

10–14 10–16 10–18 10–21 10–24 10–27 10–30

0 to °C c0   c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10  

= = = = = = = = = = =

Temperature Range c0   c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10  

= = = = = = = = = = =

Temperature Range c0   c1   c2   c3   c4   c5   c6   c7   c8   c9   c10   c11   c12   c13   c14  

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

Temperature Range c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 c9

                   

= = = = = = = = = =

c10 c11 c12 c13

       

= = = =

0.0 1.541 2.570 –9.018 –5.365 –3.352 –7.272

798 738 782 479 621 344

843 245 577 300 597 767

0 7 1 5 6 0

× × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10–10 10–12 10–15

Platinum Platin um (NIST Pt–67) vs.  TYPE NN  Thermoelement –200 °C to 0 °C 0.0 1.074 111 753 2 × 10   –2 –1.474 989 822 9 × 10   –5 –3.653 285 783 2 × 10   –9 4.901 358 902 9 × 10–10 7.222 858 260 4 × 10–13 –1.538 109 323 6 × 10–14 –7.608 930 079 1 × 10–17 –9.341 966 783 5 × 10–20

TYPE TP  Thermoelement vs. Platinum (NIST Pt–67) –270 °C to 0 °C 0.0 5.894 548 229 7 × 10   –3 2.177 354 616 7 × 10   –5 2.826 761 733 1 × 10   –7 2.256 129 063 2 × 10   –8 9.502 026 902 0 × 10–10 2.412 716 823 3 × 10 –11 3.910 747 567 8 × 10–13 4.217 403 476 6 × 10–15

3.094 671 890 4 × 10–17 1.551 930 033 9 × 10–19 5.235 860 981 1 × 10–22 1.136 383 791 3 × 10–24 1.433 054 079 2 × 10–27 7.979 515 392 7 × 10–31 Platinum (NIST Pt–67) vs.  TYPE TN or EN  Thermoelement –270 °C to 0 °C 0.0 3.285 355 813 4 × 10   –2 2.242 088 818 1 × 10   –5 –1.642 329 422 6 × 10   –7 –2.528 317 078 0 × 10   –9 –4.882 249 460 9 × 10 –11 –1.476 011 640 4 × 10 –12 –3.036 321 473 1 × 10–14 –3.680 094 883 0 × 10–16 –2.733 196 978 5 × 10–18

10–19 10 –22 10–26 10 –30

× × × ×

1.185 976 × 10 –1.183 432 × 10 TYPE NP  Thermoelement vs. Platinum (NIST Pt–67) –200 °C

Temperature Range

–4.027 –4.0 27 200 945 1 1.760 445 293 3 –4.7 –4 .780 80 397 440 1 6.331 536 065 9

 

–1

 

–4

0 °C to °C 1300 0.0 1.544 538 594 7 2.672 234 128 9 –2.5 –2 .559 59 531 305 2 –3.3 –3 .302 02 809 741 4 2.007 532 297 1 –4.2 –4 .270 70 815 423 0 5.181 347 352 2 –3.688 712 493 1 1.426 873 470 8 –2.312 130 215 4

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10–11 10 –13 10–16 10–19 10–22 10–25 10–29

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10–10 10 –13 10–16 10 –19 10–22 10–26 10–30

× × × × × × × × × ×

10   –3 10   –5 10   –7 10   –9 10 –11 10–14 10 –17 10–20 10 –24 10–28

× × × × × × × × ×

10   –2 10   –5 10   –8 10–10 10 –13 10–16 10–18 10 –21 10–24

0 °C to 1300 °C 0.0 1.048 400 865 5 –1.1 –1 .101 01 219 940 9 6.942 094 028 9 –2.1 –2 .195 95 836 005 3 4.423 649 636 8 –5.7 –5 .792 92 656 096 4 4.793 186 547 0 –2.3 –2 .397 97 612 067 6 6.580 494 631 8 –7.560 893 996 5 0 °C to 400 °C 0.0 5.894 548 226 5 1.509 134 765 2 1.385 988 324 2 –1.8 –1 .827 27 351 164 9 1.033 635 649 1 –3.0 –3 .065 65 826 553 4 4.681 530 823 5 –2.9 –2 .974 74 071 681 2 1.474 503 431 3 –3.6 –3 .659 59 405 308 7

0 °C to 1000 °C 0.0 3.285 355 813 8 1.820 088 022 7 6.758 360 162 4 –3.6 –3 .608 08 745 197 5 6.605 244 362 3 –1.5 –1 .574 74 932 377 1 –1.3 –1 .336 36 172 944 2 2.227 815 139 1 –1.4 –1 .474 74 503 431 3

–20

–1.267 –3.589 –5.682 –3.855

705 947 986 137

560 524 428 308

5 7 0 5

× × × ×

11

10–23 10 10–26 10–29

–28

3.659 405 308 7 × 10

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 8 Type B Thermocouple Temperature in Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refer ence Junctions at 0°C

°C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 0 10 20 30 40

0.000 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.000

–0.000 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.000

–0.000 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.000

–0.001 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 0.000

–0.001 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 0.000

–0.001 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001 0.001

–0.001 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001 0.001

–0.001 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001 0.001

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 0.001 0.002

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.001 0.002

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.000 0.002

50 60 70 80 90

0.002 0.006 0.011 0.017 0.025

0.003 0.007 0.012 0.018 0.026

0.003 0.007 0.012 0.019 0.026

0.003 0.008 0.013 0.020 0.027

0.004 0.008 0.014 0.020 0.028

0.004 0.009 0.014 0.021 0.029

0.004 0.009 0.015 0.022 0.030

0.005 0.010 0.015 0.022 0.031

0.005 0.010 0.016 0.023 0.031

0.006 0.011 0.017 0.024 0.032

0.006 0.011 0.017 0.025 0.033

100 110 120 130 140

0.033 0.043 0.053 0.065 0.078

0.034 0.044 0.055 0.066 0.079

0.035 0.045 0.056 0.068 0.081

0.036 0.046 0.057 0.069 0.082

0.037 0.047 0.058 0.070 0.084

0.038 0.048 0.059 0.072 0.085

0.039 0.049 0.060 0.073 0.086

0.040 0.050 0.062 0.074 0.088

0.041 0.051 0.063 0.075 0.089

0.042 0.052 0.064 0.077 0.091

0.043 0.053 0.065 0.078 0.092

150 160 170 180 190

0.092 0.107 0.123 0.141 0.159

0.094 0.109 0.125 0.142 0.161

0.095 0.110 0.127 0.144 0.163

0.096 0.112 0.128 0.146 0.165

0.098 0.113 0.130 0.148 0.166

0.099 0.115 0.132 0.150 0.168

0.101 0.117 0.134 0.151 0.170

0.102 0.118 0.135 0.153 0.172

0.104 0.120 0.137 0.155 0.174

0.106 0.122 0.139 0.157 0.176

0.107 0.123 0.141 0.159 0.178

200 210

0.178 0.199

0.180 0.201

0.182 0.203

0.184 0.205

0.186 0.207

0.188 0.209

0.190 0.212

0.192 0.214

0.195 0.216

0.197 0.218

0.199 0.220

220 230 240

0.220 0.243 0.267

0.222 0.245 0.269

0.225 0.248 0.271

0.227 0.250 0.274

0.229 0.252 0.276

0.231 0.255 0.279

0.234 0.257 0.281

0.236 0.259 0.284

0.238 0.262 0.286

0.241 0.264 0.289

0.243 0.267 0.291

250 260 270 280 290

0.291 0.317 0.344 0.372 0.401

0.294 0.320 0.347 0.375 0.404

0.296 0.322 0.349 0.377 0.407

0.299 0.325 0.352 0.380 0.410

0.301 0.328 0.355 0.383 0.413

0.304 0.330 0.358 0.386 0.416

0.307 0.333 0.360 0.389 0.419

0.309 0.336 0.363 0.392 0.422

0.312 0.338 0.366 0.395 0.425

0.314 0.341 0.369 0.398 0.428

0.317 0.344 0.372 0.401 0.431

300 310 320 330 340

0.431 0.462 0.494 0.527 0.561

0.434 0.465 0.497 0.530 0.564

0.437 0.468 0.500 0.533 0.568

0.440 0.471 0.503 0.537 0.571

0.443 0.474 0.507 0.540 0.575

0.446 0.478 0.510 0.544 0.578

0.449 0.481 0.513 0.547 0.582

0.452 0.484 0.517 0.550 0.585

0.455 0.487 0.520 0.554 0.589

0.458 0.490 0.523 0.557 0.592

0.462 0.494 0.527 0.561 0.596

350 360 370 380

0.596 0.632 0.669 0.707

0.599 0.636 0.673 0.711

0.603 0.639 0.677 0.715

0.607 0.643 0.680 0.719

0.610 0.647 0.684 0.723

0.614 0.650 0.688 0.727

0.617 0.654 0.692 0.731

0.621 0.658 0.696 0.735

0.625 0.662 0.700 0.738

0.628 0.665 0.703 0.742

0.632 0.669 0.707 0.746

390

0.746

0.750

0.754

0.758

0.762

0.766

0.770

0.774

0.778

0.782

0.787

400 410 420 430 440

0.787 0.828 0.870 0.913 0.957

0.791 0.832 0.874 0.917 0.961

0.795 0.836 0.878 0.922 0.966

0.799 0.840 0.883 0.926 0.970

0.803 0.844 0.887 0.930 0.975

0.807 0.849 0.891 0.935 0.979

0.811 0.853 0.896 0.939 0.984

0.815 0.857 0.900 0.944 0.988

0.819 0.861 0.904 0.948 0.993

0.824 0.866 0.909 0.953 0.997

0.828 0.870 0.913 0.957 1.002

450 460 470 480 490

1.002 1.048 1.095 1.143 1.192

1.007 1.053 1.100 1.148 1.197

1.011 1.057 1.105 1.153 1.202

1.016 1.062 1.109 1.158 1.207

1.020 1.067 1.114 1.163 1.212

1.025 1.071 1.119 1.167 1.217

1.030 1.076 1.124 1.172 1.222

1.034 1.081 1.129 1.177 1.227

1.039 1.086 1.133 1.182 1.232

1.043 1.090 1.138 1.187 1.237

1.048 1.095 1.143 1.192 1.242

500 510 520 530 540

1.242 1.293 1.344 1.397 1.451

1.247 1.298 1.350 1.402 1.456

1.252 1.303 1.355 1.408 1.462

1.257 1.308 1.360 1.413 1.467

1.262 1.313 1.365 1.418 1.472

1.267 1.318 1.371 1.424 1.478

1.272 1.324 1.376 1.429 1.483

1.277 1.329 1.381 1.435 1.489

1.282 1.334 1.387 1.440 1.494

1.288 1.339 1.392 1.445 1.500

1.293 1.344 1.397 1.451 1.505

550 560 570 580 590

1.505 1.561 1.617 1.675 1.733

1.511 1.566 1.623 1.680 1.739

1.516 1.572 1.629 1.686 1.745

1.522 1.578 1.634 1.692 1.750

1.527 1.583 1.640 1.698 1.756

1.533 1.589 1.646 1.704 1.762

1.539 1.595 1.652 1.709 1.768

1.544 1.600 1.657 1.715 1.774

1.550 1.506 1.663 1.721 1.780

1.555 1.612 1.669 1.727 1.786

1.561 1.617 1.675 1.733 1.792

12

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 8   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refer ence Junctions at 0°C

°C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 600 610 620 630 640

1.792 1.852 1.913 1.975 2.037

1.798 1.858 1.919 1.981 2.043

1.804 1.864 1.925 1.987 2.050

1.810 1.870 1.931 1.993 2.056

1.816 1.876 1.937 1.999 2.062

1.822 1.882 1.944 2.006 2.069

1.828 1.888 1.950 2.012 2.075

1.834 1.894 1.956 2.018 2.082

1.840 1.901 1.962 2.025 2.088

1.846 1.907 1.968 2.031 2.094

1.852 1.913 1.975 2.037 2.101

650 660 670 680 690

2.101 2.165 2.230 2.296 2.363

2.107 2.171 2.237 2.303 2.370

2.113 2.178 2.243 2.309 2.376

2.120 2.184 2.250 2.316 2.383

2.126 2.191 2.256 2.323 2.390

2.133 2.197 2.263 2.329 2.397

2.139 2.204 2.270 2.336 2.403

2.146 2.210 2.276 2.343 2.410

2.152 2.217 2.283 2.350 2.417

2.158 2.224 2.289 2.356 2.424

2.165 2.230 2.296 2.363 2.431

700 710 720 730 740

2.431 2.499 2.569 2.639 2.710

2.437 2.506 2.576 2.646 2.717

2.444 2.513 2.583 2.653 2.724

2.451 2.520 2.590 2.660 2.731

2.458 2.527 2.597 2.667 2.738

2.465 2.534 2.604 2.674 2.746

2.472 2.541 2.611 2.681 2.753

2.479 2.548 2.618 2.688 2.760

2.485 2.555 2.625 2.696 2.767

2.492 2.562 2.632 2.703 2.775

2.499 2.569 2.639 2.710 2.782

750 760 770 780 790

2.782 2.854 2.928 3.002 3.078

2.789 2.862 2.935 3.010 3.085

2.796 2.869 2.943 3.017 3.093

2.803 2.876 2.950 3.025 3.100

2.811 2.884 2.958 3.032 3.108

2.818 2.891 2.965 3.040 3.116

2.825 2.898 2.973 3.047 3.123

2.833 2.906 2.980 3.055 3.131

2.840 2.913 2.987 3.062 3.138

2.847 2.921 2.995 3.070 3.146

2.854 2.928 3.002 3.078 3.154

800

3.154

3.161

3.169

3.177

3.184

3.192

3.200

3.207

3.215

3.223

3.230

8 81 20 0 830 840

3 3..2 33 00 8 3.386 3.466

3 3..2 33 18 6 3.394 3.474

3 3..2 34 26 4 3.402 3.482

3 3..2 35 34 1 3.410 3.490

3 3..2 36 31 9 3.418 3.498

3 3..2 36 49 7 3.426 3.506

3 3..2 37 57 5 3.434 3.514

3 3..2 38 65 3 3.442 3.522

3 3..2 39 72 1 3.450 3.530

3 3..3 30 70 9 3.458 3.538

3 3..3 30 88 6 3.466 3.546

850 860 870 880 890

3.546 3.626 3.708 3.790 3.873

3.554 3.634 3.716 3.798 3.882

3.562 3.643 3.724 3.807 3.890

3.570 3.651 3.732 3.815 3.898

3.578 3.659 3.741 3.823 3.907

3.586 3.667 3.749 3.832 3.915

3.594 3.675 3.757 3.840 3.923

3.602 3.683 3.765 3.848 3.932

3.610 3.692 3.774 3.857 3.940

3.618 3.700 3.782 3.865 3.949

3.626 3.708 3.790 3.873 3.957

900 910 920 930 940

3.957 4.041 4.127 4.213 4.299

3.965 4.050 4.135 4.221 4.308

3.974 4.058 4.144 4.230 4.317

3.982 4.067 4.152 4.239 4.326

3.991 4.075 4.161 4.247 4.334

3.999 4.084 4.170 4.256 4.343

4.008 4.093 4.178 4.265 4.352

4.016 4.101 4.187 4.273 4.360

4.024 4.110 4.195 4.282 4.369

4.033 4.118 4.204 4.291 4.378

4.041 4.127 4.213 4.299 4.387

950 960 970 980 990

4.387 4.475 4.564 4.653 4.743

4.396 4.484 4.573 4.662 4.753

4.404 4.493 4.582 4.671 4.762

4.413 4.501 4.591 4.680 4.771

4.422 4.510 4.599 4.689 4.780

4.431 4.519 4.608 4.698 4.789

4.440 4.528 4.617 4.707 4.798

4.448 4.537 4.626 4.716 4.807

4.457 4.546 4.635 4.725 4.816

4.466 4.555 4.644 4.734 4.825

4.475 4.564 4.653 4.743 4.834

1000 1010 1020 1030 1040

4.834 4.926 5.018 5.111 5.205

4.843 4.935 5.027 5.120 5.214

4.853 4.944 5.037 5.130 5.223

4.862 4.954 5.046 5.139 5.233

4.871 4.963 5.055 5.148 5.242

4.880 4.972 5.065 5.158 5.252

4.889 4.981 5.074 5.167 5.261

4.898 4.990 5.083 5.176 5.270

4.908 5.000 5.092 5.186 5.280

4.917 5.009 5.102 5.195 5.289

4.926 5.018 5.111 5.205 5.299

1050 1060 1070 1080 1090

5.299 5.394 5.489 5.585 5.682

5.308 5.403 5.499 5.595 5.692

5.318 5.413 5.508 5.605 5.702

5.327 5.422 5.518 5.614 5.711

5.337 5.432 5.528 5.624 5.721

5.346 5.441 5.537 5.634 5.731

5.356 5.451 5.547 5.643 5.740

5.365 5.460 5.555 5.653 5.750

5.375 5.470 5.566 5.663 5.760

5.384 5.480 5.576 5.672 5.770

5.394 5.489 5.585 5.682 5.780

1100 1110 1120 1130 1140

5.780 5.878 5.976 6.075 6.175

5.789 5.887 5.986 6.085 6.185

5.799 5.897 5.996 6.095 6.195

5.809 5.907 6.006 6.105 6.205

5.819 5.917 6.016 6.115 5.215

5.828 5.927 6.026 6.125 6.225

5.838 5.937 6.036 6.135 6.235

5.848 5.947 6.046 6.145 6.245

5.858 5.956 6.055 6.155 6.256

5.868 5.966 6.065 6.165 6.266

5.878 5.976 6.075 6.175 6.276

1150 1160 1170 1180

6.276 6.377 6.478 6.580

6.286 6.387 6.488 6.591

6.296 6.397 6.499 6.601

6.306 6.407 6.509 6.611

6.316 5.417 6.519 6.621

6.326 6.427 6.529 6.632

6.336 6.438 6.539 6.642

6.346 6.448 6.550 6.652

6.356 6.458 6.560 6.663

6.367 6.468 6.570 6.673

6.377 6.478 6.580 6.683

13

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 8   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refer ence Junctions at 0°C

°C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 1190

6.683

6.693

6.704

6.714

6.724

6.735

6.745

6.755

6.766

6.776

6.786

1200 1210 1220 1230

6.786 6.890 6.995 7.100

6.797 6.901 7.005 7.110

6.807 6.911 7.016 7.121

6.818 6.922 7.026 7.131

6.828 6.932 7.037 7.142

6.838 6.942 7.047 7.152

6.849 6.953 7.058 7.163

6.859 6.963 7.068 7.173

6.869 6.974 7.079 7.184

5.880 6.984 7.089 7.194

6.890 6.995 7.100 7.205

1240

7.205

7.216

7.226

7.237

7.247

7.258

7.269

7.279

7.290

7.300

7.311

1250 1260 1270 1280 1290

7.311 7.417 7.524 7.632 7.740

7.322 7.428 7.535 7.643 7.751

7.332 7.439 7.546 7.653 7.761

7.343 7.449 7.557 7.664 7.772

7.353 7.460 7.567 7.675 7.783

7.364 7.471 7.578 7.686 7.794

7.375 7.482 7.589 7.697 7.805

7.385 7.492 7.600 7.707 7.816

7.396 7.503 7.610 7.718 7.827

7.407 7.514 7.621 7.729 7.837

7.417 7.524 7.632 7.740 7.848

1300 1310 1320 1330 1340

7.848 7.957 8.066 8.176 8.286

7.859 7.968 8.077 8.187 8.298

7.870 7.979 8.088 8.198 8.309

7.881 7.990 8.099 8.209 8.320

7.892 8.001 8.110 8.220 8.331

7.903 8.012 8.121 8.231 8.342

7.914 8.023 8.132 8.242 8.353

7.924 8.034 8.143 8.253 8.364

7.935 8.045 8.154 8.264 8.375

7.946 8.056 8.165 8.275 8.386

7.957 8.066 8.176 8.286 8.397

1350 1360 1370 1380 1390

8.397 8.508 8.620 8.731 8.844

8.408 8.519 8.631 8.743 8.855

8.419 8.530 8.642 8.754 8.866

8.430 8.542 8.653 8.765 8.877

8.441 8.553 8.664 8.776 8.889

8.453 8.564 8.675 8.787 8.900

8.464 8.575 8.687 8.799 8.911

8.475 8.586 8.698 8.810 8.922

8.486 8.597 8.709 8.821 8.934

8.497 8.508 8.720 8.832 8.945

8.508 8.620 8.731 8.844 8.956

1400 1410 1420 1430 1440

8.956 9.069 9.182 9.296 9.410

8.967 9.080 9.194 9.307 9.421

8.979 9.092 9.205 9.319 9.433

8.990 9.103 9.216 9.330 9.444

9.001 9.114 9.228 9.342 9.456

9.013 9.126 9.239 9.353 9.467

9.024 9.137 9.251 9.364 9.478

9.035 9.148 9.262 9.376 9.490

9.047 9.160 9.273 9.387 9.501

9.058 9.171 9.285 9.398 9.513

9.069 9.182 9.296 9.410 9.524

1450 1460 1470 1480 1490

9.524 9.639 9.753 9.868 9.984

9.536 9.650 9.765 9.880 9.995

9.547 9.662 9.776 9.891 10.007

9.558 9.673 9.788 9.903 10.018

9.570 9.684 9.799 9.914 10.030

9.581 9.696 9.811 9.926 10.041

9.593 9.707 9.822 9.937 10.053

9.604 9.719 9.834 9.949 10.064

9.616 9.730 9.845 9.961 10.076

9.627 9.742 9.857 9.972 10.088

9.639 9.753 9.868 9.984 10.099

1500 1510 1520 1530 1540

10.099 10.215 10.331 10.447 10.563

10.111 10.226 10.342 10.458 10.575

10.122 10.238 10.354 10.470 10.586

10.134 10.249 10.365 10.482 10.598

10.145 10.261 10.377 10.493 10.609

10.157 10.273 10.389 10.505 10.621

10.168 10.284 10.400 10.516 10.633

10.180 10.296 10.412 10.528 10.644

10.192 10.307 10.423 10.540 10.656

10.203 10.319 10.435 10.551 10.668

10.215 10.331 10.447 10.563 10.679

1550 1560 1570 1580 1590

10.679 10.796 10.913 11.029 11.146

10.691 10.808 10.924 11.041 11.158

10.703 10.819 10.936 11.053 11.169

10.714 10.831 10.948 11.064 11.181

10.726 10.843 10.959 11.076 11.193

10.738 10.854 10.971 11.088 11.205

10.749 10.866 10.983 11.099 11.216

10.761 10.877 10.994 11.111 11.228

10.773 10.889 11.006 11.123 11.240

10.784 10.901 11.018 11.134 11.251

10.796 10.913 11.029 11.146 11.263

1600 1610 1620 1630 1640

11.263 11.380 11.497 11.614 11.731

11.275 11.392 11.509 11.626 11.743

11.286 11.403 11.520 11.637 11.754

11.298 11.415 11.532 11.649 11.766

11.310 11.427 11.544 11.661 11.778

11.321 11.438 11.555 11.673 11.790

11.333 11.450 11.567 11.684 11.801

11.345 11.462 11.579 11.696 11.813

11.357 11.474 11.591 11.708 11.825

11.368 11.485 11.602 11.719 11.836

11.380 11.497 11.614 11.731 11.848

1650 1660 1670 1680 1690

11.848 11.965 12.082 12.199 12.316

11.860 11.977 12.094 12.211 12.327

11.871 11.988 12.105 12.222 12.339

11.883 12.000 12.117 12.234 12.351

11.895 12.012 12.129 12.246 12.363

11.907 12.024 12.141 12.257 12.374

11.918 12.035 12.152 12.269 12.386

11.930 12.047 12.164 12.281 12.398

11.942 12.059 12.176 12.292 12.409

11.953 12.070 12.187 12.304 12.421

11.965 12.082 12.199 12.316 12.433

1700 1710 1720 1730 1740

12.433 12.549 12.666 12.782 12.898

12.444 12.561 12.677 12.794 12.910

12.456 12.572 12.689 12.805 12.921

12.468 12.584 12.701 12.817 12.933

12.479 12.596 12.712 12.829 12.945

12.491 12.607 12.724 12.840 12.956

12.503 12.619 12.736 12.852 12.968

12.514 12.631 12.747 12.863 12.980

12.526 12.642 12.759 12.875 12.991

12.538 12.554 12.770 12.887 13.003

12.549 12.666 12.782 12.898 13.014

1750 1760 1770

13.014 13.130 13.246

13.026 13.142 13.257

13.037 13.153 13.269

13.049 13.165 13.280

13.061 13.176 13.292

13.072 13.188 13.304

13.084 13.200 13.315

13.095 13.211 13.327

13.107 13.223 13.338

13.119 13.234 13.350

13.130 13.246 13.361

14

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 8   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refer ence Junctions at 0°C

°C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 1780 1790

13.361 13.476

13.373 13.488

13.384 13.499

13.396 13.511

13.407 13.522

13.419 13.534

13.430 13.545

13.442 13.557

13.453 13.568

13.465 13.580

13.476 13.591

1800 1810 1820

13.591 13.706 13.820

13.603 13.717

13.614 13.729

13.626 13.740

13.637 13.752

13.649 13.763

13.660 13.775

13.672 13.786

13.683 13.797

13.694 13.809

13.706 13.820

15

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 9 Type B Thermocouple Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit—Converted from Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refere nce Junctions at 32°F

°F

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 30 40

–0.001

–0.001

0.000 –0.001

–0.000 –0.001

–0.000 –0.001

–0.000 –0.001

–0.001 –0.002

–0.001 –0.002

–0.001 –0.002

–0.001 –0.002

–0.001 –0.002

50 60 70 80 90

–0.002 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002

–0.002 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002

–0.002 –0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002

–0.002 –0.003 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002

–0.002 –0.003 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002

–0.002 –0.003 –0.003 –0.002 0.001

–0.002 –0.003 –0.003 –0.002 –0.001

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001

–0.002 –0.003 –0.002 –0.002 –0.001

100 110 120 130 140

–0.001 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006

–0.001 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006

–0.001 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.007

–0.001 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.007

–0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.007

–0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.007

–0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.008

–0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 0.008

0.000 0.002 0.003 0.006 0.008

0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.009

0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.009

150 160 170 180 190

0.009 0.012 0.015 0.019 0.023

0.009 0.012 0.016 0.019 0.023

0.009 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.024

0.010 0.013 0.016 0.020 0.024

0.010 0.013 0.017 0.021 0.025

0.010 0.014 0.017 0.021 0.025

0.011 0.014 0.017 0.021 0.026

0.011 0.014 0.018 0.022 0.026

0.011 0.015 0.018 0.022 0.027

0.012 0.015 0.019 0.023 0.027

0.012 0.015 0.019 0.023 0.027

200 210 220 230 240

0.027 0.032 0.037 0.043 0.049

0.028 0.033 0.038 0.043 0.049

0.028 0.033 0.038 0.044 0.050

0.029 0.034 0.039 0.044 0.050

0.029 0.034 0.039 0.045 0.051

0.030 0.035 0.040 0.046 0.052

0.030 0.035 0.041 0.046 0.052

0.031 0.036 0.041 0.047 0.053

0.031 0.036 0.042 0.047 0.053

0.032 0.037 0.042 0.048 0.054

0.032 0.037 0.043 0.049 0.055

250 260 270 280 290

0.055 0.061 0.068 0.075 0.083

0.055 0.062 0.069 0.076 0.083

0.056 0.062 0.069 0.077 0.084

0.057 0.063 0.070 0.077 0.085

0.057 0.064 0.071 0.078 0.086

0.058 0.065 0.072 0.079 0.086

0.059 0.065 0.072 0.080 0.087

0.059 0.066 0.073 0.080 0.088

0.060 0.067 0.074 0.081 0.089

0.060 0.067 0.074 0.082 0.090

0.061 0.068 0.075 0.083 0.090

300 310 320 330 340

0.090 0.099 0.107 0.116 0.125

0.091 0.099 0.108 0.117 0.126

0.092 0.100 0.109 0.118 0.127

0.093 0.101 0.110 0.119 0.128

0.094 0.102 0.111 0.120 0.129

0.094 0.103 0.112 0.121 0.130

0.095 0.104 0.112 0.121 0.131

0.096 0.105 0.113 0.122 0.132

0.097 0.105 0.114 0.123 0.133

0.098 0.106 0.115 0.124 0.134

0.099 0.107 0.116 0.125 0.135

350 360 370 380 390

0.135 0.145 0.155 0.165 0.176

0.136 0.146 0.156 0.166 0.177

0.137 0.147 0.157 0.167 0.178

0.138 0.148 0.158 0.168 0.179

0.139 0.149 0.159 0.170 0.180

0.140 0.150 0.160 0.171 0.182

0.141 0.151 0.151 0.172 0.183

0.142 0.152 0.162 0.173 0.184

0.143 0.153 0.163 0.174 0.185

0.144 0.154 0.164 0.175 0.186

0.145 0.155 0.165 0.176 0.187

400

0.187

0.188

0.190

0.191

0.192

0.193

0.194

0.195

0.196

0.198

0.199

4 41 20 0 430 440

0 0..1 29 119 0.223 0.235

0 0..2 20 10 2 0.224 0.236

0 0..2 20 11 3 0.225 0.238

0 0..2 20 12 4 0.226 0.239

0 0..2 20 13 5 0.228 0.240

0 0..2 20 15 7 0.229 0.242.

0 0..2 20 16 8 0.230 0.243

0 0..2 20 17 9 0.231 0.244

0 0..2 20 28 0 0.233 0.245

0 0..2 20 29 2 0.234 0.247

0 0..2 21 213 0.235 0.248

450 460 470 480 490

0.248 0.261 0.275 0.288 0.303

0.249 0.263 0.276 0.290 0.304

0.251 0.264 0.277 0.291 0.305

0.252 0.265 0.279 0.293 0.307

0.253 0.267 0.280 0.294 0.308

0.255 0.268 0.282 0.296 0.310

0.256 0.269 0.283 0.297 0.311

0.257 0.271 0.284 0.298 0.313

0.259 0.272 0.286 0.300 0.314

0.260 0.273 0.287 0.301 0.316

0.261 0.275 0.288 0.303 0.317

500 510 520 530 540

0.317 0.332 0.347 0.362 0.378

0.319 0.333 0.348 0.364 0.380

0.320 0.335 0.350 0.365 0.381

0.321 0.336 0.352 0.367 0.383

0.323 0.338 0.353 0.369 0.384

0.324 0.339 0.355 0.370 0.386

0.326 0.341 0.356 0.372 0.388

0.327 0.342 0.358 0.373 0.389

0.329 0.344 0.359 0.375 0.391

0.330 0.345 0.361 0.377 0.393

0.332 0.347 0.362 0.378 0.394

550 560 570 580 590

0.394 0.411 0.427 0.444 0.462

0.396 0.412 0.429 0.446 0.463

0.397 0.414 0.431 0.448 0.465

0.399 0.416 0.432 0.449 0.467

0.401 0.417 0.434 0.451 0.469

0.402 0.419 0.436 0.453 0.470

0.404 0.421 0.437 0.455 0.472

0.406 0.422 0.439 0.456 0.474

0.407 0.424 0.441 0.458 0.476

0.409 0.426 0.443 0.460 0.478

0.411 0.427 0.444 0.462 0.479

600 610

0.479 0.497

0.481 0.499

0.483 0.501

0.485 0.503

0.486 0.505

0.488 0.506

0.490 0.508

0.492 0.510

0.494 0.512

0.495 0.514

0.497 0.516

16

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 9   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit—Converted from Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refere nce Junctions at 32°F

°F

0

1

2

3

4

5

620 630 640

0.516 0.534 0.553

0.517 0.536 0.555

0.519 0.538 0.557

0.521 0.540 0.559

0.523 0.542 0.561

0.525 0.544 0.563

650 660

0.572 0.592

0.574 0.594

0.576 0.596

0.578 0.598

0.580 0.600

670 680 690

0.612 0.632 0.653

0.614 0.634 0.655

0.616 0.636 0.657

0.618 0.638 0.659

700 710 720 730 740

0.673 0.694 0.716 0.738 0.760

0.675 0.697 0.718 0.740 0.762

0.678 0.699 0.720 0.742 0.764

750 760 770 780 790

0.782 0.805 0.828 0.851 0.875

0.784 0.807 0.830 0.853 0.877

800 810 820 830

0.898 0.923 0.947 0.972

840

6

7

8

9

10

0.527 0.546 0.565

0.529 0.547 0.567

0.530 0.549 0.569

0.532 0.551 0.570

0.534 0.553 0.572

0.582 0.602

0.584 0.604

0.586 0.606

0.588 0.608

0.590 0.610

0.592 0.612

0.620 0.640 0.661

0.622 0.642 0.663

0.624 0.644 0.665

0.626 0.646 0.667

0.628 0.648 0.669

0.630 0.650 0.671

0.632 0.653 0.673

0.680 0.701 0.722 0.744 0.766

0.682 0.703 0.725 0.746 0.769

0.684 0.705 0.727 0.749 0.771

0.686 0.707 0.729 0.751 0.773

0.688 0.709 0.731 0.753 0.775

0.690 0.712 0.733 0.755 0.778

0.692 0.714 0.735 0.757 0.780

0.694 0.716 0.738 0.760 0.782

0.787 0.809 0.832 0.856 0.879

0.789 0.812 0.835 0.858 0.882

0.791 0.814 0.837 0.860 0.884

0.793 0.816 0.839 0.853 0.886

0.796 0.818 0.842 0.865 0.889

0.798 0.821 0.844 0.867 0.891

0.800 0.823 0.846 0.870 0.894

0.802 0.825 0.849 0.872 0.896

0.805 0.828 0.851 0.875 0.898

0.901 0.925 0.950 0.974

0.903 0.927 0.952 0.977

0.905 0.930 0.955 0.979

0.908 0.932 0.957 0.982

0.910 0.935 0.959 0.984

0.913 0.937 0.962 0.987

0.915 0.940 0.964 0.989

0.918 0.942 0.967 0.992

0.920 0.945 0.969 0.994

0.923 0.947 0.972 0.997

0.997

1.000

1.002

1.005

1.007

1.010

1.012

1.015

1.017

1.020

1.022

850 860 870 880 890

1.022 1.048 1.074 1.100 1.127

1.025 1.051 1.077 1.103 1.130

1.027 1.053 1.079 1.106 1.132

1.030 1.056 1.082 1.108 1.135

1.033 1.058 1.085 1.111 1.138

1.035 1.061 1.087 1.114 1.140

1.038 1.064 1.090 1.116 1.143

1.040 1.066 1.092 1.119 1.146

1.043 1.069 1.095 1.122 1.148

1.045 1.071 1.098 1.124 1.151

1.048 1.074 1.100 1.127 1.154

900 910 920 930 940

1.154 1.181 1.208 1.236 1.264

1.157 1.184 1.211 1.239 1.267

1.159 1.186 1.214 1.242 1.270

1.162 1.189 1.217 1.245 1.273

1.165 1.192 1.220 1.247 1.276

1.167 1.195 1.222 1.250 1.278

1.170 1.197 1.225 1.253 1.281

1.173 1.200 1.228 1.256 1.284

1.176 1.203 1.231 1.259 1.287

1.178 1.206 1.233 1.262 1.290

1.181 1.208 1.236 1.264 1.293

950 960 970 980 990

1.293 1.321 1.350 1.379 1.409

1.296 1.324 1.353 1.382 1.412

1.298 1.327 1.356 1.385 1.415

1.301 1.330 1.359 1.388 1.418

1.304 1.333 1.362 1.391 1.421

1.307 1.336 1.365 1.394 1.424

1.310 1.339 1.368 1.397 1.427

1.313 1.342 1.371 1.400 1.430

1.316 1.344 1.374 1.403 1.433

1.318 1.347 1.377 1.406 1.436

1.321 1.350 1.379 1.409 1.439

1 10 00 10 0 1020 1030 1040

1 1..4 43 69 9 1.499 1.530 1.561

1 1..4 44 72 2 1.502 1.533 1.564

1 1..4 44 75 5 1.505 1.536 1.567

1 1..4 44 78 8 1.508 1.539 1.570

1 1..4 45 81 1 1.511 1.542 1.573

1 1..4 45 84 4 1.515 1.545 1.576

1 1..4 45 87 7 1.518 1.548 1.580

1 1..4 46 90 0 1.521 1.552 1.583

1 1..4 46 93 3 1.524 1.555 1.586

1 1..4 46 96 6 1.527 1.558 1.589

1 1..4 46 99 9 1.530 1.561 1.592

1050 1060 1070 1080 1090

1.592 1.624 1.655 1.587 1.720

1.595 1.627 1.659 1.691 1.723

1.598 1.630 1.662 1.694 1.726

1.601 1.633 1.665 1.697 1.729

1.605 1.636 1.668 1.700 1.733

1.608 1.639 1.671 1.704 1.736

1.611 1.643 1.675 1.707 1.739

1.614 1.646 1.678 1.710 1.743

1.617 1.649 1.681 1.713 1.746

1.620 1.652 1.684 1.716 1.749

1.624 1.655 1.687 1.720 1.752

1100 1110 1120 1130 1140

1.752 1.785 1.818 1.852 1.886

1.756 1.789 1.822 1.855 1.889

1.759 1.792 1.825 1.859 1.892

1.762 1.795 1.828 1.862 1.896

1.765 1.798 1.832 1.865 1.899

1.769 1.802 1.835 1.869 1.903

1.772 1.805 1.838 1.872 1.906

1.775 1.808 1.842 1.875 1.909

1.779 1.812 1.845 1.879 1.913

1.782 1.815 1.849 1.882 1.916

1.785 1.818 1.852 1.886 1.920

1150 1160 1170 1180 1190

1.920 1.954 1.988 2.023 2.058

1.923 1.957 1.992 2.027 2.062

1.926 1.961 1.995 2.030 2.065

1.930 1.964 1.999 2.034 2.069

1.933 1.968 2.002 2.037 2.072

1.937 1.971 2.006 2.041 2.076

1.940 1.975 2.009 2.044 2.079

1.944 1.978 2.013 2.048 2.083

1.947 1.981 2.016 2.051 2.086

1.950 1.985 2.020 2.055 2.090

1.954 1.988 2.023 2.058 2.094

1200

2.094

2.097

2.101

2.104

2.108

2.111

2.115

2.118

2.122

2.126

2.129

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts

17

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 9   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit—Converted from Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refere nce Junctions at 32°F

°F

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 1210 1220 1230 1240

2.129 2.165 2.201 2.237

2.133 2.169 2.205 2.241

2.136 2.172 2.208 2.245

2.140 2.176 2.212 2.248

2.143 2.179 2.216 2.252

2.147 2.183 2.219 2.256

2.151 2.187 2.223 2.259

2.154 2.190 2.226 2.263

2.158 2.194 2.230 2.267

2.161 2.197 2.234 2.270

2.165 2.201 2.237 2.274

1250

2.274

2.278

2.281

2.285

2.289

2.292

2.296

2.300

2.303

2.307

2.311

1260 1270 1280 1290

2.311 2.348 2.385 2.423

2.315 2.352 2.389 2.427

2.318 2.355 2.393 2.431

2.322 2.359 2.397 2.434

2.326 2.363 2.400 2.438

2.329 2.367 2.404 2.442

2.333 2.370 2.408 2.446

2.337 2.374 2.412 2.450

2.341 2.378 2.416 2.453

2.344 2.382 2.419 2.457

2.348 2.385 2.423 2.461

1300 1310 1320 1330 1340

2.461 2.499 2.538 2.576 2.615

2.465 2.503 2.541 2.580 2.619

2.469 2.507 2.545 2.584 2.623

2.472 2.511 2.549 2.588 2.627

2.476 2.515 2.553 2.592 2.631

2.480 2.518 2.557 2.596 2.635

2.484 2.522 2.561 2.600 2.639

2.488 2.526 2.565 2.604 2.643

2.492 2.530 2.569 2.607 2.647

2.495 2.534 2.572 2.611 2.651

2.499 2.538 2.576 2.615 2.654

1350 1360 1370 1380 1390

2.654 2.694 2.734 2.774 2.814

2.658 2.698 2.738 2.778 2.818

2.662 2.702 2.742 2.782 2.822

2.666 2.706 2.746 2.786 2.826

2.670 2.710 2.750 2.790 2.830

2.674 2.714 2.754 2.794 2.834

2.678 2.718 2.758 2.798 2.838

2.682 2.722 2.762 2.802 2.842

2.686 2.726 2.766 2.806 2.846

2.690 2.730 2.770 2.810 2.850

2.694 2.734 2.774 2.814 2.854

1400 1410 1420

2.854 2.895 2.936

2.859 2.899 2.940

2.863 2.903 2.944

2.867 2.908 2.949

2.871 2.912 2.953

2.875 2.916 2.957

2.879 2.920 2.961

2.883 2.924 2.965

2.887 2.928 2.969

2.891 2.932 2.973

2.895 2.936 2.978

1430 1440

2.978 3.019

2.982 3.023

2.986 3.027

2.990 3.032

2.994 3.036

2.998 3.040

3.002 3.044

3.007 3.048

3.011 3.052

3.015 3.057

3.019 3.061

1450 1460 1470 1480 1490

3.061 3.103 3.145 3.188 3.230

3.065 3.107 3.149 3.192 3.235

3.069 3.111 3.154 3.196 3.239

3.073 3.116 3.158 3.200 3.243

3.078 3.120 3.162 3.205 3.248

3.082 3.124 3.166 3.209 3.252

3.086 3.128 3.171 3.213 3.256

3.090 3.132 3.175 3.218 3.261

3.094 3.137 3.179 3.222 3.265

3.099 3.141 3.183 3.225 3.269

3.103 3.145 3.188 3.230 3.273

1500 1510 1520 1530 1540

3.273 3.317 3.360 3.404 3.448

3.278 3.321 3.365 3.408 3.452

3.282 3.325 3.369 3.413 3.457

3.286 3.330 3.373 3.417 3.461

3.291 3.334 3.378 3.422 3.466

3.295 3.338 3.382 3.426 3.470

3.299 3.343 3.386 3.430 3.474

3.304 3.347 3.391 3.435 3.479

3.308 3.352 3.395 3.439 3.483

3.312 3.356 3.400 3.444 3.488

3.317 3.360 3.404 3.448 3.492

1550 1560 1570 1580 1590

3.492 3.537 3.581 3.626 3.672

3.497 3.541 3.586 3.631 3.676

3.501 3.546 3.590 3.635 3.681

3.506 3.550 3.595 3.640 3.685

3.510 3.555 3.599 3.644 3.690

3.514 3.559 3.604 3.649 3.694

3.519 3.563 3.608 3.653 3.699

3.523 3.568 3.613 3.658 3.703

3.528 3.572 3.617 3.662 3.708

3.532 3.577 3.622 3.667 3.712

3.537 3.581 3.626 3.672 3.717

1600 1610 1620 1630 1640

3.717 3.763 3.809 3.855 3.901

3.722 3.767 3.813 3.859 3.906

3.726 3.772 3.818 3.864 3.910

3.731 3.776 3.822 3.869 3.915

3.735 3.781 3.827 3.873 3.920

3.740 3.786 3.832 3.878 3.924

3.744 3.790 3.836 3.882 3.929

3.749 3.795 3.841 3.887 3.934

3.753 3.799 3.845 3.892 3.938

3.758 3.804 3.850 3.896 3.943

3.763 3.809 3.855 3.901 3.948

1650 1660 1670 1680 1690

3.948 3.994 4.041 4.089 4.136

3.952 3.999 4.046 4.093 4.141

3.957 4.004 4.051 4.098 4.146

3.962 4.009 4.056 4.103 4.151

3.966 4.013 4.060 4.108 4.155

3.971 4.018 4.065 4.112 4.160

3.976 4.023 4.070 4.117 4.165

3.980 4.027 4.075 4.122 4.170

3.985 4.032 4.079 4.127 4.174

3.990 4.037 4.084 4.131 4.179

3.994 4.041 4.089 4.136 4.184

1700 1710 1720 1730 1740

4.184 4.232 4.280 4.328 4.377

4.189 4.237 4.285 4.333 4.382

4.194 4.242 4.290 4.338 4.387

4.198 4.246 4.295 4.343 4.392

4.203 4.251 4.299 4.348 4.397

4.208 4.256 4.304 4.353 4.401

4.213 4.261 4.309 4.358 4.406

4.217 4.266 4.314 4.362 4.411

4.222 4.270 4.319 4.367 4.416

4.227 4.275 4.324 4.372 4.421

4.232 4.280 4.328 4.377 4.426

1750 1760 1770 1780 1790

4.426 4.475 4.524 4.574 4.623

4.431 4.480 4.529 4.579 4.628

4.436 4.485 4.534 4.584 4.633

4.441 4.490 4.539 4.589 4.638

4.445 4.495 4.544 4.593 4.643

4.450 4.500 4.549 4.598 4.648

4.455 4.504 4.554 4.603 4.653

4.460 4.509 4.559 4.608 4.658

4.465 4.514 4.564 4.613 4.663

4.470 4.519 4.569 4.618 4.668

4.475 4.524 4.574 4.623 4.673

18

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 9   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit—Converted from Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refere nce Junctions at 32°F

°F

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840

4.673 4.723 4.774 4.824 4.875

4.678 4.728 4.779 4.829 4.880

4.683 4.733 4.784 4.834 4.885

4.688 4.738 4.789 4.839 4.890

4.693 4.743 4.794 4.844 4.895

4.698 4.748 4.799 4.850 4.900

4.703 4.754 4.804 4.855 4.905

4.708 4.759 4.809 4.860 4.911

4.713 4.764 4.814 4.865 4.916

4.718 4.769 4.819 4.870 4.921

4.723 4.774 4.824 4.875 4.925

1850 1860 1870 1880 1890

4.926 4.977 5.028 5.080 5.132

4.931 4.982 5.034 5.085 5.137

4.936 4.987 5.039 5.090 5.142

4.941 4.992 5.044 5.096 5.147

4.946 4.998 5.049 5.101 5.153

4.951 5.003 5.054 5.106 5.158

4.957 5.008 5.059 5.111 5.163

4.962 5.013 5.065 5.116 5.158

4.967 5.018 5.070 5.121 5.173

4.972 5.023 5.075 5.127 5.179

4.977 5.028 5.080 5.132 5.184

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940

5.184 5.236 5.288 5.341 5.394

5.189 5.241 5.294 5.346 5.399

5.194 5.246 5.299 5.351 5.404

5.199 5.252 5.304 5.357 5.410

5.205 5.257 5.309 5.362 5.415

5.210 5.262 5.315 5.367 5.420

5.215 5.267 5.320 5.373 5.425

5.220 5.273 5.325 5.378 5.431

5.225 5.278 5.330 5.383 5.436

5.231 5.283 5.336 5.388 5.441

5.236 5.288 5.341 5.394 5.447

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

5.447 5.500 5.553 5.607 5.661

5.452 5.505 5.559 5.612 5.666

5.457 5.511 5.564 5.618 5.671

5.463 5.516 5.569 5.623 5.677

5.468 5.521 5.575 5.628 5.682

5.473 5.527 5.580 5.634 5.688

5.479 5.532 5.585 5.639 5.693

5.484 5.537 5.591 5.644 5.698

5.489 5.543 5.596 5.650 5.704

5.495 5.548 5.601 5.655 5.709

5.500 5.553 5.507 5.561 5.715

2000 2010

5.715 5.769

5.720 5.774

5.725 5.780

5.731 5.785

5.736 5.790

5.742 5.796

5.747 5.801

5.752 5.807

5.758 5.812

5.763 5.818

5.769 5.823

2020 2030 2040

5.823 5.878 5.932

5.828 5.883 5.938

5.834 5.888 5.943

5.839 5.894 5.949

5.845 5.899 5.954

5.850 5.905 5.960

5.856 5.910 5.965

5.861 5.916 5.971

5.867 5.921 5.976

5.872 5.927 5.982

5.878 5.932 5.987

2050 2060 2070 2080 2090

5.987 6.042 6.098 6.153 6.209

5.993 6.048 6.103 6.159 6.214

5.998 6.053 6.109 6.164 6.220

6.004 6.059 6.114 6.170 6.225

6.009 6.064 6.120 6.175 6.231

6.015 6.070 6.125 6.181 6.237

6.020 6.075 6.131 6.186 6.242

6.026 6.081 6.136 6.192 6.248

6.031 6.086 6.142 6.197 6.253

6.037 6.092 6.147 6.203 6.259

6.042 6.098 6.153 6.209 6.264

2100 2110 2120 2130 2140

6.264 6.320 6.377 6.433 6.490

6.270 6.326 6.382 6.439 6.495

6.276 6.332 6.388 6.444 6.501

6.281 6.337 6.394 6.450 6.507

6.287 6.343 6.399 6.456 6.512

6.292 6.349 6.405 6.461 6.518

6.298 6.354 6.410 6.467 6.524

6.304 6.360 6.416 6.473 6.529

6.309 6.365 6.422 6.478 6.535

6.315 6.371 6.427 6.484 6.541

6.320 6.377 6.433 6.490 6.546

2150 2160 2170 2180

6.546 6.603 6.660 6.718

6.552 6.609 6.666 6.723

6.558 6.615 6.672 6.729

6.563 6.620 6.677 6.735

6.569 6.626 6.683 6.740

6.575 6.632 6.689 6.746

6.580 6.637 6.695 6.752

6.586 6.643 6.700 6.758

6.592 6.649 6.706 6.753

6.597 6.655 6.712 6.769

6.603 6.660 6.718 6.775

2190

6.775

6.781

6.786

6.792

6.798

6.804

6.809

6.815

6.821

6.827

6.833

2200 2210 2220 2230 2240

6.833 6.890 6.948 7.006 7.065

6.838 6.896 6.954 7.012 7.070

6.844 6.902 6.960 7.018 7.076

6.850 6.908 6.966 7.024 7.082

6.856 6.913 6.971 7.030 7.088

6.861 6.919 6.977 7.035 7.094

6.867 6.925 6.983 7.041 7.100

6.873 6.931 6.989 7.047 7.105

6.879 6.937 6.995 7.053 7.111

5.884 6.942 7.000 7.059 7.117

6.890 6.948 7.006 7.065 7.123

2250 2260 2270 2280 2290

7.123 7.182 7.240 7.299 7.358

7.129 7.187 7.246 7.305 7.364

7.135 7.193 7.252 7.311 7.370

7.141 7.199 7.258 7.317 7.376

7.146 7.205 7.264 7.323 7.382

7.152 7.211 7.270 7.329 7.388

7.158 7.217 7.276 7.335 7.394

7.164 7.223 7.281 7.340 7.400

7.170 7.229 7.287 7.346 7.406

7.176 7.234 7.293 7.352 7.412

7.182 7.240 7.299 7.358 7.417

2300 2310 2320 2330 2340

7.417 7.477 7.536 7.596 7.656

7.423 7.483 7.542 7.602 7.662

7.429 7.489 7.548 7.608 7.668

7.435 7.495 7.554 7.614 7.674

7.441 7.501 7.550 7.620 7.580

7.447 7.507 7.566 7.626 7.686

7.453 7.512 7.572 7.632 7.692

7.459 7.518 7.578 7.638 7.698

7.465 7.524 7.584 7.644 7.704

7.471 7.530 7.590 7.650 7.710

7.477 7.536 7.596 7.556 7.716

2350 2360 2370 2380 2390

7.716 7.776 7.836 7.897 7.957

7.722 7.782 7.842 7.903 7.963

7.728 7.788 7.848 7.909 7.969

7.734 7.794 7.854 7.915 7.975

7.740 7.800 7.860 7.921 7.981

7.746 7.806 7.856 7.927 7.987

7.752 7.812 7.872 7.933 7.994

7.758 7.818 7.878 7.939 8.000

7.764 7.824 7.884 7.945 8.006

7.770 7.830 7.891 7.951 8.012

7.776 7.836 7.897 7.957 8.018

19

 

 

E230/E230M − 12 TABLE 9   Continued  Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit—Converted from Degrees Celsius (ITS–90) Reference Refere nce Junctions at 32°F

°F

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Thermoelectric Voltage (emf) in Millivolts 2400 2410 2420 2430 2440

8.018 8.079 8.140 8.201 8.262

8.024 8.085 8.146 8.207 8.268

8.030 8.091 8.152 8.213 8.274

8.036 8.097 8.158 8.219 8.280

8.042 8.103 8.164 8.225 8.286

8.048 8.109 8.170 8.231 8.293

8.054 8.115 8.176 8.237 8.299

8.060 8.121 8.182 8.244 8.305

8.066 8.127 8.188 8.250 8.311

8.073 8.134 8.195 8.256 8.317

8.079 8.140 8.201 8.262 8.323

2450 2460 2470 2480 2490

8.323 8.385 8.446 8.508 8.570

8.329 8.391 8.453 8.514 8.576

8.336 8.397 8.459 8.521 8.582

8.342 8.403 8.465 8.527 8.589

8.348 8.409 8.471 8.533 8.595

8.354 8.416 8.477 8.539 8.601

8.360 8.422 8.483 8.545 8.607

8.366 8.428 8.490 8.551 8.613

8.372 8.434 8.496 8.558 8.520

8.379 8.440 8.502 8.564 8.526

8.385 8.446 8.508 8.570 8.632

2500 2510 2520 2530 2540

8.632 8.694 8.756 8.819 8.881

8.638 8.700 8.763 8.825 8.887

8.644 8.707 8.769 8.831 8.894

8.651 8.713 8.775 8.837 8.900

8.657 8.719 8.781 8.844 8.906

8.563 8.725 8.787 8.850 8.912

8.669 8.731 8.794 8.856 8.919

8.675 8.738 8.800 8.862 8.925

8.682 8.744 8.806 8.869 8.931

8.688 8.750 8.812 8.875 8.937

8.694 8.756 8.819 8.881 8.944

2550 2560 2570 2580 2590

8.944 9.006 9.069 9.132 9.195

8.950 9.013 9.075 9.138 9.201

8.956 9.019 9.082 9.145 9.208

8.962 9.025 9.088 9.151 9.214

8.969 9.031 9.094 9.157 9.220

8.975 9.038 9.101 9.164 9.227

8.981 9.044 9.107 9.170 9.233

8.988 9.050 9.113 9.176 9.239

8.994 9.057 9.119 9.182 9.245

9.000 9.063 9.126 9.189 9.252

9.006 9.069 9.132 9.195 9.258

2600

9.258

9.264

9.271

9.277

9.283

9.290

9.296

9.302

9.309

9.315

9.321

2610 2620 2630 2640

9.321 9.385 9.448 9.511

9.328 9.391 9.454 9.518

9.334 9.397 9.461 9.524

9.340 9.404 9.467 9.530

9.347 9.410 9.473 9.537

9.353 9.416 9.480 9.543

9.359 9.423 9.486 9.550

9.366 9.429 9.492 9.556

9.372 9.435 9.499 9.562

9.378 9.442 9.505 9.569

9.385 9.448 9.511 9.575

2650 2660 2670 2680 2690

9.575 9.639 9.702 9.766 9.8.30

9.581 9.645 9.709 9.772 9.836

9.588 9.651 9.715 9.779 9.843

9.594 9.658 9.721 9.785 9.849

9.600 9.664 9.728 9.792 9.856

9.607 9.670 9.734 9.798 9.862

9.613 9.677 9.741 9.804 9.868

9.619 9.683 9.747 9.811 9.875

9.626 9.690 9.753 9.817 9.881

9.632 9.696 9.760 9.824 9.888

9.639 9.702 9.766 9.830 9.894

2700 2710 2720 2730 2740

9.894 9.958 10.022 10.086 10.150

9.900 9.964 10.028 10.093 10.157

9.907 9.971 10.035 10.099 10.163

9.913 9.977 10.041 10.105 10.170

9.920 9.984 10.048 10.112 10.176

9.926 9.990 10.054 10.118 10.183

9.932 9.996 10.061 10.125 10.189

9.939 10.003 10.067 10.131 10.195

9.945 10.009 10.073 10.138 10.202

9.952 10.016 10.080 10.144 10.208

9.958 10.022 10.086 10.150 10.215

2750 2760 2770

10.215 10.279 10.344

10.221 10.286 10.350

10.228 10.292 10.356

10.234 10.298 10.363

10.240 10.305 10.369

10.247 10.311 10.376

10.253 10.318 10.382

10.260 10.324 10.389

10.266 10.331 10.395

10.273 10.337 10.402

10.279 10.344 10.408

2 27 78 90 0

1 10 0..4 40 78 3

1 10 0..4 41 74 9

1 10 0..4 42 81 5

1 10 0..4 42 97 2

1 10 0..4 43 94 8

1 10 0..4 54 00 5

1 10 0..4 54 117

1 10 0..4 55 13 8

1 10 0..4 56 20 4

1 10 0..4 56 36 1

1 10 0..4 57 33 7

2800 2810 2820 2830 2840

10.537 10.602 10.666 10.731 10.796

10.544 10.608 10.673 10.738 10.802

10.550 10.615 10.679 10.744 10.809

10.556 10.621 10.686 10.751 10.815

10.563 10.628 10.692 10.757 10.822

10.569 10.634 10.699 10.763 10.828

10.576 10.641 10.705 10.770 10.835

10.582 10.647 10.712 10.776 10.841

10.589 10.653 10.718 10.783 10.848

10.595 10.660 10.725 10.789 10.854

10.602 10.666 10.731 10.796 10.861

2850 2850 2870 2880 2890

10.861 10.925 10.990 11.055 11.120

10.867 10.932 10.997 11.062 11.127

10.874 10.938 11.003 11.068 11.133

10.880 10.945 11.010 11.075 11.140

10.887 10.951 11.016 11.081 11.146

10.893 10.958 11.023 11.088 11.153

10.900 10.964 11.029 11.094 11.159

10.906 10.971 11.036 11.101 11.166

10.913 10.977 11.042 11.107 11.172

10.919 10.984 11.049 11.114 11.179

10.925 10.990 11.055 11.120 11.185

2900 2910 2920 2930 2940

11.185 11.250 11.315 11.380 11.445

11.192 11.257 11.321 11.386 11.451

11.198 11.263 11.328 11.393 11.458

11.205 11.270 11.334 11.399 11.464

11.211 11.276 11.341 11.406 11.471

11.218 11.282 11.347 11.412 11.477

11.224 11.289 11.354 11.419 11.484

11.231 11.295 11.360 11.425 11.490

11.237 11.302 11.367 11.432 11.497

11.244 11.308 11.373 11.438 11.503

11.250 11.315 11.380 11.445 11.510

2950 2960 2970 2980

11.510 11.575 11.640 11.705

11.516 11.582 11.647 11.712

11.523 11.588 11.653 11.718

11.529 11.595 11.660 11.725

11.536 11.601 11.665 11.731

11.542 11.608 11.673 11.738

11.549 11.614 11.679 11.744

11.555 11.621 11.686 11.751

11.562 11.627 11.692 11.757

11.568 11.634 11.699 11.764

11.575 11.640 11.705 11.770

20