Drenaje Superficial en Carreteras

 

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M^HEDIH RXVH^GABADC HE BD^^H]H^DR 4. DEÆCARAR Hc mrhedih suphrgabadc vaheh d shr hc sasthjd quh hvdbud y mara`h räpamdjheth cds d`uds pcuvadchs u otrds d`uds ldbad ue jhmao edturdc mh mrhedih o rhm mh dcbdetdraccdmo o ]djnaáe ccdjdmo mhsd`óh suphrgabadc. Hc mr mrhe hedi dihh coe` coe`atu atuma maed edcc he ued ued bdrr bdrrht hthr hrdd hs ue pr prob obhs hsoo mh vatd vatdcc ajpo ajport rtde deba badd pdrd pdrd cd aeg aegrdh rdhstr strubt ubturd urd,, eo sòc sòcoo po porr jot jotavo avoss boe boestr strubt ubtavo avos, s, sae saeoo tdj tdjnaá naáee pdr pdrdd jde jdethe thehr hr ueo ueoss eav eavhch hchss mh sh`uramdm he cd barbucdbaòe mh vhlêbucos sonrh hstd. Cd praebapdc guebaòe mhc sasthjd mh mrhedih mh ued bdrrhthrd hs cd hvdbudbaòe mhc d`ud  probhmheth mh prhbapatdbaoehs quh sh vahrth sonrh cd pcdtdgorjd mh cd bdrrhthrd y cos mhsjoeths dmydbheths d hstd. Mh hstd gorjd, sh jdetaheh cd suphrgabah mh romdmurd canrh mh hebldrbdjahetos y sh hvatd hc gheòjheo boeobamo bojo dqudpcdeae`, quh sh promubh budemo hc ehujätabo he su probhso mh jovajaheto eo hs bdpdz mh hvdbudr cd totdcamdm mhc d`ud prhsheth he cd suphrgabah y pahrmh hc boetdbto hghbtavo (y por tdeto cds boemabaoehs mh dmlhrhebad) boe hc pdvajheto, `hehräemosh ued pármamd mh boetroc mhc vhlêbuco por pdrth mhc boemubtor.

>. ]A ]AVO VOR R MH M^ M^HE HEDI DIH H   Hc mrhedih sh bcdsagabd bojo suphrgabadc y sunthrräe sunthrräeho, ho, mhphemahemo mh sa hc d`ud hsburrh o eo  por cds bdpds mh cd borthzd thrrhstrh. thrrhstrh.

 

  Hc mrhedih suphrgabadc sh boesamhrd coe`atumaedc o trdesvhrsdc, sh`ùe cd pos posabaòe abaòe quh cds onrds `udrmhe boe rhsphbto dc hih mhc bdjaeo.

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Hc mrhedih coe`atumaedc9 taheh por onihto bdptdr cos hsburrajahetos pdrd hvatdr quh cch`uhe dc bdjaeo o phrjdehzbde he ác, bdusdemo mhsphrghbtos. Mh hsth tapo mh mrhedih soe cds bue buehtd htds, s, boe boetrd trdbue buehtd htds, s, nor normac maccos cos y bde bdedch dchss mh heb hebduz duzdja djahet heto. o. Rh ccdj ccdjdd mrh mrhedi edihh

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coe`atumaedc porquh sh satùd jäs o jheos pdrdchcos dc hih mhc bdjaeo. Hc mrhedih trdesvhrsdc9 md pdso hxphmato dc d`ud quh bruzd mh ue cdmo d otro mhc bdjaeo, o  nahe rhtard co jäs proeto posanch mh cd boroed, bojo tunos, cosds, bdioehs, nòvhmds, cdvdmhros, vdmos, sagoehs aevhrtamos, puheths y hc nojnho mh cd boroed.

  Mh dbuhrmo boe cd majhesaòe mhc bcdr bcdroo mh cds onrds mh mrhedih trdesvhrs trdesvhrsdchs, dchs, sh ld boevhe boevheamo amo mavamar dc mrhedih he jdyor y jheor. Hc mrhedih jdyor rhquahrh mh onrds boe ue bcdro suphraor mh 7 j. D cds onrds mh mrhedih jdyor sh chs mheojaed puheths y d cds mhc mrhedih jheor, dcbdetdraccds.

 

>.4.M^HEDIH CO@A]XMAEDC  

 

Cds buehtds Roe zdeids quh sh boestruyhe dmydbheths d cos lojnros mh cd boroed he ueo o he djnos

cdmos, boe hc onihto mh aethrbhptdr hc d`ud quh hsburrh sonrh cd suphrgabah mh cd boroed, mh cos tdcumhs mh cos borths, o mhc thrrheo boeta`uo, boemubaáemocd d ue satao moemh eo ld`d mdôo d cd bdrrhthrd o d thrbhros.

 

 

 

Cds boetrdbuehtds Roe zdeids o normos quh sh boestruyhe he cds cdmhrds cobdcazdmds d`uds drrand mh cos

tdcumhs mh cos borths, boe hc onihto mh aethrbhptdr hc d`ud quh hsburrh sonrh cd suphrgabah mhc thrrheo edturdc, boemubaáemocd d ued bdôdmd aejhmadtd o d ued pdrth ndid mhc thrrheo, pdrd hvatdr hc sdturdjaheto lamräucabo mh cd buehtd y hc mhscdvh o hrosaòe mhc borth. Rh`ùe co aemaquh hc proyhbto o cd Rhbrhtdrêd, cds zdeids puhmhe hstdr rhbunahrtds o eo y cos normos puhmhe shr mh tahrrd, boebrhto o suhco-bhjheto.

 

 

 

Cos normaccos Roe hchjhetos quh aethrbhptde y boemubhe hc d`ud quh por hc hghbto mhc nojnho borrh

sonrh cd boroed mhc bdjaeo, mhsbdr`äemocd he cos cdvdmhros, pdrd hvatdr hrosaòe d cos tdcumhs mh cos thrrdpchehs quh hstáe boegorjdmos por jdthradc hrosaoednch. Cos normaccos puhmhe shr mh boebrhto la lamr mräu äuca cabo bo,, bo boeb ebrh rhto to dsgä dsgäcta ctabo bo o mh suhc suhcoo-bh bhjh jhet eto. o. He tomo tomoss cos cos bdso bdsoss sh boes boesam amhr hrdr dräe äe on onrd rdss  provasaoedchs he tdeto hc tdcum sh vhihth y sh prothid por sê jasjo o shd proth`amo jhmadeth otro  probhmajaheto, jojheto he quh mhnhe mhnhe shr rhjovamos y rhtardmos. rhtardmos.  

 

Bdedchs mh hebduzdjaheto

He thrrheos shesanchjheth pcdeos, he cos budchs hc hsburrajaheto hs mh tapo torrhebadc y eo

hxasthe bdubhs mhgaeamos, hs ehbhsdrao boestruar bdedchs quh aethrbhpthe hc d`ud deths mh quh ástd cch`uh dc bdjaeo y cd boemuzbd d sataos hch`amos boe detabapdbaòe, he cos quh sh puhmd boestruar ued onrd trdesvhrsdc y hghbtudr hc bruzdjaheto. Ra hc jdthradc hxtrdêmo dc ldbhr hstos bdedchs taheh cd bdcamdm dmhbudmd, puhmh utacazdrsh he cd boestrubbaòe mh cos thrrdpchehs. Cd phemaheth mhc bdedc sh proyhbtd boe  ndsh he quh cd mhsbdr`d sh hghbtudrä he hc satao prhhstdnchbamo y sh hvatdrd boestruar boestruar bdedchs mh sdcamd mh `rde coe`atum, hetrh otros gdbtorhs.

>.>. M^HEDIH ]^DE ]^DERWH^RDC RWH^RDC  

]unos

  Cos tunos so soee dcbdetdraccds mh sh shbbaòe bbaòe aethraor usudcjheth barbucdr y quh rhq rhquahrh uahrh ue hsphsor  mh thrrdpcáe o ue bocblòe jêeajo mh 6.76 j pdrd ue jhior guebaoedjaheto hstrubturdc. Hc jdthradc utacazdmo pdrd hsth tapo mh dcbdetdraccd puhmh shr mh boebrhto rhgorzdmo o cdjaed oemucdmd.

 

 

Bdioehs

Roe hstrubturds mh shbbaòe rhbtde`ucdr boe pdrhmhs, thblos y paso mh boebrhto rhgorzdmo buyd boestrubbaòe rhquahrh mh buamdmos hsphbadchs. ]rdndide he boeiueto bojo ue jdrbo rê`amo quh dnsorvh hc phso y hc hjpuih mhc thrrdpch, cd bdr`d vavd y cd rhdbbaòe mhc thrrheo.   ]deto cds cosds bojo cos juros soe mh shbb shbbaòe aòe mhc`dmd y mh pobo phso.  

Nòvhmds

  Cds nòvhmds soe hstrubturds buyd shbbaòe trdesvhrsdc aethraor hstä gorjdmd por trhs pdrth  praebapdchs9 hc paso, mos pdrhmhs vhrtabdchs quh soe cds bdrds aethraorhs mh cos hstranos y sonrh hstds ue drbo barbucdr mh jhmao pueto o rhndidmo quh hs hc aetrdmos mh u drbo hstrubturdc mh shbbaòe vdradnch boe ue jêeajo mh hsphsor he cd bcdvh.

  He `hehrdc, cds novhmds sh boestruyhe boe jdjpo jdjposthrêd sthrêd mh thrbhrd y jorthro mh bhjheto bhjheto 498.  

 

Cdvdmhros

Cos cdvdmhros soe bdedchs quh boemubhe y mhsbdr`de hc d`ud rhbochbtdmd por cos normaccos,

buehtds y `udreabaoehs d cu`drhs moemh eo bdush mdôo d cd hstrubturd mhc pdvajheto. Cos cdvdmhros  puhmhe shr mh jdjposthrêd, boebrhto lamräucabo o jhtäcabos. Ra sh boestruyhe boe jdjposthrêd o boebrhto lamräucabo, `hehrdcjheth tahehe shbbaòe trade`ucdr, boe hc propòsato mh co`rdr ued mhprhsaòe he su aethrshbbaòe boe hc dbotdjaheto, pdrd gdbacatdr cd hetrdmd mhc d`ud dc cdvdmhro.  Cos cdvdmhros sh boestruaräe sonrh hc tdcum y d djnos cdmos mh cos thrrdpchehs he tde`heth, mh  prhghrhebad he cds pdrths boe jheor dcturd; soco he hc tdcum aethreo mh cos thrrdpchehs he burvd burvd lorazoetdc he su pdrth jäs ndid; he cds pdrths ndids mh cds burvds vhrtabdchs, he cds shbbaoehs mh borth he quh sh

 

ldyd aethrbhptdmo ue hsburramhro edturdc quh pdsh drrand mh cd rdsdeth, quh mhnd boetaeudr mrhedemo, y he cds sdcamds mh cds onrds jheorhs mh mrhedih quh co rhquahrde.  

D jheo jheoss quh hhcc proy proyhbto hbto ae aemaqu maquhh otrd bbosd, osd, hhee cos ttrdjos rdjos he tde` tde`heth heth co coss cdvd cdvdmhro mhross sh

boestruaräe d bdmd baebuhetd (86) jhtros..  

He co coss tdcu tdcumhs mhs mmhh cos bo borth rths, s, co coss cdv cdvdmh dmhros ros sshh unab unabdrä dräee mh tdc j jdeh dehrd rd qu quhh bdp bdpthe the hhcc

hsburrajaheto mhsmh hc pueto suphraor y co boemuzbde ldstd cd pdrth aeghraor mhc borth, mhsbdr`äemoco d ued bdid djorta`udmord unabdmd dc pah mhc cdvdmhro y boehbtdmd d ued buehtd o d ued dcbdetdraccd quh  phrjatd hc pdso mhc hsburrajaheto d`uds d`uds dndio.

 

Wdmos

 Cos vdmos soe cds onrds quh sh boestruyhe he cds zoeds mh brubh mhc bdjaeo boe ue bdubh, pdrd  phrjatar hc pdso mhc d`ud sonrh cd suphrgabah mh romdjaheto. Rh`ùe hc rá`ajhe mh cd borraheth, cos vdmos  puhmhe shr9 °

 

- Wdmos joeocêtabos

Cos vdmos joeocêtabos soe cos quh sh boestruyhe d eavhc mhc bdubh, budemo hc drroyo por 

bruzdr taheh hsburrajahetos sòco murdeth cd thjpordmd mh ccuvads eorjdchs, quh promubhe tardeths mh ldstd budrhetd (=6) bhetêjhtros. °

- puheths Wdmo

Cos puheths vdmo soe cos quh sh boestruyhe jhmadeth tunos o bdioehs mh boebrhto lamräucabo he bd bdub ubhs hs qu quhh pr prhs hshe hetde tde ue `dst `dstoo phqu phquhô hôoo he gorj gorjdd phrj phrjde dehe heth th.. Gueb Guebao aoed edee bojo bojo dcbd dcbdet etdr drac accd cdss boeshrvdemo shbd cd suphrgabah mh romdjaheto ldstd hc jojheto he quh hc `dsto hxbhmh cd bdpdbamdm mh cos tunos, guebaoedemo hetoebhs bojo vdmo.

 

 

Vuheths

  Cos puheths sarvhe pdrd bruzd bruzdrr drroyos o rêos boe bcdros jdyorhs jdyorhs mh 46 j, he `hehrdc boestde mh dpoyos hxtrhjos o hstranos y mh dpoyos aethrjhmaos o pacds.  Vdrd hc bäcbuco hstrubturdc cds dcbdetdraccds sh bdcbucde boe hc 466% mh cd bdr`d jòvac quh puhmd bdnhr he cd onrd, tojdemo hc jomhco mhc bdjaòe jäs phsdmo sh`ùe co hsphbagabdmo o he su bdso cd bdr`d mh ghrr ghrrob obdr drra racc bo borr rrhs hspo poem emah ahet eth. h. Cos Cos puhe puheth thss sh bdcbu bdcbucde cde he bdrr bdrrht hthr hrds ds boe boe hc 08 08% % mh cd bdr` bdr`dd ueagorjhjheth rhpdrtamd borrhspoemaheth d cd jäxajd jòvac, jäs ue bdjaòe bdr`dmo dc bhetro; pdrd ghrrobdrrachs sh taheh quh vhr hc jäxajo mh cd bdr`d romdeth.

 

 

Nojnho mh cd boroed.

 Hc nojnho boesasth he proporbaoedr d cd boroed mhc bdjaeo, unabdmd he cds tde`heths mhc trdzo lorazoetdc, ued phemaheth trdesvhrsdc mhsmh hc bhetro mhc bdjaeo ldstd cos lojnros. Ru guebaòe hs mdr sdcamd hxphmatd dc d`ud y hvatdr quh bda`d he co jdyor posanch d cd suphrgabah aethred mh cds thrrdbhrêds.  He cds burvds lorazoetdchs, hc bdjaeo sh sonrh hchvd he hc lojnro hxthraor boe rhsphbto dc aethraor pdrd boetrdrrhstdr cd guhrzd bhetrêgu`d. Mabld sonrhhchvdbaòe sarvh pdrd mdr sdcamd dc d`ud quh bdh he hstds pdrths mhc bdjaeo, ldbad hc lojnro azquahrmo.  He bdjaeos rurdchs buyd boroed ùeabdjheth hstd rhvhstamd, hc nojnho mhnh shr mhc =% bojo jäxajo; sae hjndr`o, pdrd hvatdr cd hrosaòe he cos thrrdpchehs he ndcbòe y he cd suphrgabah mh romdjaheto budemo cd phemaheth coe`atumaedc shd guhrth, sh mdrä d cd boroed ued phemaheth trdesvhrsdc boetaeud ldbad hc cdmo mhc borth ldstd mh 48%. Boe onihto mh mhsdcoidr boe rdpamhz hc d`ud ldbad cd buehtd, cd sonrhhchvdbaòe jäxajd shrä mhc 46%.