Documentation Real Estate Final

Index Sr. No.

Content

Page No.

1 1.1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4 5 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 8 9

Organization Profile Organization Overview Project Profile Hardware / Software Tools Used Tools and Technology Used Detailed Description Proposed System Requirement Specification Project Definition Feasibility Study System Development Model Risk Analysis and Management System Design Data Flow Diagram ER-Diagram Data Dictionary Record Layout User Interface Screen Shots Testing Testing Objectives Test Strategies Types Of Testing Conclusion References and Bibliography

Topic No. 1.1

2 6 8 15 16 22 23 24 26 31 33 43 47 53 59 87 88 89 91 92

ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW

Organization Overview TPGC-BCA

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Definition The Project is “Real Estate Portal Using Google Map”. It is online portal for buyer and seller who want to invest in real estate businesses. There are many advance modules using Google API. User can find exact location on Google Map with different techniques and ways. There would be features like login, registration, searching properties, browsing properties, finding location on Google Map, booking home, payment gateway integration, use of web services, sending mails, managing customers, managing properties and managing payment.  This is a website related to real estate which deals in buying and selling of homes, land, commercial properties all over the world. 

It will also show the location of the particular property with the help of Google map. This will be done by tracking the IP address.



The payment of the property could be done by using PayPal or through cheque or any other payment mode suitable for the customer.

Topic No. 1.1

ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW

Benefits TPGC-BCA

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Following are the benefits for using Real Estate Portal Using Google Map:  Our system provides the facilities of buying and selling of homes in a very user friendly format.  The seller can upload his/her property along with the information of its exact location.  The buyer can browse for the property according to his requirement and can also view where exactly the property has been located.  The location of the property can be viewed with the help of Google Map.  We have adapted PayPal payment gateway for secure payment transactions.  The buyer can book the property with the help of PayPal by paying the booking amount.

Topic No. 1.1

ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW

Company Profile TPGC-BCA

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“.Net Xpert Web Solutions” is ISO 9001:2008 certified company and providing high quality based software & services. ".Net Xpert Web Solutions" is pioneer in providing Software Development, Corporate Training, Web Development, SEO, Web Hosting, Outsourcing and Job Consulting. Our accomplished team has expert knowledge and a vast experience in the IT industry. We are giving free live project training in Asp.net 2010 ( Framework 4.0),PHP, Core & Advanced JAVA, Silverlight, LINQ, WCF, WPF, Share Point Server2010 Development & Administration, Joomla, MS SqlServer, MySQL, Software Testing, Search Engine Registration(SEO). In short our projects would be in totally advanced technology. So, in future students will get good opportunity to get job immediately. Web Development: .Net Xpert Web Solutions offers complete services including web development and web design , Internet marketing consulting and promotional services and corporate identity. We have more than 4 years of professional experience globally in all areas of website development and designing. Our resourceful services include consulting, live project training, web development, custom website design, Flash web sites, and Internet marketing. We are using Open Source Technologies (PHP, Perl, Ruby, RoR), Microsoft Technologies (ASP, C#, VB.Net, ASP.Net). Web Designing: Your website is your investment with definite objectives, and if scoped-out and implemented correctly, it translates into measurable results for your organization. At .Net xpert Web Solutions, we are persistent focus meeting these objectives by ensuring that they reflect the current realities of the connected world. We showcase your marketplace identity that cultivates powerful relationships.

Topic No. 1.1

ORGANIZATION OVERVIEW

Web Hosting : Today, .Net Xpert Web Solutions is the preferred choice for hosting TPGC-BCA

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personal and small business websites. Our high quality service includes fast and reliable servers, professional and friendly staff, multiple free tools, and a featurerich hosting package. And all this provided at an unbeatable price! Corporate Training: ".Net Xpert Web Solution" offers a variety of formats to suit your training needs. We work with your schedule and requirements to ensure that you get the training you need, when and where you need it. Internet Marketing: Web promotion means listing your website at top position on leading search engines like Yahoo! and Google. With proper web site promotion and Search Engine Optimization of your pages and listing in leading search engines, your business will get a major boost. Web site promotion is achieved with effective search engine optimization of your website for top listings in search engines.

Project Guide Profile: Name: Rana Bhavin C. Designation: Project Manager Degree: MCA .Net Xpert Web Solutions Bhavin Rana (Project Manager) Main Branch add: FF14,First Floor, Emperor Building, Fatehgunj, Vadodara Second Address: SF26,Second Floor, Emperor Building, Fatehgunj, Vadodara Third Address: B19, ZaverNagar Soc. Harni Warasiya Ring Road, Vadodara. URL: www.dotnetexpert.in Email 1: [email protected] Email 2: expert @ dotnetexpert.info Mobile: 9898163779, 9638271222 Office: 0265 - 3026112

Topic No. 2.1

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HARDWARE/SOFTWARE TOOLS USED

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Hardware /Software Tools Used HARDWARE TOOLS USED Processor: 3.06 GHz Dual Core RAM: 3 GB Monitor: 15.4” monitor Hard Disk: 320 GB

Topic No. 2.1

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HARDWARE/SOFTWARE TOOLS USED

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SOFTWARE TOOLS USED Front End: Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 in .NET framework 4.0 using C# Back End: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Operating System: Microsoft Windows 7 Home Premium Documentation: Edraw Max 5.1 Edraw Flowchart 5.6 Microsoft office Word 2007 Fast Stone Screen Capture Browser: Internet Explorer 9.0, 8.0 Mozilla Firefox 4.0 b11 Safari Opera 11.01 Google Chrome 9.0

Topic No. 2.2

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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Tools And Technology Used Introduction Microsoft Visual Studio 2010

to

Microsoft Visual Studio is the main Integrated Development Environment (IDE) from Microsoft. It can be used to develop console and GUI applications along with Windows Forms applications, web sites, web applications, and web services in both native code as well as managed code for all platforms supported by Microsoft Windows, Windows Mobile, .NET Framework, .NET Compact Framework and Microsoft Silver light. Visual Studio includes a code editor supporting IntelliSense as well as code refactoring. The integrated debugger works both as a source-level debugger and a machine-level debugger. Other built-in tools include a forms designer for building GUI applications, web designer, class designer, and database schema designer. It allows plug-ins to be added that enhance the functionality at almost every level including adding support for source control systems (like Subversion and Visual SourceSafe) to adding new toolsets like editors and visual designers for domainspecific languages or toolsets for other aspects of the software development lifecycle (like the Team Foundation Server client: Team Explorer). Visual Studio supports languages by means of language services, which allow any programming language to be supported (to varying degrees) by the code editor and debugger, provided a language-specific service has been authored. Built-in languages include C/C++ (via Visual C++), VB.NET (via Visual Basic .NET), and C# (via Visual C#). Support for other languages such as F#, Python, and Ruby among others has been made available via language services which are to be installed separately. It also supports XML/XSLT, HTML/XHTML, JavaScript and CSS. Language-specific versions of Visual Studio also exist which provide more limited language services to the user. These individual packages are called Microsoft Visual Basic, Visual J#, Visual C#, and Visual C++.

Topic No. 2.2

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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ASP.Net 4.0 with C# C# and its Features: 1. C# is a simple, modern, object oriented language derived from C++ and Java. 2. It aims to combine the high productivity of VB and the raw power of C++. 3. It is a part of Microsoft Visual Studio7.0. 4. Visual studio supports Vb, VC++, C++, Vbscript and Jscript. All of these languages provide access to the Microsoft .NET platform. 5. .NET includes a Common Execution engine and a rich class library. 6. Microsoft's JVM equiv. is Common language run time (CLR). 7. CLR accommodates more than one language such as C#, VB.NET, Jscript, ASP.NET, C++. 8. Source code-> Intermediate Language code (IL)-> (JIT Compiler) Native code. 9. The classes and data types are common to all of the .NET languages. 10. We may develop Console application, Windows application, and Web application using C#. 11. In C# Microsoft has taken care of C++ problems such as Memory management, pointers etc. 12. It supports garbage collection.

Topic No. 2.2

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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Main Features of C# 1. Pointers are missing in C#. 2. Unsafe operations such as direct memory manipulation are not allowed. 3. In C# there is no usage of "::"or "->" operators. 4. Since it`s on .NET, it inherits the features of automatic memory management and garbage collection. 5. Varying ranges of the primitive types like Integer, Floats etc. 6. Integer values of 0 and 1 are no longer accepted as Boolean values. Boolean values are pure true or false values in C# so no more errors of "="operator and "=="operator. "==" is used for comparison operation and "=" is used for assignment operation. MODERN 1. C# has been based according to the current trend and is very powerful and simple for building interoperable, scalable, robust applications. 2. C# includes built in support to turn any component into a web service that can be invoked over the Internet from any application running on any platform.

OBJECT ORIENTED 1. C# supports Data Encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces. 2. (int, float, double) are not objects in java but C# has introduces structures (structs) which enable the primitive types to become objects int i=1; String a=i Tostring(); //conversion (or) Boxing Topic No. 2.2 TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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TYPE SAFE 1. In C# we cannot perform unsafe casts like convert double to a Boolean. 2. Value types (primitive types) are initialized to zeros and reference types (objects and classes are initialized to null by the compiler automatically. 3. Arrays are zero bases indexed and are bound checked. 4. Overflow of types can be checked. INTEROPERABILITY 1. C# includes native support for the COM and windows based applications. 2. Allowing restricted use of native pointers. 3. Users no longer have to explicitly implement the unknown and other COM interfaces, those features are built in. 4. C# allows the users to use pointers as unsafe code blocks to manipulate your old code. 5. Components from VB NET and other managed code languages and directly be used in C#. SCALABLE AND UPDATEABLE .NET has introduced assemblies, which are self-describing by means of their manifest. Manifest establishes the assembly identity, version, culture and digital signature etc. Assemblies need not to be register anywhere. To scale our application we delete the old files and updating them with new ones. No registering of dynamic linking library. Updating software components is an error prone task. Revisions made to the code can affect the existing program C# support versioning in the language. Native support for interfaces and method overriding enable complex frame works to be developed and evolved over time. Topic No. 2.2

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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Ajax in ASP.NET Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a method of building interactive applications for the Web that process user requests immediately. Ajax combines several programming tools including JavaScript, dynamic HTML (DHTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), cascading style sheets (CSS), the Document Object Model (DOM), and the Microsoft object, XMLHttpRequest. Ajax allows content on Web pages to update immediately when a user performs an action, unlike an HTTP request, during which users must wait for a whole new page to load. For example, a weather forecasting site could display local conditions on one side of the page without delay after a user types in a zip code. Data, content, and design are merged together into a seamless whole. When your customer clicks on something on an Ajax driven application, there is very little lag time. The page simply displays what they're asking for.

Ajax is a way of developing Web applications that combines:    

XHTML and CSS standards based presentation Interaction with the page through the DOM Data interchange with XML and XSLT Asynchronous data retrieval with XMLHttpRequest

Characteristics of Ajax applications include:      

Continuous Feel Real-Time Updates Graphical Interaction Language Neutrality Proprietary Browser Specific

Topic No. 2.2

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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Introduction Microsoft SQL Server 2008

to

The latest version of SQL Server, SQL Server 2008, was released (RTM) on August 6, 2008 and aims to make data management self-tuning, self organizing, and self maintaining with the development of SQL Server Always On technologies, to provide near-zero downtime. SQL Server 2008 also includes support for structured and semi-structured data, including digital media formats for pictures, audio, video and other multimedia data. In current versions, such multimedia data can be stored as BLOBs (binary large objects), but they are generic bit streams. Intrinsic awareness of multimedia data will allow specialized functions to be performed on them. According to Paul Flessner, senior Vice President, Server Applications, Microsoft Corp., SQL Server 2008 can be a data storage backend for different varieties of data: XML, email, time/calendar, file, document, spatial, etc as well as perform search, query, analysis, sharing, and synchronization across all data types. Other new data types include specialized date and time types and a Spatial data type for location-dependent data. Better support for unstructured and semistructured data is provided using the new FILESTREAM data type, which can be used to reference any file stored on the file system. Structured data and metadata about the file is stored in SQL Server database, whereas the unstructured component is stored in the file system. Such files can be accessed both via Win32 file handling APIs as well as via SQL Server using T-SQL; doing the latter accesses the file data as a BLOB. Backing up and restoring the database backs up or restores the referenced files as well. SQL Server 2008 also natively supports hierarchical data, and includes T-SQL constructs to directly deal with them, without using recursive queries.

Topic No. 2.2

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TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED

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SQL Server includes better compression features, which also helps in improving scalability. It enhanced the indexing algorithms and introduced the notion of filtered indexes. It also includes Resource Governor that allows reserving resources for certain users or workflows. It also includes capabilities for transparent encryption of data (TDE) as well as compression of backups. SQL Server 2008 supports theADO.NET Entity Framework and the reporting tools, replication, and data definition will be built around the Entity Data Model. SQL Server Reporting Services will gain charting capabilities from the integration of the data visualization products from Dundas Data Visualization, Inc., which was acquired by Microsoft. On the management side, SQL Server 2008 includes the Declarative Management Framework which allows configuring policies and constraints, on the entire database or certain tables, declaratively. The version of SQL Server Management Studio included with SQL Server 2008 supports IntelliSense for SQL queries against a SQL Server 2008 Database Engine. SQL Server 2008 also makes the databases available via Windows Power Shell providers and management functionality available as Cmdlets, so that the server and all the running instances can be managed from Windows Power Shell.

Topic No. 2.3.1

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Detailed Description TPGC-BCA

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Proposed System Buyer Module • Registration Buyer does the registration process in which all the details regarding the buyer will be stored in the database. After the process his customer id will be generated and he will become the member of the website due to which he will be able to view or buy properties by using his username and password specified during registration process.

• Login Here the buyer performs the login process by using his unique username and password. Along with the verification of username and password is IP Address and machine identification no. will also be stored in the database which will help in tracking the location of the user.

• Search Buyer will be able to search home according to his requirements or else he can also go for advanced search by specifying all the specifications regarding the requirements of the desired home.

Topic No. 2.3.1

PROPOSED SYSTEM

• Browse Home Categories TPGC-BCA

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He can also browse for the type of home he wants. For this purpose he can browse in for the type of home and select the one for which the property listing he wants to view e.g. Wooden houses, Skeleton houses, Bamboo Houses.

• Find Location On Google Map The Buyer can also view the exact location of the house he has browsed by using Google map .This will be possible by getting the longitudes and latitudes accordingly from the seller when he is uploading the property.

• Booking and Payment The buyer can also book the home online by sending a mail to seller as well as do the payment. For payment he will be having the option regarding the mode of payment e.g. cash, cheque, credit/debit card, online bank a\c etc. The Buyer will get a receipt mentioning that the payment is received and the House has been sold to the particular buyer after he does the payment.

Topic No. 2.3.1

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PROPOSED SYSTEM

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Seller Module

• Registration Seller does the registration process in which all the details regarding the buyer will be stored in the database. After the process his customer id will be generated and he will become the member of the website due to which he will be able to view or sell properties by using his username and password specified during registration process.

• Login

Here the seller performs the login process by using his unique username and password. Along with the verification of username and password is IP Address and machine identification no. will also be stored in the database which will help in tracking the location of the user.

• Upload Home Information

Seller can post his property by uploading it on the website. While uploading home information he will have to specify all the details regarding home uploaded along with the pictures of the surrounding, interiors and the exterior of the particular house which will be stored in the database. He will have to specify his contact details so that the buyer can contact him as and when required.

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Topic No. 2.3.1

PROPOSED SYSTEM

• Search Buyer

He can search buyers who have been viewing his property and as if who is interested in buying or not.

• Receive Payment

If the Buyer decides to buy the home uploaded by the seller, the seller will receive the payment according to the payment mode chosen by the buyer and as decided by the buyer and seller.

• Send and Receive Mail

 He will be able to send mail to buyer as well as to the admin. He can send mail to the buyer in order to know whether he is interested in buying his property or not or else in order to decide the payment strategies.  He can send mail to admin in order to perform any updating or to ban any particular buyer from viewing his property.  He will receive mail confirming the receipt of payment as well as the alert regarding the information that his house has been sold. TPGC-BCA

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Topic No. 2.3.1

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Admin Module

• Login

Admin performs the login process so that he can access the details of the buyers and sellers of his website and he will be able to enter only if the username, password, machine identification number and IP address matches.

• Manage Homes

The Admin can manage the homes posted on the site by either updating the details or deleting the sold out homes. He can also delete any fake homes posted on the site with unrealistic details and images.

• Manage Buyer and Seller

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Admin have to manage buyers and sellers in following manner:  He will look after the registration process and the type of registration i.e. buyer or seller  Send email to particular buyer and seller according to requirement as and when any new property is been listed.

Topic No. 2.3.1

PROPOSED SYSTEM

• Manage Payment Information

Admin will have to look after the transactions being performed while buying and selling of homes. He will have to see whether payment has been completed or is there any dues pending. If there are some dues pending he will be sending a mail to the particular user reminding him to do the payment and clear the dues. He will receive an alert whenever any house is sold and payment is received.

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• Ban Buyer or Seller

Admin will be able to ban any particular buyer or seller who is:  Posting fake homes on the site with unrealistic details and images  Using the site for malpractices  Track any buyer’s or seller’s IP address  Admin can track any buyer or seller by the IP address and machine identification number stored during the login process of the particular user.

• Public management

Admin will have to manage the sponsors who want to advertise the banners. He will have to manage the space on the site in order to put the banners of the sponsors as much as possible.

Topic No. 2.3.1

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PROPOSED SYSTEM

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OBJECTIVES TO BE FULFILLED

1) Security can be enforced Providing complete restrictions over the database the administrator ensures different means to access the database by providing various authentication rules so that security of data is maintained. 2) Sharing of data Sharing of data means the existing application can share the data from the database in order to operate certain functions. 3) Redundancy can be reduced All redundancies or duplications created during the existence of data should be eliminated. The database is aware about reducing or avoiding such functions that are existed. 4) Inconsistency can be avoided to some extent If the redundancy of data is not removed but it is controlled then the DBMS guarantees that the database created is not in consistent state. That means any change made to any two entries than it takes either one of them by applying operations on it automatically.

Topic No. 3 TPGC-BCA

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS Real Estate Portal Using Google Map 21-Apr-12

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Requirement Specification System Analysis started soon after determining the system requirements and gaining the depth knowledge of the system. It also considers the purpose regarding the system its inputs and outputs and all other processes involved. Due to unfamiliarity with the subject an initial stage requires depth analysis to develop the system up to the satisfaction of user and management. To accomplish the result following activities are carried out: 1)

Learning the details as well as procedures that are carried out in the system.

2)

Studying the details of the system and reviewing documents from other sources.

3)

Evaluating the effectiveness of the efficiency of the system and are required as per future demand. Studying the subjects in detail to explore each and every aspects of system.

4) Detail investigation was also carried out by i. ii.

iii.

Studying similar process. Actual observation over working activities of similar systems. Studying different documents.

After gathering all such details about the systems of same nature the new features are embedded in the proposed system including both the information system should produce the features such as processing controls and input/output method. Topic No. 3.1 TPGC-BCA

PROJECT DEFINITION Real Estate Portal Using Google Map 21-Apr-12

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Project Definition  Real Estate Portal Using Google Map The Project is “Real Estate Portal Using Google Map”. It is online portal for buyer and seller who want to invest in real estate businesses. There are many advance modules using Google API. User can find exact location on Google Map with different techniques and ways. There would be features like login, registration, searching properties, browsing properties, finding location on Google Map, booking home, payment gateway integration, use of web services, sending mails, managing customers, managing properties and managing payment.

 Objective The advent of the World Wide Web has made it possible to share information on a scale that couldn't be imagined just a few decades ago. The type and amount of information that can be found on the web is virtually unlimited. Even though there is plenty of worthless garbage, there are also vast amounts of useful information that can benefit people from all walks of life.

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Topic No. 3.2

FEASIBILITY STUDY

Feasibility Study Preliminary Investigation of a system examines the feasibility of a system that is useful to an organization .It is the first phase of system development. The main objective of this phase is to identify the current deficiencies in the user’s environment and to determine which existing problems are going to be solved in proposed system and also which new functions needs to be added in proposed system. An important outcome of such preliminary investigation is to determine whether the system which is to be developed is feasible or not. A feasibility study is carried out to select the best system that will meet all needed requirements. Thus, three tests are carried out on the system namely operational, technical and economical. Feasibility Study

Operational Feasibility

Technical Feasibility

Economical Feasibility

(1) OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY: Any project is beneficial if and only it satisfies the organization requirements. For any new system setup, it only needs to be communicated TPGC-BCA

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and work with the other supporting systems. The new system meets all existing operations since it provides right information at a right time to the right user. A Leigh man can easily operate with the system. Topic No. 3.2 FEASIBILITY STUDY

(2) TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY: Technical Feasibility examines whether the technology needed is available and if it is available then it is feasible to carry out all project activities.  The technical needs of a system include:  The facility to produce outputs in a given time.  Ability to process large number of transactions at a particular speed.  Giving responses to users under certain conditions. 

The technologies needed for our system is mainly:  Latest versions of Browsers.  Any Operating System.

These technologies are available which helps to carry out the system efficiently.

(3) Economical Feasibility Economical feasibility of a system examines whether the finance is available for implementing the new system and whether the money spent is recoverable through better user satisfaction. The cost involved is in designing and developing a good investment for organization. Thus hardware requirements used for proposed system are very standard. Moreover by making use of proposed system to carry out the work speedily will increase and also saves the valuable time of an organization. In the TPGC-BCA

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proposed system the finance is highly required for the installations of the software’s which can also be recovered by implementing a better system. Topic No. 3.3

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT MODEL

System Development Model A software development model is a simplified description/abstract representation of a software process which is presented from a particular perspective. A development model for software engineering is chosen based on the nature of the project and application, the methods and tools to be used, and the controls and deliverables that are required. All software development can be characterized as a problem solving loop in which four distinct stages are encountered: • Status quo • Problem definition • Technical development • Solution integration 

Status Quo represents the current state of affairs.



Problem Definition identifies the specific problem to be

solved. 

Technical Development solves the problem through the

application of some technology.

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

Solution Integration delivers the results (e.g. documents,

programs, data, and new product) to those who requested the solution in the first place.

Topic No. 3.3

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT MODEL

There are many software development models. We followed the Spiral software development model.

Figure: Spiral Model What is Spiral Model?

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The spiral model of software development and evolution represents a riskdriven approach to software process analysis and structuring. This approach incorporates elements of specification-driven, prototype-driven process methods, together with the classic software life cycle. It does so by representing iterative development cycles as an expanding spiral, with inner cycles denoting early system analysis and prototyping, and outer cycles denoting the classic software life cycle. Topic No. 3.3

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT MODEL

Every iterative cycle of the Spiral Model consists of the following: Tasks required establishing effective communication between developer and customer. During this phase the objectives, alternatives and constraints are elaborated.



Planning Tasks required defining resources, timelines and other project related information.



Risk analysis Tasks required to assess both technical and management risks.



Engineering Tasks required building one or more representations of the application.



Construction and release Tasks required constructing, testing, installing and providing user support (e.g. documentation and training).  Customer evaluation

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Tasks required obtaining customer feedback based on evaluation of the software representations created during the engineering stage and implemented during the installation stage. Each of these regions itself include several subtasks depending on the scope and complexity of the application under development. The evolutionary process starts from the core of the spiral from the customer communication region and revolves in a clockwise direction as if it was coming out of the spiral. Topic No. 3.3

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT MODEL

Why Spiral Model? Spiral Process Model is considered as one of the most popular systemprocess flow model. The Spiral model contains the repeated execution of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) till the completion of the project. This model is basically used for the giant-projects in which the there are high risk factors. Advantages of Spiral Model  The spiral model is a realistic approach to the development of large-scale software products because the software evolves as the process progresses. In addition, the developer and the client better understand and react to risks at each evolutionary level.  The model uses prototyping as a risk reduction mechanism and allows for the development of prototypes at any stage of the evolutionary development.

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 It maintains a systematic stepwise approach, like the classic life cycle model, but incorporates it into an iterative framework that more reflect the real world.  If employed correctly, this model should reduce risks before they become problematic, as consideration of technical risks are considered at all stages.

Topic No. 3.3

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT MODEL

In brief, it  Focuses attention on reuse options.  Focuses attention on early error elimination.  Puts quality objectives up front.  Integrates development and maintenance. 

Provides a framework for hardware/software development.

Disadvantages of Spiral Model  Contractual development often specifies process model and deliverables in advance.  Requires risk assessment expertise. TPGC-BCA

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Topic No. 4

RISK ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT

Risk Analysis And Management  RISK ASSESSMENT: Risk assessment is an activity that must be under taken during project planning. This involves identifying the risks & analyzing them. The major planning activity in risk management is assessment and consequent planning for risk control. In addition, identifying a risk on the early basis can provide a lot of time to the management in order to handle the risks efficiently & effectively. The software risk can be broadly divided into three categories, they are  Cost Risk  Performance Risk  Schedule Risk TPGC-BCA

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Cost risk is the degree of uncertainty associated with budget and outlay for the project and its impact on the project. Performance risk is the possibility that the system will be unable to deliver all or some of the anticipated benefits or will not perform according to the requirements. Schedule risk is a degree of uncertainty associated with a project schedule or ability of the project to achieve the specified milestones.

Topic No. 4

RISK ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT

 RISK CONTROL: Risk control comprises active measures that are taken by project management to minimize the impact to the risk. It starts with risk management planning. Plans are developed for each identified risk that needs to be controlled. The various ways to specify how to deal with a risk are: •

Risk Avoidance:

It entails taking actions that will avoid the risk all together. •

Risk Reduction:

If the risk can’t be avoided, perhaps the probability of risk materializing can be reduced. •

Risk Resolution:

The actual elimination or reduction is done in this step.

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The prototyping is done in risk resolution step and necessary information is to be obtained to reduce the risk. •

Risk Monitoring:

It is activity of monitoring the status of various risk and their control activities. While monitoring the risk, reassessments might need to be performed if real situation differs subsequently from the situation predicted earlier based on assessment and planning.

Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow Diagram Definition Data Flow is a network diagram illustrating a computerized system, manual or a combination of both, and representation in the form of a set of structured system components that are interconnected in accordance with the rules play. Advantage of DFD is possible to describe the system from the highest level and then them into a lower level (decomposition), whereas the lack of the DFD does not indicate the process is looping, decision-making process and the process of calculation.

Data Flow Diagram Symbols TPGC-BCA

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•

External Entity

This symbol is used to describe the origin and destination data. External Entity can be a person, group of people, organizations, departments in the organization, or the same company, but in system beyond the current model is made. External Entity may also include departments, divisions or outside the systems that communicate with the system that is currently being developed.

Topic No. 5.1

•

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow

This symbol is used to describe the flow of data that are running. Data flow direction is indicated with arrows and lines give the name on the flow of data flow. Data flow between the process flow, data storage and data flow indicates that the form of data input to the system. Guidelines of the name: (1) Name of the data flow that consists of some words associated with the flow line speed. (2) Name of the data flow that consists of some words associated with the flow line speed. (3) Data flow that consists of several elements can be expressed with the group elements. (4) Avoid using the word ‘data’ and ‘information’ to give a name to the data flow. (5) The extent possible the complete data flow is written.

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Terms of others in making the symbols are: (1) Name of the data flow into a process may not be the same as the name of the data flow out of the process. (2) There can be no data flow from the terminal to the data storage, or vice versa because the terminal is not part of the system, the relationship with the terminal data storage must be through the process. (3) Data flow into or out of data storage does not need to be given a name if: a) Data flow simple and easily understood. b) Data flow describing the entire data item.

Topic No. 5.1

•

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Process

This symbol is also called the bubble, used for processing or data transformation. Guidelines of the process: (1) Name of the process consists of a verb and noun, which reflects the function of the process. (2) Do not use the process as part of the name of a bubble. (3) There may be some process that has the same name. (4) The process must be given a number. Order number wherever possible to follow the flow of the process or sequence, but the sequence number does not mean that the absolute is a process in chronological order. There are four possibilities that can occur in the process in relation with the input and output:

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•

Data Store

This symbol is used to describe the data flow is saved or archived. Data store is usually associated with the storages, such as file or database associated with the storage computerization, such as a diskette file, files, hard disk, magnetic tape files. Data store is also related to the storage manually, such as books address, file folder, and agenda. A data store associated with the data flow only on the components process, not with the other components DFD. Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

The steps in creating the data flow diagram is divided into three stages or levels of DFD construction are as follows: •

Context Diagram This diagram is created to describe the source and destination data will be processed or in other words the diagram is used to describe the system in general / global system of the entire existing. In this diagram there is no storage. Consists of a process and describe the scope of a system. Consists of a process and describe the scope of a system.

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•

Zero Diagram This diagram is created to describe the stages of the process in the context diagram, a more detailed penjabarannya. On this system there may be data storage.

•

Detailed Diagram This diagram is created to describe the data flow in more play more phases of the process in the diagram is zero. In a level should be, there are only 7 to 9 processes. Numbering level in the DFD: Name Level 0 1 2 3

Name Diagram Context Diagram 0 Diagram 1.0 Diagram 1.1

Topic No. 5.1

Processes 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, . . . 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, . . . 1.1.1, 1.1.2, . . .

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Context Flow Diagram

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Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow Diagram (Zero Level)

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Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow Diagram (First Level) Customer TPGC-BCA

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Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow Diagram (Third and Fifth Level) TPGC-BCA

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Customer

Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow Diagram (First Level) TPGC-BCA

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Admin

Topic No. 5.1

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data Flow Diagram (Second Level) TPGC-BCA

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Admin

Topic No. 5.2

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Entity Relationship Diagram TPGC-BCA

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For database application, the entity relationship approach can be used effectively for modeling some parts of the problem. The ER modeling approach is used to help design information system. The main focus is of ER modeling is the data items in the system and the relationship between them. It aims to create a conceptual schema for the data from the user’s perspective. The model thus created is a high level data model that is independent of any database model. The schema can later be used during the development of the database. The ER models are frequently represented as ER diagrams and use the 3 major abstractions to describe data. 

Entities: Entities are distinguishable objects that can be represented in the database. It is a building block of database. An entity instance is a specific that represents an entity.



Relationship: It is an association among several entities .It establishes a connection between a pair of logically related entities. Separate entities can have relationship with each other.



Attributes: They are the properties of the entities that differentiate it from other entities and provide information about an entity.

Topic No. 5.2

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

The mapping cardinalities among the entities are as follows: TPGC-BCA

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

One to One: An entity is associated with at most one entity and vice-versa.



One to Many: An entity in A is associated with any number of entities in b, but b can be associated with at most one entity in A.



Many to Many: An entity is associated with any number of entities and viseversa. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent three different types of

information.  Boxes are commonly used to represent entities.  Diamonds are normally used to represent relationships.  Ovals are used to represent attributes.  Lines linking attribute to entity sets and entity sets to relationship sets.

Topic No. 5.2

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Entity Relationship Diagram TPGC-BCA

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Customer

Topic No. 5.2

ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Entity Relationship Diagram TPGC-BCA

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Admin

Topic No. 5.3

TPGC-BCA

DATA DICTIONARY

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Data Dictionary It is a record of metadata about an actual data. It may be manually defined with the elements of system, processes and storage of data. It provides additional information about the system. The data dictionary is developed during system analysis phase which involves different system requirements. If the system analyst wants to know how many characters are represented in a data item, by which different names it is referenced in the system is properly managed by developing data dictionary. These elements of data are organized in a well structured manner to meet user request and organization needs. It is a common source of definitions for the users and investigations. Data dictionaries are an integral component of structured analysis as they fully describe the project activities. It also manages the details in a large system.

Why is Data Dictionary Important? Analysts use data dictionaries for five important reasons…  To manage the details in the large systems  To communicate a common meaning for all system elements  To document the features of the system  To facilitate analysis of the details in order to evaluate characteristics and determine where system changes should be made.  To locate errors and omissions in the system Data Dictionaries are an integral component of structured analysis, since data flow diagrams by themselves do not fully describe the subject of the investigation. The data dictionary provides additional information about the system. Topic No. 5.3

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DATA DICTIONARY

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Table Name: Customer Primary Key: C_id Description: It stores the information of the customer (buyer or seller).

Field Name c_id user_cat user_type f_name l_name nmail_id username password country state city mobile1 mobile2 price_min

Data type int nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) numeric(18,0) numeric(18,0) numeric(18,0)

price_max

numeric(18,0)

country_code city_code phone_no

numeric(18, 0) numeric(18, 0) numeric(10, 0)

Description Primary Key Stores the category of the user Stores the type of user Stores the first name of the user Stores the last name of the user Stores the email id of the user Stores the username of the user Stores the password of the user Stores the country of the user Stores the state of the user Stores the city of the user Stores the mobile no. of the user Stores the mobile no. of the user Stores the minimum price range of the required property Stores the maximum price range of the required property Stores the country code Stores the city code Stores the pone no

Topic No. 5.3

DATA DICTIONARY

Table Name: Properties TPGC-BCA

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Primary Key: Prop_id Description: It stores the information of the respective property. Field Name Prop_id C_id Cat_id Title Price Country

Data type int int int nvarchar(MAX) numeric(18, 2) nvarchar(MAX)

State City Rooms Beds Furnished Longitude Latitude Area Type Image Thumbnail1 Thumbnail2 Thumbnail3 Thumbnail4 Small_desc Description Date1

nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) numeric(18,0) numeric(18,0) nvarchar(MAX) decimal(18, 7) decimal(18, 7) numeric(18, 0) nvarchar(50) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX)

Topic No. 5.3

Description Primary Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Stores the title of the property Stores the price of the property Stores the country in which property is located Stores the state in which property is located Stores the city in which property is located Stores the no of rooms of the property Stores the no of beds rooms of the property Stores the if property is furnished or not Stores the Longitude of the property Stores the Latitude of the property Stores the area of the property in sq. feet Stores the type of the property Stores the outer image of the property Stores the interior of the property Stores the interior of the property Stores the interior of the property Stores the interior of the property Stores the small description of the property Stores the description of the property Stores the current date of when the property was uploaded DATA DICTIONARY

Table Name: Admin Primary Key: Ad_id Description: It stores the information of Admin. Field Name Ad_id TPGC-BCA

Data type int

Description Primary Key

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Username Password Phone Email_id

nvarchar(50) nvarchar(50) numeric(18, 0) nvarchar(50)

Stores the username of the Admin Stores the password of the Admin Stores the phone number of the Admin Stores the email_id of the Admin

Table Name: Home_categories Primary Key: Cat_id Description: It stores the information of Home Categories. Field Name Cat_id Cat_name

Data type int nvarchar(50)

Description Primary Key Stores the name of the Category

Topic No. 5.3

DATA DICTIONARY

Table Name: Payment Primary Key: P_id Description: It stores the information of Payment. Field Name TPGC-BCA

Data type

Description

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P_id Prop_id C_id Price Buy_date

int int int numeric(18, 0) date

Primary Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Stores the price of the property sold Stores the date when the property was sold Buy_time time(7) Stores the time when the property was sold Payment_Status nvarchar(MAX) Stores the payment status of the property

Table Name: Countries Primary Key: Country_id Description: It stores the information of Countries. Field Name Data type Description Country_id int Primary Key Country_name nvarchar(MAX) Stores the name of the Country

Topic No. 5.3

DATA DICTIONARY

Table Name: States Primary Key: State_id Description: It stores the information of States. Field Name State_id TPGC-BCA

Data type int

Description Primary Key

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State_name

nvarchar(MAX) Stores the name of the State

Table Name: Cities Primary Key: City_id Description: It stores the information of Cities. Field Name City_id City_name

Data type Description int Primary Key nvarchar(MAX) Stores the name of the City

Table Name: Email Primary Key: Em_id Description: It stores the information of Emails. Field Name Em_id Sender Receiver Subject Body Em_date

Data type int nvarchar(50) nvarchar(50) nvarchar(MAX) nvarchar(MAX) datetime

Topic No. 5.4

Description Primary Key Stores the name of the Sender Stores the name of the Receiver Stores the subject of the email Stores the body of the email Stores the date and time of the email when it was sent RECORD LAYOUT

Record Layout Table Name: Customer Description: It stores customer details. Primary Key: C_id

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Topic No. 5.4

RECORD LAYOUT

Table Name: Properties Description: It stores Property details. Primary Key: Prop_id

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Table Name: Home Categories Description: It stores Home categories. Primary Key: Cat_id

Topic No. 5.4

RECORD LAYOUT

Table Name: Payment Description: It stores payment details. Primary Key: P_id

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Table Name: Email Description: It stores email details. Primary Key: Em_id

Table Name: Admin Description: It stores admin details. Primary Key: Ad_id

Topic No. 5.4

RECORD LAYOUT

Table Name: Countries Description: It stores the countries along with the country_id and country_name. Primary Key: Country_id

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Topic No. 5.4

RECORD LAYOUT

Table Name: States Description: It stores the states along with the country_id,state_id and state_name. Primary Key: State_id

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Topic No. 5.4

RECORD LAYOUT

Table Name: Cities Description: It stores the cities along with the state_id and city_id TPGC-BCA

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Primary Key: City_id

Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Screenshots Home Page TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the latest offers in which the property uploaded in the last seven days on the website. Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Registration

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Description: This page allows the user to get registered to the website. Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Login TPGC-BCA

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Description: This is the login page through which the user can get logged in to the site. Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Login (Forgot Password) TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the page wherein the user enters his email id while he opts for forgot password . Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Login (Forgot Password) TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the details regarding the mail sent to the admin while the user opts for forgot password.

Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Find Properties TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the results of the search performed by the user according to the requirements specified during the search. Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Description Of Properties TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the description of the property browsed by the user logged in.

Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

View Location Of Property In Google Map TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the page displaying Google Map which shows the exact location of the property with title and photo of the property. Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

PayPal Login TPGC-BCA

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Description: It displays the Login page for the buyer along with the property details.

Topic No. 6.1

TPGC-BCA

SCREEN SHOTS

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PayPal Review Payment

Description: It displays the page reviewing the payment details.

Topic No. 6.1

TPGC-BCA

SCREEN SHOTS

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PayPal Thank You for Payment

Description: It displays the page confirming the payment transaction.

Topic No. 6.1

TPGC-BCA

SCREEN SHOTS

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Success

Description: It displays the success page when the payment transaction has been completed .

Topic No. 6.1

TPGC-BCA

SCREEN SHOTS

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Cancel

Description: It displays the cancel page when the transaction has been aborted by buyer during the payment process.

Topic No. 6.1

TPGC-BCA

SCREEN SHOTS

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Upload Properties

Description: It allows the seller to upload the property on the website by giving all the details regarding the property. Topic No. 6.1 SCREEN SHOTS

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Update Property For Seller

Description: It displays the description of the property uploaded by the seller.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Update Properties

Description: It allows the seller to update the property uploaded by him.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Customers

Description: It displays the list of customers registered on the website.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Contact

Description: It allows the customer to contact the admin as and when required.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

About Us

Description: This page gives the information of the website to the customers or visitors visiting our website.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

FAQ

Description: This page shows the Frequently Asked Questions By the Customers or visitors visiting the website.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Admin Login

Description: It allows the admin to Login to the website. It will match the login details and navigate the admin to the Home Page.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Admin Home

Description: This page displays Home Page of the Admin Side. Banners of the Sponsors will be displayed on this page.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Manage Customers

Description: It allows the admin manage customers registered on the website. He can edit or delete the details of the customers from the above page.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Manage Properties

Description: It allows the admin manage properties being uploaded on the website. He can edit or delete the details of the properties from the above page.

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Topic No. 6.1

SCREEN SHOTS

Manage Payment

Description: It allows the admin manage payment details regarding the transaction being carried out on the website. He can edit or delete the details from the above page.

Topic No. 6.1 TPGC-BCA

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Add States

Description: It allows the admin to add states according to the countries mentioned in the drop down list.

Topic No. 6.1 TPGC-BCA

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Add Cities

Description: It allows the admin to add cities according to the states mentioned in the drop down list.

Topic No. 6.1 TPGC-BCA

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News Letter

Description: This page gives the news letter which is managed by admin and which will be sent to the respective customer who has subscribed it.

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Topic No. 7

TESTING OF SYSTEM

Testing Of System Testing of a system is done for proper execution as it acts as a most important phase in project development. It is been said that 40% of project development time should be spent on testing of system. When a system is developed it is hoped that the performance given should be excellent. The main objectives of system testing are:  To ensure that during operation the system will perform as per specification.  To make sure that the system meets user’s requirements during the operation.  To verify that the controls incorporated in the system function as intended.  To see that when correct inputs are fed to the system the outputs are correct. To make sure that during operation, incorrect input, processing and outputs will be detected. 

• Program tests are basically designed to test the logic of a program. The most common errors occurs in a program is listed during the boundary points. This type of testing is complicated but practically it allows you to test a program by selecting different paths. • The purpose of string test is to ensure that the data entered is correctly transferred from one process to another.

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Topic No. 7.2

TESTING STRATEGIES

Testing Strategies Black box testing should make use of randomly generated inputs (only a test range should be specified by the tester), to eliminate any guess work by the tester as to the methods of the function.  Data outside of the specified input range should be tested to check the

robustness of the program.  Boundary cases should be tested (top and bottom of specified range) to make sure the highest and lowest allowable inputs produce proper output.  The number zero should be tested when numerical data is to be input.  Stress testing should be performed (try to overload the program with inputs to see where it reaches its maximum capacity), especially with real time systems.  Test monitoring tools should be used whenever possible to track which tests have already been performed and the outputs of these tests to avoid repetition and to aid in the software maintenance.  Other functional testing techniques include: transaction testing, syntax testing, domain testing, logic testing, and state testing.  Finite state machine models can be used as a guide to design functional tests.

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Topic No. 7.3

SOFTWARE TESTING TECHNIQUES

Software Testing Techniques Black

Box Technique

It takes an external perspective of the test object to derive test cases. These tests can be functional or non-functional, though usually functional. The test designer selects valid and invalid input and determines the correct output. There is no knowledge of the test object's internal structure. Black Box Testing is testing without knowledge of the internal workings of the item being tested. For example, when black box testing is applied to software engineering, the tester would only know the "legal" inputs and what the expected outputs should be, but not how the program actually arrives at those outputs. It is because of this that black box testing can be considered testing with respect to the specifications, no other knowledge of the program is necessary. For this reason, the tester and the programmer can be independent of one another, avoiding programmer bias toward his own work. Due to the nature of black box testing, the test planning can begin as soon as the specifications are written. This method of test design is applicable to all levels of software testing: unit, integration, functional testing, system and acceptance.

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Topic No. 7.3



SOFTWARE TESTING TECHNIQUES

White Box Technique The opposite of black box testing would be glass box testing, where test data are derived from direct examination of the code to be tested. For glass box testing, the test cases cannot be determined until the code has actually been written. Both of these testing techniques have advantages and disadvantages, but when combined, they help to ensure thorough testing of the product. Software testing approaches that examine the program structure and derive test data from the program logic. Structural testing is sometimes referred to as clear-box testing since white boxes are considered opaque and do not really permit visibility into the code.  Unit Testing Unit testing is the process of test verification on the smallest unit of software design-software module. It is used to uncover errors within the boundary of the module.  Integrating Techniques The Integration Testing is associated with Unit testing. Here the modules of unit testing are put together and checked weather they work properly, when they are integrated, or not. It contains different strategies for same. They are as follows. We performed Integrating Testing by merging all the Modules and Testing as whole Application. We used one Test Case for flow of whole Application, and remove the Errors.



Validation Testing In integration testing, the software is assembled as a package. Validation Testing is completely associated with requirement satisfaction of customers. This testing checks weather all functional requirements of customer are satisfied or not. According to this test, the project is tested and found to be satisfactory for functional characteristics, behavioral characteristics and performance requirement. It is also found to have good documentation up to the last stage. So, the performance characteristics conform to specification and are accepted. TPGC-BCA

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Topic No. 10

CONCLUSION

Conclusion We have taken enough care to make our project more user-friendly and interactive. We hope that the system should be useful to all the users. Looking back towards the experiences that we have achieved during such phase makes us remember the curve that is seen through which we went during the development of our project.

Now when such system stands completed we place ourselves at a much higher place in the field of knowledge. As this is the first real-time project for us. We have given our best for its development. As it is the first system undertaken by us it may contain some mistakes but we as the developers of this system have done our best to provide an error free system to our users and hope the success of our system “Real Estate Portal Using Google Map”.

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Topic No. 11

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bibliography Reference Books: Beginning Asp.net 4.0 with C#

By: Imar Spaanjaars

C# Language Specification Professional C# 4.0 and .NET 4

By: Bill Evjen, Karli Watson, Christian Nagel, and Morgan Skinner

Reference Sites: www.w3schools.com www.ListOfCountries.net www.asp.net www.freecsstemplates.com en.googlemaps.subgurim.net www.developer.paypal.com www.fvicon.cc

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