October 24, 2024 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
User Guide
EasyPower
Power System Analysis Software
Revision 9.5 Copyright © 2013 EasyPower LLC
EasyPower User's Manual Version 9.5
EasyPower is a proprietary computer program of EasyPower LLC. Copyright © 1991-2012 EasyPowerLLC. All rights reserved. This manual is provided to EasyPower LLC customers exclusively for their use in the operation of EasyPower, as discussed in the EasyPower License Agreement. Any other use or copying without written permission from EasyPower is strictly prohibited. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. EasyPower LLC assumes no liability for omissions or any errors that may appear in this document. EasyPower, Integrated Action Graphics (IAG), Integrated Performance Views (IPV), SmartGrid, SmartDuty, and SmartBreaker are trademarks of EasyPower LLC. AutoCAD is a trademark of Autodesk Inc. Microsoft Windows and SmartDrive are trademarks of Microsoft Inc., PKZIP is a trademark of PKWARE, Inc. Other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
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Contents
Contents Introduction to EasyPower .................................................................................. 22 What is EasyPower? ..............................................................................................22 EasyPower Documentation Purpose ......................................................................22 Documentation Conventions ..................................................................................23 System Requirements.............................................................................................25 The following are the recommended hardware requirements for EasyPower: ......25 Installing EasyPower .............................................................................................26 Beginning An EasyPower Session .........................................................................26 The First Time You Run EasyPower ...............................................................26 Using Authorization Codes ....................................................................................27 PC Optimization for EasyPower ...........................................................................27 Memory ............................................................................................................27 Large, High-resolution Monitors .....................................................................28 High-speed Graphics Support ..........................................................................28 Uninstalling EasyPower .........................................................................................29 Checking for Updates ............................................................................................29 Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line ........................................................ 32
Overview ................................................................................................................32 The Session Window .............................................................................................32 Ribbons ............................................................................................................33 Quick Access Toolbar ......................................................................................33 Menu bar ..........................................................................................................34 Toolbar .............................................................................................................34 Right Mouse Context Menus ...........................................................................35 Status Bar .........................................................................................................35 Equipment Palette ............................................................................................36 EasyPower Focus ...................................................................................................36 Database Edit Focus.........................................................................................37 Analysis Focus .................................................................................................37 Choosing a Focus .............................................................................................37 Preparing to Start Your One-line ...........................................................................38 Turn Grid Display On/Off ...............................................................................38 Place Buses on the One-line ..................................................................................40 Adjust Bus Sizes and Locations.......................................................................41 Enter Bus kV Data ...........................................................................................41 Add Equipment to the One-line .............................................................................43 Add Transformer ..............................................................................................43
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Add Cables .......................................................................................................44 Add Motors ......................................................................................................45 Add Utility .......................................................................................................46 Add Feeder Breakers........................................................................................47 Add Tie Breaker...............................................................................................48 Save Your Work ....................................................................................................50 Enter Equipment Data ............................................................................................50 Enter Motor Data .............................................................................................51 Enter Cable Data ..............................................................................................52 Enter Transformer Data ...................................................................................53 Enter Utility Data .............................................................................................54 Turn Grid Display Off .....................................................................................54 View Entire One-line .......................................................................................55 Run a Power Flow Analysis...................................................................................56 Enter Power Flow Focus ..................................................................................56 Solve Base Case Power Flow ..........................................................................57 Adjust One-line For Results Readability .........................................................57 Interpret Results ...............................................................................................58 Run a Short Circuit Analysis .................................................................................59 Enter Short Circuit Focus and Fault a Bus.......................................................59 Adjust One-line For Results Readability .........................................................60 Interpret Results ...............................................................................................61 Look at a Remote Voltage and Current ...........................................................61 Look at Interrupting Results ............................................................................62 What Now? ............................................................................................................64 Open the "BIGGER" Sample One-line ............................................................64 Try Your Own Power System ..........................................................................64 Chapter 2
Making One-line Diagrams ............................................................... 66
Starting a New One-line.........................................................................................66 Save and Save As .............................................................................................66 Open and Close ................................................................................................66 Equipment Palette Button Meanings ...............................................................67 Standard Toolbar..............................................................................................67 Database Edit Status Bar..................................................................................67 Setting File Properties ............................................................................................68 Password Access ..............................................................................................69 Zooming In and Out ...............................................................................................70 Using Mouse Spin wheel to Zoom In and Out ................................................70 Zoom Slider bar ...............................................................................................70 Customizing the Toolbar.................................................................................70 Choosing a Specific Zoom Factor....................................................................71 Seeing Your Entire One-line ............................................................................71 Zooming In on a Portion of the System ...........................................................72 Zooming In and Out 1.5x .................................................................................72 Getting Back to the Previous Zoom Scale .......................................................72
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Moving Around On the One-line ...........................................................................72 Alternative Methods of Scrolling.....................................................................73 The Snap Grid ........................................................................................................73 SmartGrid™ .....................................................................................................74 Turning the Grid On and Off ...........................................................................75 Turning Snap to Grid On/Off ...........................................................................75 Adding Items to the One-line .................................................................................75 Buses ................................................................................................................76 Setting Bus kV .................................................................................................76 Changing Bus Area and Zone ..........................................................................77 Equipment With One Connection ....................................................................77 Equipment With Two or Three Connections ...................................................78 Lines Between Buses .......................................................................................79 Feeder Breakers and Switches .........................................................................80 Bus Tie Breakers and Switches........................................................................81 Connecting an MCC to an MCC......................................................................82 Auto-Insertion of Buses ...................................................................................83 Notes ................................................................................................................84 Setting Default Equipment Values.........................................................................84 Item Selection ........................................................................................................85 Selecting With the Mouse ................................................................................85 Deselecting an Item from a Group ...................................................................85 Selecting By an Item's ID Name ......................................................................85 Query................................................................................................................86 Getting an Item's Database Dialog Box ...........................................................88 Copying an Item's Database Information.........................................................88 Entering Item Data Using Tables ...........................................................................89 Database Dialog Toolbar .................................................................................89 Moving Around in the Table............................................................................89 Resetting Changes Made to the Current Item ..................................................90 Deleting an Item Using Its Database Dialog Box ............................................90 Adding a New Item ..........................................................................................90 Duplicating the Current Item ...........................................................................90 Copying Another Item's Database Information ...............................................91 Connecting an Item Using Its Database Dialog Box .......................................91 Activating/Deactivating an Item Using Its Database Dialog Box ...................91 Notes (Free Text) on One-line ...............................................................................91 Adding a Note ..................................................................................................91 Editing the Contents of a Note .........................................................................92 Dragging and Resizing a Note .........................................................................92 Deleting a Note ................................................................................................93 Adding a Note With a Leader ..........................................................................93 Changing Note Properties ................................................................................93 Selecting Many Notes At Once........................................................................94 Text Size and TrueType ...................................................................................94 Note Properties.......................................................................................................96
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Text Settings ....................................................................................................96 Leader Properties .............................................................................................97 Note Fonts ........................................................................................................99 Inserting Box in One-line...............................................................................100 Inserting Picture in One-line ..........................................................................101 Moving and Copying Groups of Items ................................................................101 Group Move ...................................................................................................101 Group Copy....................................................................................................102 Copying Subsystems ......................................................................................102 Grouping One-line Items .....................................................................................103 Ways to Change ID Names ..................................................................................104 Change ID Name............................................................................................104 Database Report (Browser) ..................................................................................106 Viewing the Browser/Report .........................................................................106 Browser Search Engine ..................................................................................107 Copying the Spreadsheet Data .......................................................................108 Modifying the Database using the Browser ...................................................109 Database Report Configurations ....................................................................109 Other Functions with Database Reports ........................................................111 Global Motor and Load Editing ...........................................................................111 Global Scaling Factor Changing ....................................................................113 Steps to Global Changing ..............................................................................113 Schedules .............................................................................................................114 Merge Data with Excel File ...........................................................................115 Printing Schedules .........................................................................................116 Showing SC kA and Arc Flash Hazard in Panel Schedules ..........................117 Export Schedules ...........................................................................................118 Schedule Templates .......................................................................................118 Drawings ..............................................................................................................129 Creating a New Drawing ...............................................................................130 Editing Drawing .............................................................................................130 EasyControl Commands ................................................................................131 Drawing Properties ........................................................................................132 Drawing Defaults ...........................................................................................135 Drawing Title Block Template ............................................................................137 Prerequisites ...................................................................................................137 Title Block File Format ..................................................................................138 Coordinates ....................................................................................................139 Hex Colors .....................................................................................................146 Variables that can be used in the sub-tag of a tag. .............146 Sample Title Block Features and Instructions ...............................................147 Named Views .......................................................................................................148 EasyControl Commands ................................................................................149 Inserting LV Switchgear ......................................................................................150 Elevation View.....................................................................................................151 MCC Elevation ..............................................................................................151
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Switchgear Elevation .....................................................................................153 Panelboard Elevation .....................................................................................155 Printing Elevations .........................................................................................157 Chapter 3
Analysis Overview .......................................................................... 160
Preparing for Analysis .........................................................................................160 Full Connectivity ...........................................................................................160 Required Database Fields ..............................................................................160 Recalculating Per-unit Data ...........................................................................160 Editing Allowed During Analysis........................................................................160 Editing the One-line Appearance ...................................................................160 Opening and Closing Breakers or Switches...................................................161 Editing Item Data ...........................................................................................162 Viewing Item Database Data ...............................................................................163 Controlling the Analysis ......................................................................................164 The "Analysis Options Control" Dialog Box.................................................164 Excluding Items From Analysis.....................................................................164 Starting the Analysis ............................................................................................164 Analysis Results ...................................................................................................165 Results on the One-line ..................................................................................165 One-line Unit Settings....................................................................................165 Text Results ...................................................................................................165 Window Manipulation ...................................................................................166 Clearing Results From Text and One-line Windows .....................................167 Saving Text Reports as htm files ...................................................................167 Exporting Text Report to Word/Excel ...........................................................167 Chapter 4
Short Circuit Procedures and Reference - ANSI .............................. 170
Overview ..............................................................................................................170 Setting Short Circuit Method ...............................................................................170 Short Circuit Ribbon ......................................................................................171 Short Circuit Status Bar .................................................................................172 Faulting a Bus ................................................................................................172 Viewing Remote Voltages and Currents........................................................173 Changing the ANSI Standard Time Interval ..................................................175 SmartDuty™ ........................................................................................................175 Voltage Sensitivity Studies ..................................................................................177 Line End Fault......................................................................................................177 Line End Fault Procedure ..............................................................................177 Short Circuit Options ...........................................................................................178 Short Circuit Control......................................................................................178 Short Circuit One-line Output........................................................................180 Short Circuit Text Output ..............................................................................183 Arc-Flash Hazards Analysis ................................................................................187 Calculation and Theory ........................................................................................187 ANSI Standard Short Circuit Calculations ....................................................187
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Methodology ..................................................................................................188 Proper Application of ANSI Standards..........................................................189 DC Short Circuit ..................................................................................................190 Thyristor Short Circuit Modeling Limitations ...............................................190 DC Bus Fault..................................................................................................190 AC Output Bus Fault .....................................................................................191 Chapter 5
Power Flow Analysis....................................................................... 194
Overview ..............................................................................................................194 Power Flow Commands .................................................................................195 Power Flow Status Bar...................................................................................195 Solving A Power Flow ...................................................................................196 Changing Equipment Parameters ...................................................................196 Impact Motor Starting ..........................................................................................197 Example of Impact Motor Starting ................................................................198 Motor Starting with Starting Capacitors ........................................................199 Swing Sources......................................................................................................200 Power Flow Options ............................................................................................201 Power Flow Control .......................................................................................201 Power Flow One-line Output ...............................................................................204 Power Flow Text Output......................................................................................206 Temporary Dialog Boxes .....................................................................................207 Temporary Generator Data ............................................................................208 Temporary Utility Data ..................................................................................209 Temporary Filter Data....................................................................................210 Temporary Two-Winding Transformer Data.................................................210 Temporary Three-Winding Transformer Data...............................................211 Temporary Motor Control Center Data .........................................................212 Temporary Panel Schedule Data ....................................................................214 Temporary Motor Data ..................................................................................215 Temporary Load Data ....................................................................................216 Temporary Capacitor Data .............................................................................217 Temporary Shunt Data ...................................................................................218 Considerations for Multiple Generators on a Bus................................................218 Watt & Var Sharing .......................................................................................219 Generator Switching ......................................................................................219 Considerations for Opening and Closing Breakers..............................................219 Troubleshooting Power Flows That Fail to Solve ...............................................220 Calculation and Theory ........................................................................................221 Impact Motor Starting ....................................................................................222 Chapter 6
Scenario Manager ......................................................................... 224
Overview ..............................................................................................................224 Scenario Manager Commands .......................................................................224 Scenario Manager Functionality ..........................................................................225 Scenario Interface (example) .........................................................................226
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Opening a New Scenario .....................................................................................226 Opening an Existing Scenario........................................................................227 Storing Scenarios ...........................................................................................229 Deleting Scenarios .........................................................................................229 File Save versus Store Scenario ...........................................................................230 Analysis Changes in Scenarios ............................................................................231 Scenario Colors ..............................................................................................231 Scenario Comparison Report ...............................................................................232 Creating Scenario Comparison Report ..........................................................233 Working with the Scenario Comparison Report ............................................234 Adding Results Group....................................................................................240 Adding Scenario Group .................................................................................243 Chapter 7
EasyPower Device Library ............................................................. 246
Creating New .......................................................................................................246 New Manufacturer and Type .........................................................................246 New Style .......................................................................................................247 Field Edit Dialog Box ....................................................................................248 New Library ...................................................................................................248 Time-Current Characteristics (TCC) Data ...........................................................250 Time-Current Points.......................................................................................250 Time-current Points of Multi-Segment TCC .................................................253 TCC Based on Formulas ................................................................................254 Adjustable Range for Settings .......................................................................255 Trip Devices .........................................................................................................256 Relays.............................................................................................................256 Molded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCB) ........................................................257 Solid State Trips.............................................................................................258 Non-Solid State Trips ....................................................................................258 High Voltage Fuses ........................................................................................259 Low Voltage Fuses ........................................................................................260 Motor Overload Relays ..................................................................................261 Customizing .........................................................................................................261 Selecting.........................................................................................................262 Cut, Copy, and Paste ......................................................................................263 Inserting Rows and Columns .........................................................................265 Moving Rows and Columns...........................................................................265 Undo and Redo ..............................................................................................266 Chapter 8
Printing and Plotting ...................................................................... 268
Properties .............................................................................................................268 Page Setup......................................................................................................269 Print Preview..................................................................................................270 Printing to a File.............................................................................................271 Printing to Acrobat Distiller...........................................................................271 Printing a One-Line..............................................................................................272
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Title Block ...........................................................................................................273 Configuring Title Block .................................................................................274 One-line Title Block Template Format ................................................................276 Title Block File Format ..................................................................................276 Settings...........................................................................................................277 Rectangles ......................................................................................................278 Lines...............................................................................................................278 Text ................................................................................................................279 Image..............................................................................................................281 Printing Text Reports ...........................................................................................282 Free-format Reports .......................................................................................283 Printing MCCs and Panel Schedules ...................................................................283 Printing Arc Flash Hazard Labels ........................................................................284 Chapter 9
Working With EasyPower Files ...................................................... 286
Overview ..............................................................................................................286 Database Files ......................................................................................................286 Compressing Database Files ................................................................................286 Temporary Files ...................................................................................................287 Temporary Files .............................................................................................287 Chapter 10
Customizing EasyPower ............................................................... 290
Options .................................................................................................................290 General ...........................................................................................................290 Clipboard........................................................................................................295 Text Visibility ................................................................................................297 Colors .............................................................................................................298 Changing Grid Parameters .............................................................................302 Text Fonts, Styles, and Sizes .........................................................................303 Setting System Info ........................................................................................304 Equipment ......................................................................................................306 File Locations.................................................................................................307 Viewing Toolbars.................................................................................................308 Customizing Toolbars ..........................................................................................309 Toolbar Options .............................................................................................311 Report Options .....................................................................................................311 Subsystems ...........................................................................................................313 Creating New Subsystem Template ...............................................................313 Setting File Properties of Subsystem Templates ...........................................314 Inserting Subsystem .......................................................................................314 Customizing Subsystems Toolbar..................................................................317 Chapter 11
Using EasyPower With Other Programs ....................................... 321
Overview ..............................................................................................................321 Sending to a Word Processor ...............................................................................321 Using ALT-Print Screen ................................................................................321
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Copying EasyPower Graphics to Other Applications ....................................322 Copying Text Reports to Other Applications ................................................323 Databases .............................................................................................................323 Exporting Database Text Files .......................................................................324 Sending to a CAD System ...................................................................................324 How To Write a DXF File .............................................................................324 Using AutoCAD® to Read the File ...............................................................325 Layer Names ..................................................................................................325 SCADA Importing and Exporting .......................................................................326 File Structure ..................................................................................................326 Sample File ....................................................................................................330 Saving an ASCII File .....................................................................................330 Reading an ASCII File ...................................................................................331 Chapter 12
Database Technical Reference ....................................................... 333
Overview ..............................................................................................................333 Comments tab in Equipment Data .................................................................333 AFD Data .............................................................................................................334 Specifications .................................................................................................334 Notes on AFD ................................................................................................335 ATS Data .............................................................................................................341 Specifications .................................................................................................342 Stability ..........................................................................................................343 Arc Flash Hazard ...........................................................................................344 Battery Data .........................................................................................................344 Specifications .................................................................................................344 Bus Data ...............................................................................................................345 Specifications .................................................................................................346 Switchgear/Panelboard/Switchboard .............................................................348 Arc Flash Hazard ...........................................................................................350 Busway Data ........................................................................................................354 Connection Information .................................................................................354 Busway Specifications ...................................................................................355 Impedances ....................................................................................................355 Harmonics ......................................................................................................356 Cable Data............................................................................................................356 Connection Information .................................................................................357 Cable Specifications 1....................................................................................357 Cable Specifications 2....................................................................................361 Ground Wire ..................................................................................................364 Neutral Wire...................................................................................................366 Harmonics ......................................................................................................366 DC Cables ............................................................................................................366 DC Resistance Specification ..........................................................................366 Capacitor Data .....................................................................................................367 Connection Information .................................................................................367
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Capacitor Specifications ................................................................................368 Harmonics ......................................................................................................368 Current Limiting Reactor Data ............................................................................369 Connection Information .................................................................................369 C. L. Reactor Specifications ..........................................................................370 Harmonics ......................................................................................................370 Current Transformer Data ....................................................................................371 Connection Information .................................................................................371 Specifications .................................................................................................372 Filter Data ............................................................................................................373 Connection Information .................................................................................374 Specifications .................................................................................................374 Harmonics ......................................................................................................374 Fused Switch Data ...............................................................................................377 Connection Information .................................................................................377 Specifications .................................................................................................378 Short Circuit ...................................................................................................380 Switch ............................................................................................................381 Stability ..........................................................................................................382 Mtr O/L (Motor Overload)............................................................................383 Harmonics ......................................................................................................384 DC Fused Switch ...........................................................................................385 Generator Data .....................................................................................................385 Connection Information .................................................................................386 Generator Specifications ................................................................................386 DC Generator Specifications .........................................................................388 Power Flow ....................................................................................................389 DC Generator Power Flow.............................................................................390 Generator Impedance .....................................................................................391 Generator TCC ...............................................................................................392 Harmonics ......................................................................................................394 Stability 1 .......................................................................................................395 Generator Model: ...........................................................................................395 Exciter Model: ...............................................................................................396 Governor Model:............................................................................................396 Stability 2 .......................................................................................................397 High Voltage Breaker Data ..................................................................................398 Connection Information .................................................................................398 High Voltage Breaker Specifications.............................................................399 Short Circuit ...................................................................................................400 Harmonics ......................................................................................................401 Inverter Data ........................................................................................................401 Specifications .................................................................................................402 Power Flow ....................................................................................................403 Notes on Inverter Model ................................................................................405 Load Data .............................................................................................................409
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Connection Information .................................................................................409 Specifications .................................................................................................409 DC Load Specifications .................................................................................411 Harmonics ......................................................................................................411 Low Voltage Breaker Data ..................................................................................414 Connection Information .................................................................................414 Low Voltage Breaker Specifications .............................................................415 Short Circuit ...................................................................................................418 Phase Trip ......................................................................................................419 Gnd Trip .........................................................................................................424 ZSI..................................................................................................................426 Fuse ................................................................................................................427 Motor Overload (Mtr O/L).............................................................................428 Harmonics ......................................................................................................429 DC LV Breaker ..............................................................................................430 Meter Data ...........................................................................................................431 Connection Information .................................................................................431 Load Equipment .............................................................................................432 Association.....................................................................................................432 Motor Data ...........................................................................................................433 Connection Information .................................................................................433 Model .............................................................................................................433 Motor Specifications ......................................................................................434 Motor kVA Calculations ................................................................................435 DC Motor Specifications ...............................................................................436 Short Circuit ...................................................................................................437 TCC ................................................................................................................439 Power Flow ....................................................................................................441 DC Motor Power Flow...................................................................................445 Harmonics ......................................................................................................446 Stability ..........................................................................................................446 Motor Control Center Data ..................................................................................451 Connection Information .................................................................................451 Specifications .................................................................................................451 Incoming ........................................................................................................453 Description .....................................................................................................454 Summary ........................................................................................................458 Power Flow ....................................................................................................461 Short Circuit ...................................................................................................463 Harmonics ......................................................................................................464 Arc Flash Hazard ...........................................................................................465 Panel Schedule Data ............................................................................................466 Connection Information .................................................................................466 Specifications .................................................................................................466 Incoming ........................................................................................................467 Description .....................................................................................................468
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Summary ........................................................................................................471 Power Flow ....................................................................................................473 Harmonics ......................................................................................................474 Arc Flash Hazard ...........................................................................................475 Photovoltaic Data .................................................................................................475 Specifications .................................................................................................475 Notes on Data Specification...........................................................................476 Notes on Power Flow Modeling ....................................................................479 Short Circuit Modeling ..................................................................................481 Rectifier Data .......................................................................................................482 Connection Information .................................................................................482 Specifications .................................................................................................483 Power Flow ....................................................................................................483 Modeling Notes..............................................................................................484 Power Flow Modeling....................................................................................487 Relay Data............................................................................................................489 Connection Information .................................................................................489 Specifications .................................................................................................489 Settings...........................................................................................................492 Shunt Reactor Data ..............................................................................................497 Connection Information .................................................................................497 Shunt Specifications.......................................................................................497 Harmonics ......................................................................................................498 Switch Data ..........................................................................................................498 Connection Information .................................................................................498 Switch Specifications .....................................................................................499 Short Circuit ...................................................................................................500 Harmonics ......................................................................................................500 Three-Winding Transformer Data .......................................................................501 Connection Information .................................................................................501 Transformer Specifications ............................................................................502 Winding Information .....................................................................................502 Impedance ......................................................................................................503 Load Tap Changer (LTC) ..............................................................................505 TCC ................................................................................................................506 Harmonics ......................................................................................................508 Transmission Line Data .......................................................................................508 Connection Information .................................................................................509 Transmission Line Specifications ..................................................................509 Impedances ....................................................................................................510 Harmonics ......................................................................................................510 Two-Winding Transformer Data .........................................................................511 Connection Information .................................................................................511 Transformer Specifications ............................................................................512 Winding Information .....................................................................................512 Impedance ......................................................................................................513
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Load Tap Changer (LTC) Data ......................................................................515 TCC Data .......................................................................................................516 Harmonics ......................................................................................................517 UPS Data ..............................................................................................................518 Specifications .................................................................................................518 Power Flow ....................................................................................................519 Utility Data...........................................................................................................520 Connection Information .................................................................................521 Utility Specifications .....................................................................................521 DC Utility Specifications ...............................................................................522 Power Flow ....................................................................................................523 DC Utility Power Flow ..................................................................................524 Harmonics ......................................................................................................525 Stability ..........................................................................................................527 Zigzag Transformer Data .....................................................................................528 Connection Information .................................................................................528 Specifications .................................................................................................529 Harmonics ......................................................................................................529 Chapter 13
Harmonics With Spectrum ........................................................... 532
Overview ..............................................................................................................532 Harmonics Ribbon ...............................................................................................532 Harmonics Toolbar ..............................................................................................532 Harmonics Status Bar ..........................................................................................533 Harmonic Load Data ............................................................................................533 Analysis Results ...................................................................................................534 Frequency Scan ..............................................................................................535 Plotting Results ..............................................................................................537 Current Flow ..................................................................................................540 Summation .....................................................................................................541 Harmonics Options ..............................................................................................545 Harmonics Control .........................................................................................545 Harmonics One-line Output ...........................................................................546 Harmonics Text Output..................................................................................548 Plot Output .....................................................................................................549 DC Effects in Harmonics .....................................................................................551 Chapter 14
Coordination With PowerProtector............................................... 554
Overview ..............................................................................................................554 Coordination Focus ........................................................................................554 Coordination Ribbon ......................................................................................554 TCC Ribbon ...................................................................................................554 TCC Status Bar ..............................................................................................555 Short Circuit Analysis in Coordination Focus .....................................................555 Coordination Options ...........................................................................................556 General ...........................................................................................................557
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TCC Curve Styles ..........................................................................................558 Auto Coordination .........................................................................................559 Short Circuit Options ...........................................................................................559 TCC Options ........................................................................................................560 Short Circuit Control......................................................................................560 TCC One-line .................................................................................................562 Arc Flash Hazard Analysis in Coordination Focus........................................562 Insert SC Tick Mark.......................................................................................562 Formatting SC Tick Marks ............................................................................563 Arcing Current Tick Mark .............................................................................564 LV Breaker Series Coordination Tick Mark ..................................................564 Plotting a TCC Curve from a One-Line ...............................................................565 Plotting Motor Starting Curve on TCC................................................................567 Plotting Individual Motor Curve....................................................................567 Plotting Grouped Motor Curve ......................................................................569 Plotting Items in MCC and Panels .......................................................................571 Editing TCC Curves .............................................................................................572 Dragging TCC Curves ...................................................................................572 Dragging Pickup and FLA Tick Marks .........................................................575 Curve Insertion...............................................................................................576 Add Item Existing in One-line .......................................................................576 Deleting Curves .............................................................................................577 Deleting Devices from One-line of TCC Plot................................................577 Inserting Shifted Curves ................................................................................577 Shifting Curves by Modifying .......................................................................578 Show Original Curve .....................................................................................579 Changing Overlapping Curve Position ..........................................................579 Insert Difference Calculator .................................................................................580 Temporary Data Dialog Boxes ............................................................................581 Temporary Data Dialog Boxes and TCC Plots ..............................................582 TCC Clipping .................................................................................................583 Saving Temporary Data .................................................................................584 Save and Store......................................................................................................584 Open and Delete TCC ..........................................................................................585 Formatting Appearance........................................................................................586 Title Block .....................................................................................................586 Insert a One-Line Diagram ............................................................................587 Zoom and Pan ................................................................................................588 Inserting Notes ...............................................................................................588 Format Plot Area ............................................................................................589 Scale ...............................................................................................................591 Default............................................................................................................594 Copy to Metafile ..................................................................................................594 Reports .................................................................................................................594 TCC Coordination Report ..............................................................................594 Print ......................................................................................................................597
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Zone Selective Interlock (ZSI).............................................................................598 TCC Plots for ZSI Breakers ...........................................................................600 Maintenance Mode Trip.......................................................................................601 Global TCC Changes versus TCC Dependent Changes ......................................601 Global Changes ..............................................................................................602 TCC Dependant Changes ...............................................................................602 Global and TCC Dependent Issues ................................................................602 Chapter 15 AF Hazard Analysis........................................................................ 606 Calculating Arc Flash Hazards / Currents ...........................................................606 Fault Interface ................................................................................................607 Unbalanced Fault Types ................................................................................608 Arc Fault Currents..........................................................................................608 Arc Flash Hazard Options ....................................................................................608 Advanced Arc Flash Options .........................................................................612 Specifying Arc Flash Hazard Data for Equipment ..............................................614 Specifying Equipment Type ..........................................................................615 Specifying Arcing Time .................................................................................616 Arc Flash Report ..................................................................................................617 Spreadsheet Column Headings ......................................................................619 Opening Arc Flash Hazard Report in Excel® ...............................................621 Arc Flash Hazard Labels......................................................................................622 Getting Started Printing Arc Flash Labels .....................................................622 Why use EasyPower label printing and design? ............................................623 How to Print Arc Flash Labels.......................................................................623 Label Print Preview Window .........................................................................625 Print Labels Toolbar ......................................................................................627 How to Print Landscape Oriented Labels ......................................................628 How to Print to Custom Label Stock .............................................................631 Customizing Label Designs ...........................................................................633 How to Create a Custom Label Template ......................................................634 Label Variables ..............................................................................................635 Label Designer Window ................................................................................638 Example of Changing Text on a Label Template ..........................................645 How to Insert a Variable from the Arc Flash Hazard Report ........................645 How to Control when Text is Visible ............................................................647 Example of Displaying Different Text based off a Condition .......................649 Scenario Comparison Report ...............................................................................652 Creating Scenario Comparison Report ..........................................................652 Default Data in Library ........................................................................................654 Arc Flash Hazard ...........................................................................................654 User Clearing Times ......................................................................................655 Defining PPE Levels ............................................................................................656 Creating Energized Electrical Work Permits .......................................................657 Creating Work Permits ..................................................................................658 Work Task Dialog ..........................................................................................659
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Work Permit Files ..........................................................................................660 Editing Work Permits ....................................................................................660 Linking Work Permits to EasyPower One-lines ............................................661 Library............................................................................................................661 Troubleshooting with Arc Flash Hazard Results .................................................663 Determination of System Grounding ...................................................................665 Maintenance Mode Trip.......................................................................................666 Chapter 16 IEC Short Circuit Reference .......................................................... 668 Setting Short Circuit Method ...............................................................................668 Short Circuit Focus ..............................................................................................669 Short Circuit Status Bar .................................................................................670 Faulting a Bus ................................................................................................670 Changing the IEC Standard Time Interval.....................................................671 Displaying Fault Currents By Current Type ..................................................672 SmartDuty™ ........................................................................................................673 Short Circuit Control............................................................................................675 Short Circuit One-line Output..............................................................................676 Short Circuit Text Output ....................................................................................678 Chapter 17
Auto-Design .................................................................................. 682
Introduction ..........................................................................................................682 Items that can be sized ...................................................................................682 Types of Circuits ............................................................................................682 Performing Auto Design ......................................................................................685 Pre-Requisites for Auto Design .....................................................................685 Sizing Equipment on One-line .......................................................................686 Sizing Individual Circuits in MCC and Panel Data .......................................686 Sizing MCC and Panel ...................................................................................687 Lock Auto-Sizing ...........................................................................................688 Auto-Design Options ...........................................................................................688 General ...........................................................................................................689 Lines...............................................................................................................690 Protective Device ...........................................................................................692 Voltage Drops ................................................................................................693 Bus .................................................................................................................694 Design Library .....................................................................................................695 Motors ............................................................................................................696 Feeders ...........................................................................................................697 Protective Equipment .....................................................................................698 Bus Equipment ...............................................................................................699 Transformers ..................................................................................................699 Editing Design Library ..................................................................................700 Series Coordination of Breakers ..........................................................................705 Pre-requisites for Series Coordination ...........................................................706 Performing Series Coordination ....................................................................706
Contents
Contents 17
Adding Coordination Data to Breaker Library ..............................................707 Customizing the Design Template for Series Coordination ..........................708 Chapter 18 Auto-Coordination ........................................................................ 710 Introduction ..........................................................................................................710 Phase Coordination vs. Ground Coordination ...............................................710 Protective devices that can be Auto Coordinated ................................................710 Relays.............................................................................................................710 SSTs and Molded Case Circuit Breakers .......................................................711 Fuses ..............................................................................................................711 Auto Coordination Process ..................................................................................712 Tips on Auto Coordination: ...........................................................................713 Lock Auto Coordination ................................................................................713 Auto Coordination Options ..................................................................................714 General ...........................................................................................................715 Transformer....................................................................................................718 Line ................................................................................................................719 Load ...............................................................................................................721 Capacitor ........................................................................................................722 Motor..............................................................................................................723 Fuse ................................................................................................................724 Relay ..............................................................................................................725 Relay Minimum Time Gaps...........................................................................726 Chapter 19 Dynamic Stability .......................................................................... 732 Introduction ..........................................................................................................732 Dynamic Stability Focus ................................................................................732 Dynamic Stability Ribbon..............................................................................733 Steps to Running Dynamic Stability Simulations ................................................734 Entering Dynamic Stability Data .........................................................................735 Stability Data Parameters .....................................................................................735 Generator Models...........................................................................................736 Excitation System Models .............................................................................738 Governor Models ...........................................................................................744 PSS Models ....................................................................................................746 Motor Models.................................................................................................748 ATS Model.....................................................................................................751 Contactor Model ............................................................................................752 Menu and Commands ..........................................................................................753 Simulations Commands .................................................................................753 Plotting User Selected Values – Define Plot .......................................................754 Creating a Simulation Script ................................................................................758 Dynamic Stability Options...................................................................................761 Control ...........................................................................................................761 Double-Click Control.....................................................................................763 Plot Output .....................................................................................................766
Contents
Contents 18
Arc Flash ........................................................................................................766 Arc Flash Calculations in Dynamic Stability.......................................................767 Formatting Plots ...................................................................................................768 Format Title ...................................................................................................769 Format Plot Area ............................................................................................769 Format X or Y Axes .......................................................................................770 Format Legend ...............................................................................................771 Spreadsheet Results .............................................................................................772 Viewing ..........................................................................................................772 Copy to Clipboard ..........................................................................................772 Format Plot Data ............................................................................................772 Power Flow Results in One-line ..........................................................................772 Printing.................................................................................................................773 Messaging ............................................................................................................773 Exciter Max Limit Messages .........................................................................775 Exciter Min Limit Messages ..........................................................................775 Exciter Gate Limit Messages .........................................................................776 Governor Max Limit Messages .....................................................................776 Governor Min Limit Messages ......................................................................776 Governor Runtime Load Limit Messages ......................................................777 Governor Initialization Load Limit Messages ...............................................778 Slew Run Messages .......................................................................................778 Slip Estimate Messages..................................................................................779 Data Error Messages ......................................................................................780 Delay Table Message .....................................................................................782 Initialized Message ........................................................................................783 Load Transition Messages .............................................................................783 Sync Motor Field Tripped Message ...............................................................783 Sync Motor Field Tripped on Reverse Power Message.................................783 Sync Motor Field Applied Message ..............................................................783 Solution Messages .........................................................................................784 Refactor Messages .........................................................................................784 Isolated Sub-System Message........................................................................785 Induction Motor Power Flow Messages ........................................................785 Protective Device Pickup Messages ..............................................................786 Protective Device Reset Messages.................................................................786 Protective Device Trip Messages...................................................................787 Relay Time Delay Satisfied Message ............................................................787 Relay Travel Back Message...........................................................................788 Relay Unable to Trip Breaker Message .........................................................788 Relay Instantaneous Reset Message ..............................................................788 ATS Transferred Messages ............................................................................788 Contactor Dropped Out Message ...................................................................789 Exceeded Result Storage Message.................................................................789 No PF Source Messages.................................................................................789 DStates Not Settled Messages .......................................................................789
Contents
Contents 19
DStates Settled Messages ..............................................................................790 Faulted Message.............................................................................................790 Fault Removed Message ................................................................................790 ATS Transferred Message .............................................................................790 Contactor Dropped Out Message ...................................................................791 Results Saved Message ..................................................................................791 Device Opened Message ................................................................................791 Device Closed Message .................................................................................791 Simulation Run To Message ..........................................................................792 Simulation Run For Message .........................................................................792 Simulation Reset Message .............................................................................792 Run Script Message .......................................................................................792 Run Script Warning Message ........................................................................792 Control Setting Changed Messages ...............................................................793 Motor Load Messages ....................................................................................793 Simulation Auto-Stop Message .....................................................................793 Complex Operations Error Messages ............................................................794 Numerical Instability Message ......................................................................794 Stepping Message ..........................................................................................794 Simulation Complete Message ......................................................................795 DS Focus Entry Error Messages ....................................................................795 DS Focus Entry Model Error Message ..........................................................795 Attempting Close / Open Message ................................................................795 Exciter / Governor Stepping Messages ..........................................................796 Completing Script Message ...........................................................................796 Reset Encountered Errors Message ...............................................................796 Completing Script Message ...........................................................................796 Power Flow Scaling Message ........................................................................796 Time Step Change Message ...........................................................................797 Bus / Device / ATS Not Defined Message ....................................................797 Generator AVR Undefined Messages ............................................................797 Generator AVR Action Messages..................................................................798 Dynamic Stability Library ...................................................................................798 Plugins..................................................................................................................799 DC Modeling in Dynamic Stability .....................................................................799 Inverter and Photovoltaic Iteration Methods .................................................800 Glossary of Terms .................................................................................................. i Index ................................................................................................................... xii
21
Introduction to EasyPower
What is EasyPower? 22
Introduction to EasyPower What is EasyPower? EasyPower® is a computer aided engineering tool for the analysis and design of industrial, utility, and commercial electrical power systems. EasyPower® is unique in that it completely integrates the short circuit, power flow, protective device coordination and database functions under control of the interactive graphical one-line diagram. EasyPower® lets you work like you normally do -- directly from the one-line. We also maintain the most interactive and user friendly interface ever developed for power system analysis software. EasyPower® uses the latest network analysis techniques developed by world leaders in sparsity solution algorithms and innovative computer techniques. EasyPower® prides itself in its ingenuity of software development with a wide variety of algorithms that are not available in other programs. This gives EasyPower a tremendous advantage over other programs in execution time, modeling capabilities, and accuracy.
EasyPower Documentation Purpose This book is to be used as a ‘Reference Guide’ and a ‘User Manual’ for all EasyPower® users. Information is included that would be good for users to know when initially beginning to use EasyPower® as well as knowledge that will be applicable for even the most experienced of users. It is recommended as the best option that this book be read in its entirety. ‘Your First EasyPower Oneline’ and ‘Making Oneline Diagrams’ provide users with an overview of the majority of the CAD development options that are available. If you plan on using EasyPower® for Studies and in depth analysis it would also interest you to read ‘Analysis Overview’ and work through the ‘EasyPower Tutorials’. If you decide not to read these chapters completely, familiarizing yourself with the Table of Contents will aid you in referencing what topics are covered.
Note: Be sure to read "Your First Oneline" and go through the brief tutorial there. These basics of how EasyPower® works will provide your foundation of the software, and simplify your use of EasyPower®.
Introduction to EasyPower
Documentation Conventions 23
To further enhance your abilities with the EasyPower® software we recommend becoming familiar with this book and never hesitating to reference it. Our Technical Support staff is also very knowledgeable and willing to discuss your questions on device libraries, technical details on particular analysis operations and standards.
Documentation Conventions Command names, Menu bar names, keyboard keys, and Toolbar buttons are Boldface Helvetica. Things you type are indicated with Courier. Boldface Times is used for dialog box field names when described in the text. New terms being introduced are indicated with italics. If the meaning is not clear from the context, see the Glossary of Terms. Italics are also used for dialog box field names when referred to in the text.
Introduction to EasyPower
System Requirements 25
System Requirements The following are the minimum hardware requirements for EasyPower:
Operating System: Windows XP SP3 / 2003 Server / Vista/ Windows 7
CPU: Equivalent of 2.5 GHz Pentium IV
RAM: Equivalent of 500 MB DDR2 RAM
1024 x 768 or higher resolution monitor and video adapter
500 MB of free hard disk space for EasyPower program directory
CD/DVD drive
Microsoft Mouse or other compatible pointing device with spin wheel.
The following are the recommended hardware requirements for EasyPower:
CPU: Equivalent of 2.5 GHz Pentium D or better
RAM: Equivalent of 1GB DDR2 RAM or larger
1024 x 768 or higher resolution monitor and video adapter or larger
1GB of free hard disk space for EasyPower program and files or larger
Ergonomic keyboard and pointing device with spin/click wheel.
Introduction to EasyPower
Installing EasyPower 26
Installing EasyPower 1. Make sure your computer has enough speed and memory as described in System Requirements above. 2. Start Microsoft Windows on your computer. 3. Insert the EasyPower program CD in a CD drive. The CD will auto-start. For Vista operating system you will need to browse the CD to Setup folder and run setup.exe program. 4. Follow the installation dialog. 5. Click on the Install button. 6. Install the hardware key to the printer port or the USB port on the computer before running EasyPower.
Beginning An EasyPower Session Select the EasyPower icon to open a new session. A splash screen will appear, with options to choose, once in EasyPower you may disable this splash screen in the options for quicker load time. Choose Start Program button. You can click on the window's Maximize button to completely maximize visibility within the session.
Note: If you are new to the Microsoft Operating Systems, it is highly recommended that you run the appropriate Tutorial before using EasyPower®. This documentation assumes that you are familiar with the basic Windows operations like using menus, choosing from dialog boxes, manipulating window sizes/locations, etc.
The First Time You Run EasyPower If this is your first time using EasyPower, we highly recommend that you read Chapter 1, Your First EasyPower One-line and go through the brief tutorial there. This will give you the basics of how EasyPower works, and will make the rest of the chapters much more understandable.
Using Authorization Codes 27
Introduction to EasyPower
Using Authorization Codes It is possible to change your program options by using an authcode. For example, suppose you faxed in a purchase order for adding the SmartDuty option to EasyPower. You will receive a fax back which gives you a code that you can input to EasyPower to enable the feature rather than waiting for a new program to be shipped to you. To enter a new authorization code, choose Tools will get the following dialog box:
Auth Code from the Menu bar. You
Type in your code as instructed. For example, here is a typical authorization code: SW22 8DPE JJF2 YT4B N7S9 As you type, the blanks are optional. Make sure not to enter any additional spaces or characters after the authorization code, then click on the OK button for the new features to be enabled. You only need to enter a new authorization code once, but you should keep the information in your files in case you ever need to re-install the program.
PC Optimization for EasyPower EasyPower runs on many computers with a wide variety of hardware and system configurations. Some configurations may allow EasyPower to work more efficiently than others. The following discussion will help you get the most out of EasyPower.
Memory To run a complex analysis program like EasyPower effectively and still allow your computer the memory it needs to run efficiently, you should consider upgrading if you have 500 megabytes of RAM or less.
Introduction to EasyPower
PC Optimization for EasyPower 28
On older hard disk drives a symptom of insufficient memory is that your hard disk will "chatter" a lot. This means Windows is being forced to use the hard disk instead of memory for basic operations. Inexpensive memory is available from many online stores and is much less expensive than a new hard disk.
Large, High-resolution Monitors The larger the computer's display screen, the more of your one-line you will be able to see at one time. Although EasyPower is very fast and efficient, you will work more effectively if scrolling is minimized and your one-line is fully visualized.
High-speed Graphics Support EasyPower's one-line graphics are very fast compared to other programs. However, the faster your computer's graphics are, the faster EasyPower can display things. Many computers come with built-in Local Bus graphics, which are generally faster than other forms of graphic support. If your existing computer does not have high-speed graphics support, you can purchase a high-performance graphics card as an add-on.
Uninstalling EasyPower 29
Introduction to EasyPower
Uninstalling EasyPower 1. Access your computer’s Control Panel from the start menu. 2. Double-click on the
Add/Remove Programs icon.
3. Click on EasyPower 9.5. 4. Click on the Add/Remove button and uninstall.
Checking for Updates You can automatically check if any updates for EasyPower program or the standard library are available on the web. These items along with manuals and EasyPower utilities may be accessed at http://www.EasyPower.com/Updates. Please have your serial number ready for verification of current maintenance; you will then be redirected to our update center. For expired EasyPower maintenance please contact our office at
[email protected]. For Network licenses, obtain update information from EasyPower LLC, by emailing us at
[email protected].
Introduction to EasyPower
Checking for Updates 31
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Chapter 1
Overview 32
Your First EasyPower One-line
Overview In this tutorial, you will create a small but complete one-line diagram and database from scratch. You will then perform a basic power flow and short circuit analysis on the system.
The Session Window After you start EasyPower, the session window should look something like the following figure. Click on the session window's Maximize button on the upper-right to make it fill the screen. To make the one-line window fill the EasyPower session, click on its Maximize button also.
EasyPower Session
Following are brief descriptions of the session window elements.
Chapter 1
The Session Window 33
Your First EasyPower One-line
Ribbons The Ribbons let you tell EasyPower what you want to do next. Ribbon buttons that are not appropriate at a given time are grayed out and made unavailable. Some buttons have the down arrow symbol indicating further options.
Ribbons are new to EasyPower 9.0. Previous versions supported menu bar and toolbars. You can display menu bars and toolbars in place of the ribbons by choosing Style. The Style drop down menu is in the upper right part of the screen in the ribbon interface.
Change Style
Quick Access Toolbar
Quick Access Toolbar
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The Session Window 34
Your First EasyPower One-line
The quick access toolbar is located at the top left part of the EasyPower window when the style is ribbons. By default this toolbar has the common command New (create new oneline), Open, Save, Print and Undo.
Menu bar The Menu bar lets you tell EasyPower what you want to do next. Menu bar is displayed only when the Style selected is Toolbar. Menu options that are not appropriate at a given time are grayed out and made unavailable.
Menu bar
Toolbar There is an optional Toolbar underneath the Menu bar that provides a number of buttons you can push (click on). These buttons are shortcuts to often-used commands. All of the Toolbars are user-definable. That is, by using the Customize feature you can decide which buttons you would like on the Toolbars and even where individual buttons are placed.
Toolbar
For more information on what each Toolbar button does, see "Standard Toolbar", "Power Flow Toolbar“, "Coordination Toolbar”, and "Dynamic Stability Toolbar” in their respective chapters. You can also hold the cursor on a particular button for about a second and the "tool tip" giving the name of that button will pop up. The tool tip also gives a brief help description.
Chapter 1
The Session Window 35
Your First EasyPower One-line
Right Mouse Context Menus In addition to Ribbons and Toolbars, EasyPower offers you the speed of clicking the right mouse button anywhere on the screen and having an extensive context menu popup. Each focus has a separate menu, and though some commands are grayed out, they become active when appropriate.
Right Mouse Button Context Menus
Status Bar There is an optional Status bar at the bottom of the session window that provides information about settings you have chosen.
Status bar
For more information, see "Database Edit Status Bar" in chapter 2, "Short Circuit Status Bar" in chapter 4, "Power Flow Status Bar" in chapter 5, “TCC Status Bar ” in chapter 14, or “Dynamic Stability Status Bar” in chapter 19.
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Your First EasyPower One-line
EasyPower Focus 36
Equipment Palette
Equipment Palette
In the Ribbon Style, the Equipment Palette allows you to add equipment and notes to the one-line. This is similar to the Equipment Palette toolbar. You can also insert items through the Insert ribbon. While you are editing the database, the Equipment Palette provides the necessary equipment types to create a power system one-line diagram. You can hide or show the Equipment Palette using the right mouse context menu.
EasyPower Focus During an EasyPower session, all capabilities are only a few mouse clicks away. With any powerful tool however, it is most efficient to concentrate on one thing at a time. EasyPower calls this your focus. There are six types of focuses in EasyPower:
Database Editing
Short Circuit Analysis
Chapter 1
EasyPower Focus 37
Your First EasyPower One-line
Power Flow Analysis
Harmonics
Protective Device Coordination
Dynamic Stability Each focus has its own Ribbon, Menu bar and Toolbar, showing only the commands that are appropriate for that focus. This feature keeps the user interface for each focus simple. For example, you don't have to wade through a bunch of Short Circuit menus when all you really want to do is Power Flow. Also, as major new analysis capabilities are added to EasyPower in the future, they can each have their own focus. This helps avoid the problem plaguing many programs today – a cluttered, complicated user interface.
Database Edit Focus You can edit the database by changing ID names, equipment data, impedances, etc. You can also change the positions of one-line equipment and the lines that connect them. No analysis results are shown on the one-line in the Database Edit focus.
Analysis Focus Each analysis focus provides the tools necessary for that type of study. In an analysis focus, you can change the one-line (equipment positions, etc.) but not the equipment data. Some analysis focuses allow temporary changes of equipment data for performing what-if cases. The different types of analysis include Short Circuit, Power Flow, Harmonics, Coordination, and Dynamic Stability.
Choosing a Focus You can choose a focus by clicking one of the five focus buttons to the far right of the Home Ribbon, as shown below. The current focus will be shown as highlighted.
Focus Buttons
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Preparing to Start Your One-line 38
Switching to one analysis focus from another is almost instantaneous once you have been "in" that focus. However, when you go back to the Database focus, EasyPower must prepare for analysis from scratch since database changes you make affect the analysis.
Preparing to Start Your One-line By default, EasyPower has a grid that helps you line up your one-line graphics. For this tutorial, we will keep that grid visible. While inserting or moving items on the one-line, the items snap to the grid points. Leaving the Snap to grid feature on helps to avoid jogs in the lines and makes the drawing look better.
Turn Grid Display On/Off Choose Tools Options Grid. (In these instructions, a phrase like "choose Tools Options Grid means to first click on the Tools ribbon, then click on the Options button and then, in this particular case, select the Grid tab.) This will bring up the following dialog box. Click on the Display grid points box as shown, and then click on the OK button. You can toggle the checkbox to see the effect on the oneline window.
Chapter 1
Preparing to Start Your One-line 39
Your First EasyPower One-line
Options: Grid dialog box
Grid Points
The Options button on the ribbon also has a pull-down arrow symbol which provides short cut to Show Grid command.
Chapter 1
Place Buses on the One-line 40
Your First EasyPower One-line
Show Grid
Place Buses on the One-line The central equipment type of every one-line is the bus. A bus defines the connection point for all types of equipment. Each piece of equipment must be connected to a bus in order to analyze the system. Click on the
button in the equipment palette or in the Insert ribbon. The mouse cursor
will turn into a bus symbol. Place five buses in the drawing as shown by clicking with the left mouse button. Note: The default bus "Base kV" is blank. This was done to force the user to enter a base kV. To speed up one-line creation, advanced users can format default equipment data. To do this, use the ribbon option Tools Equipment, click on the Bus icon and to choose a default base kV. The menu command for this is Format Equipment Defaults.
Chapter 1
Place Buses on the One-line 41
Your First EasyPower One-line
Inserting Bus
Adjust Bus Sizes and Locations Click on the
button from the Toolbox or press the ESC key on the keyboard – the mouse
cursor will turn back into an arrow, indicating that you are no longer adding buses. Move and size the buses approximately as shown below. You move buses or ID names by dragging them with the left mouse button. When you bring the cursor arrow close to a bus the four-headed arrow will appear. Click the left mouse button and drag to move the bus. If you take the cursor arrow close to the either end of the bus, a double-headed arrow ↔ will appear. You can now change the size of a bus by dragging either end of it with the left or right mouse button. You can even shrink it to a single dot or “node” so that it will take up less room.
Moving and Sizing Bus
Enter Bus kV Data Enter bus data by double-clicking on each of the buses in turn. The Bus Data dialog box will appear each time and that bus' kV can be entered. Use 13.8 kV for the top bus, and 0.48 kV for others.
Chapter 1
Place Buses on the One-line 42
Your First EasyPower One-line
Bus Data
(If you had a large number of buses to set the kV for, you would want to use Copy and Paste, which are described and used later in this tutorial.)
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Add Equipment to the One-line 43
Add Equipment to the One-line Add Transformer Click on the
button -- the mouse cursor will turn into a two winding transformer symbol.
Place the transformer by positioning the transformer cursor's top leader on the top bus and clicking. The transformer will automatically attach to the bus, and the top half of the symbol will turn black. If you miss (the transformer doesn't connect and stays all red), just drag the symbol into position after you get back to the arrow cursor.
Click on the
button or press the ESC key on the keyboard – the mouse cursor will turn
back into an arrow, indicating that you are no longer adding transformers. Using the left mouse button, drag the transformer's remaining leader to the middle bus. After it connects, drag the transformer symbol up, centered between the two buses.
Chapter 1
Add Equipment to the One-line 44
Your First EasyPower One-line
Transformer Connected at Both Ends
Add Cables Click on the
palette button -- the mouse cursor will turn into a crosshair. Put the
crosshair on the middle bus and press the left mouse button down (but don't release it yet). This sets one end of the line. Now drag the crosshair to the left bottom bus and release the mouse button. This places the cable. If you miss (no cable is added), just try again.
Adding Cable
Do the same thing for the other two cables as shown. Note that the middle cable doesn't have a jog because you moved the dynamic rubber band line straight down rather than diagonally.
Chapter 1
Add Equipment to the One-line 45
Your First EasyPower One-line
Cables Added
Add Motors Click on the
palette button -- the mouse cursor will turn into a motor symbol.
Place the first motor by positioning the motor cursor's leader on the bottom left bus and clicking. The motor will automatically attach to the bus, and the symbol will turn black. If you miss (the motor doesn't connect and turns red), just drag the symbol into position after you get back to the arrow cursor. Continue by placing the other motors as shown.
Chapter 1
Add Equipment to the One-line 46
Your First EasyPower One-line
Adding Motors
Add Utility Click on the
palette button -- the mouse cursor will turn into a utility symbol.
Place the utility on the top bus with the same procedure used for motors. If you scroll up slightly (by clicking on the button on the upper right) you can drag the utility symbol a little higher so the utility data text has more room.
Chapter 1
Add Equipment to the One-line 47
Your First EasyPower One-line
Adding Utility
Add Feeder Breakers Click on the
palette button -- the mouse cursor will turn into a low voltage breaker
symbol. Position the breaker cursor directly over a feeder line (cable, transformer, etc.) and click the left mouse button. The breaker will be inserted into the line. If you miss (the breaker doesn't insert into the line and stays all red), get back to the arrow cursor by clicking on the palette button or pressing the ESC key on the keyboard. Then select the red breaker by clicking on it, and delete it by clicking on the Continue by placing the breakers shown here.
button.
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Add Equipment to the One-line 48
LV Breakers Added
You can move the breaker in vertical or horizontal directions in the one-line by dragging it with the mouse.
Add Tie Breaker Adding a tie breaker is similar to adding a transformer. Click on the
palette button if needed (it should already be down from the previous step).
Place the breaker by positioning the breaker cursor's top leader on the right end of the bottom middle bus and clicking (see picture). The breaker will automatically attach to the bus. If you miss (the breaker doesn't connect and stays all red), just drag the symbol into position after you get back to the arrow cursor. Take the cursor over the breaker and click the right mouse button. Edit options will appear as shown in the figure above. From the edit options, choose Rotate 90°. The breaker orientation will change from vertical to horizontal. At the same time the connection type of the breaker will change from feeder breaker to bus tie breaker. Using the left mouse button, drag the tie breaker's remaining leader to the bottom right bus. After it connects, drag the tie breaker's symbol to be centered between the two buses. Once the tie breaker is connected to buses on both sides, the Rotate command will only change the orientation in the one line diagram, and remain as a tie breaker.
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Add Equipment to the One-line 49
You can also add a vertical tie breaker between two buses if one bus is above the other. In such a case the orientation of the breaker need not be changed. Double click on the tie breaker to open the LV Breaker Data dialog. Set the breaker to Open in the top right corner of the dialog and press OK. This will make it a normally open tie breaker.
Adding Tie Breaker
Chapter 1
Save Your Work 50
Your First EasyPower One-line
Tie Breaker Added
Save Your Work As with any computer program, it is a good idea to save your work "early and often." To save the one-line in EasyPower, choose window, then choose Save. Or you can choose
button on the top left of the EasyPower from the Quick Access toolbar. Menu
command for this is File Save. (If you are using the Demo Version, Save is disabled.) If you have not already given the file a name, you will be asked for one at this time. Filenames can be up to 256 characters including blank spaces.
Enter Equipment Data When a database dialog box is up, you will see bus names in the Connection Information fields. Don't be disturbed if those names don't match the ones in these tutorial pictures. You may have added the items in a different order than we did, and the automatic name assignments would be different.
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Enter Equipment Data 51
Enter Motor Data Double click on one of the motors, and fill out the dialog box as shown here. Do not change the To Bus field, because that would change the one-line connections. Fill out the X/R field last by choosing the Short Circuit tab and then clicking on the Calculate button. After you have the data entered, click on the OK button. If you click OK and have not filled out all of the necessary fields, you will receive a message asking if you want to save what you have entered. This message can be turned off in the Tools Options General dialog.
Entering Motor Data
Rather than entering data separately for each motor, use the Copy and Paste toolbar buttons. First select the motor that already has data by clicking on it with the left mouse button (the
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
motor will turn green). Then click on the
Enter Equipment Data 52
button. The motor's data will be copied to the
EasyPower clipboard. Select all of the other motors on the one-line. This can be done with the rubber rectangle or by holding down the Shift key as you select by clicking. Don't worry if you have non-motor items selected too; they will be ignored. Click on the Paste
button. The motor horsepower, type, etc. will be pasted into each
selected motor.
Enter Cable Data Double click on one of the cables and fill out the dialog box as shown here. Do not change the To Bus or From Bus fields, because that would change the one-line connections. Fill out the Impedance fields last by clicking on the Calculate button. After you have the data entered, click on the OK button.
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Enter Equipment Data 53
Entering Cable Data
Use the Copy and Paste toolbar buttons to copy that cable's data to the other two, just like you did for the motors.
Enter Transformer Data Double click on the transformer and fill out the dialog box as shown here. Do not change the To Bus or From Bus fields, because that would change the one-line connections. Choose the Impedance tab and enter 6 in each Z field, then fill out the X/R field last by clicking click on Calculate there as well. Click on OK.
Entering Transformer Data
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Enter Equipment Data 54
Enter Utility Data Double click on the utility and fill out the dialog box as shown here. Do not change the To Bus or Controlled Bus fields, because that would change the one-line connections.
Entering Utility Data
Turn Grid Display Off Now that the one-line is basically done, you can turn off the grid. This makes the analysis numbers easier to see. Note that the snap to grid is still on, even if the grid dots are no longer being displayed. Choose Tools Options and click on the Grid tab (like you did at the beginning of the tutorial) and uncheck the Display grid points box by clicking on it.
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Enter Equipment Data 55
View Entire One-line In the Home ribbon, choose Zoom Out Full
button to see all the database data on your
screen (menu command: View Zoom Out Full). Your session window will now look something like this:
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Run a Power Flow Analysis 56
Viewing Entire One Line
Run a Power Flow Analysis Enter Power Flow Focus Enter the Power Flow focus by clicking on the Power Flow
button. If one or more items
are unconnected or have incomplete data, you will be notified at this time. Items with incomplete data are highlighted in red. An error message dialog box appears. To see their ID names, click on the Yes button. An error report will appear as shown below, listing the equipment with incomplete data.
Error Message – Incomplete Data
Error Report – Incomplete Data
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Run a Power Flow Analysis 57
Solve Base Case Power Flow Click on the
Solve button to see all the flows.
Oops. You can see that we underestimated the amount of space to leave for analysis results. This is a common mistake made by engineers just starting to make EasyPower one-lines. Fortunately, EasyPower's dynamic graphics make it easy to remedy. (And with practice, you will get the equipment spacing right the first time.)
Adjust One-line For Results Readability Drag the buses, equipment, and ID names as needed to let all analysis numbers be seen. Note that the center cable now has a "jog" in it, whereas before it was a straight line. To force a jog in a currently straight line, drag it so that it goes beyond one of the buses it is connected
After adjusting the one-line, you can save the updated arrangement with the Save command even though you are still in the Power Flow focus.
Chapter 1
Your First EasyPower One-line
Run a Power Flow Analysis 58
Better Readability in One Line
Interpret Results The power flow solution is initially displayed in megawatts and megavars. This can be changed to kilowatts and kilovars if desired by choosing PF Options One-line Output in the Power Flow ribbon (menu command: Tools Power Flow Options One-Line Output) from the menu and then the tab. Flow direction is indicated by the arrow. MVAR flow is indicated by the value placed in parenthesis ( ). The numbers beneath the motors show the actual loading of each motor. Voltage is shown on the right-hand side of each bus at a forty-five degree angle. The default voltage unit is per-unit, but kV can be shown instead if desired. The number after the "@" is the voltage angle (excluding 30 phase shift) in degrees. This is the voltage angle in comparison to the voltage angle at the swing bus (usually 0). Notice that the flow into each branch is different than the flow out of each branch. This is due to the line losses associated with each conductor and transformer. There are many other Power Flow display controls available. You can use the Toolbar to change which values and warning conditions are displayed.
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If the Power Flow toolbar has Voltage Violation selected (i.e. the
button is "lit"), most of
the buses will be highlighted in red since their voltages are outside the warning threshold range as determined in Power Flow Options Control. If your results don't match these numbers, re-check the database dialog boxes for each item, comparing them to the dialog boxes shown in this tutorial. (To do this, you must first get back to the Database Edit focus by clicking on the
Database Edit button.)
Run a Short Circuit Analysis Enter Short Circuit Focus and Fault a Bus Enter the Short Circuit focus by clicking on the Analysis
button in the ribbon or choosing
Short Circuit from the Menu bar.
Fault the lower right-hand bus by double-clicking on it. You should see the following results.
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Running Short Circuit Analysis
Oops! We need to make another minor change to the one-line to accommodate the results.
Adjust One-line For Results Readability Drag each motor down enough that the numbers will fit between it and the bus.
Readable Text After Adjusting One Line
After adjusting the one-line, you can save the updated arrangement with the File command even though you are still in the Short Circuit focus.
Save
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Your First EasyPower One-line
Interpret Results Note that the faulted bus is highlighted in blue. The default result units are symmetrical kiloamps. (This can be changed by choosing Tools Short Circuit Options One-Line Output.) The faulted bus current is 19.695 kA, which is shown on the right-hand side of the bus at a forty five degree angle. The contribution from the transformer is 17.272 kA, and the motor contribution is 1.250 kA. If your results don't match these numbers, re-check the database dialog boxes for each item, comparing them to the dialog boxes shown in this tutorial. (You must first get back to the Database Edit focus by clicking on the
button.)
Look at a Remote Voltage and Current EasyPower gives you the ability to view remote voltages and currents (on multiple buses other than the one experiencing the fault). While the lower right-hand bus is still faulted (highlighted in blue), select the lower left-hand bus by clicking on it once (it will turn green). Choose Remote V/I button on the Short Circuit ribbon (menu command: View Remote Bus V&I) to see the remote voltage and current for that bus. To view the voltage and currents for all remote buses, just click on the button without selecting any bus.
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Looking at Remote Voltage and Current
As you can see, 0.860 kA from each of the motors flow to the fault on the right-hand bus. For remote buses, the voltage is shown at a forty five degree angle. In this case, the value is 0.358 per-unit, or about 36 percent of nominal. The voltage can be displayed in kV if desired by choosing SC Options One-Line Output (menu command: Tools Short Circuit Options One-Line Output).
Look at Interrupting Results Choose View
Interrupting from the Menu bar or
button from the Short Circuit
ribbon button to see the interrupting results. In addition to the half cycle results, the interrupting (5-cycle) results will also appear. To see only the interrupting results you can click on button and turn the display off for momentary currents.
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Viewing Interrupting Results
Notice that the motor contributions decay as the bus voltage is depressed and the time constants of the motors increase. This provides a clear indication of the currents necessary for setting relays.
Motor Contribution to Short Circuit Current
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What Now? 64
What Now? Congratulations! You just entered and analyzed a power system with EasyPower. You should be able to apply what you learned to your real-world systems by building on the knowledge you gained through this tutorial. The steps you did here are very much like the steps you will do in making your own onelines. For an example of a larger completed one-line, open the "bigger" database in the SAMPLES directory as described below.
Open the "BIGGER" Sample One-line Choosing
Open will bring up a dialog box that looks something like the following.
Opening File “bigger.dez”
Double-click on the database called "bigger.dez". Experiment with zooming in, doing analysis, changing the database, etc. Chapter 2 discusses many concepts and actions not covered in this tutorial.
Try Your Own Power System You can now start entering one of your own power systems. For information on specific database dialog boxes, see the Database Technical Reference (Chapter 12).
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Chapter 2
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Starting a New One-line 66
Chapter 2 Making One-line Diagrams Starting a New One-line Choose
button on the quick access toolbar on the top left side of the EasyPower
window. EasyPower generates a clear page and places you in the Database Edit focus so you can start creating your new one-line. In the menu style interface, new one-lines are created by choosing File New One-Line. By default, EasyPower names the file “Oneline1” (or 2, 3, etc.), which you can easily change clicking on button on the quick access toolbar (menu style: File Save or File Save As). These commands can also be executed from the button on the top left corner of the window. From there, creating and editing a oneline diagram is a simple matter of choosing the desired power system equipment from the equipment palette, and placing it on the drawing. If you place the item's leader on a bus, EasyPower automatically connects the equipment or you can drag the item to the bus with the arrow cursor.
Save and Save As As with all work involving computers, you will want to regularly save your work so as not to risk having to repeat work because of a power outage or other unfortunate occurrence. If you have started a one-line using the New command, the first time you choose Save, the Save As dialog box will come up allowing you to choose which directory you would like to place it in and the default name will be highlighted allowing you to easily rename the file. The filename may be up to 256 characters long including blank spaces. Once you have done an initial Save, anytime after that choosing Save will make any change a permanent part of the file and the Save dialog box will not appear. If you should want to record the file under another name, use Save As, and the Save As dialog box will appear so that you might choose a new name and a directory to store it in.
Open and Close To open a file that has already been created you choose
button on the quick access
toolbar (menu style: File Open). This will bring up the standard Microsoft Windows Open dialog which allows you to search through drives and directories to find the file you
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want. Then you open it by either double clicking on it or highlighting it and then clicking on OK. If you are working on a Network and someone else has already opened the file you want to use or the file properties are set as "read-only", you will receive the following message and only be allowed to open it as "read-only." Then if you make any changes you will have to use
button
Save As and store the file
under another name or in a different location. To close a file you either click on the icon if minimized) or choose
in the upper right hand corner of the document (or on button Close.
Equipment Palette Button Meanings
Equipment Palette Button Meanings
Standard Toolbar
Standard Toolbar Button Meanings
Database Edit Status Bar
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Making One-line Diagrams
Database Edit Status Bar
The Database Edit Status Bar indicates the following settings: Clipboard: The item that has been copied to the clipboard. In the picture above, the item in the clipboard is “Bus”. Base MVA: The Base MVA value as set from the dialog box accessed by choosing Tools Options System. See page 282. Frequency: The Frequency value as set from the dialog box accessed by choosing Tools Options System. Zoom Factor: How much the one-line is currently zoomed. See "Zooming In and Out" on page 70-42 for more information. There are various zoom commands and also a slider bar to control the one-line zoom.
Setting File Properties If you choose
button Properties (File
Properties from the Menu bar), you will get
the File Properties dialog box which allows you to set project information.
File Properties Dialog Box
Location: Path of the saved one-line file.
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Project Name: Type text you choose to identify the project. This text is printed in the header for each page of printed reports. The field is optional, so you can leave it blank if you want.
Project Code: Type text you choose to further identify the project. This text is "silent", i.e. it is not printed anywhere. The field is optional, so you can leave it blank if you want.
Import Load File: Gives the name of the last SCADA file imported into this one line database. If no SCADA import has been used, then 'NONE' will be written in this dialog box field. See "SCADA Importing and Exporting" on page 39 for more information.
Device Library: This shows the path of the default device library as set in the dialog box accessed by choosing Tools Options File Locations. By choosing "Specified" and using the "Browse" button you can assign a particular device library to this particular oneline database. The path of the specified library will be stored in the one-line file.
Password Access If you should desire to control access to a certain file, you can give it a password. Choose File Properties and click the Password tab in the File Properties dialog box to get the New Password dialog box.
New Password Dialog
The first time you open the New Password dialog box, the Old Password field will be grayed out. Type the password you desire in the New Password field. As you type, an asterisk will appear for each letter. Then type the same password in the Confirm Password field and click
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Zooming In and Out 70
OK. These are changes to the file. So when you close the file and EasyPower asks if you want to save changes, click on Yes. The next time you try to open the file the Database Access Rights dialog box will open. You can open the desired file as a read-only file without entering the password. You cannot save read-only files.
Database Access Rights Dialog
Zooming In and Out Most systems are too large to allow detailed on-screen viewing of the entire one-line all at one time. EasyPower lets you choose exactly how much of your one-line to show at any given time with its powerful and flexible Zoom capability. You can zoom out to 0.1% and zoom in to 500%.
Using Mouse Spin wheel to Zoom In and Out A convenient way to zoom in and out is to use the spin wheel of the Microsoft Mouse. Spinning the wheel upward will zoom in and spinning down will zoom out. Move the cursor to the area you wish to zoom in before spinning the wheel. This will keep the area that you desire to see, at the center of the screen.
Zoom Slider bar The bottom right part of the EasyPower window has a slider bar for controlling the zoom percentage.
Customizing the Toolbar 1. Click on the
pull down arrow at the very right side of the Toolbar.
2. Choose Add or Remove Buttons DB Edit.
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Customizing Toolbar
3. Check the desired toolbar buttons on the right.
Choosing a Specific Zoom Factor If you choose the Zoom Zoom Custom… command from the ribbon, you will get a dialog box that lets you set a specific zoom factor. You can either choose from "200%", "100%", "75%", "50%", or you can choose "Custom" and enter a specific number.
Zoom Dialog Box
Seeing Your Entire One-line If you choose
from the ribbon (View Zoom Out Full command from the menu), the
view will be zoomed out just far enough to show your entire one-line diagram. Another way to do this is to use the Zoom box described in “Using Toolbar Zoom Button” or the mouse
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Making One-line Diagrams
spin wheel to "zoom out" until the box shows "Out Full." Releasing the mouse button with that label displayed is the same as choosing the View Zoom Out Full command from the menu.
Zooming In on a Portion of the System While a zoomed-out view may show the overall one-line, there is usually not enough detail available to do much editing. The easiest way to zoom in on an area of interest is to choose Zoom pull down menu on the ribbon and or View Zoom Area from the Menu bar. A rubber band box cursor for indicating which area of the one-line to zoom in on will appear.
Zooming In and Out 1.5x To zoom out 1.5x, just choose want to zoom back in choose
(View (View
Zoom Out 1.5X from the Menu bar). When you Zoom In 1.5x from the Menu bar).
Getting Back to the Previous Zoom Scale Whenever you change to a new zoom scale, EasyPower keeps the previous zoom scale in memory. Click on the Zoom pull down menu and choose button (View Zoom Restore from the Menu bar) to return to the previous zoom scale.
Moving Around On the One-line A zoomed-up view of the system's one-line is a viewport into the entire system. You can move that viewport around in a number of ways. Many of them use a Scroll bar.
Using the Scroll bar
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The Snap Grid 73
The Scroll arrows are the buttons at each end of a Scroll bar. Clicking on a Scroll arrow once will cause the viewport to move one unit in that direction. Holding down the mouse button will cause the viewport to move until you release it. Pressing one of the keyboard's arrow keys has the same effect as clicking on the corresponding Scroll arrows.
Somewhere between the two Scroll arrows, you will see a square "button" called the Thumb. This shows you where your viewport is relative to the entire one-line. To rapidly move a large distance on the one-line, drag the Thumb to the section you want to view.
If you click in the space between the Thumb and a Scroll arrow, the one-line's viewport will scroll approximately one screen full in that direction. There will be a small overlap to help you keep your bearings. Pressing the Page Up or Page Down keys on the keyboard has the same effect as clicking between the vertical scrollbar's Thumb and Scroll arrow.
Alternative Methods of Scrolling Here are some other ways to scroll around the one-line.
To scroll to the upper-left corner of the one-line, press the Home keyboard key.
To scroll to the lower-right corner of the one-line, press the End keyboard key.
To scroll directly to one of the edges of the available drawing space, hold the Ctrl key down while you press one of the arrow keys on the keyboard.
Auto-Scrolling works for any operation that requires a press-slide-release of the left mouse button. The view will automatically scroll if you "bump" the edge of the window with the cursor.
The Snap Grid During the creation or modification of an EasyPower one-line, you may find it helpful to use the built-in snap grid. The grid is similar to graph paper except that instead of showing the grid with intersecting lines, EasyPower marks the imaginary line intersections with small dots on the screen. These dots are called gridpoints.
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The Snap Grid 74
Snap Grid with Visibility Turned On
When you are dragging items on your one-line, the dynamic image snaps to those gridpoints. This helps you line things up with each other, creating a more readable, consistent, and attractive one-line. Turning the snap grid on will only affect future operations. It does not disturb one-line items you have already positioned unless you drag them.
SmartGrid™ You may already be familiar with grids, since they are implemented in all major CAD systems. However, EasyPower takes the grid one step farther with a concept we call SmartGrid. Since EasyPower "knows" that its database items represent a power system oneline, it can intelligently snap between gridpoints if appropriate. For example, in the following one-line section we want to drag the line connecting the right leg of the transformer so that it becomes a single line segment rather than two line segments connected by a "jog". Ordinarily this would require you to turn off the grid before dragging. But with SmartGrid, EasyPower automatically senses that you might want to stop where the line's segments straighten out, and makes that location one of the places for dynamic graphics to snap to.
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Example Where SmartGrid™ is Helpful
Turning the Grid On and Off There are two ways to turn the grid on and off. One option is to go to the Tools ribbon, click on the drop down menu of Options, then select Show Grid.
Show or hide Grid
Turning Snap to Grid On/Off The snap to grid feature can be turned on or off by going to the Tools ribbon, clicking on the drop down menu of Options, and then select Snap to Grid. The other is to press Function Key F2. Both of these toggle the status of grid snapping only; they don't affect whether or not the grid is actually displayed with dots on the screen. The status bar at the bottom shows the text “SNAP” when the snap feature is on.
Adding Items to the One-line Editing such as selection and dragging are done with the arrow cursor. When you click on one of the items of the Equipment Palette, the cursor will turn into that item. For example, when you click on the Equipment Palette button, the cursor will change to motor symbol. Every time you click the left mouse button, EasyPower will put a motor on the oneline. After you are finished adding motors, click on the palette button or press the Esc key on the keyboard to get back the normal cursor. Any time a new item is created, it is given a unique ID name composed of the item type followed by a number. For example, if you add a Bus, the ID name might be "BUS-12".
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You can change the ID name at any time as described in the section “Equipment With Two or Three Connections”.
Buses The central equipment type of every one-line is the bus. A bus defines the connection point for two or more pieces of equipment. Equipment items which are not yet connected to a bus are highlighted in red. To add a bus to the one-line, click on the
equipment palette button. The cursor will
change to the shape of a bus as you move off the palette. Click the left mouse button where you want the bus to be positioned in the drawing area. You can continue adding buses in this way until you press the Esc key or click on another palette button. Buses can be lengthened or shortened by dragging one end with the right mouse button. Though there is a default size when a bus is placed on the one-line, the bus can be shrunk down all the way to a single dot or “node”.
Shrinking buses to nodes
Setting Bus kV When you add a bus to the one-line, you must provide the kV of that bus before you can attach anything to it. You can either set a default kV ahead of time (before adding the bus to the one-line) by choosing Tools Equipment Bus, and specifying the base kV, or you can set it afterwards by double clicking on the bus to bring up its data base dialog box.
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EasyPower also allows you to set the kV of more than one bus at a time by using Copy and Paste as described in "Copying an Item's Database Information" on pages 88 and 91.
Changing Bus Area and Zone Area numbers are used to uniquely define different areas of the electrical system. These areas can then be used for creating specific text reports from analysis operations that represent subsets of the system. For example, typical paper plant areas may be the power house (Area 1), caustic plant (Area 2), pulp mill (Area 3), and paper machine (Area 4). Area numbers are positive integers between 1 and 999. Zones are simply sub-areas. This allows even more specific reporting. You may wish to define the pulp mill as Area 3 and the digester electrical equipment as Zone 2. Specific reports can then be generated for this combination without including the entire pulp mill or the other digesters. Zone numbers are positive integers between 1 and 999. To change the Area or Zone of a bus, you can double-click on the bus to bring up its database dialog box, then change the number there. Alternatively, you may select many buses and choose from the ribbon, Change Bus Area-Zone. This brings up a dialog box that lets you specify an area and zone to be assigned to each of the selected buses.
Change Bus Area/Zone Dialog Box
New Area: Area number to assign to selected buses. Specify zero to leave the Area unchanged.
New Zone: Zone number to assign to selected buses. Specify zero to leave the Zone unchanged.
Equipment With One Connection Motors, loads, generators, utilities, capacitors, and shunts are placed on the one-line by choosing the appropriate palette button and clicking the left mouse button when the cursor symbol's leader is on top of the desired bus. The symbol will snap to the bus. If there is not a bus under the symbol's leader, the item is highlighted red indicating it is unconnected. You
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Adding Items to the One-line 78
can connect it later by dragging the symbol as described in the section "Equipment With Two or Three Connections". If you try to connect a piece of equipment to a bus whose base kV has not been specified, a message box “Set Bus Base kV” pops up. The new equipment will be connected only after you specify the base kV and press the OK button. If you press the Cancel button, the equipment will not be attached.
Set Bus Base kV message
Equipment With Two or Three Connections Transformers and current limiting reactors are placed on the one-line by choosing the appropriate palette button and clicking the left mouse button when the cursor symbol's leader is on top of the desired bus. The symbol will snap to the bus with the remaining leaders turning red to indicate a disconnected state. If there is no bus under any of the symbol's leaders, the entire item will show up red since it is completely unconnected. You can continue adding items by clicking until you click on the
Palette button or press
the Esc key. Once you get back to the arrow cursor, you can drag each item to its secondary bus for connection. Drag the symbol so that the unconnected leader is on top of a bus, release the left mouse button, and the symbol will attach to the bus.
Adding a Two-Winding Transformer
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Making One-line Diagrams
Lines Between Buses When cables, transmission lines, and busways are chosen from the palette, the cursor becomes a crosshair. Put the crosshair on the desired bus and press the left mouse button down (but don't release it yet). This sets one end of the line. Now drag the crosshair to the other bus and release the mouse button to set the other end of the line. Until you choose another item or go back to the arrow cursor, you can set as many lines as you wish.
Adding a Cable
Long cables, transmission lines, and busway can be shown as short lines hanging from a bus with the opposite bus labeled on the one-line. This is useful when a line stretches across the one-line and it would take extra work to make room for it. Condensed lines are created by unchecking the “Show Entire Line” checkbox in the line database dialog boxes. You can resize a condensed line on the one-line.
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Condensed Line
Feeder Breakers and Switches A feeder breaker goes between a bus and a piece of equipment. When you choose a voltage breaker or switch from the equipment palette, the mouse cursor will turn into the shape of the chosen item, just like it does for adding other types of equipment. To insert a breaker or switch into a line (e.g. a cable, or the line between a transformer and its bus), click the mouse while the cursor is on top of that line near a bus. If you miss, the breaker will be red, and you will not be able to drag it to the line. It will snap to the bus as a tie breaker, so you will have to delete it and try again.
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Adding a Feeder Breaker
Breaker names and/or data can be displayed on the one-line. Choose Tools Text Visibility.
Options
Breaker Data Checked in Text Visibility
Bus Tie Breakers and Switches A bus tie breaker or switch goes between two buses rather than between a bus and a piece of equipment. Click on the
palette button.
Place the breaker by positioning the breaker cursor's top leader on the right end of the bottom middle bus and clicking (see picture). The breaker will automatically attach to the bus. If
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you miss (the breaker doesn't connect and stays all red), just drag the symbol into position after you get back to the arrow cursor. Take the cursor over the breaker and click the right mouse button. Edit options will appear as shown in the figure above. From the edit options, choose Rotate 90°. The breaker orientation will change from vertical to horizontal. At the same time the connection type of the breaker will change from feeder breaker to bus tie breaker. Using the left mouse button, drag the tie breaker's remaining leader to the bottom right bus. After it connects, drag the tie breaker's symbol to be centered between the two buses. Once the tie breaker is connected to buses on both sides, the Rotate command will only change the orientation in the one line diagram, and remain as a tie breaker.
Adding a Tie Breaker
Only one tie breaker per bus is allowed. However, you can model ring buses or breaker and a half schemes by using a breaker inserted into a short section of busway instead of a tie breaker.
Connecting an MCC to an MCC There may be instances when you would want to connect an MCC to an MCC, a Panel Schedule to a Panel Schedule, or a Panel Schedule to an MCC. MCC and Panel items are modeled as buses. Therefore you can connect them with cables, busways or transformers.
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Connecting an MCC to another MCC
MCC-2 can be specified as a “Sub MCC” that feeds off MCC-1. In the Description tab of the upstream MCC dialog, set the Load Type as Sub-MCC. Then select the cable or transformer that feeds the sub-MCC in the column Sub-Line. Then select the ID Name of the sub-MCC in the Sub-MCC column. You can then specify the protective device and settings through the Data... button.
Auto-Insertion of Buses You can directly add equipment to another without inserting a bus first. EasyPower creates a bus between the two equipment you are attempting to interconnect together.
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Auto-insertion of buses
Notes EasyPower Notes are used to annotate your one-line with arbitrary text information. For details on how to enter and edit notes, see "Notes (Free Text) on One-line" on page 91.
Setting Default Equipment Values You can set default values for various equipment ahead of inserting new items. This will save time for common items. To set default equipment values choose in the ribbon, Tools Equipment, and then choose the desired equipment (Format Equipment Defaults in the menu and the desired equipment). The equipment data dialog box will appear. You may enter whatever values you need as default data. You may edit the data of any particular device if it needs to be different from the default setting, by double clicking on the equipment in the oneline and making changes in the equipment data dialog box.
Setting default equipment values
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Item Selection 85
Item Selection Many EasyPower operations require you to select one or more items in the database first. For example, choosing Delete button (Edit Delete from the Menu bar), will delete those one-line items which you selected before issuing the command. By default, the color indicating a selected state is green, but this can be changed in Tools Options Color. Choosing [Ctrl]+[A] on the keyboard or by choosing in the ribbon Find-Select Select All (Edit Select All from the Menu bar) will select all items in an active one-line or an entire text report.
Selecting With the Mouse The simplest way to select an item is to move the arrow cursor over the item and click the left mouse button. To select all the items in a region, press-slide-&release with the left mouse button. A rubber band rectangle will show the region as you move the mouse. Making a new selection automatically unselects any previous items. You can make additional selections without unselecting anything, by holding down the Shift key or the Ctrl key while you are selecting more items.
Deselecting an Item from a Group If you accidentally select an item while selecting a group of items, you can deselect the item by simply holding down the [Shift] key and clicking on the item with the left mouse button.
Selecting By an Item's ID Name Choose
on the ribbon (Edit
Find from the Menu bar), and a dialog box will appear
asking for the type and ID name of the item you want to select.
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Find Item Dialog Box
In this example, we are selecting a Bus with the ID name of “BUS-4”. First, select the Item Type, by clicking on the desired equipment. Only those equipment present in the one-line will be displayed. After you select “Bus”, the combo box labeled “ID Name of Item to Find” will contain the ID names of all the available buses in the one-line. Select the desired ID name from the combo box. When you press OK, the item with a matching ID name will be selected. If necessary, EasyPower will automatically scroll so that the selected item is visible in the window. To select the item without automatically unselecting everything else first, check the Additive Select box.
Query Choosing Find-Select pull down menu from the ribbon and then Query (Edit Query from the Menu bar) will bring up a dialog box so you can select multiple items which match certain criteria.
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Query Dialog Box This dialog gives you the following choices.
Item Types to Consider: Only item types you have checked here will be considered for selection.
Region to Consider: To control the scope of items that EasyPower considers for selection, choose "Entire One-line," "Current Window," or "Inside Box." If "Inside Box," is chosen, a box cursor appears after clicking OK. Use that cursor to indicate the box with a press-sliderelease of the left mouse button.
Output: Choose "Item Selection" to have the items highlighted on the one-line, or "Text" to have those items listed on a Query text report.
ID Name Contains: To select only items with certain characters in their names, type those characters here. If this field is left blank, the ID names will not be considered for selection purposes. In this field, there are some special characters that can be used. For Note items, the actual note text is considered.
Note: Entering the Database Edit focus will clear any existing analysis results.
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Getting an Item's Database Dialog Box To open the dialog for any equipment, double-click on the item (select the item and then choose Edit Selected Item from the Menu bar). The appropriate database edit dialog box will come up with your chosen piece of equipment as the current item. When you are finished, close the dialog box with the OK button, and you will return to the one-line. If you have not filled out all of the necessary fields, you will receive a message asking if you want to save what you have entered. This message can be turned off in the dialog accessed by choosing Tools Options General. If you want to specify the information for multiple items of the same type, the fastest way is to use Copy and Paste as described in "Copying an Item's Database Information" on pages 88 and 91.
Example Database Dialog Box
Copying an Item's Database Information First select the item you want to copy from, then choose
button in the ribbon (Edit
Copy from the Menu bar). This will take the selected item's data and place it on the EasyPower clipboard. Then select the items you want to copy the information to. Recall that you can select more than one by holding down the Shift or Ctrl key down when you select
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Making One-line Diagrams
additional items. Finally, choose
or Edit
Paste from the Menu bar. This will take the
data stored on the EasyPower clipboard and apply it to the currently selected items while leaving the ID name and bus connection information undisturbed. Note that the data is still on the EasyPower clipboard, so you can repeat the select-paste operations for as many items as desired.
Entering Item Data Using Tables An EasyPower database can be edited according to separate equipment tables. For example, you can edit all buses from the same database edit dialog box. When the dialog box for a particular equipment table comes up, you are presented with one database item at a time. Database edit dialog boxes have their own Toolbars to help you move around in the table, add, copy, and delete items, and so forth. When you are finished editing a database table, click on the OK button to close the dialog box.
Database Dialog Toolbar
Database Dialog Box Toolbar
Moving Around in the Table When a Table dialog box is opened, it will show the item you were editing the last time that dialog box was open. At the left end of the dialog box's toolbar, there are four movement buttons: , , , and . These buttons let you move to other items in the Table which are listed according to the alphabetical order of their ID names.
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Any changes you make to an item's data in the dialog box will be made permanent when you do one of the following: Move to a different item in the table. Close the table by choosing OK. Note that if you close the table with Cancel, the changes you made to the current item will be discarded. However, changes made to other items while the dialog box was in use are retained.
Resetting Changes Made to the Current Item Clicking on the Toolbar's
button will restore the current item's database fields to what
they were when you opened it and before you started making changes. Once you choose OK or move to a different item, those changes are made permanent and cannot be reset.
Deleting an Item Using Its Database Dialog Box Use the dialog's
toolbar button to delete the current item.
Adding a New Item To add a new item, click on the dialog's
Toolbar button. A new item will be presented
with default values already filled in except for certain dialog box fields that you must fill in before doing an analysis. Note that any time a new item is created, it will be given a unique ID name composed of the item type followed by a number. For example, if you add a Cable, the default ID name might be "C-24". You can change this name any time you want by typing a new one in the ID Name field of the dialog box.
Duplicating the Current Item To make an exact copy of the current item, click on the dialog's
Toolbar button. The new
item will be an exact copy. Then you can type in a new unique ID name and change the connect (e.g. "From" and "To" buses) unless you want it to be connected to the same buses as the one it was copied from.
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Copying Another Item's Database Information Bring up the database edit dialog box on the item you want to copy data from. Click on the dialog's Toolbar button to take the current item's data and places it on the EasyPower clipboard. Bring up the database edit dialog box for the destination item or click on the dialog's Toolbar button to create a new item. (The destination item's type must match the source item's type.) Finally, click on the dialog's
Toolbar button. This will take the data
stored on the EasyPower clipboard and apply it to the current item.
Connecting an Item Using Its Database Dialog Box To specify connectivity between an item and the buses it is attached to, type the bus names in the item's database edit dialog box or choose it from the drop down list. Note that it is easier to establish connections using the dynamic one-line diagram as described in "Adding Items to the One-line" on page 75. You must establish bus connections before you will be allowed to OK the dialog box.
Activating/Deactivating an Item Using Its Database Dialog Box Each database edit dialog box for a piece of equipment comes with a Status On/Off radio button field. Make the appropriate item current, then click On or Off as desired to activate or deactivate that item. Inactive items remain in the database, but are ignored for any analysis operation.
Notes (Free Text) on One-line EasyPower Notes are used to annotate your one-line with arbitrary text information. They are very flexible in their font, size, style, border, and colors, rivaling the capabilities of most CAD systems. Notes can optionally include leaders that point to specific locations on the one-line.
Adding a Note To add a Note to your one-line diagram, choose
in the Equipment Palette toolbox (Insert
Note from the Menu bar). The rubber band box cursor will appear. Indicate a Note outline box on the one-line with a press-slide-release of the left mouse button. Don't worry
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too much about getting the box "just right" when you first indicate it; the size, shape, and location are very easy to change later. Inside the Note outline, you will see a flashing insertion cursor similar to that of a word processor. You may type up to 325 characters, and there is no need to press the Enter key at the end of a line; the program automatically "wraps" to the next line when needed. However, if you want to force a new line somewhere, use Ctrl-Enter to insert a carriage return. When you click outside the Note, the outline disappears and your Note is done.
Editing the Contents of a Note To edit the text in a Note, first select the note by clicking somewhere inside the Note text. You will see the outline box, but not the flashing insertion cursor. Click again near where you want to change the text, and you will see the flashing insertion cursor like you had when the Note was first created. You can also click on an unselected note with the right mouse button and choose Edit from the menu. Make your changes using the Windows editing keys, which includes Left, Right, Up, Down (Arrow keys), Home, End, and Delete. While editing a Note, use Ctrl-X for Cut, Ctrl-C for Copy, and Ctrl-V for Paste. Or you can use the editing menu that comes up when you click the right mouse button.
Dragging and Resizing a Note Just like any other one-line item, you drag a Note with a press-slide-release of the left mouse button. During the dragging procedure, the Note's position is represented by a simple box. To select a Note for resizing, click anywhere in the text and you will see the outline box. You can drag the eight handles (small squares at the box corners and sides) to change the size and shape of the Note's outline box. The words in your Note will be automatically reformatted to fill the new space. If you make the outline box too small you will not be able to see all of the Note. Please see "Text Size and TrueType" on page 94 for an important discussion of how TrueType affects the right-hand side of text.
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Deleting a Note To delete a Note, select it by either clicking on it once or by including it with the items selected using a rubber rectangle. Delete it using from the ribbon (Edit Delete from the Menu bar) or the Delete keyboard key. If you clicked on the Note twice and have the flashing insertion cursor, the Delete key will erase the character to the right of the cursor. If your intent is to delete the entire Note, click outside the outline box, then click on the Note just once to select it. Now, you will be able to use the Delete key, or right mouse click between the outline box and the dashed box, and choose Delete from the menu.
Adding a Note With a Leader To add a Note which specifically points to something on your one-line, choose
button or
Edit Add Note With Leader from the Menu bar. Your first point (mouse button down) will set the terminator at the target location, and the second point (mouse button up) will set the initial location of the Note outline box. You can drag and resize the Note's outline box later as described in "Dragging and Resizing a Note". When the Note is selected, you will see an additional handle at the leader's terminator. Use press-slide-release of the mouse to drag this handle and change the target location.
Changing Note Properties Note properties are the various visual parameters that apply to an EasyPower Note. For example, the font, size, and color are some of the properties you can set. A Note's properties apply to all of the characters in that Note. Double-click on the Note to bring up the Note Properties dialog box. If the flashing insertion cursor is already showing, double-click on the outline box or right click on the outline box and choose the Properties command from the context menu. Alternatively, you can select the Note and choose the Format Note… command from the Menu bar. If you choose Format Note… with multiple Notes selected, the changes you make will be applied to all of them. Any properties that are the same among all of the selected Notes will be filled into the appropriate dialog box field as defaults. Those properties that are different will show a blank field. If you leave such dialog fields alone, those properties will be left unchanged in the selected Notes. If you change any of the blank fields, those properties will be applied to all of the selected Notes.
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If you choose Format Note… when there are no notes selected, you will set the default properties for Notes that are not yet created. (Notice the dialog box is now titled Default Note Properties.) These default settings are saved on the computer. For information on specific settings, see "Note Properties".
Selecting Many Notes At Once To select many Notes in one operation, click from the ribbon the drop down for Find-Select and choose Query (Edit Query from the Menu bar). You can optionally search for Notes that contain specific text, and you can restrict the region of the one-line to view. See "" on page 86 for more information.
Text Size and TrueType EasyPower supports Windows TrueType fonts for its text display. This makes it possible for EasyPower to display text many times faster than traditional CAD programs, since those programs display text stroke-by-stroke. In comparison, EasyPower can blast out an entire TrueType character in one operation. The big advantage of using TrueType is speed. However, there is one characteristic of Windows TrueType that you should be aware of. When EasyPower is ready to display text, it tells Windows that it needs a screen font of a certain size. Windows responds by scaling the chosen font in order to satisfy the size requirements. However, since TrueType font size rounds to the nearest point, the on-screen text might be a slightly different actual size relative to surrounding lines and symbols. (A point, used to measure font height in the printing industry, is approximately 0.014 inches.) Height-wise, this difference is unnoticeable. In the width, however, the slight difference accumulates over the entire text string. This can make the text wider or narrower for different zoom factors, especially for long text like "This motor is on-line during day shift only."
Long text string viewed at 100%
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EasyPower positions text with the upper-left corner. So while that corner will remain fixed relative to lines and symbols, the end location of a text string is less predictable.
Same text string viewed at 30% -- notice overlap
You can minimize the impact of this TrueType characteristic by keeping the right-hand side of text away from lines and symbols. In other words, don't nestle text up to symbols on the right. Also, shorter lines of text will be less affected than longer lines.
Shorter lines of text, not nestled up to symbol, viewed at 100%
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Same text string viewed at 30% -- overlap gone
Note Properties
Appearance tab of Note Properties Dialog Box
If you choose Format Note… from the Menu bar when there are no Notes selected, you set the default properties for notes that are not yet created. (Notice the dialog box is now titled Default Note Properties). These default settings are saved with the database file.
Text Settings
Text Color: The color of the text inside the box. The dialog box field shows you the name of the color, along with a rectangle giving a sample of that color.
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Background Color: The color inside the outline box. For example, you might want to flag a "warning" note with a red background. Be careful not to set the Text Color to be the same as the Background Color, or the text will be invisible.
Note Margin: The amount of space, in inches, to reserve around the Note text. This setting makes the most sense when the Note has a border. Border Settings
Style: You can choose to have your Note text surrounded by nothing (None), a Box, or a Rounded Box.
Color: If you do choose to have a border, this is the color it will be. If this particular note has a leader, the leader will also be this color.
Weight: How bold to make the border line. You can choose from five weights, which are shown in the drop down menu for this field. Visibility Visible in Which Focus: Which EasyPower focus the Note should be visible in. For existing Notes, your choices are "All", "Database Edit", "Short Circuit", and "Power Flow". You can check as many as desired, or check "All" to have it visible in each focus. For Notes not yet created, your choices are "Each Focus" or "Current Focus Only". Note visibility can be changed later by selecting the Note and then choosing Tools Note Properties, even if the Note is invisible. (You will be asked if you want the operation to apply to any invisible Notes that are selected.)
Leader Properties The "Leader Properties" dialog box comes up if you click on the Leader tab in the Note Properties dialog box. If your Note Properties dialog box is for default notes (see "Changing Note Properties" on page 93) you will be setting properties for Leaders not yet created, and the Include Leader field will not be visible.
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Leader tab of Note Properties Dialog Box
This dialog box gives you the following choices:
Include Leader: This box is checked if you want a leader on your Note so that it can refer to something specific on the one-line. If you check this box on a Note that was originally added without a leader, the target point will be set to an arbitrary location and you will want to drag into position later. See "Adding a Note With a Leader" on page 93 for details.
Start Location: Though the leader will start from the side, you can choose where on the side, at the "Top", "Center", or "Bottom" of the text. If the choice is "Top", the leader is aligned with the first line of text. If the choice is "Bottom", the leader is aligned with the last line of text.
Start Side: You can choose "From Left" which forces the leader to start at the left side of the text, "From Right" which forces the leader to start on the right side of the text, or "Auto" which determines automatically whether to go left or right depending on the location of the target point.
Start Length: The length of the horizontal line segment which starts the leader, expressed in inches.
Angle of Leader Line: After the initial horizontal segment, you can have the main leader line be constrained to a certain angle. This makes it possible to have a consistent appearance from one Note to the next.
Terminator Style: How you want the leader to end. The choices are shown graphically in the drop down menu.
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Terminator Size Factor: Each leader terminator style has a default size. You can modify that size by applying a size factor other than 1.0. For example, if you want an arrowhead to be twice as big as the default, you would enter "2.0" in this field. This factor is applied to both the length and width of the terminator; thus the shape is preserved.
Terminator Width Factor: Each leader terminator style has a default shape. You can modify that shape by applying a width factor other than 1.0. For example, if you want an arrowhead to be twice as wide as the default shape would be, you would enter "2.0" in this field.
Note Fonts EasyPower offers a large number of Fonts with the ability to vary sizes and styles so you can customize your notes just the way you like them. The dialog accessed by choosing Tools Note Fonts looks very similar to the dialog box accessed by choosing Tools Options Fonts.
Font tab of Note Properties Dialog Box
Here you choose the Font, Style and Size of the text in the selected note. If no notes are selected these will be the default settings for any notes created later.
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Inserting Box in One-line You can insert a box in the one-line by choosing the button
from the Equipment Palette
toolbox (Insert Box from the menu). The first click of the mouse defines the top left corner of the box. While holding the mouse button down, drag the mouse to define the bottom right corner of the box. You can edit the box size by clicking on it to select it and dragging the sides or corner. To format the box properties, double click on the box edge. The Box Properties dialog will appear, in which you can set the Style, Color and Weight of the edges of the box. You can also insert a box using the Insert Note command. However, you cannot type any text inside the box you create with Insert Box command.
Box Properties dialog
Style: You can select from the following: Box: Single line, sharp corners. Rounded Box: Single line, rounded corners. Double Box: Double line, sharp corners. Color: You can select the desired color from the palette. Weight: You can select the desired thickness of the box.
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Styles: (a) Box; (b) Rounded Box; (c) Double Box
Inserting Picture in One-line To insert a picture in one-line, select the button
from the Equipment Palette toolbox
(from the menu, Insert Picture), and select the file that has the picture. The picture file format can be .bmp, .gif, .tif, .jpg, .png, .wmf, .ico, or .emf. Double clicking on an inserted picture allows you to specify it as On Top, On Bottom or Set As Background. You can also insert pictures to TCC plots.
Picture Properties
Moving and Copying Groups of Items EasyPower has the ability to move and copy large groups of items on the one-line by dragging that group dynamically on the screen.
Group Move You move groups of items by dragging them with the left mouse button. 1. Select items to move. 2. When you bring the cursor arrow close to the selected items, a four-headed arrow will appear. Click the left mouse button and drag to move the items. As long as the four-headed arrow appears, you can drag the items anywhere you like. 3. After you move the items to the desired location, click anywhere in the one line where the four-headed arrow does not appear. The items will be deselected.
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All connectivity is retained during a move. The results are identical to what you would see if you could somehow manually move each of the buses and items the exact same direction and distance.
Group Copy 1. Select items to copy. 2. Choose
button from the ribbon (Edit
Copy from the Menu bar), which is
available only from the Database focus. Alternatively, you could press the keys [Ctrl]+[C] from the keyboard. 3. Choose
button (Edit
Paste from the Menu bar), also available only from the Database
focus. Alternatively, you could press the keys [Ctrl]+[V] from the keyboard. 4. Set the copy's position by clicking anywhere outside the group's bounding rectangle or pressing the Enter key Any connections to other items in the same selection group are retained in the copied items. Connections to items outside the group end up as "unconnected".
Copying Subsystems Often, Group Copying is used to create new subsystems in your one-line by starting with one that already exists. You might want the names of the new subsystems to mirror the names in the original one, with some minor change. For example, suppose you have names of "T5/9927", "T5/9928", "T5/9929", etc. and you want their respective copies to have the names "T6/9927", "T6/9928", "T6/9929", etc. for the first copy, "T7/9927", "T7/9928", "T7/9929", etc. for the second copy, and so forth. One way to accomplish that is: 1. Choose "Alphabetic" for the variable text type in the dialog box accessed by choosing Tools Options Clipboard, and then choose some unique character like "%" for the prefix. 2. Select the system you want, and use Copy and then Paste to produce the subsystem. After the copy is done, you will have names like "T5/9927%A", "T5/9928%A", "T5/9929%A", etc., "T5/9927%B", "T5/9928%B", "T5/9929%B", etc. 3. Select the items in the first subsystem and choose Change
button from the ribbon, and
then choose ID Name (Edit Change ID Name from the Menu bar). Use "T5/" for the Replace these characters field and "T6/" for the With these characters field.
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4. Select the items in the second subsystem and repeat, except use "T7/" for the With these characters field. 5. Select all of the subsystems together and use "%*>" for the Replace these characters field, and nothing (no characters) for the With these characters field. This will delete the "%A", "%B", etc. characters from the names, leaving only names like "T6/9927", "T6/9928", "T6/9929", etc. for the first copy, "T7/9927", "T7/9928", "T7/9929", for the second copy, and so forth.
Grouping One-line Items Items in the one-line can be grouped to form a single graphical object. After items are grouped they can be selected with a single click, moved, copied and pasted all at once. To group items, first select the items. Right mouse click on the one-line space. Select Grouping Group from the context menu.
Grouping one-line items
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Ways to Change ID Names ID names can be up to 16 characters long. There are three ways of modifying ID names in the database. 1. To change a single name with that item's database edit dialog box, double-click on the item and type a new ID name in its ID Name field. 2. Specify names used by Group Copy in the dialog box accessed by choosing Tools Options Clipboard, see "Moving and Copying Groups of Items" on page 101. 3. To change ID names of multiple items already in the database, first select the items you want to modify. Then, use the dialog box accessed by choosing Change ribbon, and then choosing ID Name (Edit
button from the
Change ID Name from the Menu bar).
Change ID Name Choosing Change
button from the ribbon, and then choosing ID Name (Edit
Change ID Name from the Menu bar) will bring up the following dialog box:
Change ID Name Dialog Box
This dialog gives you the following choices.
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Change ID For These Types Only: No matter what item types are in the current selection, only item types you have checked here will be modified. Replacement Type: If you choose "Generate unique name", each selected item will receive an automatically-generated unique name that is based on the item type and the next number in sequence. For example, if the last transformer you added had the name "TX-15", the first changed transformer will get the name "TX-16". The new name is not based on the item's current name. If you choose "Character replacement", the ID names are modified according to the information in the Replace these characters...With these characters" dialog fields. Replace these characters: Type the characters that you want to replace with different characters. For example, if you have a group of items with ID names of T5/99NL-1, T5/99NL-2, T5/99NL-3, etc. and you want to change them to T5/97MP-1, T5/97MP-2, T5/97MP-3, etc.; you would type "99NL-" as the characters to replace. In this field, there are special characters you can use. (Do not use ,?,*, or \ in the With these characters field, since they have no special meaning there.) Beginning of name (
