Diseño de Mesclas - ACI

 

XFDJF Oµ 6

 F]KOXFBLKOX@] TKM@BKOHFH@] QFTF QFTF HLSKT]@] XLQ@] HK M@O]XT[MMLÝO M@O]XT[MMLÝO HK K]XT[MX[TF]

Bur`s y zfpftfs hk mlbkotfmlýo hk m`omrkt` rkc`rzfh`s Ufpftfs slbpjks, mfe`oks y bur`s hk jf sudkstrumturf

 F]KOXFBLKOX@] BÆ^LB@* BÂOLB@ ='' > mb 6'' 4 mb ='' > mb 6'' 4 mb

Sl`ijfusbyofbsuhr`kskhhklclmml``osmrkt` rkc`rzfh`s M J`sfs y pfvlbkot`s M`omrkt` mlmjýpk`

8 8'''' ='' 4''

XLQ@ HK K]XT[MX[TF

6 61 1 mmb b > mb ; mb

6 6'''' 6'' 6''

4 4 mmb b 4 mb 4 mb

* Kj fskotfblkot` pukhk lomrkbkotfrsk ko 6'' sl sk kbpjkf uo bìt`h` hk m`os`jlhfmlýo hlckrkotk f jf vldrfmlýo. MJF]LCLMFMLÝO HK BKUMJF] ]KIÕO ][ F]KOXFBLKOX@ M@O]L]XKOMLF HK HKJ M@ M@OMTKX@ ]kmf Qjæstlmf Cjulhf

F]KOXFBLKOX@ 1" f 4" =" f 8" ≫ ;"

XTFDFEFDLJLHFH Q`m` Xrfdfefdjk Xrfdfefdjk Buy trfdfefdjk

XFDJF Oµ 4 TKV[L]LX@] FQT@^LBFH@] HK FI[F HK BKUMJFH@ \ M@OXKOLH@ HK FLTK QFTF HLCKTKOXK] SFJ@TK] HKJ F]KOXFBLKOX@ \ XFBFÖ@ O@BLOFJ BÆ^LB@ HKJ  FITKIFH@

 F]KOXFBLKOX@

 FI[F KO gi/b= HK M@OMTKX@ QFTF J@] XFBFÖ@] O@BLOFJ BÆ^LB@ HKJ FITKIFH@ IT[K]@ \ M@O]L]XKOMLF LOHLMFH@

=/>"

6/4"

=/8"

61 bb 64.; bb 41 bb

6"

6²"

4"

="

3"

4; bb

81 bb

;1 bb

91 bb

6;1 bb

631 69; 6>; 6.1

6;; 691 6>1 1.;

68; 631 691 1.=

64; 681 1.4

68;

681

6=;

641

M@OMTKX@ ]LO FLTK LOM@TQ@TFH@ 6" f 4" = f ; mb 41; 411 6>; 6>1 =" f 8" > f 61 mb 44; 46; 411 61 69; 63; 631 ="" f f9 8"" 3 6>;ff6611mmb b Qr`bkhl` rkm`bkohfdjk pfrf kj m`otkolh` t`tfj hk flrk (%)

46 1; 1 4

61 1 1 6

6> 9; ; 6

69 31 1 6

63 ;; ; 6

63 ;1 1 6

6=- ;

>.1

9.1

3.1

;.1

8.;

8.1

=.;

=.1

XFDJF Oµ =

TKJFMLÝO FI[F/MKBKOX@ \ TK]L]XKOMLF F JF M@BQTK]LÝO HKJ M@OMTKX@ TKJFMLÝO FI[F/MKBKOX@ QK]@ TK]L]XKOMLF F JF M@BQTK]LÝO F M@OMTKX@ ]LO FLTK M@OMTKX@ M@O J@] 4> HÂF] (c'm (gi/mb4)) LOM@TQ@TFH@  FLTK LOM@TQ@TFH@ 8;1 1.=> 811 1.8= =;1 1.8> 1.81 =11 4;1 411 6;1

1.;; 1.34 1.91 1.>1

1.83 1.;= 1.36 1.96

 

XFDJF Oµ 8 XFBFÖ@ BÆ^LB@ O@BLOFJ HKJ  FITKIFH@ =/>" 6/4" =/8" 6" 6 6/4" 4" =" 3" XFDJF Oµ ;

S@J[BKO HKJ FI. IT[K]@, ]KM@ \ M@BQFMXFH@ Q@T [OLHFH HK S@J[BKO HKJ M@OMTKX@, QFTF HLCKTKOXK] BÝH[J@] HK CLO[TF HKJ FI. CLO@ 4.81 4.31 4.>1 =.11 1.;1 1.8> 1.83 1.88 1.;< 1.33 1.96 1.93 1.9> 1.>6 1.>9

1.;9 1.38 1.3< 1.98 1.93 1.9< 1.>;

1.;; 1.34 1.39 1.94 1.98 1.99 1.>=

1.;= 1.31 1.3; 1.91 1.94 1.9; 1.>6

 

HL]KÖ@ HK BKUMJF BÌX@H@ F.M.L. F. TKV[KTLB TKV[KTLBLKOX LKOX@5 @5 - Tkslstkomlf Kspkmlclmfhf (m`bprkslýo) - [s` - Mkbkot`5 Q`rtjfoh Qks` kspkmâclm` - FiM rkfiofthk`rfs5

5 5

c'm 2 Qr`dktfs

5 5

Xlp` L =.6; i/mb=

4>1 gi/mb4

5  FTKOKTF ]FO J[L] FI. CLO@ FI. IT[K]@ 4.9; % 1.9> % 6.>6 % 1.>< % 4.33 i/mb= 4.3; i/mb= =.1= =/8'' 636; gi/b= 68;4 gi/b= 69== gi/b= 636; gi/b=

Mfrfmtkrâstlmfs  Nu  Nubkhfh Ofturfj  F  Fd ds`rmlýo  Qk  Qks` kspkmâclm` hk bfsf  B  Bý ýhuj` hk clokzf  X  Xf fbfö` bæxlb` hkj firkifh`  Qk  Qks` uoltfrl` sukjt`  Qk  Qks` uoltfrl` vfrrljjfh` m`bpfmtfh` D. H@]LCLMF H@]LCLMFMLÝO MLÝO55 6. Fskotfblkot` 4. Xfbfö` bæxlb` hkj firkifh` iruks`

5 5

=" f 8" =/8"

M`oslstkomlf pjæstlmf (Xfdjf Oµ 6)

=.

Kstlbfmlýo Kstlbfmlýo hkj hkj m`otkolh` m`otkolh` hk fiuf hk hk bkzmjfh` bkzmjfh` (M`omrkt (M`omrkt` ` slo flrk flrk lom`rp`rf lom`rp`rfh`) h`)

8.

 Fiuf hk bkzmjfh`  Flrk ftrfpfh` Tkjfmlýo Fiuf/Mkbkot`5

=

x

2

55 F/M 2 1.;>

;. M`ot M`otko kolh lh` `h hk k mmkb kbko kot` t`55 M 2 (Qks` hkj Fiuf)/(Tkjfmlýo F/M) ß 3. Kstlbf Kstlbfmlýo mlýo hkj m`ot m`otkol kolh` h` hk firkif firkifh` h` iruks iruks`5 `5 S`j. Firkifh` iruks` skm` m`bpfmtfh`5  F.I.2 S*(Qks` [oltfrl`)((611+Fds`rmlýo)/611) 9. Kstlbf Kstlbfmlýo mlýo hkj m`otko m`otkolh` lh` hk firk firkifh ifh` ` clclo`5 o`5 (Bìt`h` hk v`jõbkoks fds`jut`s) Mkb. 2 (Qks` Mkbkot`)/(Qks` kspkmâclm`)  Fiuf  F.I.  Flrk S.Fds.  F.C. >.

2 2 2 2 2 2

(Qks` Fiuf)/(Qks` kspkmâclm`) (Qks` F.I.)/(Qks` kspkmâclm`) Q`rmkotfek hk Flrk Ftrfpfh` Mkb. + Fiuf + F.I. + Flrk.Ftrfp. 6 - (S.Fds.) (S`j. F.C.)(Qks` kspkmâclm`)

(Xfdjf Oµ 4)

411 J/b 4%

c'm F/M (Xfdjf Oµ =) =11 1.;; 4>1 x 4;1 1.34

M 2

=83.14 gi

S 2

1.;< b

2

>.68 djs/b= (Xfdjf Oµ 8)

2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2

=

gi/b=

 FI. S@J. (]KIÕO B.C.) 4.>1 =.11 =.6; =/8" 1.34 1.31 S

1.661 b= 1.411 b= 1.=31 b= 1.141 b= 1.34;.>4 gi/b=

Hlskö` hk bftkrlfjks ko m`ohlml`oks hk sfturfh` m`o supkrclmlk skmf p`r b = hk m`omrkt`5 BFXK BF XKTL TLFJ FJ QK]@ QK]@ (gi) (gi) S@J[BKO (b=) Mkbkot` =83.14 1.661  F.Clo` >4;.>4 1.=61  F.Iruks` 1.=31  Fiuf 411 1.411  Flrk 1.141 έ 4=4;.1= 6.111 Qks` uoltfrl` m`omrkt` crksm`

5

4=8; gi/b=

@G

(Xfdjf Oµ ;)

 

==.;< gi   · >=8 >=8 gi   ß  Firkifh` Iruks` 2 1 x 4;1 1.34

M 2

=83.14 gi

S 2

1.;< b

2

>.68 djs/b= (Xfdjf Oµ 8)

=

2

gi/b=

2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1.661 b= 1.411 b= 1.=31 b= 1.141 b= 1.34;.>4 gi/b=

 FI. S@J. (]KIÕO B.C.) 4.>1 =.11 =.6; =/8" 1.34 1.31 y

Hlskö` hk bftkrlfjks ko m`ohlml`oks hk sfturfh` m`o supkrclmlk skmf p`r b = hk m`omrkt`5 BFXK BF XKTL TLFJ FJ QK]@ QK]@ (gi) (gi) S@J[BKO (b=) Mkbkot` =83.14 1.661  F.Clo` >4;.>4 1.=61  F.Iruks` 1.=31  Fiuf 411 1.411  Flrk 1.141 Qks` uoltfrl` m`oέmrkt` crks4m=`4;.1=

6.111

5

4=8; gi/b=

@G

(Xfdjf Oµ ;)

 

==.;< gi   ·  Firkifh` Iruks` 2 =8 >=8 gi 49 gi/b=

D. H@]LCLMF H@]LCLMFMLÝO MLÝO55 6. Fskotfblkot` 4. Xfbfö` bæxlb` hkj firkifh` iruks`

5 5

=" f 8" 6/4"

FI. IT[K]@ 6.13 % 1..

(Xfdjf Oµ 4)

46; J/b 4.; %

c'm F/M (Xfdjf Oµ =) 411 1.91 6;1 1.34 681 x

M 2

=;;..=> djs/b= (Xfdjf Oµ 8)

=

2

>98.>= gi/b=

2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1.66= b= 1.46; b= 1.=4> b= 1.14; b= 1.3>6 b= 1.=6< b= >34.4= gi/b=

 FI. S@J. (]KIÕO B.C.) 4.>1 =.11 =.6< =/8" 1.;; 1.;= S

Hlskö` hk bftkrlfjks ko m`ohlml`oks hk sfturfh` m`o supkrclmlk skmf p`r b = hk m`omrkt`5 BFXK BF XKTL TLFJ FJ QK]@ QK]@ (gi) (gi) S@J[BKO (b=) Mkbkot` =;;.34.4= 1.=6<  F.Iruks` >98.>= 1.=4>  Fiuf 46; 1.46;  Flrk 1.14; Qks` uoltfrl` m`oέmrkt` crks4m=`1>.14

6.111

5

4=8; gi/b=

@G

(Xfdjf Oµ ;)

 

3; >3; gi   ß  Firkifh` Iruks` 2 >9;.34 gi   · >93 >93 gi   ß  Fiuf 2 466.6< J   · 466J   ß MKBKOX@ FI. CLO@ FI. IT[K]@ FI[F 6 5 4.8 5 4.; 5 4;.4 J/djs

plk=

x

1.=18> 6 plk=

x

MKB  FI.C

2 2

6

dj

1.14>= 1.1166

2

1.=18>

x

1.=18>

b=

b= b=

66. H`slclmfmlýo ko pks` p`r bktr` mõdlm`5 QFTF 3 QT@DKXF] S@J. M@OMTKX@ 4;88.3< puji= 1.18 b=

BFXKTLFJ MKBKOX@ FTKOF QLKHTF FI[F

MFOXLHFH 68.>8   · 6;gi   · =3.1> =3gi =3.;6   · =9gi   · >.>6 >.>J

>3;.4; >9;.34

2 2 2 6 4.8 4.; 1.3

66 H`slclmfmlýo ko v`jubko bktr` mõdlm`5 Mkbkot` 2 >.8> dj   · >. >.; ; gi   ß  Firkifh` Clo` 2 1.=4 b=   · 1.=4 1.=4 gi   ß  Firkifh` Iruks` 2 1.== b=   · 1.== 1.== gi   ß  Fiuf 2 466.6< J   · 466. 466.4 4J   ß MKBKOX@ FI. CLO@ FI. IT[K]@ FI[F 6 5 1.18 5 1.18 5 1.96 J/djs 6

2 2

6 1.18 1.18 48.=

gi gi

=.14 J 1.9< J =.>6 =.>6 J 466.6< J