Directional Drilling

Basics of Directional Drilling Presented by :

Shoaib Farooqui

Date 28/05/09

RULES OF THE HOUSE • This is a knowledge sharing session • No Cell Phones during the presentation – turn them off or put them on SILENT mode • All questions will be entertained after the end of each module • Break Timings should be followed

• Discipline – Responsiveness is the key today • UNLEARN to LEARN more • In case of any emergency don’t panic • Enjoy Learning !

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Content • Application of Directional Drilling • Petroleum Geology for Non-Geologists • Well bore Positioning • Introduction to Motors • Steering the Well • BHA Design, Weight and Forces • Torque and Drag Consideration • Stabilizer Consideration • Conclusion

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Definition of Directional Drilling

• Directional Drilling – is the science of direction a Well Bore along a predetermined Trajectory to intersect the designated Sub-Surface Targets

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First Directional Well in California

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Applications of Directional Drilling

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Re-Entry Versus New Wells

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Why Horizontal Wells?

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Why Horizontal Wells?

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Why Horizontal Wells?

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Horizontal Well Profiles

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Horizontal Wells Profiles

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Horizontal Wells Profiles

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Horizontal Wells Profiles

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Horizontal Wells Profiles

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Petroleum Geology for Non-Geologist

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Petroleum Geology

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Petroleum Geology

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Petroleum Geology

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Petroleum Geology

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Petroleum Geology

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Petroleum Geology

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Petroleum Geology

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Well Bore Positioning

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Reference System and Coordinates

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Well Bore Depth

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Depth Reference Points-Land and Offshore Rigs

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Inclination

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Azimuth – Hole Direction

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North Reference

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Magnetic Basics

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Magnetic Basics

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Magnetic Basics

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Mapping the World

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Mapping the World

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Coordinate System

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Coordinate System

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Coordinate System

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Coordinate System

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Mapping – Projection Systems

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Mapping – Projection Systems

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Mapping – Projection Systems

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Mapping – Projection Systems

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Mapping – Projection Systems

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UTM Zones

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UTM Coordinates

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UTM Coordinates

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Introduction to Motors

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Conventional Circulation System

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Motors

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Motors

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Motors

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Motors

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Motors

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UNDERSTANDING ROTAR / STATOR COMBINATION 1/2

5/6

2/3

7/8

3/4

9/10

The greater the number of lobes, the higher the motor torque and the lower the output RPM. The power section is often called the motor section. © 2006 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

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Positive Displacement Motors

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Steering the Well

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Steering the Well

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Steering the Well

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Steering the Well

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BHA - Components

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Drill Bits • DRILL BITS The process of drilling a hole in the ground requires the use of drilling bits. • Types of Drill Bits • Roller cone bits Steel tooth

Tungsten carbide inserts (TCI) • PDC or Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

• Natural or Synthetic Diamond (TSP)

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Stabilizers • STABILIZERS The placement and gauge of stabilizers are used as the fundamental method of controlling the directional behavior of most BHA. Stabilizers help concentrate the weight of the BHA on he drill bit. Ream out doglegs and key seats. They minimize bending and vibrations which cause tool joint wear and damage to BHA components such as MWD tools.

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Drill Pipes

• DRILL PIPES

• Support the weight of Drillstring • Transfer the torque to the bit. • Conduit for drilling mud

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Drill Collars

• DRILL COLLARS

• May be flush or spiral type. • Spiral type provides less area of contact • Provide WOB • Provide rigidity to the drillstring.

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Heavy Weight Drill Pipes • HWDP (Heavy Weight Drill Pipes) • Provide WOB with Flexibility • Less rigid & have less weight than DC • Less wall contact to reduce friction • Provides high rpm drilling with reduced torque

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Drilling Jars • JARS • Provide impact after sticking •

Notes on drilling jar

• Use the largest possible jar in the B.H.A (will give the biggest impact). • Don’t place any stabilizers above the drilling • Have the same diameter tubular above and below the jar • Have at least two drill collars or two stands of HWDP above the jar to act as anvil. • Don’t place the jar at or near to the neutral point.

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BHA - Weight and Forces

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Weight on Bit

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Weight on Bit

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Weight on Bit

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Weight on Bit

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Weight on Bit

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BHA Design Consideration

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Forces

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Torque and Drag Consideration

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Torque and Drag Consideration

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Torque and Drag Consideration

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Torque and Drag Consideration

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Stabilizer Consideration

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Stabilizer Consideration

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Types of Directional well profiles

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The Fulcrum Principle

• The principle involves using a lever and a pivot point to gain mechanical advantage

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Fulcrum Principle

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A stabilizer inserted in the drill string just above the bit acts as the pivot

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The drill collar above the stabilizer acts as the lever

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Applied weight causes the bottom collar to bow

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Pushes the bit hard against the top of the hole creating a tendency to build inclination

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Stabilizer Consideration

There are three basic principles

• FULCRUM principle

use to BUILD Angle

• STABILIZATION principle

use to HOLD Angle

• PENDULUM principle

use to DROP Angle

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Stabilization Principle & Packed (Hold) Assembly

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Pendulum Principle & Dropping Assemblies

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Conclusion

Directional Drilling is an ART or SCIENCE ??

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Thank You !

Q&A

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