Direct Fecal Smear (Stained)

DIRECT MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF FECAL SPECIMEN: STAINED INTRODUCTION Examination of the fecal material as a direct smear may or may not reveal organisms; in light infections, the number of organisms present may be very low to be observed under this method. Microscopic examination of feces is essential for the recognition and identification of intestinal parasites. It is also essential to increase i ncrease the probability of finding the parasites in f ecal samples to allow for f or an accurate diagnosis.

PROCEDURE/METHODS

2 drops of D’ Antoni’s

Pick 2 mg of feces using an

solution on a clean glass

applicator stick

slide

Add to saline, stir well.

Examine under the microscope

RESULTS AND INTERPRETATIONS Results: FECALYSIS Name of patient: Princess Avegail dG. Balajadia Age: 19 y/o Sex: Female PHYSICAL: Character: Formed Color: Brown Mucus: None Blood: None

Date: October 30, 2014

MICROSCOPIC: RBC: None WBC: None Parasite: No ova or parasite seen

FECALYSIS Name of patient: Miracel D. Caparas Age: 18 y/o Sex: Female PHYSICAL: Character: Formed Color: Dark Brown Mucus: None Blood: None

Date: October 30, 2014

MICROSCOPIC: RBC: None WBC: None Parasite: No intestinal parasite seen

FECALYSIS Name of patient: Angeli Paula S. Malang Age: 20 y/o Sex: Female PHYSICAL: Character: Formed Color: Dark Brown Mucus: None Blood: None

Date: October 30, 2014

MICROSCOPIC: RBC: None WBC: None Parasite: No intestinal parasite seen

Interpretation: Microscopic examination of our stool using direct staining technique shows no intestinal parasites, WBC and RBC on all stool specimens which is an indicative that all the patients have no associating disease.

ANSWERS TO GUIDE QUESTIONS AND THE QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH Guide Questions: 1. Based on your exercise, what are some of the problems or difficulties you encountered in performing the routine DFS? Specify the solution you employed to address the problems/difficulties. PROBLEMS OR DIFFICULTIES: -Difficulty in producing a good smear. The smear tend to be too thin or too thick making it difficult for us to see ova or parasites in our prepared slides.

SOLUTIONS/ REMEDIES: -Use an appropriate amount of stool and reagents and observe properly the procedures.

2. The amount of stool required to carry out DFS: 2mg 3. Which among these two techniques (Stained and Unstained DFS) is useful for the following: a. Demonstration of the motility of the parasite: Unstained DFS b. Study of the morphology of the parasite: Stained DFS c. For routine fecalysis: Unstained DFS Questions for Research: DIRECT WET FILM/S B. Direct Fecal Smear (STAINED)

ADVANTAGES - Ova’s identification can be made easily - It renders the nuclei of protozoan cysts more visible. - Wet mounts are useful for detecting motile organisms

DISADVANTAGES -The stain tends to obstruct the eggs due to over staining -Small size of the sample limits its usefulness. You may get inaccurate results. -False negative results are common with direct fecal smears

2. Give the composition of D’ Antoni’s solution. What are the effects of iodine on the parasites? The composition of D’ Antoni’s solution are 100 mL of distilled water, 1.5 g of potassium

iodide and 1.5 g of powdered iodine crystals. Iodine in the solution tends to coagulate the fecal particles and destroy the refractile nature of an organism. 3. What other stains may be used for direct fecal smears? 

10% Eosin



Merthiolate-Iodine-Formaldehyde

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Malachite Green

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Lugol’s Iodine



Sudan III



2g Potassium Iodide

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Gram’s Stain



Wright’s Stain

UPDATE

REFERENCE/S: nd

Elizabeth A. Zeibig, Clinical Parasitology: A Practical Approach, 2  edition, 2013 th

Susan King Strasinger, Marhorie Schaub Di Lorenzo, Urinalysis and Body Fluids, 5  edition, 2008 http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/diagnosticProcedures/stool/microexam.html http://www.med-chem.com/parasite.php?url=procedures&subsection=microscopic&tertiary_section=direct_wet_smear