TÜRK STANDARDLARI ENSTİTÜSÜ
Türk Standardı TS EN ISO 13857 Aralık 2019 EN ISO 13857:2009 yerine
ICS 13.110
Makinalarda güvenlik- Kol ve bacakların ulaşabileceği bölgelerde tehlikenin önlenmesi için güvenlik mesafeleri (ISO 13857:2019) Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs Sécurité des machines - Distances de sécurité empêchant les membres supérieurs et inférieurs d'atteindre les zones dangereuses (ISO 13857:2019) Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsabstände gegen das Erreichen von Gefährdungsbereichen mit den oberen und unteren Gliedmaßen (ISO 13857:2019)
TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12 ICS 13.110
TÜRK STANDARDI
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12 EN 13857:2019
Milli Önsöz Bu standard, CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery-Makina Güvenlik Teknik Komitesi tarafından hazırlanmış, CEN tarafından 06.10.2019 tarihinde onaylanmış ve Türk Standardları Enstitüsü Teknik Kurulu'nun 16.12.2019 tarihli toplantısında Türk Standardı olarak kabul edilerek yayımına karar verilmiştir. Bu standardda kullanılan bazı kelimeler ve/veya ifadeler patent haklarına konu olabilir. Böyle bir patent hakkının belirlenmesi durumunda TSE sorumlu tutulamaz. Bu standard yayınlandığında EN ISO 13857:2009 standardının yerini alır. Almanya, Avusturya, Belçika, Birleşik Krallık, Bulgaristan, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Danimarka, Estonya, Finlandiya, Fransa, Hırvatistan, Hollanda, İrlanda, İspanya, İsveç, İsviçre, İtalya, İzlanda, Kıbrıs, Letonya, Litvanya, Lüksemburg, Macaristan, Makedonya, Malta, Norveç, Polonya, Portekiz, Romanya, Sırbistan, Slovakya, Slovenya, Türkiye ve Yunanistan'ın millî standard kuruluşlarıdır.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019 standardı, EN 13857:2019 standardı ile birebir aynı olup, Avrupa Standardizasyon Komitesi 'nin (Rue de la Science 23 B - 1040 Brussels) izniyle basılmıştır. TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN Avrupa Standardlarının herhangi bir şekilde ve herhangi bir yolla tüm kullanım hakları Avrupa Standardizasyon Komitesi (CEN) ve üye OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 ülkelerine aittir. TSETSE'DEN kanalıylaiZiN CEN'den yazılı izin almaksızın çoğaltılamaz. ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
EN ISO 13857
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2019
ICS 13.110
Supersedes EN ISO 13857:2008
English Version
Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019) Sécurité des machines - Distances de sécurité empêchant les membres supérieurs et inférieurs d'atteindre les zones dangereuses (ISO 13857:2019)
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsabstände gegen das Erreichen von Gefährdungsbereichen mit den oberen und unteren Gliedmaßen (ISO 13857:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 October 2019. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels © 2019 CEN
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref. No. EN ISO 13857:2019 E
TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
EN ISO 13857:2019 (E)
Contents
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
Page
European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered .................................................. 4
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TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
EN ISO 13857:2019 (E)
European foreword This document (EN ISO 13857:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 "Safety of machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2020. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 13857:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 13857:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13857:2019 without any modification.
TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
EN ISO 13857:2019 (E)
Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request M/549 COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION C(2016) 5884 final of 21.9.2016 to provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 2006/42/EC
Essential Requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC
Clause(s)/subclause(s) of this EN
1.1.2. Principles of safety integration
Clause 1
1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices
4.2.2.2.
1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices 1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices 1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices 1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices 1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices
4.2.2.1 4.2.3 4.2.4
4.2.4.1 4.2.4.2
1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices
4.2.4.3
1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices
4.3
1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices 1.4.3. Special requirements for protective devices 4
4.2.5 4.4
Remarks/Notes Safety distance for reaching over/under and through Reaching over protective structures Values
Reaching around Reaching through openings
Reaching through regular openings — Persons of 14 years of age and above Reaching through regular openings — persons of 3 years of age and above Openings of irregular shape
Effect of additional protective structures on safety distances Safety distances to prevent access by lower limbs
Consideration of whole body access
TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
EN ISO 13857:2019 (E)
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.
TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 13857 Second edition 2019-10
Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs Sécurité des machines — Distances de sécurité empêchant les membres supérieurs et inférieurs d'atteindre les zones dangereuses
Reference number ISO 13857:2019(E) TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN © ISO 2019 OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
ISO 13857:2019(E)
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2019 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Fax: +41 22 749 09 47 Email:
[email protected] Website: www.iso.org Published in Switzerland
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STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM © ISO 2019 AllTARAFINDAN rights reserved TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. iZNi –TSE OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Contents
Page
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v 1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 2 3 4
Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Safety distances to prevent reach or access by upper and lower limbs....................................................... 2 4.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 4.1.1 Assumptions......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 4.1.2 Risk assessment................................................................................................................................................................. 2 4.2 Safety distances to prevent access by upper limbs................................................................................................... 3 4.2.1 Reaching upwards........................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.2.2 Reaching over protective structures................................................................................................................ 4 4.2.3 Reaching around............................................................................................................................................................... 6 4.2.4 Reaching through openings..................................................................................................................................... 8 4.2.5 Effect of additional protective structures on safety distances............................................... 10 4.3 Safety distances to prevent access by lower limbs................................................................................................ 11 4.4 Consideration of whole body access.................................................................................................................................. 13
Annex A (informative) Use of Tables 1 and 2 with intermediate values........................................................................14 Annex B (informative) Distances to impede free access by lower limbs.......................................................................18 Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 20
© ISO 2019 – AllSTANDARDLARININ rights reserved TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN TÜRK BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN
OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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ISO 13857:2019(E)
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso .org/iso/foreword.html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13857:2008) which has been technically revised. The main change compared to the previous edition is that the document has been made more readable and more in line with ISO 12100:2010.
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STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM © ISO 2019 AllTARAFINDAN rights reserved TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. iZNi –TSE OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Introduction The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
a) type-A standards (basic safety standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that can be applied to all machinery; b) type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one safety aspect or one or more type(s) of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
— type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise); — type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure sensitive devices, guards).
c) type-C standards (machine safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines. This document is a type-B1 standard as stated in ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety: — machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.);
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups: — machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs); — service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises); — consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process of this document. In addition, this document is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards. The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.
For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence. One method of eliminating or reducing risks caused by machinery is to make use of safety distances preventing hazard zones from being reached by the upper and lower limbs. In specifying safety distances, a number of aspects need to be taken into consideration, such as: — reach situations occurring when machinery is being used;
— reliable surveys of anthropometric data, taking into account population groups likely to be found in the countries concerned; — biomechanical factors, such as compression and stretching of parts of the body and limits of joint rotation; — technical and practical aspects; and
© ISO 2019 – AllSTANDARDLARININ rights reserved TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN TÜRK BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN
OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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ISO 13857:2019(E)
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
— additional measures for particular groups of persons (e.g. persons with special needs), which can be required due to a deviation from the specified body dimensions.
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STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM © ISO 2019 AllTARAFINDAN rights reserved TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. iZNi –TSE OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs 1 Scope This document establishes values for safety distances in both industrial and non-industrial environments to prevent machinery hazard zones being reached. The safety distances are appropriate for protective structures. It also gives information about distances to impede free access by the lower limbs (see Annex B).
This document covers people of 14 years and older (the 5th percentile stature of 14-year-olds is approximately 1 400 mm). In addition, for upper limbs only, it provides information for children older than 3 years (5th percentile stature of 3-year-olds is approximately 900 mm) where reaching through openings needs to be addressed. NOTE 1 It is not practical to specify safety distances for all persons. Therefore, the values presented are intended to cover the 95th percentile of the population.
Data for preventing lower limb access for children is not considered.
The distances apply when sufficient risk reduction can be achieved by distance alone. Because safety distances depend on size, some people of extreme dimensions will still be able to reach hazard zones even when the requirements of this document are met.
Compliance with the requirements in this document will prevent access to the hazard zone. Nevertheless the user of this document is advised that it does not provide the required risk reduction for every hazard (e.g. hazards related to machine emissions such as ionizing radiation, heat sources, noise, dust). The clauses covering lower limbs apply on their own only when access by the upper limbs to the same hazard zone is not foreseeable according to the risk assessment. The safety distances are intended to protect those persons trying to reach hazard zones under the conditions specified (see 4.1.1).
NOTE 2 This document is not intended to provide measures against reaching a hazard zone by climbing over (see ISO 14120:2015, 5.18).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
© ISO 2019 – AllSTANDARDLARININ rights reserved TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN TÜRK BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN
OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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ISO 13857:2019(E)
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
3.1 protective structure safeguard (e.g. a guard, an impeding device) or other physical obstruction (e.g. a part of a machine) which restricts the movement of the body and/or a part of it in order to prevent reaching hazard zones 3.2 reference plane level at which persons would normally stand during the use of the machine or access to the hazard zone
Note 1 to entry: The reference plane is not necessarily the ground or the floor (for example a working platform can be the reference plane).
3.3 safety distance safe separation distance sr minimum distance a protective structure is required to be placed from a hazard zone
4 Safety distances to prevent reach or access by upper and lower limbs 4.1 General 4.1.1 Assumptions The safety distances in this document have been derived by making the following assumptions: — the protective structures and any openings in them retain their shape and position;
— safety distances are measured from the surface restricting the body or the relevant part of the body; — the body is forced over protective structures or through openings in an attempt to reach the hazard zone; — there is some contact with the reference plane while wearing shoes (use of high-soled shoes, climbing and jumping are not included); — no aids such as chairs or ladders are used to change the reference plane;
— no aids such as rods or tools are used to extend the natural reach of the upper limbs. 4.1.2
Risk assessment
4.1.2.1 General Safety distances are determined if the hazard to be considered has been identified as significant (see ISO 12100:2010, 3.8). All reasonably foreseeable access means shall be taken into account. When the possibility of access or the variety of hazard zones requires the application of more than one table, all safety distances shall be taken into account. When more than one safety distance is determined for the same means of access, the greatest safety distance shall be applied. The safety distances, sr, given in Table 7 apply to persons reaching through openings using the lower limbs in an attempt to reach a hazard zone. 4.1.2.2 Selection of safety distances when reaching upwards and reaching over
Prior to selecting a suitable safety distance in case of reaching upwards (see 4.2.1) or reaching over protective structures (see 4.2.2), it is necessary to consider the severity of harm and the probability of occurrence of this harm caused by the hazard. 2
STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM © ISO 2019 AllTARAFINDAN rights reserved TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. iZNi –TSE OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E)
In case of reaching upwards, the higher value according to 4.2.1.2 shall be applied. In the case of reaching over protective structures, the values of Table 2 shall be applied.
The lower value according to 4.2.1.2 or Table 1 may only be applied where both the severity of harm and the probability of occurrence of harm caused by the hazard are low (see ISO 12100:2010, 5.5.2.3).
The probability of occurrence of harm can be assumed low with, for example, slow movements which allow escape from the hazardous movement. The severity of the harm can be assumed low in the following examples:
— when temperature and contact duration with hot surfaces is below the burn threshold value (for burn threshold values, see ISO 13732-1); — for hazards which do not cause permanent harm or irreversible damages to the body, for example such as haematomas, slight contusions or breaking of parts of the body which grow again, like finger nails. More guidance on risk estimation is given in ISO/TR 14121-2:2012, Clause 6.
4.2 Safety distances to prevent access by upper limbs 4.2.1
Reaching upwards
4.2.1.1 General Figure 1 shows the safety distance for reaching upwards. 4.2.1.2 Height of the hazard zone
The height of the hazard zone, h, shall be 2 700 mm or more.
The height of the hazard zone, h, shall be 2 500 mm or more where both the severity of harm and the probability of occurrence of harm caused by the hazard are low.
Key 1 hazard zone 2 reference plane h height of hazard zone
Figure 1 — Reaching upwards
© ISO 2019 – AllSTANDARDLARININ rights reserved TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN TÜRK BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN
OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E) 4.2.2
Reaching over protective structures
4.2.2.1 General Figure 2 shows reaching over a protective structure.
Key 1 area of upper limb reach 2 area outside of upper limb reach (hazard zone) hh height of the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to the area of upper limb reach hps height of protective structure sh horizontal safety distance of the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to the area of upper limb reach
Figure 2 — Reaching over protective structure
The values given in Tables 1 and 2 shall be used to determine the corresponding dimension(s) of the height of the hazard zone, the height of protective structures and the horizontal safety distance to the hazard zone.
When the known values of hh, hps or sh are between two values, the greater safety distance or higher protective structure or change in the height (higher or lower) of the hazard zone shall be used. Consequently, there shall be no interpolation of the values given. 4.2.2.2 Values
Table 1 may be used when the injury severity is slight and there is a low probability of occurrence of the injury. Table 1 provides the relationship between the height of the hazard zone, the height of the protective structure and the horizontal safety distance (see Figure 2). NOTE
4
Annex A gives examples of the use of Table 1.
STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM © ISO 2019 AllTARAFINDAN rights reserved TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. iZNi –TSE OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Table 1 — Reaching over protective structures — Only minor injuries along with a low probability of occurrence hps, height of protective structurea
Dimensions in millimetres
hh, height of 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 2 200 2 400 2 500 the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to sh, horizontal safety distance of the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to the area of upper limb reach the area of upper limb reach 2 500
2 400 2 200
2 000
1 800
100
600
1 100
0
100
600
900
0
100
500
0
200
0
900
600
1 200
1 000 800
400 200 0
1 400
1 300
1 200
1 100 1 100
0
1 000
500 300
200
900 0
500 300
0 0
0 0 0 0
100 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
600
350
0
100
900
900
500
0
100
250
600
1 000
100
0
350
900
1 400
1 000
900
100
0
400
800
1 200
1 300
1 000
0
500
900
900
1 400
100
600
1 000
1 300
0
700
1 100
1 600
a
0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Protective structures less than 1 000 mm in height are not included because they do not sufficiently restrict movement of the body.
Table 2 shall be used when Table 1 is not applicable. Table 2 provides the relationship between the height of the hazard zone, the height of the protective structure and the horizontal safety distance (see Figure 2). NOTE
Annex A gives examples of the use of Table 2.
© ISO 2019 – AllSTANDARDLARININ rights reserved TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN TÜRK BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN
OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
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TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Table 2 — Reaching over protective structures hps, height of protective structureb,c
Dimensions in millimetres
hh, height of 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 2 200 2 400 2 500 2 700 the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to sh, horizontal safety distance of the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to the area of upper limb reach the area of upper limb reacha 2 700
2 600
2 400 2 200
0
900
1 000
1 500
1 400
1 500
1 400
1 300
1 400
1 400
1 500
1 600 1 200
1 000 800
1 500 1 500 1 500
600
1 400
0
1 100
400 200
800
1 100
2 000
1 800
0
1 400
1 200
0
700
800
1 100
900
1 000
1 400
1 100
1 400
600
900
1 200
1 300
0
1 100 1 100 1 100
900
800
1 200
400
0
1 300
900
500
800 0 0
600
0 0 0
800 700
0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0
100
600
400
0
0
600
500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
400 400
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
300 300
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
a
For hazard zones above 2 700 mm, refer to 4.2.1.
c
Protective structures lower than 1 400 mm should not be used without additional protective measures.
b
0
300
600
800
0
400
800
800
0
500
600
900 900
0
700
800
900
1 000
900
600
900
1 400
1 300
0
100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Protective structures less than 1 000 mm in height are not included because they do not sufficiently restrict movement of the body.
4.2.3
Reaching around
Table 3 shows examples of fundamental movements for persons of 14 years and above (approximately 1,4 m height and above) (see also 4.2.5). Safety distances shorter than 850 mm may be used when the obstacle limiting the movement is at least 300 mm long.
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STANDARDIN BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM © ISO 2019 AllTARAFINDAN rights reserved TÜRK STANDARDLARININ TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. iZNi –TSE OPTiMUM SÜREÇ TASARIMI VE UYGULAMALARI SANAYi VE TiCARET LiMiTED SiRKETi'A VERiLMiSTiR. BASILMA TARiHi: 23.04.2020 TSE'DEN iZiN ALINMADAN STANDARDIN BiR BÖLÜMÜ/TAMAMI iKTiBAS EDiLEMEZ, ÇOGALTILAMAZ.
TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Table 3 — Reaching around with limitation of movement Limitation of movement Limitation of movement only at shoulder and armpit
Safety distance to hazard zone, sr
Dimensions in millimetres
Illustration
≥850
Arm supported up to elbow
≥550
Arm supported up to wrist
≥230
Arm and hand supported up to knuckle joint
≥130
Key A range of movement of upper limb sr radial safety distance a
This is either the diameter of a round opening, or the side of a square opening, or the narrowest dimension of the slot opening.
© ISO 2019 – AllSTANDARDLARININ rights reserved TELiF HAKKI TSE'YE AiTTiR. STANDARDIN TÜRK BU NÜSHASININ KULLANIM iZNi TSE TARAFINDAN
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TS EN ISO 13857 : 2019-12
ISO 13857:2019(E) 4.2.4
Reaching through openings
4.2.4.1 Reaching through regular openings — Persons of 14 years of age and above Table 4 gives safety distances to hazard zones, sr, for regular openings for persons of 14 years of age and above. The dimension of the opening, e, corresponds to the side of a square opening, the diameter of a round opening and the narrowest dimension of a slot opening. For openings larger than 120 mm, safety distances in accordance with 4.2.2 shall be used.
Table 4 — Reaching through regular openings — Persons of 14 years of age and above
Part of body
Fingertip
Finger up to knuckle joint
Hand
Illustration
Opening
Safety distance to hazard zone, sr
Slot
Square
Round
≥2
≥2
≥2
4
