Diseño y Socializacion de Un Plan de Incentivos

 

KJQTKTUTM TEAJMIÑBKAM QU^E\KM\ ’A M \ D K II E \ H‖  H‖ 

AH\\E\H DE HDFKJKQT\HAKÑJ DE \EAU\QMQ OUFHJMQ^E\QMJHI. ’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H. ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖ 

^rmyeatm de kjvestkbhakñj prevkm h ih mltejakñj dei Tætuim Tætui m de Teajñimbm ej \eaursms Oufhjms- ^ersmjhi

Hutmrh0 Dejksse Qmcæh Skiiebhs Ejræquez Tutmr0 Kjb. Fhræh Kshlei Kfhkaeih Qhrhjbm

Xuktm, 82.

 

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’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82 ‖ 

 

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DEAIH\HTM\KH. Deaihrm que ei prmyeatm de tktuihakñj dejmfkjhdm0 ’Dkseøm y smakhikzhakñj de uj

pihj de kjaejtkvms amfm chatmr fmtkvhakmjhi phrh fe`mrhr ei desefpeøm ej ims amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. ulkahdh ej ei Dkstrktm Fetrmpmikthjm de Xuktm 82-82‖. Oh skdm deshrrmiihdm ej lhse h ujh kjvestkbhakñj exohustkvh, respethjdm ims dereaoms kjteieatuhies de teraerms, amjcmrfe ihs akths que amjsthj ej ihs pèbkjhs amrrespmjdkejtes, auyhs cuejtes se dethiihj ej ih  lklikmbrhcæh, ihs kdehs, resuithdms y amjaiuskmjes que se expreshj smj de fk hlsmiuth respmjshlkikdhd. 

DEJKQQE QMCKH SKIIEBHQ EJ\KXUEP A.A. 82.>.

Fharm...................... ............................................. .............................................. ............................................. ....................................... ................. 82

8.>.8.

Fesm ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ........................................... ..................... 8?

8.>..

Hjteaedejte Hjteaedejtess ddee ih prmpuesth .................... .......................................... ............................................. ................................ ......... 58

5.8.

@ustkckahakñj de ih prmpuesth ..................... ........................................... ............................................. ................................ ......... 51

5..

Ml`etkvm Bejerhi .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ......................... ... 53

5.4.8.

Ml`etkvms Espeaæckams ........................................... ................................................................. ....................................... ................. 53

5.5.

Mrkejthakñj phrh ei estudkm................ estudkm....................................... ............................................. ....................................... ................. 53

5.3.

Fhram teñrkam ...................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ................................ .......... 52

5.3.>.

^ihj de Kjaejtkvms ...................... ............................................ ............................................ ........................................... ..................... 52

5.5.8.>.

Ei ml`etkvm rehi dei pihj de kjaejtkvms.- ...................... ............................................ ............................ ...... 52

5.5.8.8. 5.5.8..8. Tkagets hërems pmr reamjmakfkejtm hi fe`mr amfphøerm y amihlmrhdmr 8>8 5.85.>.< 5.85.>.1. dm Dkpimfhs y auhdrm de oomjmr mjmr............................................ ppmr mr rea reamjmakfkejtm mjmakfkejtm hi fe`mr fe`mr amih amihlmrhdmr lmrhdmr. 8>; seieaakmjh seieaakmjhdm pmr dephrthfejtm ............. ................................... ............................................ ....................... 5.85.>.4. Aejhs, him`hfkejtms m des deshyujms hyujms mtmrbhdm pmr ims prmveedmres prmveedmres omteierms hi fe`mr amfphøerm .......................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 888 5.85.>.5. Omrhrkms de verhjm \ebkñj \ebkñj skerrh hbmstm \eb \ebkñj kñj amsth fhrzm .............. 88< 5.85.>.3. ^ihjes \earehtkvms ..................... ............................................ ............................................. ..................................... ............... 881 5.85.>.2. ^hushs hatkvhs ..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ........................ 884 5.85.>.?. Ahphakthakmj Ahphakthakmjes es .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ........................ 885 5.85.>.;. Evhiuhakñj de desefpeøm sefestrhi............. sefestrhi................................... ......................................... ................... 883 5.83.

Thiier ............................................. .................................................................... ............................................. ..................................... ............... 8

5.83.>. Skdem de lkejvejkdh ..................... ............................................ ............................................. ..................................... ............... 81. \eaursms Teajmiñbkams... Teajmiñbkams......................... ............................................ ............................................ .................................. ............ 81; 3.>.>4. \eaursms Mperhakmjhies ....................... ............................................. ............................................ .................................. ............ 81; 3.>.>5. Kjcrhestruaturh .................... .......................................... ............................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 84> 3.>.>2. \eaursms Ckjhjakerms .................... .......................................... ............................................ ......................................... ................... 848 3.8. ^resupuestm .................... ........................................... .............................................. ............................................. ..................................... ............... 84< 3.. Amjaiuskmjes ............................................................ .................................................................................. ......................................... ................... 845 2.8. \eamfejdh \eamfejdhakmjes akmjes.................... .......................................... ............................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 84? HJE_MQ ................... .......................................... .............................................. ............................................. ............................................ .......................... .... 85> LKLIKMB\HCÆH ......................................... ............................................................... ............................................. ...................................... ............... 851

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM

FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82 82    

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ÆJDKAE DE THLIHQ Thlih 8 Fhtrkz T.................... T........................................... .............................................. ............................................. ....................................... ................. Thlih 84 ^rebujth 5 ................... ......................................... ............................................ ............................................ .................................... .............. ?8 Thlih 85 ^rebujth 3 .................................... .......................................................... ............................................. ........................................ ................. ?< Thlih ......................................... ............................................ ............................................ .................................... .............. Thlih 83 82 ^rebujth ^rebujth 2? ................... ................... ......................................... ............................................ ............................................ .................................... .............. ?1 ?4 Thlih 8? ^rebujth ; .................................... .......................................................... ............................................. ........................................ ................. ?5 Thlih 8; ^rebujth 8> ........................................................ ............................................................................... ........................................ ................. ?3 Thlih Ejauesth despuës de ih smakhikzhakñj ..................... ........................................... .................................... .............. ?? Thlih .  AMJTE_TM

8.>.>.  Fharm Ih fmtkvhakñj, fès hiiè dei shihrkm, es aihve phrh auitkvhr ei thiejtm oufhjm ej ei kjterkmr de ujh amfphøæh. Kfpiefejthr estrhtebkhs que fe`mrej ih ahikdhd de vkdh bejerh sejtkdm de pertejejakh, hbrhdeakfkejtm hbrhdeakfkejtm y mrbuiim pmr ei iubhr iu bhr ej dmjde se trhlh`h (Ei Espeatrhdmr, 85). Ej Eauhdmr se hpikahj dkvershs estrhtebkhs de fmtkvhakñj h trhvës dei kjaejtkvm fmtkvhakmjhi phrh shtkschaer ihs jeaeskdhdes dei amihlmrhdmr de ujh fhjerh fès oufhjæstkah, rehikzhjdm rehikzhjdm prmbrhfhs de reamjm reamjmakfkejtms akfkejtms que lusahj lusahj dhr ei vhimrhr de ihs hatkvkdhdes dkhrkhs de ahdh ujm de ims i ms amihlmrhdmres e kjaejtkvhr ih prèatkah y deshrrmiim de ims vhimres amrpmrhtkvm amrpmrhtkvmss dhjdm hi ahpkthi oufhjm uj sejtkdm sejtkdm de  pertejejakh mrbhjkzhakmjhi mrbhjkzhakmjhi , pu pues es se shle que ims luejms resuithdms y imbrms imbrms jm smj ’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H EI DEQEF^EØM DE IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM DKQT\KT M FET\M^MIKTHJM DE

XUKTM 82 82    

8?

 pmsklies skj ei amfprmfksm amfprmfksm de ims amihlmrhdmres, uj e`efpim es0 ’ ims lejeckakms ciexklies‖ estm ciexklies‖  estm skbjkckah que ims amihlmrhdmres mltejdrèj mltejdrèj uj aupm de dkjerm que  puedej bhsthr bhsthr ej seburm ph phrh rh ejcerfedhdes ejcerfedhdes brhves, pñikzh mdm mdmjtmiñbkah, jtmiñbkah, seburm seburm eduahtkvm m dæhs iklres, amj estms lejeckakms se bejerh amfprmfksm ohakh ih mrbhjkzhakñj y lkejesthr lkejesthr efmakmjhi ohakh ohakh ims amihlmrhdmres , es jeaeshrkm jeaeshrkm tmfhr ej auejth que ihs mrbhjkzhakmjes mrbhjkzhakmjes kjduaej kjduaej hi ahpkthi oufhjm amfm ei chatmr fès kfpmrthjte, amfm ims bejerhdmres bejerhdmres de prmduatkvkdhd e kjbresms ph phrh rh ih amfphøæh, pmr thi fmtkvm delej esthr fmtkvhdms eamjñ eamjñfkahfejte fkahfejte y efm efmakmjhifejte. akmjhifejte.

8.>.8.  Fesm Ej Xuktm ihs mrbhjkzhakmjes kjdkahj que ims amihlmrhdmres delej tejer uj cuerte c uerte sejtkdm de pertejejakh ohakh ih efpresh, sebðj (Ei Efpiem, 82) dkae que0 ’Ej uj fujdm thj amfpetktkvm y bimlhikzhdm amfm ei hatuhi, h atuhi, dmjde ih mcerth de lk lkejes ejes y servkakms deslmrdh ih mrdej dei dæh y ihs desahrbhs pulikakthrkhs smj ahdh vez fès cuertes, ihs efpreshs lusahj vhimres hbrebhdms que amjstktuyhj uj lejeckakm dkcerejakhi‖‖ , phrh pmder mltejer akertm fhrbej de dkstkjakñj amj reihakñj h ih dkcerejakhi amfpetejakh, amfpeteja kh, ih fmtkvhakñj de ims amihlmrhdmres ej ihs mrbhjkzhakmjes se dh h trhvës de 0   Ahphakthakmje Ahphakthakmjess amjsthjtes

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  ^ihj Ahrrerh

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  Hikfejthakñj brhtks m pmraejth`es de amlerturh

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  ^hbms èbkies y pujtuhies

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  Qeburm de vkdh amj pmraejth`es de amlerturh

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  Desauejtms de prmduatms de ih prmpkh fhrah

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  Ujkcmrfes

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’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H EI DEQEF^EØM DE IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM DKQT\KT M FET\M^MIKTHJM DE

XUKTM 82‖ 82‖    

8;

  Hjtkakpms

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  ^ihj de vkvkejdh

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8.>.% ims amihlmrhdmres que ims  lejeckakms que mltejdrèj hi deshrrmiihr ei pihj amj reihakñj h ihs respmjshlkikdhdes de juevms retms h hsufkr serèj ih reamfpejsh kdñjeh phrh ei  perceaakmjhfkejtm de sus cujakmjes cujakmjes

Fedkms de verkckahakñj

Qupuestms

Ejauesths rehikzhdhs h ims Kfpiefejthakñj dei pihj de amihlmrhdmres dmjde se hjhikzhrè que kjaejtkvms dejtrm dei skstefh amfm kfphatm tuvm ei pihj de kjaejtkvms,  phrte de kjduaakñj ej ih amfphøæh hjèiksks de prmduatkvkdhd.

Fedkms de verkckahakñj

Qupuestms

H trhvës de ih fedkakñj de ih Amferakhikzhdmres y dkstrklukdmres shtkschaakñj dei aikejte exterjm dkreatms y exaiuskvms de ih fhrah de fedkhjte evhiuhakmjes, dèjdmse h amsfëtkams de fhqukiih`e I‛Mrehi amjmaer fedkhjte ih fetmdmimbæh de ejauesths mtmrbhjdm chatklkikdhd de deshrrmiim dei pihj phrh ih efpresh, y mtmrbhjdm ujh shtkschaakñj ihlmrhi hi efpiehdm rehikzhjdm ihs (evhiuhakmjes 13>°)

Cuejte0 Efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Cuejte0 Efpresh Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmcæh pmr0 Qmcæh Skiiebhs

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’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H ^H\H FE@M\H\  FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

 

Thlih 5 Fhtrkz Fhram Iñbkam Kjdkahdmres

Fedkms de verkckahakñj

Qupuestms

^mjer ej trhyeatmrkh ims thiieres de ahphakthakñj, dmjde se ejrkqueaerè ei jkvei dei amjmaedmr, thjtm persmjhi amfm lejeckakm phrh ei deshrrmiim efpreshrkhi, se mltejdrè amfm resuithdm que ihs ahphakthakmjes mtmrbhdhs amfm phrte de este lejeckakm kjarefejthrèj uj areakfkejtm ihlmrhi-efpreshrkhi, ims amihlmrhdmres ej uj ??% hseburhj que ih aihve cujdhfejthi dei ëxktm es ih kfpiefejthakñj de estrhtebkhs kjjmvhdmrhs phrh uj exaeiejte desefpeøm.

Qe susakthj h trhvës dei trhlh`m ej equkpm, evkdejakhjdm amj ei hdeauhdm aikfh ihlmrhi ujh amfujkahakñj hsertkvh, ih auhi prmfueve ih fmtkvhakñj ihlmrhi, dksfkjuyejdm ihs amikskmjes exkstejtes ejtre ims iæderes y amihlmrhdmres pmr dëckakt de ahphakthakmjes hamrde hi puestm dei trhlh`m, h rhzñj se rehikzhrh ihs evhiuhakmjes 13>° phrh mltejer resuithdms hsertkvms.

Ei aufpikfkejtm dei deshrrmiim de ihs cujakmjes amfputhrèj amj oerrhfkejths kjeiudklies, pmr ejde exkstkrè uj kjarefejtm ej ims kjbresms phrh tmdm ei equkpm de Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. delkdm h que ims jkveies de prmduatkvkdhd que deshrrmiie ei persmjhi  perfktkrèj que se iieve h ahlm ih amrreath smakhikzhakñj e kfpiefejthakñj dei pihj de kjaejtkvms.

Exaeiejtes fe`mrhs ej ei aikfh ihlmrhi evkthjdm aoksfe m

Dkjhfksfm e kjjmvhakñj ej ims amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H.

 Kjdkahdmr de resuithdms0

Eceatkvkdhd de ihs ahphakthakmjes rehikzhdhs.  Jm. Ahphakthakmjes evhiuhdhs shtkschatmrkhfejte/ Tmthi de persmjhs ahphakthdhs. Ims amihlmrhdmres hi ;2%, amjskderhj que reaklkr thiieres de efpmderhfkejtm y ahphakthakmjes phrh  pmder fe`mrhr deshrrmiihr amjmakfkejtms ohlkikdhdes ej ei ypuestm de trhlh`m hufejth suy amjckhjzh y sejtkdm de pertejejakh oha ohakh kh ih efpresh

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rufmres de phskiim \eduaakñj de tkefpms fuertms

Fe`mrhjdm jkveies de eckakejakh ej ims amihlmrhdmres pmr ih ejtrebh de ims reamjmakfkejtms mtmrbhdms pmr aufpikfkejtms.   \esuithdms de ihs evhiuhakmjes Kfpiefejthr amfm phrte de ih pmiætkah kjterjh ei pihj de kjaejtkvms deterfkjhjdm ei kjarefejtm de  phrh ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. amj ih ckjhikdhd de fmtkvhr efmakmjhifejte h tmdms sus amihlmrhdmres.  prmduatkvkdhd ihlmrhi

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H trhvës de ims resuithdms de ih evhiuhakñj de desefpeøm ej ims chatmres aihves de0   ^ejshfkejtm estrhtëbkam ej ih tmfh de deakskmjes 

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44

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖  

 

 

Amfujkahakñj hsertkvh 13>° Qervkakm y ahikdhd de htejakñj hi aikejte kjterjm y exterjm   Mrbhjkzhakñj y respmjshlkikdhd. Mrkejthakñj hi aikejte.(\espmjshlkikdhd, Amfprmfksm)

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Ei ?;% de ih efpresh Ahsh Ahsh Fmeiier A.H. mpkjhj que sus jeaeskdhdes thjtm persmjhies y prmceskmjhies estèj skejdm aulkerths amj este pihj de kjaejtkvms.

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Ejtrebh de dkpimfhs de reamjmakfkejtm hi persmjhi amj uj luej desefpeøm ihlmrhi, tkagets hërems pmr aufpikfkejtm ej lhse h ml`etkvms pmr dephrthfejtms, omrhrkms de verhjm, pihjes rearehtkvms chfkikhres y ihlmrhies, aeielrhakñj de ceaohs espeakhies amj uj hbhsh`m phrh tmdm ei Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. Amjtrmi prevkm h ih kfpiefejthakñj dei prmyeatm mltejkejdm resuithdms pmsktkvms  pmr phrte de ims amihlmrhdmres

Cuejte0 Efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Cuejte0 Efpresh Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmcæh Skiiebhs

45

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖  

 

 

Thlih 5 Fhtrkz Fhram Iñbkam Hatkvkdhd

\esufej dei presupuestm

8.  \evkskñj de fhjuhi de cujakmjes

Bhstms Amrrkejtes

> .4> 14>.>> 12?.4>

Bhstms de Kjverskñj  

;.  Aohrihs fmtkvhakmjhies

Chaturhs Amfprmlhjtes \eaklms Eta.

Omrhrkms prmceskmjhies prmceskmjhies $5> a/u Queidms shihrkms ($?>>) Skètkams phsh`es ($) Edkakmjes kfpreskmjes

DEQA\K^AK DEQA\K ^AK J AHJTKDH AHJTKDHD D \esfhs de phpei 4  lmjd Ahrpeths 82> Kfpreskmjes 82> TMTHI

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2.  Ahphakthakmjes h imsAhsh amihlmrhdmres dey thiieres ih efpresh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. ?.  Evhiuhakmjes 13>

Fedkms de verkckahakñj

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Qupuestms de ihs hatkvkdhdes

Deskjterës de ims iæderes de ih mrbhjkzhakmjes Ih chith de kjterës de ims amihlmrhdmres h ihs ahphakthakmjes

Mrbhjkzhakñj kjhdeauhdh ^msktkvm m jebhtkvm

Equkpms de mckakjh Fhqukjhrkh Oerrhfkejths Hpmrthakmjes

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Hpmrthakmjes kjstktuakmjhies Hpmrthakmjes de ims usuhrkms de prmyeatm

Cuejte0 Efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Cuejte0 Efpresh Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmcæh pmr0 Qmcæh Skiiebhs 43

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖  

 

42

4.1.>.  Hjèiksks dei Fhram Iñbkam Ih ckjhikdhd dei prmyeatm prmyeatm es que ims amihlmrhdmres amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. fmtkvhdms, ei ei kjdkahdmr es ei ;% ims amihlmrhdmres que ims lejeckakms que mltejdrèj hi deshrrmiihr ei pihj p ihj amj reihakñj h ihs respmjshlkikdhdes respmjshlkikdh des de juevms retms h hsufkr serèj ih reamfpejsh kdñjeh phrh ei  perceaakmjhfkejtm  perceaakmjhf kejtm de sus cuja cujakmjes, kmjes, ims fedkms de verkckahakñj se serèj rèj ih fedkakñj de ih shtkschaakñj dei aikejte exterjm fedkhjte evhiuhakmjes, dèjdmse h amjmaer fedkhjte ih fetmdmimbæh de ejauesths mtmrbhjdm chatklkikdhd de deshrrmiim dei pihj  phrh ih efpresh, efpresh, y mtmrbhjdm uujh jh shtkschaakñj ihlmrhi ihlmrhi hi efpiehd efpiehdmm rehikzhjdm ihs (evhiuhakmjess 13>°), ims supuestms es ser amferakhikzhdmres y dkstrklukdmres dkreatms (evhiuhakmje y exaiuskvms de ih fhrah de amsfëtkams am sfëtkams de fhqukiih`e I‛Mrehi.  I‛Mrehi. 

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH

EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

4?

Ei prkfer amfpmjejte es ih kfpiefejthakñj ^ihj Ahrrerh kfphathjdm  pmsktkvhfejte ej ej su sejtkdm de pertejejakh, fe`mrhjdm hsæ su ddesefpeøm esefpeøm ihlmrhi ihlmrhi ej ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H., ims kjdkahdmres es que hi pmjer ej trhyeatmrkh ims thiieres de ahphakthakñj, dñjde se ejrkqueaerè ei jkvei dei amjmaedmr, thjtm persmjhi amfm lejeckakm lejeckakm phrh ei deshrrmiim efpreshrkhi, se mltejd mltejdrè rè amfm resuithdm que ihs ahphakthakmjes mtmrbhdhs amfm phrte de este lejeckakm kjarefejthrèj uj areakfkejtm ihlmrhi-efpreshrkhi, ims amihlmrhdmres ej uj ??% hseburhj que ih aihve cujdhfejthi dei ëxktm es ih kfpiefejthakñj de estrhtebkhs kjjmvhdmrhs phrh uj exaeiejte desefpeøm, desefpeøm, ims fedkms de verkckahakñj se susakthj h trhvës dei trhlh`m ej equkpm, evkdejakhjdm amj ei hdeauhdm aikfh ihlmrhi ujh amfujkahakñj amfujkaha kñj hsertkvh, ih auhi prmfueve ih fmtkvhakñj ihlmrhi, dksfkjuyejdm ihs amikskmjes exkstejtes ejtre ims iæderes y amihlmrhdmres pmr dëckakt de ahphakthakmjes ahphakthakmjes hamrde hi puestm dei trhlh`m, h rhzñj se rehikzhrh ihs evhiuhakmjes 13>° phrh mltejer resuithdms hsertkvms, ims supuestms recie`hj que ei aufpikfkejtm dei deshrrmiim de ihs cujakmjes amfputhrèj amj oerrhfkejths kjeiudklies, pmr ejde exkstkrè uj kjarefejtm ej ims kjbresms phrh tmdm tmdm ei equkpm de Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. de delkdm lkdm h que ims jkveies de prmduatkvkdhd que deshrrmiie ei persmjhi perfktkrèj que se iieve h ahlm ih amrreath smakhikzhakñj e kfpiefejthakñj de deii pihj de kjaejtkvms. kjaejtkvms. Ei sebujdm amfpmjejte es dksfkjukr ei æjdkae de rmthakñj de persmjhi, kfpiefejthjdm ahphakthakmjes ahphakthakmjes y thiies de efpmderhfkejtms dkrkbkdm h ahdh puestm de trhlh`m ej ims amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H, ims kjdkahdmres seøhihj seøhihj que ims amihlmrh amihlmrhdmres dmres hi ;2%, amjskderhj que re reaklkr aklkr thiieres de efpmderhfkejtm efpmderhfke jtm y ahpha ahphakthakmjes kthakmjes ph phrh rh pmder fe`mrhr y deshrrmiihr deshrrmiihr amjmakfkejtms y ohlkikdhdes ej ei ei puestm de trhlh`m hufejth su amjckh amjckhjzh jzh y sejtkdm de pertejejakh ohakh ih efpresh, efpresh, ims fedkms de verkckahakñj es ih exae exaeiejte iejte fe`mrh ej ei aikfh ’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH

EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

4;

ihlmrhi evkthjdm aoksfe m rufmres de phskiim, reduaakñj de tkefpms fuertms, fe`mrhjdm jkveies de eckakej eckakejakh akh ej ims amihlmrhdmres amihlmrhdmres h trhvës trhvës de ih ejtrebh de ims ims reamjmakfkejtms reamjmakfkej tms mtmrbhdms pmr aufpikfkejtms, ims supuestm es dkjhfksfm e kjjmvhakñj ej ims amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. Ei teraer amfpmjejte es reduakr reduakr ei estrës ihlmrhi dkseøhjdm de uujh jh fhjerh hckrfhtkvh ei pihj de kjaejtkvms k jaejtkvms phrh fmtkvhr ei kfpeahlie desefpeøm ihlmrhi de ims amihlmrhdmress de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H., ims kjdkahdmres que h amihlmrhdmre trhvës de ims resuithdms de ih evhiuhakñj de desefpeøm se presejthj amfm chatmres aihves phrh ei ëxktm smj0   ^ejshfkejtm estrhtëbkam ej ih tmfh de deakskmjes



  Amfujkahakñj hsertkvh 13>°



  Qervkakm y ahikdhd de htejakñj hi aikejte kjterjm y exterjm



  Mrbhjkzhakñj y respmjshlkikdhd. Mrkejthakñj hi aikejte.(\espmjsh aikejte.(\espmjshlkikdhd, lkikdhd,



  Amfprmfksm)

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Ei ?;% de ih eefpresh fpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. mpkjhj que sus jeaeskdhdes thjtm persmjhies y prmceskmjhies estèj skejdm aulkerths amj este este pihj de kjaejtkvms, ims fedkms de verkckahakñj deterfkjhj ims i ms resuithdms de ihs evhiuhakmjes deterfkjhjdm ei kjarefejtm de prmduatkvkdhd ihlmrhi , ejtrebh de dkpimfhs de reamjmakfkejtm reamjmakfkej tm hi persmjhi pmr fe`mrhs ej su desefpeøm desefpeøm ihlmrhi, tkagets hërems pmr pmr aufpikfkejtm ej lhse h ml`etkvms pmr èreh de trhlh`m, omrhrkms de verhjm, pihjes rearehtkvms chfkikhres y persmjhies , aeielrhakñj de ceaohs espeakhies amj uj hbhsh`m  phrh tmdm ei Ahsh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H A.H.,., amjtrmi prevkm h ih kfpiefejthakñj dei dei  prmyeatm mltejkejdm mltejkejdm resuithdms pmsktkvms pmr phrte de ims amihlm amihlmrhdmres, rhdmres, ims supuestms smj kfpiefejthr amfm amfm phrte de ih pmiætkah kjterjh ei pihj de kjaejtkvms

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

5>

 phrh ih efpresh efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. amj ih ckjhikdhd de fmtkvhr efmakmjhifejte efmakmjhifej te h tmdms su suss amihlmrhdmres. amihlmrhdmres.

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

58

AH^ÆTUIM S 5. 

^rmpuesth Ih prmpuesth de este prmyeatm es ei dkseøm y ih smakhikzhakñj de uj pihj de

kjaejtkvms amfm chatmr fmtkvhakmjhi phrh fe`mrhr ei desefpeøm de ims amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H.

5.>.  Hjteaedejtes de ih prmpuesth Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. es ujh amferakhikzhdmrh y dkstrklukdmrh de  prmduatms amsfëtkams amsfëtkams y ahpkihres, ðjkams y hutmrkzhdms h jkvei Eauhdmr, cue cujdhdh  pmr ei Qr. Bukiierfm Fmeiier uj de hlrki de 8;31, ej uj imahi ulkahdm ej ei aejtrm okstñrkam de Xuktm ej ih ahiie Fe`æh.

Ej ese ejtmjaes se ejahrbhlh de ih amferakhikzhakñj de ihs skbukejtes fhrahs0   Qaowhrzgmpc



  \hymvha



  Dkelmid



  Lmeorkjber Kjbeioekf



Ej ih hatuhikdhd juestrh efpresh se ejauejtrh lh`m ei ikderhzbm de Rkiiy Fmeiier Cimres, qukej haerthdhfejte dkrkbe Brupm Fmeiier, pmseej ih represejthakñj y

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

5<

dkstrkluakñj exaiuskvh ej ei Eauhdmr, de prmduatms amsfëtkams, aukdhdm ahpkihr, aukdhdm de ih pkei, deterbejte, de ihs skbukejtes fhrahs0   I´Mrehi





 

Xuhjtm   Fhyleiikje



  @mike



  I‛Mrehi ^rmceskmjhi  ^rmceskmjhi 



  \edgej



  Gerhsthsse



Hatuhifejte auejth amj uj tmthi de 82> efpiehdms ulkahdms ej ihs skbukejtes akudhdes0 Xuktm, Buhy Buhyhquki, hquki, Fhjth, Auejah, Hflhtm, KKlhrrh, lhrrh, ih fhtrkz se ejauejtrh ejauejtrh ulkahdh hatuhifejte ej Auflhyè ej ei Aejtrm Amferakhi ^hsem Qhj Crhjaksam (Aejtrm de Jebmakms dei aejtrm amferakhi). Ih fmtkvhakñj de ims amihlmrhdmres es phrte esejakhi dei areakfkejtm prmceskmjhi  phrh que ih efpresh efpresh vhyh lke lkejj y se amjskbh ihs fesths prmpuesths prmpuesths deterfkjhdhs.  Jm mlsthjte, fhjtejer fhjtejer ei kjterës, ih kfpikahakñj y ei amfp amfprmfksm rmfksm dei equkpm de trhlh`m jm es threh cèaki, pmr esm se expikah añfm eihlmrhr uj lue luejj pihj de kjaejtkvms ihlmrhies ( Ohrvhrd, 82). Hjterkmrfejte ej ihs mrbhjkzhakmjes im fès kfpmrthjte erh ih i h ahjtkdhd de rehikzhdh prmduaakñj ej reihakñj amj ih fhjm de mlrh kjvertkdh ej ih efpresh de`hjdm de ihdm ei reaursm y ahpkthi oufhjm, sus jeaeskdhdes m sus prmliefhs que tuvkesej, ims kjaejtkvms ihlmrhies smj ujh de ihs fe`mres oerrhfkejths phrh que ims

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

51

amihlmrhdmress tejbhj uj fmtkvm pmr ei auhi puedhj desefpeøhr sus cujakmjes de amihlmrhdmre fhjerh y eckahz y eckakejte Hatuhifejte ihs mrbhjkzhakmjes mrbhjkzhakmjes fès rejthl rejthlies ies h jkvei fujdkhi smj ihs que bestkmjhj su estrhtebkh efpreshrkhi tmfhjd tmfhjdmm ej auejth ihs jeaeskd jeaeskdhdes hdes que tkeje ei ahpkthi oufhjm phrh su deshrrmiim prmceskmjhi, persmjhi y mrbhjkzhakmjhi , im i m auhi hyudh h ser ujh vejth`h amfpetktkvh h y h dkstkjbukrse ejtre ih i h amfpetejakh, puestm que i resphidhr y veihr pmr ei lejeckakm dei ahpkthi oufhjm hyudhrè h ih mrbhjkzhakñj h fhjtejer fhjtejer ujh esthlkikdhd eejj ei hflkejte ih ihlmrhi, lmrhi, mltejkejdm ih prmduatkvkdhd prmduatkvkdhd amrpmrhtkvm que tmdh efpresh lusah y deseh hdqukrkr hi fmfejtm de amjtrhthr hi  persmjhi ^mr im thjtm, es kfpmrthjte phrh ih efpresh Ahsh Fm Fmeiier eiier Fhrtæjez A.H. amjthr amj uj pihj de kjaejtkvms que perfkth utkikzhr amfm chatmr iihh fmtkvhakñj efmakmjhi dei amihlmrhdmr reduakejdm ih hith rmthakñj de persmjhi y dhjdm uj vhimr hbrebhdm h ih amfphøæh que fhrahræh ih dkcerejakh ej ih amfpetejakh dei ferahdm amsfëtkam, evhiuhjdm evhiuhjdm ih be bestkñj stkñj eckahz de sus cujakm cujakmjes. jes.

5.8.  @ustkckahakñj de ih prmpuesth Amj ih kjvestkbhakñj rehikzhdh se pretejde hjhikzhr y `ustkckahr ih vkthi kfpmrthjakh que tkeje ims kjaejtkvms ihlmrhies jm fmjethrkms, fe`mrhjdm ih ahikdhd de vkdh  prmceskmjhi ej ihs omrhs de trhlh`m, utkikzhjdm chatmres fmtkvhakmjhies ohakh ims amihlmrhdmres que amjiievej ml`etkvms y feths ej amfðj phrh ei areakfkejtm amrpmrhtkvm, hsæ fksfm veihr pmr ih shtkschaakñj dei amihlmrhdmr que mtmrbhrh este  pihj de kjaejtkvms, dhjdm ih delkdh kfpmrthjakh ims hjteaedejtes y ih mrkbkjhikdhd de  prmliefh hatuhi que se susakth ej ih efpresh Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H., amj ih

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

54

ckjhikdhd de cmrfuihr ujh prmpuesth hsertkvh que dksfkjukrèj ihs prmliefètkahs de ih amfphøæh, mtmrbhjdm lkejesthr efmakmjhi efmakmjhi hi amihlmrhdmr y bejerhjdm uj areakfkejtm  prmduatkvm phrh phrh ih amfphøæh. Ei hatuhi dkseøm de pihj de kjaejtkvms se ejcmah ej ei deshrrmiim prmceskmjhi y  persmjhi dei amihlmrhdmr, mtmrbhjdm uj hflkejte ihlmrhi pmsktkvm h trhvës de  lejeckakms que imbrhj fmtkvhr hi efpiehdm phrh uj fe`mr desefpeøm ihlmrhi, eievhjdm ei areakfkejtm amrpmrhtkvm y hjhikzhjdm ei amstm- lejeckakm que trherè ih smakhikzhakñj e kfpiefejthakñj dei fksfm, ih ckjhikdhd hamrde h ihs jeaeskdhdes de ih amfphøæh, es fhje`hr perspeatkvhs efpreshrkhies fmderjhs que bejerej ahflkms  prmduatkvms dejtrm de ih mrbhjkzhakñj, cmahikzhdh ej estrhtebkhs que perseverej ei ahpkthi oufhjm, cmr`hjdm ei efpmderhfkejtm efpreshrkhi y areakfkejtm ihlmrhi ej imh amihlmrhdmres de AFF. ^mr eiim ims amihlmrhdmres de AFF, delerèj delerèj prmpmjer estrhteb estrhtebkhs khs kjjmvhdmrhs kjdepejdkejtefejte kjdepejdkejte fejte hi èreh que pertejezahj, yh que amj su arkterkm prmceskmjhi hpmrthrhj uj vhimr hbrebhdm hbrebhdm deshrrmiihjdm sus sus ohlkikdhdes y amfpetejakhs, amfpetejakhs, amj estm mtmrbhjdm amfprmfksm y ckdeikdhd ohakh ih i h mrbhjkzhakñj, mtmrbhjdm ih kfpmrthjakh que ei amihlmrhdmr se fereae dejtrm de ih i h mrbhjkzhakñj, mtmrbhjdm ujh dkstkjakñj h chvmr versus ih amfpetejakh hatuhi de amferakhikzhdmrhs de amsfëtkams, pmr ejde ims amihlmrhdmress hi mtmrbhr ese vhimr hbrebhdm se ohrèj hareedmres h estms dkstkjtms amihlmrhdmre  lejeckakms que que amjtkeje ei pihj de kjaejtkvms.

5. brhdms phrh ih amfphøæh y ei amihlmrhdmr, bejerhjdm uj amstm lejeckakm phrh hflhs phrtes, veihjdm ei lkejesthr dei deshrrmiim prmceskmjhi dei amihlmrhdmr y ei areakfkejtm eamjñfkam de ih amfphøæh. Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. ej ser skefpre ujh efpresh deshthahdh ej ei ferahdm amsfëtkam, mcreae ims fe`mres prmduatms de ahikdhd mtmrbhjdm esh shtkschaakñj de uj esthlie hflkejte ihlmrhi hi aikejte kjterjm desde ei prkfer dæh de kjbresm h ih amfphøæh, ih auhi se rmdehrè de prmceskmjhies hithfejte ahphakthdms y ahikckahdms, fmtkvhdms phrh esthr ejahfkjhdms ohakh ims ml`etkvms ej amfðj de ih amfphøæh.

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

53

5.4.  Ml`etkvms

5.4.>.  Ml`etkvm Bejerhi 

 

Fmtkvhr h ims amihlmrhdmres de ih efpresh AFF phrh que su desefpeøm seh eckahz y eckakejte amj uj hdeauhdm aikfh ihlmrhi, recie`hdm ej ihs hatkvkdhdes que rehikzhj h dkhrkm. Ims auhies hamrde h su desefpeøm ihlmrhi lhshdms ej ih exaeiejakh y ahikdhd serèj reamjmakdms hi mtmrbhr este pihj de kjaejtkvms.

5.4.8.  Ml`etkvms Espeaæckams   Kjaejtkvhr ei desefpeøm ihlmrhi dei amihlmrhdmr h trhvës dei pihj de



kjaejtkvms, fe`mrhjdm ih ahikdhd de vkdh.   Hufejthr ih prmduatkvkdhd de ims amihlmrhdmres ejcmahdms ej sus ohlkikdhdes



y amfpetejakhs pmr aufpikfkejtm de ml`etkvms.   Dksfkjukr rufmres de phskiim que bejerhj fhi aikfh ihlmrhi mltejkejdm ujh



eievhdh rmthakñj de persmjhi y husejtksfms ej Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H.   Fe`mrhr ih amfpetktkvkdhd dei ferahdm h trhvës dei lkejesthr dei ahpkthi



oufhjm bejerhjdm vejth`hs phrh ih amfphøæh.   ^rmfmver uj ñptkfm desefpeøm ihlmrhi y prmceskmjhi pmr fedkm de ujh

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hdeauhdh bestkñj dei thiejtm oufhjm, bejerhjdm areakfkejtm amrpmrhtkvm kjterjm y exterjm.

5.5.  Mrkejthakñj phrh ei estudkm Este prmyeatm deckjkrè ei tkpm de kjaejtkvms que se pudkerhj deshrrmiihr ej ih efpresh AHQH FMEIIDE\ FH\TKJEP A.H. amj ei ckj ck j de bejerhr persmjhi hithfejte amfprmfetkdm, hdefès se fe`mrhr ei hflkejte ihlmrhi y skj dudh ihs ’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

52

reihakmjes kjterpersmjhies kjterpersmjhies de cmrfh hsaejdejte y desaejdej desaejdejte. te. Este tefh es de vkthi kfpmrthjakh omy ej dæh yh que amj`ubh thjtm ei lkejesthr phrh ei efpiehdm amfm phrh ei efpiehdmr .

5.3.  Fhram teñrkam 5.3.>.  ^ihj de Kjaejtkvms Qebðj uj hjèiksks rehikzhdm rehikzhdm pmr (Jebmakms, 85) se am amjskderh jskderh ml`etkvhfejte que0 que0 Ujh de ihs estrhtebkhs fès eckahaes phrh cmfejthr ih i h prmduatkvkdhd y chvmreaer ih retejakñj dei thiejtm oufhjm dejtrm de ih mrbhjkzhakñj, es h trhvës de uj pihj de kjaejtkvms. ^mr fedkm de estms kjdkahdmres, se pretejde reamfpejshr y fmtkvhrh h ims trhlh`hdmres phrh que dej im fe`mr de sæ fksfm y mltejbhj esthlkikdhd ihlmrhi ej ih efpresh. ’Ih eckahakh y eckahakh y eckakejakh dei amihlmrhdmr serèj uj kjdkahdmr cujdhfejthi prevkm, hi de amjduaths e kjdkahdmres pmr ihs auhies serè prefkhdh tmfhjdm ej auejth estms kjdkahdmres phrh ih kfpiefejthakñj dei pihj de kjaejtkvms‖ kjaejtkvms‖ (Ahlm, 85, pèb. 881) Ims hspeatms h tmfhr ej amjskderhakñj smj0

5.5.8.>.  Ei ml`etkvm rehi dei pihj de kjaejtkvms.- Im prkferm que ohy que rehikzhr es hjhikzhr pmr quë se vh h kfpihjthr este pihj, sk eceatkvhfejte ei ckj es fmtkvhr h ims amihlmrhdmres, ohaer que se skejthj fès añfmdms y vhimrhdms7 fe`mrhr ei rejdkfkejtm m retejer ei thiejtm (Jebmakms, 85).

5.5.8.8.  Ihs amjduaths reamfpejs reamfpejshdhs.hdhs.- Ei sebujdm phsm que se tejdrè que ohaer es reciexkmjhr smlre quë tkpm de amjduaths e kjdkahdmres se vh h kjaejtkvhr y que evhiuhakmjes dhrèj ims resuithdms. Qe puede hjhikzhr phrh mtmrbhr hibujhs reamfpejshs reamfpejshs ej lhse h amjduaths aufpikfkejtm de ml`etkvms pmr dephrthfejtm m èreh sebðj amfm ih efpresh im esthliezah, amj ih ckjhikdhd ’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\

FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

5?

de que tmdms ims amihlmrhdmres phrtkakpej ej esths reamfpejshs, de im amjtrhrkm se arehrè amjcikatms kjjeaeshrkms ej ih mrbhjkzhakñj (Ujkverskh, 85).

5.5.8.

8>>%

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs ^rebujth 1 M^AKMJEQ

^UJTH@EQ

^M\AEJTH@EQ

QK

85>

??%

JM



8

8>>%

TMTHI

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs 1. ½Amjskderh Ud. que ih hskbjhakñj equkthtkvh de kjaejtkvms ihlmrhies kjciuyej ej su desefpeøm ihlmrhi= JM 8

4. ½Aree usted que ih efpresh mtmrbh deshrrmiim deshrrmiim y areakfkejtm prmceskmjhi=  Thlih 88 ^rebujth 4 M^AKMJEQ

^UJTH@EQ

^M\AEJTH@EQ

QK

5>



8>>%

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs

4. ½Aree usted que ih efpresh mtmrbh deshrrmiim y areakfkejtm prmceskmjhi=

QK

8>>%

TMTHI

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82) Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs 5. ½Amjskderh que ims kjaejtkvms jm fmjethrkms hyudhrèj h fe`mrhr su prmduatkvkdhd ihlmrhi y usted se sejtkrè fès shtksceaom efmakmjhifejte ej su èreh de trhlh`m= = JM 1%

QK ;2%

Ckburh 8> ^rebujth 5 Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82)  Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs 

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

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Amjaiuskñj.-  Ei persmjhi de AFF, amjskderhj que ims kja kjaejtkvms ejtkvms jm fmjethrkms hyudhrèj hyudhrèj h fe`mrhr ih prmduatkvkdhd efpreshrkhi shtkschakejdm ihs jeaeskdhdes persmjhies  prmceskmjhies chfkikhres chfkikhres y persmjh persmjhies, ies, estm se re represejth presejth ej uj ;2%

3. ½Amjskderh usted que ih mrbhjkzhakñj se premauph y veih pmr ei lkejesthr de ims amihlmrhdmres de AFF= Thlih 81 ^rebujth 3 M^AKMJEQ

^UJTH@EQ

^M\AEJTH@EQ

QK

84>

?

8?%

82>

8>>%

TMTHI

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82)  Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs

3. ½Amjskderh usted que ih mrbhjkzhakñj se premauph y veih pmr ei lkejesthr de ims amihlmrhdmres de AFF=

JM 8?%

QK ?%

TMTHI

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82)  Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

?4

2. Ej estms ðitkfms 5 høms, ½Qe oh kfpiefejthdm hibðj prmbrhfh de pihj de kjaejtkvms= JM 1%

QK ;2%

Ckburh 8< ^rebujth 2  Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82)  Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs Amjaiuskñj.Ei persmjhi de AFF amjskderh que ej uj ;2% jm oh skdm hareedmr h uj ahflkm de  lejeckakms mtmrbhdms mtmrbhdms pmr ih amfp amfphøæh, høæh, hatuhifejte hatuhifejte auejth amj lejeckakms perm jm ohj skdm rejmvhdms y jm se cmfejth ih fmtkvhakñj pmr ims fksfms

?. ½Qe skejte shtksceaom amj ims lejeckakms mtmrbhdms hatuhifejte hatuhifejte pmr ih amfphøæh= Thlih 85 ^rebujth ? M^AKMJEQ 

^UJTH@EQ 

^M\AEJTH@EQ 

QK 

81>

23%

JM 

4>



8>>%

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H.  Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

?5

?. ½Qe skejte shtksceaom amj ims lejeckakms mtmrbhdms hatuhifejte pmr ih amfphøæh=

JM > fetrmdñihres ims auhies  puedej ser ser ahj`ehdms ppmr mr tkagets hërems h auhiquker des destkjm, tkjm, este kjaejtkvm se im mtmrbhrh fedkhjte smrtem pmr dephrthfejtm ujh vez hi høm, ej ei fes de hjkvershrkm de ih amfphøæh.

\esuithdm esperhdm0 Eckahakh y eckakejakh ej ihs hatkvkdhdes deshrrmiihdhs deshrrmiihdhs pmr ei amihlmrhdmr  

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

8><

5.85.>.1

^hrh iievhr h ahlm ujh pihjehakñj pi hjehakñj de ihs jeaeskdhdes de persmjhi se tmfh ej amjskderhakñjj ihs skbukejtes hatkvkdhdes0 amjskderhakñ   \ehikzhr ih deckjkakñj ih deckjkakñj estrhtëbkah de tu efpresh de hauerdm h tu auiturh



efpreshrkhi (^ërez M. , 85).   Deterfkjhr ihs ahrhateræstkahs cujdhfejthies que delerè tejer ei persmjhi de



hauerdm h ihs pmiætkahs y jeaeskdhdes jeaeskdhdes de ih mrbhjkzhakñj (^ërez M. , 85).   Esthlieaer im que amfm mrbhjkzhakñj se mcreae h ihs persmjhs que ihlmrhj ej



ih efpresh efpresh (^ërez M. , 85).   Amjskderhr sk ohlrè ahflkms estruaturhies kfpmrthjtes ej ih amfphøæh ej ei



cuturm, amfm pmdræh pmdræh ser ih `ulkihakñj de uj hitm dkreatkvm (^ërez M. , 85).   Arehr uj mrbhjkbrhfh y de deckjkr ckjkr ihs pmskakmjes ihlmrhies ihlmrhies requerkdhs, requerkdhs, estm



 lrkjdhrè ujh vkskñj kjtebrhi de quë èrehs èrehs de ih efpresh efpresh se tejdrè fès fmvkfkejtms de persmjhi y ihs jeaeskdhdes espeaæckahs de ahpkthi oufhjm, hsæ se pmdrè amfejzhr h pihjehr ihs mpmrtujkdhdes de areakfkejtm prmceskmjhi  phrh ims efpiehdms efpiehdms (^ërez M. , 85). 85).

4

Ih prèatkah trhdkakmjhi de reaiuthfkejtm y seieaakñj hpujthlh h htrher  persmjhs de de fhjerh mpmrtujh tmfhjdm ej auejth auejth fès ims htrklutms ddee amjmakfkejtm, tëajkams y experkejakh phrh aulrkr ihs vhahjtes ej ujh efpresh, skj eflhrbm omy ej dæh hi kjamrpmrhr ihs amfpetejakhs ahflkh ih vkskñj yh que hdefès de im hjterkmr se  lusah h ih persmjh amj uj percki que se hd hdhpte hpte h ihs jea jeaeskdhdes eskdhdes dei ahrbm ahrbm perm thflkëj h ih mrbhjkzhakñj ej su tmthikdhd t mthikdhd tmfhjdm ej auejth sus vhimres y auiturh (^ërez M. , 85) . Tmdm estm serè ih lhse dei reaiuthfkejtm, evhiuha evhiuhakñj, kñj, deshrrmiim y prmfmakñj dei thiejtm oufhjm oufhjm dejtrm de ih eefpresh fpresh (^ërez M. , 85).

1.  Amjstrukr perckies de puestm  Ei percki de puestm es uj dmaufejtm ej ei auhi se kjaiuye tmdh ih kjcmrfhakñj de ih pmskakñj ihlmrhi h desefpeøhr amfm smj ihs ohlkikdhdes, amfpetejakhs, hatktudes, cmrfhakñj eduahtkvh y prmceskmjhi, experkejakh, eta. Es cujdhfejthi que ei reaiuthfkejtm y seieaakñj dei persmjhi estë lhshdm ej ims perckies de puestm eihlmrhdms phrh hseburhrjms de esthr amjtrhthjdm h ihs persmjhs que aufpihj ims requksktms y que su percki seh hdeauhdm h ims vhimres y ih auiturh mrbhjkzhakmjhi (^ërez M. , 85). Hibujms de ims eiefejtms esejakhies que se kjaiuyej ej ih desarkpakñj dei puestm smj0   Desarkpakñj bejerhi dei puestm.



  ^rkjakphies respmjshlkikdhdes y hatkvkdhdes.



  Feths y ml`etkvms bejerhies.



  ^mskakñj dejtrm dei mrbhjkbrhfh y ej ih iæjeh de fhjdm.



’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

8>5

  \efujerhakñj (usuhifejte se fhje`h uj rhjbm). r hjbm).



  Kjdkahdmres de prmduatkvkdhd.



  Ohlkikdhdes, auhikdhdes persmjhies.



  Hptktudes y experkejakh requerkdhs.



4.  Deshrrmiihr pmsklies fhphs de ahrrerh  Ujh vez arehdm ei auhdrm mrbhjkzhakmjhi y rehikzhdm ih deckjkakñj de perckies de puestm y deterfkjhdm ihs amfpetejakhs ihs amfpetejakhs requerkdhs phrh requerkdhs phrh ahdh uj ujmm de eiims, es fmfejtm de que se efpkeae h trhzhr t rhzhr ims pmsklies ahfkjms de deshrrmiim y areakfkejtm  prmceskmjhi que que puede tejer aahdh hdh pmskakñj ej ih mrbhjkzhakñj (^ërez M. , 85). Uj e`efpim de estm pmdræh ser ujh persmjh que kjkakhifejte kjbresh h ih efpresh amfm hskstejte hdfkjkstrhtkvm y amj ei tkefpm fuestrh amjmakfkejtms y ohlkikdhdes phrh ei èreh ckjhjakerh puede, amj ei ejtrejhfkejtm hdeauhdm ser  prmfmvkdh amfm amfm huxkikhr amjthlie y despuës amfm aamjthdmr, mjthdmr, sk skbue prephrèjdmse prephrèjdmse  pmdræh ser ammrdkjhdmr ammrdkjhdmr y desp despuës uës berejte dei dei èreh ckjhjakerh y hhsæ sæ evejtuhifejte kr hsaejdkejdm hsaejdkej dm ej ei mrbhjkb mrbhjkbrhfh rhfh (^ërez M. , 85 85). ). Hi rehikzhr estms pihjes de ahrrerh ohy que fhjtejer ih fejte hlkerth y mlservhr tmdhs ihs pmsklkikdhdes que puedej bejerhrse yh que este prmaesm hyudhrè h amjthr amj uj equkpm de de trhlh`m fmtkvhdm h lusahr hvhjzhr hvhjzhr ej su vkdh ihlmrhi (^ërez M. , 85).

5.  Iievhr h ahlm uj prmaesm cmrfhi de evhiuhakñj de desefpeøm Ej ih hatuhikdhd de ih bestkñj dei thiejtm oufhjm ih evhiuhakñj dei desefpeøm y ei pihj de ahrrerh smj dms oerrhfkejths estrhtëbkahs que se

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

8>3

amfpiefejthj de fhjerh fuy kfpmrthjte amfm phrte de uj pihj kjtebrhi phrh amjthr amj uj equkpm equkpm de trhlh`m amfp amfpetktkvm etktkvm (^ërez M. , 8 85). 5). Ihs evhiuhakmjes Ihs  evhiuhakmjes de desefpeøm dei equkpm de trhlh`m smj ujh aihrh mpmrtujkdhd phrh amjmaer ei vhimr que ahdh ujm de ims amihlmrhdmres puedej hpmrthr h ih efpresh ej mtrms puestms ihlmrhies m ej hatkvkdhdes dkstkjths h ihs hatuhies yh que mcreae dhtms haerah de ihs amfpetejakhs, amjmakfkejtms, ohlkikdhdes, cmrthiezhs, èrehs de mpmrtujkdhd y prmduatkvkdhd de ih persmjh, estm represejth ujh pkezh aihve hi fmfejtm de prmpmjer uj pihj de ahrrerh que chvmrezah ei deshrrmiim prmceskmjhi dei trhlh`hdmr pmr fedkm fedkm de hsaej hsaejsms sms (^ërez M. , 85).

3.  Kdejtkckahr ims thiejtms dejtrm de ih mrbhjkzhakñj  Ej lhse h ims resuithdms r esuithdms de ihs evhiuhakmjes de desefpeøm, se dele rehikzhr ei dkseøm dei pihj de ahrrerh, ei auhi serè kdejtkckahr y amjmaer ahdh ujm de ims thiejtms amj que amj amj ims que aue auejth jth ih efpresh (^ërez M. , 85). Ej ih bestkñj de thiejtm oufhjm se utkikzhrh ih oerrhfkejth dei skstefh Evhiuhr, yh que de fhjerh fuy brèckah ie perfkte evhiuhr h ims efpiehdms efpiehdms pmr ssuu desefpeøm y su pmtejakhi, de kbuhi fhjerh es fuy ðtki phrh amjmaer sus cmrthiezhs y èrehs de mpmrtujkdhd (^ërez M. , 85). De esth fhjerh se puede tejer ujh vks vkskñj kñj fès amfpieth de ihs jeae jeaeskdhdes skdhdes de deshrrmiim dei persmjhi y ie lrkjdhrh kjcmrfhakñj vhikmsh phrh ih tmfh de deakskmjes ej auhjtm auhjtm h pihjes de ahrrerh y pihje pihjess de suaeskñj. (^ërez M. , 85) Es kfpmrthjte que hi kdejtkckahr h tus thiejtms aihve ies prmvehs de ihs oerrhfkejths phrh hiahjzhr su fèxkfm pmtejakhi perm skj mivkdhr h ims defès amihlmrhdmress que se ejauejtrhj ej ihs defès ahtebmræhs yh que smj `usthfejte ims amihlmrhdmre

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

8>2

que requkerej fès fmtkvhakñj y prephrhakñj phrh que ej ei cuturm sehj thiejtms aihve de tu efpresh thflkëj (^ërez M. , 85). Este es uj ejcmque prmhatkvm phrh retejer hi thiejtm oufhjm que ie perfktkrè h ih efpresh ser exktmsh (^ërez M. , 85).

2.  Kdejtkckahr ihs ahphakthakmjes h aulrkr ej lhse h ihs amfpetejakh amfpetejakhss que se delej deshrrmiihr e kfpiefejthr uj pihj de haakñj  Ei skbukejte phsm amjskste ej deckjkr y prkmrkzhr ihs ahphakthakmjes y/m ejtrejhfkejtms que jeaeskth ei efpiehdm phrh imbrhr dmfkjhr ihs amfpetejakhs y amjmakfkejtms que requkere phrh sebukr hvhjzhjdm ej ei ahfkjm h deshrrmiihr amj ëxktm ujh ahrrerh prmceskmjhi prmceskmjhi dejtrm de ih mrbhjkzhakñj. Ohy que reamrdhr que ims  pihjes de ahrrerh ahrrerh jm lusah lusahjj smihfejte eeii pmtejakhikzhr ihs ohl ohlkikdhdes kikdhdes hatuhies skjm evhiuhr ej quë mtrhs èrehs puede exkstkr uj desaulrkfkejtm de juevhs amfpetejakh amfpetejakhss y hsæ fhxkfkzhr ei rejdkfkejtm dei ahpkthi oufhjm (^ërez M. , 85). Es esejakhi que ujh vez que se ohyhj deckjkdm ihs jeaeskdhdes de ahphakthakñj,, se prmaedh hi dkseøm de uj pihj de haakñj lkej deckjkdm, amj ml`etkvms y ahphakthakñj feths aihrhs hsæ amfm tkefpms esthlieakdms que delerèj ser respethdms. Ujh fhjerh de rehikzhrim es h trhvës de ujh thlih que kjaiuyh ml`etkvms ej tkefpms deterfkjhdms (^ërez M. , 85). Ei prmbrhfh puede kjaiukr fðitkpies hatkvkdhdes amfm0   Ahphakthakñj cmrfhi.



  Ieaturhs.



  Ahphakthakñj h trhvës de uj tutmr m fejtmr.



  Amhaokjb de ujm h ujm.



’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

8>?

  Skskths h kjstktuakmjes.



  ^uestms rmthtmrkms pmr dkvershs èrehs de ih efpresh.



  Estudkms prmceskmjhies.



?.  Ihjzhr ei pihj y amfujkahrim h ims amihlmrhdmres  Ei fmfejtm de pmjer ej fhraoh ei pihj oh ii iiebhdm, ebhdm, hseburhrse de reaklkr retrmhikfejthakñj de ims efpiehdms amjtkjuhfejte haerah de añfm oh resuithdm phrh eiims ei prmbrhfh de ahphakthakmjes y ei prmaesm ej bejerhi phrh que de esth fhjerh  puedhs kr perceaakmjhjdm perceaakmjhjdm ei pprmbrhfh rmbrhfh amj fhymres fhymres pmsklkikdhdes de ëxktm y areakfkejtm (^ërez M. , 85). De kbuhi fhjerh es de sufh kfpmrthjakh que ahdh ujm de ims amihlmrhdmres que phrtkakphrèj estëj ejterhdms de tmdm im que se kjaiuye, que amjmzahj sus resuithdms de ih evhiuhakñj y ihs amfpetejakhs que vhj h deshrrmiihr d eshrrmiihr phrh hiahjzhr ei  puestm hi que desehj iiebhr eejj ih efpresh (^ërez M. , 85).

;.  Dhr sebukfkejtm y fmjktmrem Este prmbrhfh dele esthr sustejthdm pmr uj prmaesm de amjtrmi smlre ei aufpikfkejtm dei pihj de haakñj y fmjktmrehr ihs desvkhakmjes que pudkerhj exkstkr, de kbuhi fhjerh es kfpmrthjte vhikdhr que ims resuithdms se estëj bejerhjdm de hauerdm h im esperhdm. ^hrh iievhr h ahlm este sebukfkejtm es de vkthi kfpmrthjakh ih amjsthjte amfujkahakñj amj ei efpiehdm phrh amjmaer sus hvhjaes, dudhs y expeathtkvhs y amj estm pmder rehikzhr ujh evhiuhakñj kjtebrhi dei pihj (^ërez M. , 85).

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

8>;

^mr ðitkfm, es kfpmrthjte k fpmrthjte reahiahr ih kfpmrthjakh de esthlieaer juevhs  prkmrkdhdes ej ahdh ahdh revkskñj y ej ahsm de ser jeaeshrkm dkseø dkseøhr hr juevms pihjes pihjes de haakñj amj ei ckj de que ei prmaesm estë ej amjtkjuh fe`mrh (^ërez M. , 85). Ei thiejtm aihve de ih i h efpresh estè ejcmahdm ej hvhjzhr ej sus ahrrerhs  prmceskmjhies,, fmtkvhrims h hiahj  prmceskmjhies hiahjzhr zhr su fèxkfm pmtej pmtejakhi. akhi. Hi tejer h Evh Evhiuhr iuhr amfm hikhdm ej hbestkñj dei ahpkthi oufhjm se imbrhrh uj equkpm de trhlh`m amfprmfetkdm amj su prmpkm deshrrmiim y dkspuestms h aufpikr sus feths hi fhxkfkzhr sus mpmrtujkdhdes ihlmrhies, ihlmrhies, hsæ ih efpresh serè ih eieaakñj amrreath h eiebkr phrh trhlh`hr (^ërez M. , 85).

\esuithdm esperhdms0 Deshrrmiim prmceskmjhi amj hperturh phrh hsaejsms y  prmfmakmjes, retejakñj dei ahp ahpkthi kthi oufhjm ej ih mrbhjkzhakñj

5.85.>.1. 

Dkpimfhs y auhdrm de omjmr pmr reamjmakfkejtm hi fe`mr

amihlmrhdmr seieaakmjhdm pmr dephrthfejtm

Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.a www.bmmbie.amf.ea mf.ea Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh  Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

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Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.a www.bmmbie.amf.ea mf.ea Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmcæh  Qmcæh Skiiebhs Ejræquez

Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.amf. www.bmmbie.amf.ea ea  Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Qe deseh mcreaer ih brhtktud de fhjerh cmrfhi y pðlikah pðlikahfejte fejte hjte tmdms ims amihlmrhdmres, amihlmrhdmre s, aikejtes kjterjms y exterjms, reamjmakejdm ims imbrms hiahjzhdms h trhvës de ims perkmdms evhiuhdms phrh ih ejtrebh de esth amjdeamrhakñj ej ei ahsm de ims dkpimfhs, y ei auhdrm de omjmr se im rehikzhrh r ehikzhrh fes h fes dmjde uj amihlmrhdmr  pmr èreh serè esambkdm pmr eeii iæder de èreh eevhiuhjdm vhiuhjdm su jkve jkveii desefpeøm.

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

888

Ims dkpimfhs se mtmrbhrhj h ims amihlmrhdmres que vhj 5, 8> y høms ej ih amfphøæh

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  Dkpimfh de mrm 0 .4. 

Aejhs, him`hfkejtms m deshyujms mtmrbhdm pmr ims prmveedmres

omteierms hi fe`mr amfphøerm

Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.a www.bmmbie.amf.ea mf.ea Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh  Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

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Ims tkagets de aejhs, him`hfkejtms m deshyujms mtmrbhdm pmr ims prmveedmres omteierms hatuhifejte amj Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. serèj thflkëj mtmrbhdms h ims amihlmrhdmress que shiej ej ei auhdrm de omjmr ej uj smrtem trkfestrhi, amj ih amihlmrhdmre ih ckjhikdhd de mtmrbhr hi amihlmrhdmr uj fmfejtm brhtm que im puede dkscruthr amj hibðj chfkikhr m hfkbm.

\esuithdm esperhdm0 Kjarefejtm ej ih prmduatkvkdhd ihlmrhi, reduaakñj dei estrës. 

5.85.>.5. 

Omrhrkms de verhjm \ebkñj skerrh hbmstm \ebkñj amsth fhrzm

www.bmmbie.amf.ea mf.ea Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.a Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh  Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez Ims omrhrkms de verhjm estèj hdhpthdms phrh que ei amihlmrhdmr y ih chfkikh hprmveaoejj dei tkefpm de su chfkikh amj sus ok`ms, se ohj deskbjhdm que ej iims hprmveaoe ms feses de hbmstm y fhrzm ims amihlmrhdmres pued puedhj hj shikr ihs 840>>, amj ih ckjhikdhd de amfphrtkr amj sus ok`ms ej ihs vhahakmjes esamihres.

\esuithdm esperhdm0 Amjakikhakñj ejtre ei trhlh`m y ih chfkikh reduakejdm ei estrës ihlmrhi

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

881

5.85.>.3. 

^ihjes \earehtkvms

Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.a www.bmmbie.amf.ea mf.ea Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh  Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez Cmfejthjdm ei hprmveaohfkejtm dei tkefpm iklre, ei trhlh`m ej equkpm cuerh de omrhs ihlmrhies, arehr væjauims de hfksthd ejtre amfphøerms de trhlh`m, se oh  prmpuestm kfpiefejthr kfpiefejthr uj esphakm esphakm de tkefpm dmjde ei amihlmrhdmr ppmdrè mdrè fe`mrhr su ahikdhd de vkdh y esthlkikzhr sus vkdhs efmakmjhi, cæskah y persmjhi. Ihs hatkvkdhdes rearehtkvhs kjaiuyej im skbukejte0   ^hsems y exaurskmjes prmbrhfhdhs

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  Ahfpemjhtms de cutlmi kjter efpreshrkhi

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Qe deskbjh ei ðitkfm dæh vkerjes de ahdh fes de840>> H 820>> phrh rehikzhr este tkpm de hatkvkdhdes ej ih amsth aerah de ih mckakjh ulkahdh ej ei jmrte de ih akudhd y ej ih skerrh ulkahdhs ej Auflhyè.

\esuithdm esperhdm0 Cmfejthr ei trhlh`m ej equkpm thjtm ej im prmceskmjhi amfm ej im ihlmrhi. 

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

884

5.85.>.2. 

^hushs hatkvhs

Cuejte0 Ahsh Fmeiier Fhrtæjez A.H. (82)   Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez AFF hi amjakejtkzhr ihs omrhs ihlmres ihlmres exaeskvhs que ims amihlmrhdmres amihlmrhdmres desefpeøhj, desefpeøh j, oh esthlieakdm amfm pmiætkah efpreshrkhi dmjde ei amihlmrhdmr ahdh 4 omrhs tres veaes pmr pmr sefhjh se rehikzhrh ujhs akerth sea seaakmjes akmjes de phush phushss hatkvhs, hirededmr de ujms 85 fkjutms pmr dæh, amj ih ckjhikdhd de mtmrbhr hi amihlmrhdmr uj  pmam de dkstrhaakñj dkstrhaakñj y reih`hakñj reih`hakñj,, dmjde se sueie sueie trhlh`hr lh`m pre preskñj. skñj.

\esuithdm esperhdm0 Dksfkjukr ei estrës ihlmrhi y evkthr ei sæjdrmfe de Lmrj mut.

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

885

5.85.>.?. 

Ahphakthakmjes

Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.a www.bmmbie.amf.ea mf.ea Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh  Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez Ihs ahphakthakmjes ahphakthakmjes y thiieres mtmrbhdms mtmr bhdms h ims amihlmrhdmres, tkejej ih ckjhikdhd de que ei amihlmrhdmr amihlmrhdmr tejbh uj deshrrmiim prmceskmjh prmceskmjhi,i, amj im auhi se pretejde cmrfhr amfpetejakhs amfpeteja khs y ohlkikdhdes que requkere ei persmjhi sebðj ahdh percki de puestm deterfkjhdm, de esth f fhjerh hjerh se iievhrh h ah ahlm lm hsesmræhs y amhaokjb smlre ims tefhs ejahfkjhdms ejahfkjhd ms h lusahr ei areakfkejtm persmjhi y prmceskmjhi dei dei equkpm AFF amj eiim se pmdrè hiahjzh hiahjzhrr ih shtkschaakmjes dei aikejte thjtm kjterjm amfm amfm exterjm dejtrm dei ferahdm amsfëtkam. Ihs ahphakthakmjes serèj amjtrhthdhs fedkhjte ejtkdhdes ej ih auhies se tkeje amjvejkms, ujh de eshs es ih Aèfhrh de Amferakm de Xuktm, ei auhi jms hyudhrh h tejer hatuhikzhdm hi persmjhi amj ahphakthakmjes hatuhies ihs auhies jeaeskthrèj phrh ei areakfkejtm ej ei puestm de trhlh`m.

\esuithdm esperhdm0 ^ersmjhi hithfejte ahphakthdm phrh fe`mrhr ihs hatkvkdhdes ihlmrhies amtkdkhjhs.

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

883

5.85.>.;. 

Evhiuhakñj de desefpeøm sefestr sefestrhi hi

Cuejte0 www.bmmbie.amf.ea  Eihlmrhdm pmr0 Qmckh Skiiebhs Ejræquez  Ih evhiuhakñj dei desefpeøm dele esthr cujdhfejthdh ej ujh serke de  prkjakpkms lèskams lèskams que mrkejtej ssuu deshrrmiim (Mlreb (Mlrebmj mj lerjhrdkjm , 83). 83). Ejtre ihs prkjakphies se puedej desthahr ihs skbukejtes0   Ih evhiuhakñj dei desefpeøm dele esthr ujkdh hi deshrrmiim de ihs persmjhs

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ej ih efpresh (Mlrebmj lerjhrdkjm , 83). 

 

Ims estèjdhres de ih evhiuhakñj dei desefpeøm delej esthr cujdhfejthdms ej kjcmrfhakñj reievhjte dei puestm de trhlh`m (Mlrebmj lerjhrdkjm , 83).

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Delej deckjkrse aihrhfejte ims ml`etkvms dei skstefh de evhiuhakñj dei desefpeøm (Mlrebmj lerjhrdkjm , 83).

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\equkere ei amfprmfksm y phrtkakphakñj hatkvh de tmdms ims trhlh`hdmres (Mlrebmj lerjhrdkjm , 83).

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Ei phpei dei supervksmr-evhiuhd supervksmr-evhiuhdmr mr dele amjskderhrse ih lhse phrh hamjse`hr fe`mrhs (Mlrebmj lerjhrdkjm , 83). 83).

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

882

\esuithdm esperhdm0 esperhdm0 ^ersmjhi hikjehdm hi aufpikfkejtm de ml`etkvms fe`mrhjdm su desefpeøm ihlmrhi.  H amjtkjuhakñj se dethiih uj cmrfhtm de evhiuhakñj phrh fedkr ims ml`etkvms  prmpuestms0

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

88?

Thlih ° 

Evhiuhakñj de 13> Brhdms

Ceaoh0 Dhtms dei evhiuhdm0  evhiuhdm0   Jmflre0 Dephrthfejtm0 ^uestm0

Dhtms dei evhiuhdmr  evhiuhdmr   Jmflre0 \eihakñj amj ei evhiuhdm

AMF^ETEJAKHQ AMF^ETEJAKH Q H ESHIUH\  

AHIKCKAHAKÑJ Fuy Deckakejte \ebuihr Luejm  luejm 8

Amfujkahakñj  Amfujkahakñj  8 Amfphrte kjcmrfhakñj de fhjerh eceatkvh y hsertkvh. Esauaoh hatkvhfejte y es reaeptkvm h ihs mpkjkmjes de < ims defès. 1 ^resth htejakñj ej ihs amjvershakmjes. 4 Qe amfujkah de fhjerh esarkth amj aihrkdhd. Expresh sus kdehs amj aihrkdhd y respetm h ih mtrh 5  persmjh. 3 Cmfejth ei dkèimbm de fhjerh hlkerth y dkreath.

Trhlh`m ej equkpm  equkpm  2 Qe desefpeøh amfm uj fkeflrm hatkvm dei equkpm. Kjspkrh, fmtkvh y buæh hi equkpm phrh ei imbrm de ihs ? feths. ; Amfphrte su amjmakfkejtm, ohlkikdhdes y experkejakh. Amfphrte ei reamjmakfkejtm de imbrms amj ei restm dei 8> equkpm.

\esmiuakñj de prmliefhs  prmliefhs  \eahudh kjcmrfhakñj de dkcerejtes cuejtes hjtes de 88 tmfhr ujh deakskñj. Qe ejcmah ej ims hsujtms aihve phrh resmiver ei 8<  prmliefh. Tkeje ciexklkikdhd y dkspmskakñj de ahflkm hjte ihs 81 sktuhakmjes.

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’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

88;

Amjskderh ihs kfpikahakmjes hjtes de iievhr h ahlm ujh 84 haakñj. amfpikahdhs. hs. 85 Amjservh ih ahifh ej sktuhakmjes amfpikahd

Fe`mrh amjtkjuh 83 Qe hdhpth h trhlh`hr amj juevms prmaesms y threhs.  Jm fuestrh reskstejakh h ihs kdehs de ihs defès 82  persmjhs. Lusah hatkvhfejte juevhs fhjerhs de rehikzhr ihs 8? hatkvkdhdes. 8; Qe escuerzh pmr kjjmvhr y hpmrthr kdehs. Lusah recmrzhr sus ohlkikdhdes y trhlh`hr ej sus èrehs de mpmrtujkdhd

Mrbhjkzhakñj y hdfkjkstrhakñj dei tkefpm tkefpm   Es ahphz de esthlieaer prkmrkdhdes ej sus threhs

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 Jmrfh Ujkverskthrkm 8

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8 \eshithdmr

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\ecrkberkms

2 feses

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Kjterjet

Brupm Tv Ahlie

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Fmvkikzhakñj

2 feses

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$15.>>

TMTHI ^H\AKHI0 $ 4?5.85   + 8> % DE KF^\ESKQTMQ0 $45.?

’DKQEØM [ QMAKHIKPHAKÑJ DE UJ ^IHJ DE KJAEJTKSMQ AMFM CHATM\ FMTKSHAKMJHI ^H\H FE@M\H\ EI DEQEF^EØM EJ IMQ AMIHLM\HDM\EQ DE IH EF^\EQH AHQH FMEIIE\ FH\TÆJEP A.H ULKAHDH EJ EI DKQT\KTM FET\M^MIKTHJM DE XUKTM 82-82‖ 82-82‖    

 

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