Diseño Eje-Grupo 2

 

Ljskøg lk Kckakftgs lk Aèqujfhs \KAH4 Ljskøglk ufKdk MR[^GF¾2 LG@KF\K4JFM.RGMKRTHYHCK\HCGTHFG

HRAHP\GRR KP,KCJG BKRFHBK HM[JCHR,IRHF@G @HCLKRGF ^JAJF@O[AG,JYHF PHF@OKTLGAJFM[KT,^KLR G \HF\HAHF\JCCH ,]HC\KR

 

Ljskøk kc kdk agstrhlg kf chs imurhs 8 y 2. Pk vh h ahqujfhr kf h`krg HJPJ 88>>. Kc kdk ks phrtk lk ch trhfsajsjðf phrh uf sjstkah lk sgpchlgr mrhflk, quk suajfjstrh hjrk h uf ogrfg. Kc kfmrhfk  H rk`jbk 2>> O^ lkc kfmrhfk ^. Kc kfmrhfk @ kftrkmh ch pgtkf`jh hc kfmrhfk X. Kc kdk mjrh h 9>> rpa.

Ijmurh F´ 2 Ijmurh F´ 8

 

Pgcu`jðf.

^rjakrg sk lktkrajfhrèf chs prgpjklhlks lkc h`krg phrh kc kdk. Lk ch imurh 04 Ksiukrzg lk ukf`jh sy 1?0,>>> psj Rksjstkf`jh h ch tkfsjðf su 1 88?,>>> psj ^gr`kfthdk lk kcgfmh`jðf 8:%. Kftgf`ks, kc ahtkrjhc kfk ufh bukfh lu`cjlhl. Akljhftk ch imurh 0 sk puklk ksahr ch rksjstkf`jh h ch hmh sf 1 >> psj.

Ijmurh F´ 0

 

Pk lkbk hpcj`hr uf h`tgr pgr thahøg h ch rksjstkf`jh lk hmh, pgrquk kc kdk skrè bhsthftk mrhflk, phrh trhfsajr cgs 2>> O^. Hufquk fg sk `gfg`k kc thahøg rkhc kf kstk agakftg, sk pglráh skck``jgfhr @s 1 >.=;, lk ch imurh .::, y sk ahfkdhrè @ R1 >.?8. Zh sk puklk `hc`uchr ch rksjstkf`jh rksjstkf`jh h ch hmh aglji`hlh4   s‚f 1 sf.@s.@R 1 (>>)(>.=;)(>.?8) 1 2;,;>> psj.   Pk supgflrè quk kc h`tgr lk ljskøg ks F 1 2. Fg sk kspkrh quk kc sgpchlgr tkfmh `ogquk g japh`tg jfusuhc. Hogrh sk `hc`uchrè kc phr tgrsjgfhc kf kc kdk, `gf ch k`uh`jðf4 \ 1 90>>> (^) / f 1 90>>>(2>>) / 9>> 1 28>>> cjb.pucm  Gbskrvk quk sðcg ch phrtk lkc kdk quk vh lk  H h @ ks ch phrtk sgaklh h kstk phr tgrsjgfhc. H ch lkrk`oh lkc kfmrhfk @ ohsth kc rglhajkftg L kxjstk phr tgrsjgfhc jmuhc h `krg.  

 

Iukrzhs sgbrk cgs kfmrhfks4 Ch imurh ; aukstrh cgs lgs phrks lk kfmrhfks `gf chs ukrzhs quk h`tôhf sgbrk cgs kfmrhfks H y @ jflj`hlhs. Gbskrvk quk kc kfmrhfk H sk japucsh pgr kc kfmrhfk ^, y quk @

japucsh h X`gf . Ks chs auy japgrthftk chs ljrk``jgfks lk kshs ukrzhs skhf `grrk`ths. Cgs vhcgrks lk kcchs sk `hc`uchf k`uh`jgfks (h)quk y (b)4

]t 1 \ / (L / 2) ]r 1 ]t. thf(i)

(h) (b)

Ijmurh F´ ;

 

Iukrzhs sgbrk kc kdk4 Kc sjmujkftk phsg ks jflj`hr kshs ukrzhs sgbrk kc kdk, kf sus pchfgs lk h``jðf `grrk`tgs y kf ch ljrk``jðf `grrk`th. Pk `hc`uchf chs rkh``jgfks kf cgs rglhajkftgs, y sk prkphr prkphrhf hf cgs ljhmrhahs lk ukrzh

`grthftk y agakftg lk kxjðf. Cgs rksucthlgs sk aukstrhf kf ch imurh 9. `grthftk Pk `gffôh `gf kc ljskøg akljhftk kc `èc`ucg lkc ljèaktrg aáfjag h`kpthbck lkc kdk, kf vhrjgs puftgs lkc ajsag. Kf `hlh puftg sk gbskrvhrè ch ahmfjtul lkc phr tgrsjgfhc y lkc agakftg lk kxjðf quk kxjsthf hccá, y sk ksahrè kc vhcgr lk cgs h`tgrks lk `gf`kftrh`jðf lk ksukrzgs. Pj kf ch `kr`hfáh lkc puftg lk jftkrês kxjstk aès lk ufh `gf`kftrh`jðf `gf`kftrh`jðf lk ksukrzgs, phrh kc ljskøg sk kapckhrè kc vhcgr ahygr. ahygr. @gf kstg sk supgfk quk chs ljs`gffujlhlks mkgaêtrj`hs mkgaêtrj`hs ajsahs fg jftkrh`tôhf, cg `uhc ks ufh bukfh prè``h. ^gr kdkapcg, kf kc puftg H kc `hfhc `ohvktkrg lkbk tkrajfhr au`og hftks lk quk `gajkf`k kc `ohèf lkc ks`hcðf. 8. ^uftg H4 Kc kfmrhfk H prglu`k tgrsjðf kf kc kdk, lkslk  H oh`jh ch lkrk`oh. H ch jzqujkrlh lk  H, lgflk ohy uf hfjccg lk rktkf`jðf, fg ohy ukrzhs, fj kxjðf fj tgrsjðf. Kc agakftg lk kxjðf kf  H ks `krg, pgrquk ks uf kxtrkag cjbrk lkc kdk. Hogrh sk pglrè kapckhr ch k`uh`jðf

(82-2>> cjb.pucm

Ijmurh 9

 

Kc agakftg lkkxjðf kf B ks ch rksucthftk lkc agakftg kf cgs pchfgs  x y y , lk h`ukrlg `gf ch imurh 94

Pk kapckh ch k`uh`jðf k `uh`jðf (`), h `hush lk ch `gflj`jðf lk ksukrzg `gabjfhlg,

(`)

Kf B, y h ch lkrk`oh lk B (ljèaktrg L0) tglg ks jmuhc, kx`kptg kc vhcgr lk Et1 2.;, lkbjlg hc `ohèf hmulg. Kftgf`ks4

 

Gbskrvk quk L< skrè ahygr quk L0, phrh pglkr tkfkr uf ks`hcðf phrh kc rglhajkftg. ^gr `gfsjmujkftk, skrè skmurg. skmurg. Pu ljèaktrg rkhc sk kspk`ji`hrè lkspuês lk ohbkr tkrajfhlg kc hfècjsjs lk ksukrzgs, y skck``jgfhlg kc rglhajkftg rglhajkftg kf B. Kc `htècgmg lkc hbrj`hftk hbrj`hftk lk rglhajkftgs rglhajkftgs kspk`ji`hrè kc ljèaktrg aáfjag h`kpthbck h ch lkrk`oh lkc rglhajkftg, phrh tkfkr uf ks`hcðf hlk`uhlg `gftrh kc `uhc hskfthrcg. 0. ^uftg @4 Kc puftg @ ks kc cumhr lkc kfmrhfk @ , `gf uf `ohèf bjkf rklgflkhlg h ch jzqujkrlh, uf `uøkrg lk

pkric ufhrklgflkhlg rhfur rhfurh h phrh hfjccg rktkf`jðf h ch lkrk`oh. Kf rkhcjlhl, kf kstklkc agakftg kc usgkf lkkcufkfmrhfk `ohèfybjkf ks ufhlk lk`jsjðf lk ljskøg quk ksthbck`k quk jflj`hr kf kc bhrrkfg kfmrhfk qukph uf `ohèf mrhflk. Kf mkfkrhc, ksg sjmfji`h oh`kr uf `ohèf kf chs shcjlhs lkc bhrrkfg. Kc agakftg lk kxjðf kf @ ks

H ch jzqujkrlh lk @ kxjstk kc phr tgrsjgfhc lk 28 >>> cb.pucm, y `gf kc `uøkrg lk pkric Et1 2.>. Kftgf`ks4

 

H ch lkrk`oh lk @ fg ohy phr, pkrg ch rhfurh phrh kc hfjccg sumjkrk quk Et1 0.> phrh ljskøg, y hccá ch kxjðf ks jfvkrlh. Pk puklk hpcj`hr ch k`uh`jðf (l), `gf Et1 0.>, A1 2>,=?> cb½pucm y \1 >

(l)

Pj kc h`tgr pgr rhfurh lk hfjccg ks 8.>9, kc ljèaktrg subk h 0.:> pucmhlhs. Kstk vhcgr ks ahygr quk kc `hc`uchlg h ch jzqujkrlh lk @ , pgr cg `uhc ks kc quk mgbjkrfh kc ljskøg kf kc puftg @ . =? cb.   Cgs ljèaktrgs aáfjags quk sk rkqujkrkf, `hc`uchlgs phrh chs ljvkrshs phrtks lkc kdk lk ch imurh 2, sgf cgs sjmujkftks4 L81 8.9; pucm L21 0.0> pucm L01 0.;; pucm L;1 0.:> pucm L91 8.>:< pucm  \habjêf,  \hab jêf, lkbk skr uf pg`g ahygr quk 0.:>, phrh tkfkr ks`hcgfks hlk`uhlgs kf kc kfmrhfk @ y kc rglhajkftg B.