Drugs Generally Used on Veterinary Clinics in India
Short Description
Generally used veterinary drugs...
Description
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Brand Name
Content / M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Precaution
(1)
Enrofloxacin
Gyroflox 100mg/ml Bayrocin
Acute & Chronic mastitis, Respiratory tract infections Pneumonia, H.S., B.Q., Pyometra, metritis, joint ill, Urogenital infections, Otitis, Brucellosis, Salmonellosis.
Animal – 2.5‐5 mg / kg BW
(Fluoroquinolone)
Enrofloxacin inhibits the enzyme DNA gyrase responsible for coiling and super coiling of DNA thus produce bactericidal effect
Contraindicated in (1yrs of age) Not recommended in horses.
Meloxicam
Diclovet‐M Disovet‐M
injection
5 mg / ml
Animals’ inflammatory conditions associated with Pneumonia, Pleuritis, mastitis, Prolapse of Uterus, laminitis, myositis Arthritis, and Premature labour.
Pneumonia Prolapsed.
(oxicam NSAID)
Inhibits the synthesis of PGE2 by more selectively inhibiting the Cyclooxygenase (cox‐2) enzymes there by exerting Potent Anti‐inflammatory, Anti‐exudative analgesic & Anti‐Pyretic effect.
Oral dose dog‐ 0.2 mg/kg BW
(2)
Poultry – Refer to CINVEX
C/B/S/G/D/H → 0.5 mg/kg BW Other Conditions. C/S/G/P/D/H/ → 0.2‐0.3 mg/kg
Do not use in animals suffering from Gastro‐ intestinal disorders, impaired hepatic cardiac & renal functions.
Maintenance – 0.1 mg / kg (3)
Chlorpheniramine
CadistinTM‐vet
(Anti‐Allergic Drugs) CHLORAZIN H1‐Blocker (Alkyl amine)
10 Mg / ml
Chlorpheniramine Maleate exerts h1‐recptor antagonist action along with Anticholinergic and Sedative effect.
Cattle – 30‐50 mg (total dose) Allergic disorder like eczema, Urtiearia, skin edema, Photo Dog – 0.4‐2 mg /kg BID dermatitis, Dermatitis, rhinitis, Pregnancy toxemia, RFM, Mastitis, burn, Anaphylactic Shock, Rumenotomy in cattle
Shirish Bhatia
Sedations, CNS excitement, GI disturbances, teratogenic effect.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Brand Name
Content / M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Precaution
(4)
GENTAMYCIN
Cadila – 40 mg /ml
Urinary tract infections mastitis, metritis, wound infections, Pyometra otitis Pneumonia, CRD.
C/S/G/P/D – 4 mg / kg BW BID
(Aminoglycoside antibacterial)
Gentamycin inhibits bacterial Protein Synthesis, thus exerting bactericidal action
Contraindicated in pregnancy. Avoid Aminoglycosides in cows prone to milk fever.
Oxytetracycline
50 mg / ml
(5)
(tetracycline congener)
Oxytetracycline has bacteriostatic action, as it OTC L.A.‐200mg/ml inhibits bacterial Protein Synthesis.
Poultry – 3‐5 mg / kg BW
H.S., B.Q., Anthrax, pneumonia C/S/G/H/ ‐ 5‐10 mg / kg BW enteritis, genitourinary tract Dog‐cat → 10‐20 mg / kg BW infections, mastitis, Brucellosis.
Intra articular inj. Contraindicated. Avoid in pups & pregnant
(6)
ANALGIN / MENTAMIZOIE (NSAID) Imidopyrin analgesic.
VETALGIN – 0.5 gram / ml
Analgin have a potent Pain, fever, rheumatoid analgesic Anti‐inflammatory & conditions, Spastic condition Anti‐pyretic action. colic & Other inflammatory conditions.
Cattle – 10‐20 gm. Horse – 10‐30 gm. Foal, calf – 2.5–7.5 gm. Pig – 5–15 gm. S/G – 1‐4 gm. D/C – 0.5‐2.5 gm.
Shirish Bhatia
Hypersensitivity reaction may occur.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Trade Name
M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Cattle/H – 5‐10 ml OD I/M Injection of methylcobalamine Neurological disorders , Deficiency Syndrome, Debility, , vit.B6, Nicotanamide, Dog, Cat‐ 2‐3 ml OD I/M Methylcobalamine 500mg , and Weakness. Pyridoxine HCL IP 50 mg , Nicotonamide IP 50 mg.
Precaution
(7)
Neuroxin‐ MTM
(8)
CO‐trimoxazole INj. (Di‐amino pyrimidine potentiated sulphonamide)
ORIPRIM‐V‐Vet Inj. Potentiated Sulphonamide 30ml inhibits formation & Reduction of bacterial Dihydrofolic acid Trimethoprim ‐ 80 effecting blockades of mg bacterial DNA synthesis & bactericidal. Sulphamethoxazole – 400 mg
All animal & poultry – Mixed Large anima – 15‐30 mg/kg BW. bacterial infection affecting Dog – 15 mg/kg BW. respiratory tract, Urinary tract, Alimentary tract & Genital tract.
Doberman pinschers‐ Kerato conjunctivitis & Transient arthritis.
IVERMECTIN
IVECTION
(Avermection derivative)
10mg (1% W/V)
Nematodal infections, ectoparasites like tick, lice, mites & nasal bots in S/G. cutaneous myiasis, larval stage of canine heart worm (microfilariae) ectoparasitic→ demodectic mange, cutaneons myiasis.
Ineffective against trematodes, cestoedes & adult canine heart worms, Toxic to certain breeds of dogs. (Collie). I/V & I/M administration should not be done
(9)
It potentiates GABA release, increasing the normal resting potential of postsynaptic cells and intum blocking Neuro transmission & worms undergo flaccid paralysis.
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C/S/G/H/P/D/‐ 200µg/kg BW S/C 10mg/50kg BW S/C.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Trade Name
M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Precaution
(10) Conciplex inj.
High potency vit. B complex inj.
Thiamine HCL 33.3 µg
Anorexia, debility, anemia, deficiency, diseases.
Large animals 10ml OD
Pyridoxine HCL 3.3 µg
Small animals 3‐5ml OD
Cynocobalamine 33.3 mcg
Inj. 10ml vial
Nicotinamide 33.3 µg
Inj. 30ml vial.
Riboflavin 5 mg Phosphate sodium 1.66 µg D panthenol 1.66 µg Benzyl alcohol 0.9 % W/V. (11) VETADE
Vit.AD3E INJ.
Vit. A 250000 IU Vit.D325000 IU Vit.E acetate 100mg/mc
Deficiency conditions, Repeat breeding, Poor conception rate, Xerophthalmia, Night blindness.
Benzyl/Alcohol IP 2% W/V.
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10ml vial
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Trade Name
(12) METOCLOPROMIDE PERINORM 10 ml (Anti‐emetic) HCL Metoclopramide HCL IP equivalent to Anhydrous Metoclopramide hydrochloride 5mg. (13) Amoxicillin +Sulbactum combinations.(Semi‐ synthetic B‐ lactamase inhibitor)
AMOXIRIUM FORTE 300mg
(14) CALDEE‐12
Multiple dose vial 30 ml
M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Dog, cat‐ 0.2‐0.4 mg/kg BW Metaclopramide have specific Vomiting due to Gastritis dopamine antagonistic action Oesophageal reflux impaction. (oral) blocking the Dopamine 0.01‐0.2 mg/kg BW (Inj.) receptor which induce emesis & also increase gastric motility & emptying the gastric content to posterior segment.
Sulbactum is a potent highly RTI, Otitis, UTI, skin and soft specific irreversible inhibitor of tissue infection. Mixed B‐lactamases produced by bacterial infections. Amoxycillin sodium G‐ve & G+ve aerobes & 200mg anaerobes exerting its action Sulbactum sodium by binding itself with these enzymes & blocks their 100 mg destructive hydrolytic activity. Calcium levulinate 76.4 mg.(equivalent to 10 mg ionic calcium) Cholecalciferol 5000 IUCyanocobalmine (vit.B12)50mcg/ml
Large Animals 3‐4.5 g OD‐BID Small Animals 300 mg OD‐BID
Hypocalcaemia (prevention & Large ‐10‐15 ml thrice weakly treatment) debility, weakness. Small‐ 1‐3 ml thrice weakly
Benzyl Alcohol IP 1.5% W/V
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Inj. 30 ml vial.
Precaution Not use in puppy because Restlessness, excitement, extrapyramidal symptoms in young ones. Penicillium‐ hypersensitivity reactions may occur.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Trade Name
M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Precaution
(15) FERITAS IRTAS
IRON SORBITOS, Folic Acid & VitB12 inj.10 ml
Iron , sorbitol, citric Acid complex 50mg
Post‐ant parasitic treatment in case of ecto & endo parasitic infestation, better growth of young calves & more than one week piglet, Pregnant Animals.
Cattle, Horses 2 boli OD ‐ 10‐
Folic Acid 500mcg. Hydroxocobalaemine acetate 50 mg/ml water for inj. I.P.
(16) Dicycloverine Hydrochloride (Dicyclomine) Antispasmodics.
Spasmovet 30ml Benzyl Alcohol 2% v/v. 10ml
Renal, Uretic colic, Spasmodic Act on G.I.tract, biliary tract. Ureter & uterus, Reduas Pain. Spasms without Producing any anti‐secretory effects. It attributes non‐specific direct relaxant action on smooth muscle.
15days calf, sheep, goat bolus OD for 10‐15 days/H/calf/S/G 1ml /50kg BW IM Piglets – 0.2ml I/M
C/B/S/H/G – 0.5 mg/kg BW (I/M) Dog‐cat‐10mg QID (total dose)
Not to be used in new‐born. Premature, Old or debilitated Animals, frank urinary retention, Pyloric or duodenal obstructions.
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Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No. Name
Trade Name
M.O.A.
Indication
Dosage
Precaution
(17) DEXAMETHASONE
Dexond‐vet inj.
Dexamethasone enhances CHO and protein metabolism, ↑Hb, Red cells, modify cell mediates Immure (CMI) response also have potent anti‐inflammatory action.
Acute inflammation, bursitis, retinitis, Arthritis, Allergic skin disease, hypersensitivity reactions (Asthma), shock tissue damage, toxemia, stress from trauma, disease, environment, emotions & fatigue.
IM / IV (Total dose)
Late pregnancy, Recent major surgery, deep corneal ulceration, diabetes mellitus, cardiac insufficiency, Renal disease.
(Steroid Anti‐ Rx Dexamethasone inflammatory Gluco IP. 5ml corticoid. Sodium (Synthetic analogue) Phosphates inj.
Dexamethasone Na P inj. 4.4mg equivalent to Induction of Parturition. dexamethasone p 4mg dexamethasone 3.344 mg Large 40 mg I/V. Methyl paraben IP 0.15% W/V. Propyl paraben IP 0.22% W/V.
Cattle 10‐30 mg Calf/G/S/P 2‐5 mg Dog 0.5‐2 mg Cat 0.25‐0.5 mg TA/PERI ARTICULAR Cattle 4‐10 mg Dog 0.25‐5mg Cat 0.25‐2 mg ORAL Dog 0.25‐5 mg Cat 0.25‐2 mg
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Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(18) OFLOXACIN
M.O.A.
Indication
Indication
OTIREL Ear Drops Ofloxacin+Clotrimoxazole+Betamethasone+ Eye‐conjuctivitis, keratitis, corneal ulcer, blepharitis, Vetnex Lignocaine. hordeolum, trachoma.
Ofloxacin IP 0.3% w/v
Clotrimazole 1% w/v
Betamethasone 0.025 % w/v
Lignocaine hydrochloride 25 w/v in glycerine base
(19) Virbac EPIOTIC
Salicyclic acid. Ear Cleaner for dog & cat.
(20) RANITIDINE (H2 antagonist)
Dosage
Precaution
DROPS 15ml
Ear – Otitis
Salicyclic acid IP 0.2 % w/v Phenoxyethanol BP 0.23 % w/v
Regular ear cleanser, Pre‐ treatment of Otitis.
Color Brilliant blue FCC RANTAC inj. Rinotac inj.
Ranitidine prevents histamine – mediated gastric acid secretion by blockage of Histamine H2 receptors.
Ranitidine 4 HCl IP equivalent to Ranitidine 25 mg.
.
Phenol IP 0.5 % w/v
Gastritis, Gastric / Duodenal ulcers.
Shirish Bhatia
Dog , Cat – 0.5 mg/kg BW I/m , I/v , S/c , Oral
Avoid use in pregnancy, lactation, renal disorders.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(21) FIBRONIL (Phenyl pyryazole acaricide)
Trade Name
M.O.A
Indications
Virbac EFFIPRO 80 ml
Fibronil exerts its action by selectively Ectoparasite infestations. blocking the passage of chloride ions Cutaneous spray solutions through the GABA receptor and glutamate for dog & cat. receptor which disrupts the insect’s central nervous system.
Dosage
Precautions
SPRAY 0.25% w/v
(22) Hydrogen Peroxide Solutions
Purified water 6.0 % w/v 20 volume
Disinfectant for cleansing wound and as a deodorant mouthwash, strong solutions irritate the skin.
Composition :
For the treatment of Myiasis & penetration of Fly strike.
(23) GotBac 40 gm.
Permethin 2 % w/v
Sulphonamide BP 5 % w/w
Zinc oxide IP 2 % w/w
Fxcipients q.s.
Permethin, sulphonamide and zinc oxide powder. Potent Larvicidal & bacteriostatic powder for wound and tissue regeneration.
Shirish Bhatia
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
Trade Name
(24) CATOSAL 10 % inj. 30 ml
M.O.A
Indications
Dosage
Precautions
Butaphosphan 0.1mg
To improve metabolism and strengthen resistance, in convalescence, as tonic, to improve muscular efficiency, as supportive therapy in hypocalcemic paresis, anoestrus, bacterial infections, helminth infestations.
Cattle, Horse 10‐25 ml
Calf, Foal 5‐12 ml
Sheep, Goat 2.5‐8 ml
Lamb, Kid 1.5‐2.5 ml
Dog 0.5‐5.0 ml
Cat 0.5‐2.5 ml
Pig 2.5‐10 ml
Cynocobalamine 50 mcg/ml
(25) DIAZEPAM
Anxol 10 ml I/m Diazepam produce CNS depression in the Status epilepticus, or I/V brain stem reticular formation by blocking convulsions due to the spinal polysynaptic reflexes. poisoning. Benzodiazepines potentiates GABA mediated inhibition. Diazepam has sedative and tranquilizing effects.
Dog, Cat 0.5‐1 mg/kg BW IM, IV.
Intravenous over dosage may produce respiratory arrest.
Shirish Bhatia
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(26) PREDNISOLONE (Steroidal anti‐ inflammatory drugs) Glucocorticoid
Trade Name
M.O.A
Prednisolone has typical metabolic effects Prednisolone acetate B vet c 10 of natural corticosteroids. It modifies mg/ml immune response and it is having anti‐ inflammatory action. Its synthetic Vetaquinol inj. analogues have very good anti‐ inflammatory effects.
Indications
Dosage
Animals‐ arthritis ,myositis ,tendinitis , bursitis , inflammation , allergic bronchitis , asthma , food allergy , Hydrocephalus , atopy ,contact & flea allergy.
IM 1 % soln
Urethritis, persistent hematuria.
Glaucoma, Pregnancy, Horse, Cattle 0.5 mg/kg BW degeneration, joint disease, Calf, Pig 2.5‐5 ml(Total osteoporosis, Dose) fracture, diabetes Dog, Cat 1‐3 ml (TD) mellitus, infections, renal LOCAL TREATMENT disease. Large animals 2.5‐7.5 Not more than 10 ml(Total Dose) withdrawals Dog, Cat 0.5‐2 ml (TD) permitted. CANINE ATOPY,CONTACT ALLERGY,FLEA ALLERGY
Dog 0.5mg/kg BW BID orally URETHRITIS, PERSISTENT HAEMATURIA Cat 2.5‐5 mg in every 24‐ 48hrs orally.
Shirish Bhatia
Precautions
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(27) BETADINE
(Topical Antiseptic)
Trade Name
M.O.A
Indications
Dosage
Precautions
Povidone Iodine solution IP
Betadine antiseptic solutions has a rapid and prolonged germicidal action against a wide spectrum of pathogenic organism including both Gram+ve and Gram –ve bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses. It is also active against bacterial spores. In the present of blood, serum, purulent exudate and necrotic tissue. Its activity persist as long as the color remains the Golden brown color serve to highlight the disinfected area.
Degerminating of skin pre & post operatively for surgical procedures for the antiseptic treatment of superficial wound ,traumatic injuries , burns , vaginal preparation prior to a surgical procedure.
Povidone iodine IP 5% w/v
Win Medicine
(28) PIPERAZINE (Anthelmintic)
Piperagine liquid 45 % w/v 2.25 gm.
Piperagine induces neuromuscular hyper Gastro‐intestinal polarization in the worms, producing Nematodiasis. reversible flaccid paralysis, which prevents it from maintaining their position in the host’s gut and they are voided with faces.
(0.5 % w/v available iodine) Purified water IP q.s. Rs. 277.60
ORAL Cattle, Horse ‐ 100ml Calf 20‐30 ml Dog 2‐5 ml Poultry Grover’s 40 ml/100 birds Layers 50‐75ml/100bird
Shirish Bhatia
Over dosage occasionally produce emesis (in dogs and cat), diarrhea, incoordination, head pressing and other neurological signs.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(29) FRUSEMIDE
(Loop diuretic)
Trade Name
M.O.A
Indications
Dosage
Lasix (Furosemide inj.) 2ml
Active absorption of sodium and chloride from the ultrafiltrate at the luminal phase of loop cells is reduced. This action is coupled with increased medullary blood flow, reduces intestinal hyper tonicity and thus reduces the reabsorptive efficiency of loop.
Acute pulmonary edema , cerebral edema , ascites , CHF , post‐parturient edema
Dog ,Cat 2‐4 mg/kg BW BID Deafness is an adverse effect Cattle 1‐2 mg/kg BW peculiar to loop diuretics. This tendency for ototoxicity contra‐indicates concurrent therapy with aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Selectively inhibits the cyclo oxygenase (COX‐2) enzyme, thereby exerting potent anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐inflammatory, anti‐exudative, analgesic and anti‐pyretic effects with decreased gastric irritation.
Symptomatic relief of pain, pyrexia and inflammation of musculo skeletal origin, post‐surgical inflammatory conditions.
Dog 3‐5 mg/kg BW
10 mg I/m or slow I/v
Precautions
(30) NIMESULIDE inj.
(NSAID) 10%w/v
NIMOVET
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C/B/S/G 2‐4 mg/kg BW
Use with caution in pregnancy. No sufficient data available for use in Horses.
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(31) URIMIN 30 ml inj.
Trade Name
M.O.A
Indications
Dosage
Precautions
Sodium acid phosphate inj.
Sodium acid phosphate 40.3 % w/v
Elemental phosphorus injection for post‐ parturient haemoglobinuria, pica, infertility, systemic acidosis, indigestion and ketosis.
IM,IV,SC
Equivalent to elemental phosphorus 8% w/v Methylparaben IP 0.18 % w/v Propyiparaben 0.02 % w/v
Cattle ,Horse 5‐10ml Foal, Calf 1‐3 ml Dog 1‐2 ml For infertility Cattle 15ml on 1st & 3rd day Post‐parturient haemoglobinuria 50 ml IV
(32) Albendazole
Albomar 500 ml
Albendazole oral suspension USP
(Benzimidazole anthelmintic)
Each ml contain Albendazole 25 mg
Albendazole inhibit polymerization of tubulin in the parasite and blocks the glucose uptake. It interfere with enzyme fumarate reductase and thus the energy production in the parasite. Energy levels of the parasite diminishes and death results. It has wormicidal, Larvicidal, and ovicidal action.
Nematodal , Cestodal and ORAL. 5mg /kg BW trematodal infections (both Cattle 60‐90 ml adult & larval stage) Liver fluke & tapeworm
Calf 15‐30 ml S/G 2‐3 ml/10kg of BW Poultry 30‐45ml for 100bird Dog 3‐5 ml twice daily for 3days
Shirish Bhatia
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics No
Name
(33) PHENYL BUTAZONE
Trade Name
M.O.A
Indications
Dosage
Precautions
ARTIZONE‐S inj.
Phenyl butazone have anti‐inflammatory, anti‐pyretic & analgesic activity. It produces oxygen‐tension reduction and inhibits prostaglandin synthetic by suppressing cyclo oxygenase (lysosomal enzyme)activity
Pyrexia, symptomatic treatment of inflammatory and painful conditions of muscle, bone and joint.
IM , IV
Contra‐indicated in cats due to high toxicity. Accidental ingestion into carotid artery result in excitement, prostration and sometimes Death.
30 ml
(Pyrazolone derivative NSAID)
Large animal 10‐20 ml
Phenyl butazone 200mg Sodium salicylate 20 mg/ml
(34) BELAMYL inj.
Hepatobiliary drug
Thiamine hydrochloride 10 mg Riboflavin 3 mg Niacinamide 100 mg Vitamin B12 10 mcg Crude liver extract 0.66 ml
No
Name
Trade Name
M.O.A
Acute and chronic liver Large animal 5‐10 ml disorder , hepatitis , Small animal 0.25‐0.5 ml jaundice , fatty liver , cirrhosis , hepato‐toxic conditions , aflatoxins , toxaemia , non‐specific anorexia , debility , weakness , anaemia , stress of various etiology.
Indications
Precautions
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Dosage
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics (35) QUINAPYRAMINE
ANTRYCIDE PROSALT inj. 2.5 gm.
(36) KETOPROFEN (NSAID) propionic derivative
Ketoprofen 100mg/ml
Quinapyramine salts (sulphate & chloride) inhibits the growth and cell division of haemoprotozoans.
Trypanosomiasis
It has analgesic, antipyretic, and anti‐ inflammatory effect. Acts by inhibition of prostaglandin and Leucotrienens. It stabilize lysosomal membrane.
Symptomatic relief of pain, pyrexia and inflammation of musculo skeletal origin.
Animals 4.4 mg/kg BW
Cattle, Sheep, goat 3mg/kg BW
At high concentration it may cause irritation, bleeding or ulceration of gastric mucosa.
Surra
Dog 2 mg/kg BW Horse 2.2 mg/kg BW
(37) CEFALEXIN
LIXEN Powder
Cephalosporin interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis by inactivating transpeptidase enzyme, producing bactericidal effect.
Animals‐Respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, localized infections in skin and soft tissue, mixed bacterial infections.
Dog, Cat 10‐30 mg/kg BW TID
M.O.A
Indications
Dosage
Cattle 5‐10 mg/kg BW BID
No
Name
Trade Name
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Avoid usage in penicillin‐ hypersensitive animals as cross‐ resistance between cephalosporin and penicillin has been observed.
Precautions
Drugs Generally Used in Clinics (38) CEFTIOFUR
BOVICEF
Ceftiofur sodium sterile powder for inj.
(Third generation cephalosporin)
Cephalosporin interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis by inactivating transpeptidase enzyme, producing bactericidal effect.
Respiratory tract infections, Cattle 1.1‐2.2 mg/kg BW IM Avoid usage in penicillin – Urinary tract prophylaxis Horse 2.2‐4.4 mg/kg BWIM hypersensitive and therapy in surgery. Goat 1.1‐2.2 mg/kg BW IM animals as cross resistance Pig 3‐5 mg/kg BW IM between cephalosporin Dog 2.2 mg/kg BW S/C and penicillin has Day‐old chicks 0.08‐ been observed. 0.2mg/bird s/c The safety of Ceftiofur has not Day‐old poultry 0.17‐0.5 been determined mg/bird s/c for horses intended for breeding.
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