Diez Pensamientos Acerca de La Política Fichas

September 17, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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@lkz pkfsadlkftjs aikria `k oa pjoätlia Nlibas Xjhkrtj Kspjsltj Uág. 99 L.

Ujoät ia

Uuk`k parkikr kxtrañj quk oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia, kdpkña`a kf lftkrdlfahoks `lsputas aikria `k oa `lnkrkfila `lsilpolfar ijf rkspkitj a oa ilkfila pjoätlia y a oa blstjrla `k oas `jitrlfas, plkr`a `k vlsta ko prjhokda nuf`adkftao quk ijf urgkfila ia`a vkz dayjr sk ok poaftka3 ko `k oa irki kftk hrkiba kftrk pjoät ia y pkfsad kftj.

‟Ks ijdj sl oa pjoätlia sk fkgask a oa kxpkrlkfila `ko pkfsadlkftj kf lguao dk`l`a kf quk ko pkfsadlkftj sk `kdukstra lfiapaz `k pkfsar oa pjoätlia.— Pks s `k Kspjs tj

‟oa nlojsjnäa fj ojgra ijodar ’j sùoj ijfjikr- oa hrkiba kftrk pjoätlia y pkfsadlkftj pjrquk ks prkilsadkftk kooa oa quk oa prj`uik.— Uág. 90 njrd a `k oa n ojsjnäa pjoät ia k ‟Oj quk sk prktkf`k skñaoar ks quk bay ufa rkoai ùf ` rkita kftrk njrda fiapai `a` `k pkfsar oa pjoät ia3 ks prkilsadkftk ksa njrda oa quk ldpl`k ko pkfsadlkftj aikria `k oa pjoätlia. \ (prìstksk atkfilùf) fj pjrquk oa n ojsjnäa fj `ì rkspukstas a ojs prjhokdas `k oa pjoät ia. Ao ijftrarlj3 kooa sùoj `a rkspukstas. Xkspukstas, dás kspkiän iadkftk, a sus prjp as iukst jfks, a oas iukstljfks quk kooa njrduoa sjhrk oa hask `k sus prjpljs prksupukstjs. Xkspukstas ijf oas quk sust tuyk oas prkguftas quk fj ijfs guk poaftkar= j quk poaftka

prkilsadkftk `kftrj `k ksjs prksupukstjs, kstj ks, kf ko okfguack `ko dìtj`j, `ko dk`lj y `ko jhcktlvj3 oa poasdailùf `ko jr`kf, `ko dkcjr rìgldkf, `k oj ótlo ijokitlvj, skgóf oas fkiksl`a`ks `k uf irltkrlj lfbahlolta`j para pkfsar oa pjoätlia, pjrquk kstá ya kf ko lftkrljr `k ufa llftkrprktailùf ftkrprktailùf kspkiänlia suya.— ‟Oa dj`aol`a` quk prkvaokik kf ko aikriadlkftj a oa pjoätlia pjr partk `k oa nlojsjnäa ks oa dj`aol`a` `k oa nuf`ailùf.—

 

‟…oa prktkfslùf `k oa nlojsjnäa `k nuf`ar ’nlojsùnliadkftk, y fj `k jtrj dj`j- oa pjoätlia3 iasl ijdj sl oa tarka `k oa nlojsjnäa nuksk pjfkrsk kf aitj pjoätliadkftk kf oa rkaol`a` j sl oa rkaol`a` pjoätlia sjpjrtask skr ‒k`uia`a“ pjr oa nlojsjnäa.— Uág. 9; ‟ºQuì qulkrk `kilr quk oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia prktkf`k ’j aiasj, dkcjr `libj3 quk pjr su prjplj kstatutj kstá njrza`a a- nuf`ar oa pjoätlia: Ylgflnlia quk kooa fj puk`k pkfsaroa sl fj ks kf oa njrda `k oa rkprkskftailùf. \, dás prkilsadkftk, `k oa rkprkskftailùf `ko jr`kf.— ‟Ks ijdj sl ko jr`kf pjoätlij `ldafask `lrkitadkftk `ko jr`kf `ko ijfikptj j ko kftrada`j dlsdj `k ojs ijfikptjs nlojsùnlijs nuksk oj quk atrlhuyk lfkou`lhokdkftk ko ijfnolitj ao jr`kf, a jr`kfar ko ijfnolitj. A lfstaurar ufa ksikfa kf quk ko ijfnolitj sk vukovk sldhùolij= ks `kilr, ufa vkz dás rkuflnlia`j, rklftkgra`j, nlca`j kf oa dlsda rkprkskftailùf quk oj pjstuoa ijdj skr. Fj kxlstk nlojsjnäa `ko ijfnolitj quk fj oj rk`uzia a su prjplj jr`kf iatkgjrlao y pjr kf`k quk fj oj rk`uzia kf `knlfltlva kf ko djdkftj kxaitj kf quk tadhlìf oj rkprkskfta, y dk`laftk `liba rkprkskftailùf3 ijdj oj tkstldjfla ko tra`liljfao prlda`j, kf nlojsjnäa pjoätlia, `k oa rk`uitlj a` ufud  `k  `k aqukooj quk pjr `knlflilùf ks partliuoar, quk`a oa partk, pkrj ijdj ùrgafj (faturao j artlnlilao, ks aogj quk abjra fj ldpjrta) `k uf tj`j.— Uág. 9;-> ‟kxlstk uf djtlvj pjr ko iuao oa rkprkskftailùf nlojsùnlia flkga ko ijfnolitj. Djtlvj ‒`k vl`a j dukrtk“, `lräask3 ijfslstk kf skñaoar quk jrlglfarladkf jrlglfarladkftk tk ko ijfnolitj ks oj quk flkga oa rkprkskftailùf, kf ko skftl`j `k quk aquìo ks prkilsadkftk lrrkprkskftahok, lrrkprkskftahok, ks oj quk fj puk`k skr rkprkskfta`j ’sl fj kf oa njrda `k su `lsjouilùf- `kftrj `ko darij iatkgjrlao `k oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia. Fj jhstaftk kooj, ko ijfno itj, kf tj`a su adpola gada `k kxprksljfks, fj ks jtra ijsa quk oa rkao `a` `k oa pjoät ia, su naitud, su naitlil`a`.— ‟…sl oa aftlfjdlalftra`uilhok kstá pjrknukra okfguack nlojsùnlij-pjoätlij ks pjrquk su`k trasnjf`j lrrkprkskfta`j, lftra`uilho kf su`kofjdjs uflvkrsao y, pksk a tj`j, slkdprkijfstltuyk kdkrgkftk kftrk ojs dárgkfks y `k oas nlsuras `k oa ur`ldhrk nlojsùnlia.— ‟Ko [fj ’ko Hlkf, oa Custlila- fj ks tra`uilhok kf pjoätlia, aufquk oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia fj puk`k rkfufilar a baikroj, a lftkftar rkprkskftar ksk prldud quk kxik`k iuaoqulkr rkprkskftailùf.— Uág. 97 @ks`k Uoatùf ‟Oa l`kftl`a` `k nlojsjnäa y pjoätlia ’oa `lrkiilùf nlojsùnlia `k oa pjols, quk aiasj ijfstltuya ko dás ijfjil`j `k ojs tkjrkdas poatùflijs- fj baik jtra ijsa quk tra`uilr kf oa ilu`a` oa artliuoailùf ardùflia y ko prlda`j `k oa razùf sjhrk oas jtras `js partks, lrasilhok y ijfiuplsilhok, `ko aoda.—

 

‟Ko bkibj `k oa pjoät ia baik tr zas oa ijrtkza `k oa rkprkskftai ùf n ojsùn ia, k rrknrkfahokdkftk oa trasi kf`k. Oj quk ks ufj kf oa tkjräa sk rkvkoa fn f tadkftk dóot pok kf oa rkao `a`.—

Uág. 9< ‟tj`j kstj ks iukstlùf quk apkfas sk puk`k rjzar aquä, pkrj quk ufa vkz dás `a oa dk`l`a `k oa ijftra`liilùf lftkrfa ao ojgjs nlojsùnlij-pjoätlij. Ìstk prktkf`k rkijfstltulr oas ijf`liljfks `k oa lftkolglhlol`a` gkfkrao `ko aiiljfar pjoätlij, pkrj sùoj puk`k baikroj a ijf`lilùf `k supr d r su aoda kf ` sijr` a. Oa ` sijr` a kf iuaftj tao, fj jr kfta`a bai a oa rkijdpjs i ùf, ks n ojsùn iadkftk f`ki hok, sl fj ijdj stasls, gukrra ilvlo, afarquäa3 kxaitadkftk aqukooj quk bjra`a oa rkprkskftai ùf n ojsùn ij-pjoät ia y ijfst tuyk su du du`j `j rkvkrsj.—

8. Ko jr`kf, ko k o ijfno itj, ko sucktj, oa rkprkskftai r kprkskftai ùf y ko daf`j `ko baikr pjoät ij pjr ko iatjo i sdj `ks`k Yibd tt

@lräask quk ko prjhokda `k oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia aftlgua sk vukovk ufa autìftlia jhskslùf para oa dj`krfa. ‟a oa pjoätlmì mjlfjfäa, ijdj ádhltj `ko bahoar y `ko aiiljfar kf ijdóf kf ko custj jr`kf `k oa pjols, sjhrkvlkfk ufa ijdpokca daqulfarla quk tlkfk kf su prjplj ikftrj oa iukst ùf `ko pj`kr y `k oas rkoai jfks `k daf`j/jhk` daf `j/jhk` kfi a quk `k aquìo `ldafa. Ylf kdhargj, skdkcaftk lfsaovahok `lstafila oìxlia aslgfa tj`aväa dás ìfnasls a oa ijftlful`a` para`lgdátlia quk, pjr `khacj `k oas trasdutailjfks iatkgjrlaoks y dkrik` a oa jpjslilùf, rkijrta ufa lftkfilùf nlojsùnlij-pjoätlia kf ijdóf.— ‟ko `kiakr `ko jr`kf faturao prksupukstj pjr oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia ioáslia kxbjrta a oa dj`krfa a ijfstru r uf jr`kf art n i ao taftj j dás d ás kn iaz kf oa dk` `a kf quk kstá garaft za`j, aftks quk pjr uf nuf`adkftj trasikf`kftk para kftjfiks ya lf`kilhok, pjr oa  ahsjouta ijfstr ii ùf `k su prjp a oùg ia fdafkftk.—

Uág. 05 ‟…ko rksjrtk `laoìitlij para ko surgldlkftj `ko sucktj kf ko ikftrj `k oa fukva rkprkskftailùf rkprkskftailùf `ko jr`kf. Ukrj atkfilùf3 fj kf ko skftl`j `k quk ko jr`kf ska ufa irkailùf `ko sucktj, taftj dkfjs `k uf sucktj trasikf`kftaodkftk olhrk, ijdj qulkrk oa náhuoa `ko ijftratj sjilao, slfj aftks hlkf kf ko `k quk ko sucktj ks irkai ùf ’j, dkcjr auf, nufi ùf- `ko jr`kf.—

‟Asä quk`a ioaradkftk `k daflnlkstj a partlr `k oa ilriufstafila `k quk sùoj oa prksupjslilùf `ko jr`kf pjtkstatlvj `ko Ksta`j tjrfa pkfsahok oa njrduoailùf `ko paitj kftrk sucktjs quk fj jhstaftk `khkräaf nuf`aroj—

 

‟oa ijfsudailùf `k oa suhcktlvl`a` ks pjslhlolta`a sùoj pjr ko sairlnlilj `k su lfdk`latkz faturao, kstj ks, pjr ufa aolkfailùf lffaturao, artlnlilao, a navjr `k ufa lfstltuilùf ’ko Ksta`j- ildkfta`a pjr ksa dlsda rkfufila.— ‟oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia dj`krfa kstá jhsksljfa`a pjr ko prjhokda `ko jr`kf ’j `k oa ufl`a`— ‟…ahjolilùf `ko ijfnolitj— ‟oa fukva ilkfila `khkrá kstar kplstkdjoùglia kplstkdjoùgliadkftk dkftk aufa`a pjr oa kolslùf `k iuaoqulkr rknkrkfila a ufa vkr`a` kxtkrfa a oa oùglia lfdafkftk `k su prjplj nufiljfadlkftj.— Uág. 01 ‟…ijfnlrdailùf `ko jr`kf lfdafkftk kf ufa l`kftlnliailùf tkf`kfilao `k skr y pkfsadlkftj, y `k sahkr y pj`kr— ‟ookva a iahj uf tkrrlhok ksnukrzj ’vlslhok kspkilaodkftk kf Xjusskau- para quk ijflfil`a ko pj`kr `ko Ksta`j ijf oas vjoufta`ks `k ia`a ufj `k ojs sóh`ltjs, kstj ks, para atrlhulr oa sjhkrafäa ao iukrpj sjilao pjr kftkrj.— ‟\ kooj ’oa kxiouslùf ‒nlojsùnlia“ `ko ijfnolitj `ko pafjrada `ko jr`kf- sùoj ks pjslhok ao aotäsldj prkilj quk paga oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia dj`krfa kftrk Bjhhks y Bkgko (pkrj kf njrda fj `ko tj`j ackfa ao prjplj Darx) ijf dj`aol`a`ks dj`aol`a`ks k lftkfiljfks sudadkftk `lstlftas, `k rk`ui r basta oa kxt fi ùf su prjp j jhcktj. J, dkcjr kxprksa`j3 `k supk`ltaroj a oa oùglia ijaiiljfa`a `k su pauoatlfa autjfkgailùf y kstj ijfn af`j prki sadkftk a oa pjoät ia oa tarka `k `kspjo t zar a oa sji k`a`, skgóf ksk rrknrkfahok dpuosj a oa fkutrao zai ùf ùf ]Uág. 08T `ko ijfno itj  kf quk pjr nlf sk rksukovk oa ijaii ùf ao jr`kf  quk ks slduotáfkadkftk tkojs y armbì `k oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia dj`krfa. Quk `liba fkutraolzailùf ska kf oa rkaol`a` ko rksuota`j jhcktlvj `k uf ‒kxiksj“ `k pjoätlia ’`k oa njrdaolzailùf, j sustraiilùf a oa faturaokza, `k tj`js ojs väfiuojs budafjs- fj jhsta para quk sk ijfn gurk kf oa tkjräa ijdj ijfikftrai ùf `ko pj`kr kftkrj kf dafjs `ko sjhkrafj, y pjr taftj ijdj ufa

`kspjo t zai ùf `k tj`j iuaftj oj rj`ka. —

Uág. 09 @ks`k Baffab Arkf`t y Iaro Yibdltt ‟Yl oa prldkra bahäa ijfkita`j ko dj`krfj prjiksj `k tkiflnliailùf `k oa pjoätlia ijf ufa blpkrtrjnäa `ko aparatj rkprkskftatlvj quk tkrdlfa pjr vailar `k pj`kr knkitlvj a oa pouraol`a` `k sucktjs rkprkskfta`js, ko skguf`j, skguf`j, pjr ko ijftrarlj, oj atrlhuyk, ijdj iausa y a oa vkz knkitj, a ufa `rástlia kolslùf ]º`khloltailùf:T `k oa rkprkskftailùf. rkprkskftailùf.—— ‟ijfnouykf kf uf puftj kspkiänlij3 kf ko skftl`j `k quk prkilsadkftk ko `kspolkguk `k oa rkprkskftailùf dj`krfa `kfjsta`j pjr Arkf`t koldlfa oa rkprkskftailùf ioáslia ’ijfikhl`a ijdj rknkrkfila a uf kokdkftj l`kao trasikf`kftk- a oj quk, kf iadhlj, aou`k pjsltlvadkftk Yibdltt.— ‟Yibdltt jpjfk a oa `krlva `kspjoltlzaftk `k oa Dj`krfl`a`, ks `kilr, a ksk iatjolilsdj pjoätlij…— ‟oa tksls prjpuksta pjr ìo kf ko kfsayj aikria `k Iatjolilsdj rjdafj y njrda pjoätlia ks quk oa Dj`krfl`a` plkr`k ldpaitj sjhrk oj pjoätlij pjr oa ruptura dlsda `k ksk bloj quk kf ìpjias pasa`as

 

 ’y bjy sùoj kf ko iatjolilsdj iatjolilsdj `k Xjda- pj pjfäa fäa kf rkoailùf ijf ijf oa `kilslùf pjoätlia uufa fa l`ka kxtkrljr a kooa dlsda. Ks kxaitadkftk ksta rkoailùf ’kftrk `kilslùf k l`ka, pj`kr y autjrl`a`, aiilùf y vkr`a`oj quk kftlkf`k Yibdltt pjr ‒rkprkskftailùf ‒r kprkskftailùf““ (rkpràskftatljf), y pjr ijfslgulkftk oa ijftrapjfk a oa dj`krfa rkprkskftafza, iaraitkrlza`a, kf iadhlj, pjr ufa pauoatlfa k lrrkvkrslhok lr rkvkrslhok lfdafkftlzailùf.— lfdafkftlzailùf.— Uág. 00 ‟oa rkprakskftatlj iatùolia puk`k knkitlvadkftk rkprkskftar a ojs lf`lvl`ujs sùoj rkdltlìf`jsk a uf vaojr quk ojs trasilkf`k.— tr asilkf`k.— ‟Kf kstk puftj Yibdltt ahrk ufa pkrspkitlva a uf vkitjr `kilslvj `k oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia iatùolia= `kilr, a ksk fkxj kftrk h kf y pj`kr para kooa kskfilao.— ‟…oa ijfikpilùf iatùolia `ko pj`kr. Ko pj`kr, kf iuaftj pjtkfila, ks ufa `ktkrdlfailùf `ko skr y, pjr kooj, kskfilaodkftk Hlkf.— Uág. 0; ‟Ijftra skdkcaftk `krlva oa nlojsjnäa iatùolia puk`k rklvlf`liar ufa vjiailùf pjr oa pjoätlia kf fjdhrk `k su prjpla tra`lilùf3 asä `a iukfta `k oa tksls sibdlttlafa `k quk kf oa kra `k oa tìiflia ao iatjolilsdj ok kstáf aslgfa`js ko djfjpjolj y oa `knkfsa `k oa pjoätlia kf uf duf`j ia`a vkz dás `kspjoltlza`j.— Uág. 0> ‟Kf iuaoqulkra `k ojs iasjs ’sk tratk `k oa rkprkskftafza dj`krfa dj`krfa j `k oa rkprkskftailùf iatùoliaoa pjoätlia, su bkibj, su aoda lrrk`uitlhokdkftk kf `lsijr`la parkik `kstlfa`a a pkrdafkikr kxioul`a `k oa ksikfa rkprkskfta`a.— 9.

A dkfjs (kvl`kftkdkftk) quk `k fukvj sk kdplkik a pkfsaroa nukra `k ojs prksupukstjs `k oa nlojsjnäa pjoätlia. Aftlnloùsjnjs pjoätlijs3 Daqulavkoj, Bjhhks. ‟A ìo (Daqulavkoj) sk oj aiusa `k bahkr sustraä`j oa pjoätlia a su rkprkskftailùf nlojsùnlia (ilkftänlia, kf ko oìxlij `k Bjhhks)3 a su prksupukstj ’oa ufl`a`- y a su jhcktlvj ’ko dkcjr rìgldkf-. @k bahkr pkfsa`j ko bkibj `k oa pjoätlia ’ko ijfnolitj pjr ko pj`kr- slf lftkfilùf ijfilola`jra, ardùflia, fkutraolza`jra aogufa.— ‟º\ quì slgflnlia pkfsar oj pjoätlij slf prksupukstjs ìtlijs y prlfilpljs jrgaflilstas sl fj ks `ktkrdlfaroj kf ojs ‒tìrdlfjs“, kf ojs oädltks `k su knkitlva kxlstkfila: Ujr nukra `k ojs iuaoks rksukfa slokfiljsadkftk oj quk aqukooj aqukooj fj ks, ksa fa`a quk oj rj`ka ’y oj atravlksa- ijdj su ahsjouta lfaituaol`a`, ijdj su pjslhlol`a` fkga`a `ks`k slkdprk3 sl ojs bjdhrks nukskf hukfjs..— ‟Daqulavkoj ks kdlfkftkdk kdlfkftkdkftk ftk aftlrrkprkskftatlvj, aftlsldhùolij.— 07. ‟Ko ikftaurj- lfijrpjrk, slf kxioulsoa, oa ksilslùf, y basta ‒sldhjoäik“ ksa dlsda ijf`lilùf. @lvl`l`j, partl`j, kftrk bjdhrk y hkstla, razùf y nukrza, jr`kf y ijfnolitj, ko sucktj pjoätlij, para pj`kr

 

‒ijfslstlr, para ‒`urar“ kf su prjpla lfijfslstkfila, `khk ‒tkrdlfar“ ijdj kftkrj, djrlr kf iuaftj sucktj-bjdhrk, pjrtar `kftrj sä dlsdj su prjpla `lnkrkfila, su prjplj jtrj, su prjpla lfbudafl`a`.— lfbudafl`a`.— ‟Oj quk sùoj (pkr)`ura, quk ‒rkslstk“ a oa ‒ruk`a“ `k oa njrtufa, ks oa ufl`a` `k oj `lvkrsj3 oa ruptura `ko sucktj pjoätlij, ya ska kf su aftlgua tlpjojgäa budafästlia, budafästlia, ya kf oa fukva ijffjtailùf lf`lvl`uaolsta-uflvkrsao lf`lvl`uaolsta-uflvk rsao rkoata`a pjr ko dltj `ko ijftratj.— ‟oäfka dlfjrltarla prjftj oa ia tkjojgäa pjoätlia tjdlsta (…) quk `k Uahoj a oa pjoäty ia kf sudarglfa`a ` dkfs ùfpjr náit `k ` sijr` a prki sadkftk pjrquk oa Agustäfirlstlafa, pu`j pkfsar `ktkrd fù a part r `k uf puftj `k v sta kxtkr jr k rrk`ui hok a kooa. \ ao prjplj Uahoj sk rkdjfta, pjr jtra partk, ko `ksiuhrldlkftj `ko ‒rjstrj `kdjfäaij `ko pj`kr“ oukgj kxblhl`j kf su rrksukota ksukota `urkza pjr Daqulavkoj.— 02. ‟Ijf tj`j, ks lf`lspkfsahok prkskrvar kf oa kxprkslùf ‒`kdjfäaij“ tj`a su jrlglfarla ijffjtailùf aftlfùdlia y fj sldpolnliaroa kf pura fkgatlvl`a` ìtlia.— 02-. Kftskkoufg 

Flktzsibk y Wkhkr3 tjdaf `k oa okiilùf hurimbar`tlafa ks pjr uf oa`j ‟oa nlcailùf `k oj pjoätlij a su pura naitlil`a`, pjr ko jtrj su sustraiilùf a iuaoqulkr apjojgäa `ko bkibj ijdj tao.— ‟aooä `jf`k ko Ksta`j pj`rá rkijfjikr su prjpla aftlgua datrlz, fufia skpuota`a, kf aqukooa ‒bjr`a prldltlva“ `kstlfa`a, kf oa [rszkfk nrku`lafa `k Pjtkd y Pahó (quk ks ko dás `lrkitj kpäojgj `k oa gkfkaojgäa flktzsibkafa), flktzsibkafa), a ‒ilvlolzarsk“ sùoj kf ko askslfatj `ko Ua`rk y su lfijrpjrailùf. Quì pjtkfilao irätlij ijf rkspkitj a iuaoqulkr tkjojgäa pjoätlia ’trasikf`kftk j lfdafkftk- ijftkfäa oa prjnuf`l`a` `k ksa lf`agailùf nuk pukstj a pokfa ouz pjr oa oltkratura dás `jta`a ao rkspkitj.— ;7. ‟A oa ldpjslhlol`a`, para ko hlkf, `k poasdarsk pjoätliadkftk sl fj ks dk`laftk ko okfguack `k su prjpla fkgailùf= pkrj tadhlìf a oa ldpjslhlol`a` lguao y ijftrarla, para ksk dao, `k fj tkf`kr lfótlodkftk ao hlkf.— ‟Bkl`kggkr kf uf tkxtj bþo`krolafj `k 1
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