Grade 9 Science Respirstory System

WARM UP!

When we___________ air enters the body through the nose and mouth.

ANSWER

INHALE

The _____helps draw air into the lungs.

ANSWER

TRACHEA

What we breath in?

OXYGEN

What is the waste product you breathe out?

CARBON DIOXIDE

What happens to your diaphragm when you inhale?

CONTRACTS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

WHAT IS RESPIRATION the

overall exchange of gases between the atmosphere, the blood, and the cells.

PHASES OF HUMAN EXCHANGE BREATHING

OR VENTILATION

– the act of taking air in (inspiration) and out of the lungs (expiration) EXTERNAL

RESPIRATION

– the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the blood vessels.

3.

CELLULAR RESPIRATION – the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body cells 4. CELLULAR RESPIRATION – the process of using oxygen to break down sugar in food, producing energy (ATP) in cells, and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product.

THE ORGANS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 

NOSE

Pharynx Larynx Trachea Lungs Bronchus

Nose 

PHARYNX

Mouth Epiglottis



LARYNX



TRACHEA



BRONCHI



LUNGS-ALVEOLI

Bronchioles

Diaphragm

THE NOSE the

only externally visible part of the respiratory system

Air

enters the nose through the external nares

UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT NOSTRILS

– the openings in the nose that allow entry and exit of air. NASAL

CAVITIES – contains glands coat hair strands in nostrils with mucus to protect you from inhaling dust.

PHARYNX

— the

throat – cone shaped passage way leading to trachea. LARYNX – the voice box – where vocal chords are located.

LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT TRACHEA – called wind pipe – main passage way of air into lungs. BRONCHI – also called bronchial tubes – two branching tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs.

BRONCHIOLES

– the finer subdivisions of the bronchi – hair like tubes that connect to the alveoli

ALVEOLI – also called air sacs – allow gas exchange in lungs

KEY CONCEPTS WHEN

YOU BREATH IN, OR INHALE, THE DIAPHRAGM MUSCLE CONTRACTS.INHALING MOVES THE DIAPHRAGM DOWN ANDEXPANDS ANDCHEST CAVITY. SIMULTANEOUSLY, THE RIBS MOVE UP AND INCREASE THE SIZE OF THE CHEST CAVITY.THERE IS NOW A SPACE AND LESS AIR PRESSURE INSIDETHE LUNGS. AIR PUSHES IN FROM THE OUTSIDE WHERE THERE IS A HIGHER AIR PRESSURE. IT PUSHES INTO THE LUNGS WHERE THERE IS LOWER AIR PRESSURE.

WHEN

YOU BREATH OUT, OR EXHALE, THE DIAPHRAGM MUSCLE RELAXES. THE DIAPHRAGM AND RIBS RETURN TO THEIR ORIGINAL PLACE. THE CHEST CAVITY RETURNS TO ITS ORIGINAL SIZE. THERE IS NOW LESS SPACE AND GREATER AIR PRESSURE INSIDETHE LUNGS. IT PUSHES THE AIR OUTSIDE WHERE THERE IS LOWER AIR PRESSURE.

INFECTTIOUS DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM COMMON

COLD

– is a contagious infection of the upper

respirator tract by rhinovirus. SYMPTOMS:

sneezing, runny nose , mild fever

INFLUENZA

OR FLU – is a contagious illness caused by several influenza viruses called myxovirus. – patience experience chills, fever, severe headache, muscular pains, runny nose and general discomfort.

PNEUMONIA refers

to the infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, virus , fungi, or protozoan in rare conditions. SYMPTOMS: fever, chest pain, fluid in the lungs, and difficulty in breathing

TUBERCULOSIS caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can spread through respiration droplets by coughing, sneezing, or spitting phlegm.



RESPIRATORY DISORDERS ASTHMA – is a chronic and allergic condition that makes the breathing airways narrow and swollen, and causes them to produce extra mucus. 

BRONCHITIS is the inflammation or swelling of the breathing passages, the pathway between the nose and the lungs.  caused by viral lungs infections but it can also be triggered by the industrial pollutants and tobacco smoke.  ACUTE AND CHRONIC BROCHITIS ACUTE BRONCHITIS - occurs when a patient experiences a nagging cough that lasts for one to three weeks. CHRONIC BRONCHITIS - if the condition lasts three months or more and happens within two consecutive years. - production of excessive mucus and infection from microorganisms. 

EMPHYSEMA long

term disease of the lungs caused by prolonged exposure to respiratory irritants like tobacco chemicals and air pollutants such as factory fumes or coal.  damages the alveoli of the lungs as well as the breathing passageways.

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONAR DISEASE (COPD) is associated with a group of lung diseases: emphysema, asthma, and chronic bronchitis.  patient experience a progressive and long term obstruction of airflow that makes breathing difficult. 

LUNG

CANCER

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM About

half liter of water per day is lost through breathing. Yawning brings more oxygen to the lung.  Your right lung is larger that your left. We breathe 13 pints of air everyday every minute.

HOW TO KEEP YOUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM HEALTHY  TRY

TO AVOID: - Smoking - Being around a smoker (second hand) - Inhaling other chemical or drugs - Being around dusty or thick polluted air

 WHAT

TO DO: - Exercise - Eat Healthy - Go to annual doctor checkups