Drug Study Drug Study

DRUG STUDY

  Name of drug Cefuroxime Dosage:IV 750mg q8 ANST (-) Classification: ANTIINFECTI VE; ANTIBIOTIC; SECONDGENERATION CEPHALOSPO RIN.

MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS AND ACTION ADVERSE EFFECTS to Body as a Whole: Ceftin is a - Urinary tract Hypersensitivity cephalosporins and lactam type infection related antibiotics      Thrombophlebitis antibiotic. More (IV site); pain, specifically, it is a  burning, ce llulitis llulitis secondgeneration (IM site); cephalosporin. superinfections, Cephalosporins  positive Coombs' work the same test. way as penicillins:      GI:Diarrhea, they interfere nausea, with the antibioticpeptidoglycan associated colitis, synthesis of the anorexia, bacterial wall by vomiting, inhibiting the final abdominal pain transpeptidation      Skin:Rash , needed for the  pruritus, cross-links urticaria.      Urogenital: Increased serum creatinine and BUN, decreased creatinine clearance.      CNS: Headache, dizziness, lethargy,

 NURSING RESPONSIBILITY y

y

y

y

y

y

Determine history of hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins, penicillins, and history of allergies, particularly to drugs, before therapy is initiated. Lab tests: Perform culture and sensitivity tests before initiation of  therapy and periodically during therapy if indicated. Therapy may be instituted  pending test results. Monitor   periodically BUN and creatinine clearance. Inspect IM and IV injection sites frequently for signs of phlebitis. Report onset of loose stools or diarrhea. Although pseudomembranous colitis rarely occurs, this potentially pot entially lifethreatening complication should be ruled out as the cause of diarrhea during and after antibiotic therapy. Monitor for manifestations of  hypersensitivity. hypersensitivity. Discontinue D iscontinue drug and report their appearance promptly. Monitor I&O rates and pattern: Especially important in severely ill  patients receiving high doses. Report any significant changes.

 paresthesia

Generic Name: Ranitidine Brand name: Zantac Classification: Gastointestinal agent; Antisecretory (H2-receptor  antagonist) Dosage: 50mg Frequency: Q8°

Competitive inhibition of  histamine at H2receptors of the gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric acid secretion, gastric volume, and hydrogen ion concentration are reduced. Does not affect pepsin secretion,  pentagastrinstimulated intrinsic factor secretion, or  serum gastrin

Used to Hypersensitivity   prevent ulcer  or while patient is ranitidine component of on NPO formulation

to any the

     Instruct 

Constipation

 Diarrhea

 Fatigue

 Headache

 Insomnia

 Muscle pain

 Nausea

 Vomiting

 Agitation

 Anemia

 Confusion

client to report any adverse reaction to the physician or nurse. Tell  patient that antacids may decrease the absorption of ranitidine.      Inform patient that themedication may causedrowsiness, dizziness,or fatigue (use caution when driving or engaging in tasks requiring alertness).      Instruct patient toavoid taking any new medication during therapy without consulting prescriber.      Instruct patient to avoid alcohol and follow diet as prescriber recommends.

 Depression

 Easy bruising or bleeding

Generic Name: Ketorolac Brand name: Toradol Classification:  Nonsteroidal AntiInflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Dosage: 30mg Frequency: Q6°

Inhibits

prostaglandin synthesis by decreasing the activity of the enzyme, cyclooxygenase, which results in decreased formation of  prostaglandin precursors, chemicals that cells of the immune system make that cause the redness, fever, and pain of  inflammation and that also are believed to be important in the production of non-

Used for treating inflammation and pain in the operation site

Hypersensitivity to ketorolac, aspirin, other NSAIDs, or any component of the formulation; patients who have developed nasal polyps, angioedema, or bronchospastic reactions to other NSAIDs; active or history of peptic ulcer disease; recent or history of  GI bleeding or perforation; patients with advanced renal disease or risk of renal failure; labor and delivery;



         

Rash Ringing in the ears Headaches Dizziness Drowsiness Abdominal pain Nausea Diarrhea Constipation Heartburn Fluid retention

     Instruct

client to report any adverse reaction to the physician or nurse. Tell  patient that adverse reactions can occur  with overuse.      Instruct client to avoid alcohol and maintain adequate hydration (2-3 L/day of fluids) unless instructed to restrict fluid intake.      Monitor for signs of pain relief, such as an increased appetite and activity      Instruct client to avoid taking ketorolac with aspirin or other NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), piroxicam (Feldene), etc

inflammatory pain.

nursing mothers; prophylaxis before major surgery; suspected or confirmed cerebrovascular bleeding; hemorrhagic diathesis; concurrent ASA or other NSAIDs; epidural or intrathecal administration; concomitant probenecid; pregnancy (3rd trimester