Dosis Ibu Hamil 2

Kelompok Analgetik, NSAIDS, Obat Batuk dan Pilek, Anti Alergi dan Asma, Anestesi Obat untuk Penghilang Rasa Sakit (Pain Killer) AAP Kategori Risiko Nama Obat approved?* Kehamilan** Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Approved B C (1st, 2nd trim.) Aspirin Caution D (3rd trim.) Approved Azapropazone (Rheumox)

RisikoMenyusui** Notes L1 L3

1

L2

Butalbital (Fioricet, Fiorinal, Bancap, Twodyne)

 NR 

Butorphanol (Stadol)

Approved

Celecoxib (Celebrex)) Codeine (in Tylenol #3, #4) Colchicine Diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren) Fentanyl (Sublimaze) Flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Froben, Ocufen) Hydrocodone (Lortab, Vicodin) Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Pediaprofen)

NR  Approved Approved

B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) C C D

 NR 

B

L2

Approved

B B (1st, 2nd trim.) C (3rd trim.)

L2

 NR 

B

L3

4

NR 

L3

5

Indomethacin (Indocin)

Approved

Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular)

Approved

C B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.)

 NR 

Approved

D

L3

2

L3 L2 L3 L4

3

L2

L1 L3 L2

Meperidine (Demerol)

Approved

B

Methadone (Dolophine) Morphine (Duramorph, Infumorph, Epimorph, MS Contin) Nalbuphine (Nubain) Naproxen (Anaprox,

Approved

B

L2; L3 early  postpartum L3

Approved

B

L3

8

NR  Approved

B B

L2 L3;

9

6 7

 Naprosyn, Naproxen, L4 for chronic use Aleve) NR  Nefopam (Acupan) Approved Oxycodone (Tylox, Percodan,Oxycontin,  NR  10 B L3 Roxicet, Endocet, Roxiprin, Percocet) Pentosan  NR  B L2 polysulfate (Elmiron) Piroxicam (Feldene) Approved B L2 Propoxyphene (Darvocet 11 Approved C L2  N, Propacet, Darvon) Withdrawn from the market 12 Rofecoxib (Vioxx) Secobarbital (Seconal) 13 Approved D L3 Tolmetin (Tolectin) Approved C L3 Tramadol HCL (Ultram,  NR  14 C L3 Ultracet) Valdecoxib (Bextra) Withdrawn from the market more * Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk, revised September 2001. Approved : (Table 6) Maternal Medication Usually Compatible With Breastfeeding Caution : (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on Some Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution  NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by the AAP. ** Per  Medications’ and Mothers’ Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition). Lactation Risk Categories Pregnancy Risk Categories L1 (safest) A (controlled studies show no risk ) L2 (safer) B (no evidence of risk in humans) L3 (moderately safe) C (risk cannot be ruled out) L4 (possibly hazardous) D (positive evidence of risk) L5 (contraindicated) X (contraindicated in pregnancy)  NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by Hale.  

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1. Aspirin use is discouraged in children and nursing mothers due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome and internal bleeding. 2. Fioricet (Fiorinal, Bancap, Two-dyne) contains acetaminaphen or asprin, caffeine, and  butalbital. Per Hale, baby should be observed for sedation. 3. Hale suggests weakened or premature infants be o bserved for sedation and apnea. 4. Hale suggests newborns be observed for sedation, apnea, constipation. 5. Per Hale, use of frequent, higher dose may result in infant sedation. 6. Per Hale, Meperidine use during labor or early postpartum has been associated with sedation, poor sucking reflex, and neurobehavioral delay in infants. 7. Per Hale, observe infant for sedation, respiratory depression, addiction, withdrawal syndrome.

8. Per Hale, higher doses may result in infant se dation. 9. Per Hale, should be used with caution due to its long half-life and its effect on baby’s cardiovascular system, kidneys and GI tract; short-term, infrequent or occasional use is not necessarily incompatible with breastfeeding. 10. Roxicet, Endocet, Roxiprin, Percocet also contain acetaminophen. Per Hale, observe infant for sedation. 11. Per Hale, observe infant for sedation. 12. Per Hale, observe infant for GI cramping, distress, diarrhea. 13. Per Hale, observe infant for sedation. 14. Per Hale, observe infant for sedation.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) [more] Kategori Nama Generik  Nama Dagang AAP Risiko approved?* Kehamilan** RisikoMenyusui** Azapropazone (apazone) Rheumox Approved L2 Dipyrone (banned in the NR  Approved US & UK)

Flufenamic acid

-

Approved

Ibuprofen

Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Pediaprofin

Approved

Indomethacin

Indocin

Approved

Ketorolac

Toradol, Acular 

Approved

Mefenamic acid

Ponstan, Ponstel

Approved

B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) -

 Naproxen

Anaprox, Naprosyn,  Naproxen, Aleve

Approved

B

Phenylbutazone Piroxicam Suprofen Tolmetin

Butazolidine Feldene Profenal Tolectin

Approved Approved Approved Approved

B C

Steroid Methylprednisolone [ high dosage methylprednisolone] Prednisolone

NR  L1

L3

L2

NR  L3 L4 (for chronic use) NR  L2 NR  L3 [contents]

Solu-Medrol, DepoMedrol, Medrol

Approved

C

L2

-

Approved

C

L2

Prednisone

Deltasone, Meticorten, Orasone

Approved

C

[contents]

Obat Asma

Dyphylline Terbutaline Theophylline

L2

Dilor, Lufyllin, Dyphylline Bricanyl, Brethine Aminophylline, Quibron, Theo-Dur 

Approved

C

L3

Approved

B

L2

Approved

C

L3

Analgetik Narkotik  [more]

Butorphanol

Stadol

Codeine Fentanyl

Tylenol #3, #4 Sublimaze

B (1st, 2nd trim.) Approved D (3rd trim.) Approved C Approved B

Meperidine

Demerol

Approved

B

Methadone Morphine

Dolophine Approved Morphine Approved Darvocet N, Propacet, Approved Darvon

B B

L3 L2 L2 L3 (if used early  postpartum) L3 L3

C

L2

Propoxyphene

L3

Obat Batuk  Nama Obat

Codeine Dextromethorphan Guaifenesin

AAP approved?* yes not reviewed not reviewed

Risiko Menyusui**

L3 (moderately safe) L1 (safest) L2 (safer)

Dekongestan (Obat Pilek) Nama Obat

Phenylephrine

AAP approved?* not reviewed

Risiko Menyusui**

L3 (moderately safe) L3 (moderately safe) for acute use Pseudoephedrine yes L4 (possibly hazardous) for chronic use due to (Sudafed, Actifed)  potential for decreasing milk supply * Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk, revised September 2001. ** Per  Medications’ and Mothers’ Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2006 edition)

Nasal Sprays (Spray Hidung) AAP Nama Obat approved?* Beclomethasone (Vanceril, Beclovent, not reviewed Beconase, Vancenase) Cromlyn sodium not reviewed (Nasalcrom) Fluticasone (Flonase) not reviewed Mometasone not reviewed (Nasonex) Phenylephrine (in some forms of Sinex not reviewed and Neo-Synephrine) Triamcinolone not reviewed Acetonide (Nasacort)

Risiko Menyusui**

L2 (safer) L1 (safest) L3 (moderately safe) L3 (moderately safe) L3 (moderately safe) L3 (moderately safe)

Antihistamin (Anti Alergi) AAP Nama Obat Risiko Menyusui** approved?* Brompheniramine not reviewed L3 (moderately safe) Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton) not reviewed L3 (moderately safe) CTM Cetirizine (Zyrtec) not reviewed L2 (safer) Dexbrompheniramine maleate yes not reviewed with d-isoephedrine Diphenhydramine not reviewed L2 (safer) (Benadryl) Doxylamine not reviewed L4 (possibly hazardous) Fexofenadine yes L3 (moderately safe) (Allegra) Loratadine (Claritin) yes L2 (safer) Terfenadine yes not reviewed (Seldane) Triprolidine (Actidil, yes L1 (safest) Actifed) * Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk, revised September 2001. ** Per  Medications’ and Mothers’ Milk  by Thomas Hale, PhD (2002 edition)

Obat Anestesi Nama Obat

 Local anesthetics Articaine (Septocaine) Bupivacaine (Marcaine) Lidocaine (Xylocaine) Mepivacaine (Carbocaine, Polocaine) Procaine HCL (Novocaine) General anesthetics Halothane (Fluothane) Isoflurane (Forane) Ketamine Methohexital (Brevital)  Nitrous oxide Sevoflurane (Ultane) Thiopental (Pentothal)

AAP Kategori Risiko RisikoMenyusui** Notes approved?* Kehamilan**

NR  NR  Approved

C C

 NR  L2 L2

more

 NR 

C

L3

more

NR 

C

L3

Approved NR NR Approved NR NR  Approved

C B B C

L2 NR  NR  L3 L3 L3 L3

more 1 more

Oth er medicati ons oft en used dur in g anesthesia 

Sedatives Diazepam (Valium)

Concern

D

L3; L4 for chronic use L3 more L2 L3

Midazolam (Versed) Concern D Propofol (Diprivan) NR  B Triazolam (Halcion) NR  X  Narcotic Analgesics Alfentanil (Alfenta) NR  C L2 Fentanyl (Sublimaze) Approved B L2 Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) NR  C L3 Morphine Approved B L3 Reversal Medication Flumazenil (Romazicon) NR   NR  2 C  Naloxone (Narcan) NR   NR  3 C Steroids Decadron (Dexamethasone) NR   NR  more C Stimulants Epinephrine (Adrenaline) NR  C L1 Anti-nausea Promethazine (Phenergan) NR  C L2 * Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk, revised September 2001.

Approved : (Table 6) Maternal Medication Usually Compatible With Breastfeeding Concern: (Table 4) Drugs for Which the Effect on Nursing Infants Is Unknown but May Be of Concern Caution : (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on Some Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution  NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by the AAP. ** Per  Medications’ and Mothers’  Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition). Lactation Risk Categories Pregnancy Risk Categories L1 (safest) A (controlled studies show no risk ) L2 (safer) B (no evidence of risk in humans) L3 (moderately safe) C (risk cannot be ruled out) L4 (possibly hazardous) D (positive evidence of risk) L5 (contraindicated) X (contraindicated in pregnancy)  NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by Hale.  

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1. Isoflurane (Forane) is used for c-sections and directly in newborns. Induction of and recovery from isoflurane anesthesia are rapid, so the majority of the medication is out of the  body (and milk) very quickly. More here. 2. Flumazenil (Romazicon) is used directly in children aged 12 months and up. 3.  Naloxone (Narcan) is used directly in newborns and children. 4. Many forms of Robitussin, Delsym and Benylin are considered co mpatible with  breastfeeding. Always check the active ingredients, as there are many versions.

Kelompok Antasida, Antibiotik, Antivirus, Antijamur, Kontrasepsi, Obat jantung & Hipertensi, Vitamin, dll

Nama Generik 

Nama Dagang

Antasida Cimetidine (Antacid) Tagamet Cisapride (GI tract stimulant) Propulsid Domperidone (used for nausea & vomiting, stimulates Motilum lactation) [more] Antibiotika Larotid, Amoxicillin Amoxil Aztreonam Azactam Ultracef, Cefadroxil Duricef  Ancef, Cefazolin Kefzol

Kategori AAP Risiko approved?* Kehamilan** RisikoMenyusui** [contents] Approved B L2 Approved C L2 Approved

-

L1

[contents] Approved

B

L1

Approved

B

L2

Approved

B

L1

Approved

B

L1

Cefotaxime Cefoxitin Cefprozil

Claforan Mefoxin Cefzil Ceftazidime, Ceftazidime Fortaz, Taxidime Ceftriaxone Rocephin Ciprofloxacin [more] Cipro Clindamycin Cleocin E-Mycin, Ery-tab, Erythromycin ERYC, Ilosone Fleroxacin Gentamicin Garamycin Kebecil, Kanamycin Kantrex Moxalactam Moxam  Nitrofurantoin Macrobid Ofloxacin Floxin Penicillin Streptomycin Streptomycin Sulbactam Gantrisin, Sulfisoxazole AzoGantrisin Achromycin, Tetracycline Sumycin, Terramycin Ticarcillin, Ticarcillin Ticar, Timentin Proloprim, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Trimpex

Antikoagulan Bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol)

Warfarin

Approved Approved Approved

B B C

L2 L1 L1

Approved

B

L1

Approved Approved Approved

B C B

L2 L3 L3

Approved

B

L1 L3 early postnatal

Approved Approved

C

NR  L2

Approved

D

L2

Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved

B C B D -

NR  L2 L2 L1 L3 NR 

Approved

C

L2

Approved

D

L2

Approved

B

L1

Approved

C

L3

[contents] -

Approved

-

NR 

Coumadin, Panwarfin

Approved

D

L2

[contents]

Antikonvulsan (Anti kejang)

Carbamazepine Ethosuximide Magnesium sulfate Phenytoin Valproic acid

Anti Jamur Fluconazole [more]

Ketoconazole

Antivirus Acyclovir [more]

Interferon-alpha [more]

Tegretol, Epitol Zarontin Epsom salt Dilantin Depakene, Depakote

Diflucan  Nizoral Shampoo,  Nizoral

Zovirax Alferon N, Interferon Alpha

Approved

C

L2

Approved Approved Approved

C B D

L4 L1 L2

Approved

D

L2

Approved

C

[contents] L2

Approved

C

L2

Approved

C

[contents] L2

Approved

C

L2

Arthritis meds (see also: pain meds) Ridaura, Gold salts Myochrysine, Approved Solganal

[contents] C

L5

Approved

X

Approved

-

[contents] L3 (may interfere with milk   production) NR 

Kontrasepsi, Hormon

Estradiol Clogestone

Contraceptive pill with estrogen/progesterone

Estratab, Permarin, Menest Preven, Seasonale,  Norinyl,  Norlestin, Ortho Novum, Ovral, Lunelle

Approved

X

L3 (may interfere with milk   production)

Levonorgestrel

Medroxyprogesterone  Norethynodrel Progesterone

injection, Ortho-Evra  patch, etc.  Norplant, Mirena, Plan B Provera, DepoProvera, Cycrin Enovid Crinone, Prometrium

Approved

X

L2

Approved

D

L1 L4 (if used first 3 days postpartum)

Approved

X

L2

Approved

-

L3

[contents] Obat Diabetes ote: Insulin has not been reviewed by the AAP. Pregnancy risk category = B; Lactation risk  category = L1. Oramide, Tolbutamide Approved D L3 Orinase

Obat Diare

[contents]

Imodium, Pepto Diarrhea Control, Maalox Loperamide Antidiarrheal Approved B L2 Caplets, Kaopectate II Caplets, Immodium Advanced ** Note: Pepto-Bismol & Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient in both) are not recommended for routine use by nursing moms, due to the association of salicylates with Reyes syndrome in children. [more]

[contents]

Diuretik (Peluruh Kencing)

Acetazolamide

Dazamide, Diamox

Approved

C

Bendroflumethiazide

Naturetin

Approved

D

Chlorothiazide Chlorthalidone

Hydrodiuril Hygroton Hydrodiuril, Esidrix, Oretic Aldactone

Approved Approved

D D

L4 (may inhibit lactation) L3 L3

Approved

D

L2

Approved

D

L2

-

[contents] L1

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) Spironolactone

Anti Muntah [more] Domperidone

Motilum

Approved

L2

[contents]

Anti Hipertensi, Obat Jantung Anti aritmia 

Disopyramide Flecainide Mexiletine Procainamide Quinidine

 Norpace,  Napamide Tambocor  Mexitil Pronestyl, Procan Quinaglute, Quinidex

Approved

C

L2

Approved Approved

C B

L3 L2

Approved

C

L3

Approved

C

L2

Anti H ipertensi 

Captopril

Capoten

Approved

D

L3 (if used after 30 days)

Diltiazem/Diltiazem HCL

Cardizem Sr, Dilacor-XR, Approved Diltiazem, Cardizem CD

C

L3

Enalapril/Enalapril Maleate Hydralazine Labetalol

Vasotec Apresoline Trandate,  Normodyne

Approved

C (1st trim.) D (2nd, 3rd trim.) C

Approved

C

Approved

L2 L2 L2

Methyldopa Metoprolol Minoxidil  Nadolol  Nifedipine

Oxprenolol Propranolol Sotalol Timolol Verapamil

Aldomet Toprol XL, Lopressor  Loniten, Minodyl, Rogaine Corgard,  Nadolol Adalat, Procardia Apsolox, SlowTrasicor, Trasicor  Inderol Betapace Blocadren Calan, Isoptin, Covera-HS

Approved

C

L2

Approved

B

L3

Approved

C

L2 (topically) L3 (orally)

Approved

C

L4

Approved

C

L2

Approved

-

NR 

Approved Approved Approved

C B C

L2 L3 L2

Approved

C

L2

Approved

C

L2

C B -

[contents] L3 NR  L1 L3

Cardiac stimul ants 

Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps Laksan (Pelancar BAB) [more] Cascara/Cascara Sagrada Danthron Magnesium sulfate Epsom salt Senna Digoxin

Approved Approved Approved Approved

[contents]

Obat malaria

Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Pyrimethamine Quinine

Aralen,  Novochloroquine Plaquenil Daraprim Quinamm

Approved

C

L3

Approved Approved Approved

C C D

L2 L4 L2

Medical Testing [more] Diatrizoate Fluorescein Gadopentetic (Gadolinium) Iohexol Iopanoic acid Metrizamide Metrizoate

Obat Migren [more] Sumatriptan

Omnipaque Telepaque Amipaque Isopaque

Imitrex

Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved

Approved

C C B D B B

[contents] NR  L3 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2

C

[contents] L3

[contents]

Obat Sedativ [more]

Chloral hydrate

Aquachloral,  Noctec

Methyprylon (withdrawn from use in US & Canada) Bromide Secobarbital Seconal

Obat Tidur Zolpidem/Zolpidem Tartrate

Obat Anti Tiroid [more] Carbimazole Methimazole (active metabolite of carbimazole) Propylthiouracil Thiouracil

Levothyroxine

Ambien

Approved

C

L3

Approved

-

NR 

Approved Approved

D D

L5 L3

B

[contents] L3

Approved

-

Approved

D

[contents] L3

Tapazole

Approved

D

L3

PTU Synthroid, Levothroid, Thyroid, Levo-T, Levoxyl

Approved Approved

D -

L2 NR 

Approved

A

L1

Obat TBC Cycloserine

Ethambutol Isoniazid Rifampin

Seromycin Ethambutol, Myambutol INH, Laniazid Rifadin, Rimactane

Approved

C

[contents] L3

Approved

B

L2

Approved

C

L3

Approved

C

L2

VITAMIN [more] B-1 (thiamin) B-12 (Cyanocobalamin)

-

Approved Approved

A

B-6 (pyridoxine)

-

Approved

A

D, vitamin

Calciferol, Delta-d

Approved

A

Folic acid

-

Approved

K-1, vitamin (Phytonadione) Riboflavin/B2

-

Approved Approved

Lain-lain Acitretin (Anti-psoriasis) Alcohol/Ethanol [more]

Allopurinol Antimony Atropine (Anticholinergic, drying agent) Azapropazone/apazone (Antirheumatic)

L1 L1 L1

Soriatane Zyloprim, Lopurin Belladonna, Atropine

Approved Approved

D

[contents] NR  L3

Approved

C

L2

Approved

-

NR 

Approved

C

L3

Rheumox

Approved

-

L2

Approved

C

L2

Approved

-

NR 

Approved

B

L2

Approved

-

NR 

Lioresal, Atrofen Barbiturate Vivarin, Caffeine [more]  NoDoz, Coffee Carbetocin (Antihemorrhagic) Duratocin Baclofen (muscle relaxant)

A (1st, 2nd trim.) C (3rd trim.) C A

[contents] NR  L1 L2; L4 in high doses (may inhibit lactation) L3 (do not overdose)

B. DAFTAR OBAT AMAN DAN BERBAHAYA UNTUK UNTUK IBU HAMIL DAN DAN MENYUSUI Obat Kategori A:

Adalah golongan obat yang pada studi (terkontrol) pada kehamilan yang tidak  menunjukkan risiko bagi janin pada trimester 1 dan trimester berikutnya. Obat dalam kategori ini amat kecil kemungkinannya bagi keselamatan janin. Obat Kategori B:

Adalah golongan obat yang pada studi terhadap sistem reproduksi binatang percobaan yang tidak menunjukkan resiko bagi janin. Belum ada studi terkontrol pada wanita hamil yang menunjukkan adanya efek samping, kecuali adanya penurunan fertilitas pada kehamilan trimester pertama, sedangkan pada trimester berikutnya tidak didapatkan bukti adanya resiko. Obat Kategori C:

Adalah golongan obat yang pada studi terhadap sistem reproduksi binatang percobaan menunjukkan adanya efek samping bagi janin. Sedangkan pada wanita hamil belum ada study terkontrol. Obat golongan ini hanya dapat dipergunakan jika manfaatnya lebih besar  ketimbang resiko yang mungkin terjadi pada janin. Obat Kategoti D:

Adalah

golongan

obat

yang

menunjukkan

adanya

resiko

bagi

janin.

Padakeadaan khusus obat ini digunakan jika manfaatnya kemungkinan lebih besar dibanding resikonya. Penggunaan Pen ggunaan obat golongan ini terutama untuk mengatasi keadaan yang mengancam jiwa atau jika tidak ada obat lain yang lebih aman. Obat Kategori X:

Adalah golongan obat yang pada studi terhadap binatang percobaan maupun pada manusia menunjukkan bukti adanya resiko bagi janin. Obat golongan ini tidak boleh dipergunakan (kontra indikasi) untuk wanita hamil, atau kemungkinan dalam keadaan hamil

Kelompok Analgetik, NSAIDS, Obat Batuk dan Pilek, Anti Alergi dan Asma, Anestesi Obat untuk Penghilang Rasa Sakit (Pain Killer) AAP Kategori Risiko Nama Obat approved?* Kehamilan** Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Approved B C (1st, 2nd trim.) Aspirin Caution D (3rd trim.) Approved Azapropazone (Rheumox)

RisikoMenyusui** Notes L1 L3

1

L2

Butalbital (Fioricet, Fiorinal, Bancap, Twodyne)

 NR 

Butorphanol (Stadol)

Approved

Celecoxib (Celebrex)) Codeine (in Tylenol #3, #4) Colchicine Diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren) Fentanyl (Sublimaze) Flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Froben, Ocufen) Hydrocodone (Lortab, Vicodin) Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Pediaprofen)

NR  Approved Approved

B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) C C D

 NR 

B

L2

Approved

B B (1st, 2nd trim.) C (3rd trim.)

L2

 NR 

B

L3

4

NR 

L3

5

Indomethacin (Indocin)

Approved

Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular)

Approved

C B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.) B (1st, 2nd trim.) D (3rd trim.)

 NR 

Approved

D

L3

2

L3 L2 L3 L4

3

L2

L1 L3 L2

Meperidine (Demerol)

Approved

B

Methadone (Dolophine) Morphine (Duramorph, Infumorph, Epimorph, MS Contin) Nalbuphine (Nubain) Naproxen (Anaprox,

Approved

B

L2; L3 early  postpartum L3

Approved

B

L3

8

NR  Approved

B B

L2 L3;

9

6 7