Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum Temperament Astrologys Forgotten Key Parte 1

 TEMP  TEMPER ERAM AMEN ENT T  Astr  Astrol olog ogy’ y’ss

by  Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum M.A.

 The Wessex Astrologer

 TEMP  TEMPER ERAM AMEN ENT T  Astr  Astrol olog ogy’ y’ss

by  Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum M.A.

 The Wessex Astrologer

Published in 2005 by The Wessex Astrologer Ltd 4A Woodside Road Bournemouth BH5 2AZ England www.wessexastrologer.com Copyright © Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum Dorian Gieseler Greenbaum asserts the moral right to be recognised as the author of this work. ISBN 190240517X

A catalogue record of this book is available at The British Library

 No part of this work may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means without the express express  permission of the publisher. Reviewers may quote short sections.

 Acknowledgments  strange thing happened in the writing of this book. During every part of my research, writing md revisions, I was mysteriously led to people who came to offer help at just the right moment; and they in turn led me to others who were equally helpful and supportive. This round robin of  benefactors includes the following:

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Joseph Crane, who read the first and subsequent drafts and lent an ear on numerous occasions as I worked through problems. Robert Hand, whose work on temperament inspired me to do my own research, and who gave Garry Phillipson my email address. Garry Phillipson, whose interest in temperament led him to me, and whose suggestions, ideas and allaround good sense made this book better. Garry also showed my manuscript to Patrick Curry. Patrick Curry, who used my manuscript in the readings for his course “Astrology as Ancient Psychology” at Bath Spa University College, and who was kind enough to write the preface for this book. Bernadette Brady, who found me a publisher and also contributed valuable suggestions to improve the scope of the book. John Frawley, whose work with temperament helped me to sharpen my own.  Nadine Harris, who contributed an eagle editorial eye and rearranged some of my tables. Graeme Tobyn, who went out of his way to meet with me one evening, whose book on Culpeper is an inspiration, and who alerted me to the existence of Kant’s temperament theories and to the book Saturn and Melancholy.

Tom Callanan, who gave excellent advice on t he third part of the book. Peter Standaart who, out of the goodness of his heart, created a software program using my temperament formula, and was my own personal cheerleader. Anne Lathrop, who created a temperament scoring table for me. Michael Fagan, who lent me the unpublished Marc Edmund Jones material on temperament. Chantal Allison, who helped me negotiate with the Bibliotheque Nationale de France. Margaret Cahill, who saw something good in my original manuscript. The Waldorf students, parents and teachers, who gave me something to study. My astrology students, whose insightful questions improved my own thinking and writing. And finally, always, to Don, who provides constant love and support.

Table of Contents List of Figures and Tables Preface Introduction Part 1 - Theory and History of Temperament

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Part 2 - Temperament Theory Applied: The Waldorf Study

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Part 3 - Using Temperament in Modern Astrological Practice

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Appendix A - Determining Temperament Etc.Through the Ages

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Appendix B - Robert Burton and ‘The Anatomy of Melancholy’ 

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Appendix C - Ramon Lull’s Descriptions of Temperament

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Appendix D - Nicholas Culpeper’s Descriptions of Temperament

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Appendix E - Poems on Temperament

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Appendix F - Culpeper’s Compound Temperaments

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Appendix G - Roy Wilkinson’s Temperament Charts

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Appendix H - Birthcharts of the Children used in the Waldorf Study

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Appendix I - Names, Temperaments and Temperament Factors

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 Notable Charts

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Allen, Woody Astaire, Fred Blair, Tony Branagh, Kenneth Burton, Robert Bush, George W. Christie, Agatha Cleese, John Da Vinci, Leonardo

H9 112 96 128 153 92 121 107 124

Ficsac-

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Frank, Anne Harrison, George Jung, Carl Gustav Limbaugh, Rush Lindbergh, Charles Margaret, Princess of England McCartney, Paul de Saint'Exupery, Antoine Schopenhauer, Arthur Simon, Paul (singer) Steiner, Rudolf

HO 102 45 126 117 115 136 105 131 99 50

 Preface his is a wonderful book. Not only deeply researched and carefully written but thoroughly enjoyable, it enriches our collective cultural and intellectual life. The primary context for this contribution is astrology, that tradition which in its millennia-long history has survived so many ‘deaths’ and rebirths to flourish anew. But Greenbaum’s book also reaches out beyond astrology and enables new connections. Fittingly for such an ancient subject, its starting-point is some very old connections between astrology, philosophy and medicine. They are also appropriate, however, because this is a time when the fundamental pieties of modernity are coming into serious question. That universal quantitative stuff is real whereas multiple particular qualities and forms are not; that true knowledge is ‘objective’ not ‘subjective’; that a sharp division between world and self, matter and mind, outer and inner, can  be sustained: all this not only can but must now be doubted. So it is not surprising that part of this  process involves returning to premodern insights with deep roots. Actually, as Bruno Latour points out in We Have Never Been Modern,   we never stopped living   as if sensuous particularities were real and qualities were shared by objects and subjects alike; rather we learned to pretend it was not so. Greenbaum’s book invites us to re-cognize a lived and li ving world. Of course, that world - including temperament - ultimately resists complete understanding (which is why modernist analysis, which refuses to acknowledge any limits, turns it into a dead world in which life is a tiny and meaningless accident). But discussing and thinking about experience is part of being human, so think about it we will; and concerning temperament, Greenbaum shows us a subtle, elegant and rich way in which to do so, and perhaps go as far as we can. I also welcome her return to a deeper, wider and more humane understanding of ‘research’ - one which, instead of fruitlessly trying to eliminate human participation, welcomes it. In another perspective, this book is one of the fruits of a renaissance within astrology, sometimes called the traditional revival, that began in the 1980s. Increasing dissatisfaction with modern  psychological astrology, marked by a smugly insular emphasis on the supposedly new and progressive, coincided with astrologers’ rediscovery of their ancient Greek, medieval and early modern roots. This  book adds greatly to making that material available, of course, but it also reflects a new maturity. Greenbaum doesn’t reject modern astrology so much as skilfully enriches it, making available to astrologers a fertile new synthesis. (Actually, again, the best psychological astrologers were always aware of working within a tradition with premodern Hermetic and neoPlatonic origins, as indeed was Jung himself.) Finally, Temperament and Astrology   also contributes to another kind of cultural conversation: the increasing dialogues between practising astrologers and scholars studying astrology, to their mutual enrichment, that has been taking place in the last two decades or so. The rediscovery I just mentioned abounds with instances of this process, and it is increasingly taking place within as well as outside university departments: for example, the Sophia Centre at Bath Spa University College, the Study of 

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Religions Department at the University of Kent, the Warburg Institute in London, the Humanities Department of the University of Amsterdam, and Kepler College. This development is greatly to be welcomed, and as both practitioner and scholar of astrology, Dorian Greenbaum is perfectly placed to add to it. With this book she already has, but I suspect (and hope) it is only the beginning!

 Patri ck Cu rry N ovem ber 2 004

Man as

Affected by the  Humors

From Bartholomaeus Anglicus, On the Properties of Things 15th Century, France, Le Mans Field by the Bibliotheque Nationale de France

 Introduction His life was gentle, and the elements So mix’d in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world, “This was a man!” Shakespeare,  Juliu s Ca esar,  Act V, Scene 5

t is human nature to want to put things into categories, whether they be as broad as animal, vegetable and mineral or as narrow as Delicious versus Macintosh apples. We are no different in our urge to categorize human beings in every way possible. Jung says it is because we want to “bring order into the chaos,”1  and he may very well be right. We have been classifying humans physically, mentally and  psychologically for thousands of years. One kind of classification, temperament, has been used by scientists, doctors, philosophers and astrologers for over 2000 years. What is the relationship between temperament and astrology? What is temperament, and how did the theories about it evolve? What is the history of temperament in western civilization? How has it been used in modern times? How can we use it to better understand ourselves today? All these questions will be explored in the following  pages. The first part of this book will be devoted to a definition of temperament, discussion of the four qualities and the elements, and a look at the theory and history of temperament in the west. The second part will describe a study I did correlating Rudolf Steiner’s theories of temperament in Waldorf education to the astrological birthchart. The third part will provide some ideas for using temperament in modern astrological practice, along with examples. All three parts will be useful in giving a complete  picture of the nature of the relationship between temperament and astrology.

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1. C.G. Jung, trans. Baynes,  Psych ologi cal T ypes, University Press, 1971), p. 531.

Colle cted Work s Vo lume 6  (Princeton,

N.J.:Princeton

 Part 1 Theory and History of Temperament  he temperament theory and analysis which have come down to us in the modern western world  began with the Greeks. From Empedocles’ first hypotheses about the components of the cosmos, to the latest websites devoted to “modern” temperamental analysis, temperament has been a subject of continual fascination. Astrologers were early to join the bandwagon, and from classical to modern times they have studied temperament as a component of chart analysis, often using complex formulae. Given astrology’s strong roots in Greek culture and philosophy, this is not surprising. The doctrine of temperament alluded to by Hippocrates, developed by Galen and used by Ptolemy persisted through medieval astrology and into William Lilly’s time. What is temperament, and what are its components? Before we explore the history and theory of t emperament, these are the questions that must be answered.

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What is Temperament?

It might be easier to define temperament by what it is not. In the first place, it is not the same as  personality, although personality can incorporate parts of someone’s temperament in its expression. Personality is shaped by both internal and external factors, whereas temperament is entirely innate. Temperament is not character, though in some ways the two concepts have a commonality. Character can refer to the distinctive features or qualities that distinguish one form from another, and so is innate like temperament; but it also refers, at least in modern English connotation, to the moral nature of a person. The original Greek meaning of the word xp6